Localised Technological Change: Towards the Economics of Complexity

Localised Technological Change: Towards the Economics of Complexity

Volumn , Issue , 2008, Pages 1-405

  Antonelli, Cristiano ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TURIN   (Italy)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84911215632     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.4324/9780203932001     Document Type: Book

References (413)

1. Abramovitz, M. (1956), Resources and output trends in the US since 1870, American Economic Review 46, 5-23.
2. Acemoglu, D. (2002), Directed technical change, Review of Economic Studies 69, 781-810.
3. Aghion, P. and Howitt, P. (1992), A model of growth through creative destruction, Econometrica 60, 323-51.
4. Aghion, P. and Tirole, J. (1994), The management of innovation, Quarterly Journal of Economics CIX, 1185-209.
5. Aghion, P. and Howitt, P. (1998), Endogenous growth theory, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA.
6. Akerlof, G. A. (1970), The market for lemons: Quality uncertainty and the market mechanism, Quarterly Journal of Economics 84, 488-500.
7. Alchian, A. A. (1950), Uncertainty evolution and economic theory, Journal of Political Economy 58, 211-22.
8. Alchian, A. A. and Demsetz, H. (1972), Production information costs and economic organization, American Economic Review 62, 777-95.
9. Alchian, A. and Demsetz, H. (1973), The property rights paradigm, Journal of Economic History 33, 16-27.
10. Allen, R. C. (1983), Collective invention, Journal of Economic Behaviour and Organization 4, 1-24.
11. Amatori, F. and Colli, A. (1999), Impresa e industria in Italia dall’Unità a oggi, Marsilio, Venezia.
12. Amendola, M. (1976), Macchine produttività e progresso tecnico, ISEDI, Milano.
13. Amendola, M. and Gaffard, J. L. (1988), The innovative choice: An economic analysis of the dynamics of technology, Basil Blackwell, Oxford.
14. Amendola, M. and Gaffard, J. L. (1998), Out of equilibrium, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
15. Amin, A. and Cohendet, P. (2005), Geographies of knowledge formation in firms, Industry and Innovation 12, 471-92.
16. Anand, N. B. and Tarun, K. (2000), The structure of licensing contracts, Journal of Industrial Economics 48, 103-35.
17. Anderson, P. W., Arrow, K. J. and Pines, D. (eds) (1988), The economy as an evolving complex system, Addison-Wesley, Redwood City, CA.
18. Antonelli, C. (1982), Cambiamento tecnologico e teoria dell’impresa, Loescher, Torino.
19. Antonelli, C. (ed.) (1988), New information technology and industrial change: The Italian case, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston, MA and Dordrecht.
20. Antonelli, C. (1989), A failure-inducement model of research and development expenditures: Italian evidence from the early 1980s, Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization 12, 159-80.
21. Antonelli, C. (1990), Induced adoption and externalities in the regional diffusion of new information technology, Regional Studies 24, 31-40.
22. Antonelli, C. (1991), The diffusion of advanced telecommunications in developing countries, OECD, Paris.
23. Antonelli, C. (ed.) (1992), The economics of information network, Elsevier, Amsterdam.
24. Antonelli, C. (1993), Investment and adoption in advanced telecommunications, Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization 20, 227-46.
25. Antonelli, C. (1995), The economics of localized technological change and industrial dynamics, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston, MA.
26. Antonelli, C. (1999a), The microdynamics of technological change, Routledge, London.
27. Antonelli, C. (1999b), The organization of production, Metroeconomica 50, 234-53.
28. Antonelli, C. (2000), Collective knowledge communication and innovation: The evidence of technological districts, Regional Studies 34, 535-47.
29. Antonelli, C. (2001), The microeconomics of technological systems, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
30. Antonelli, C. (2002), Innovation and structural change, Economie Appliquée 55, 85-120.
31. Antonelli, C. (2003a), The economics of innovation, new technologies and structural change, Routledge, London.
32. Antonelli, C. (2003b), Knowledge complementarity and fungibility: Implications for regional strategy, Regional Studies 39, 595-606.
33. Antonelli, C. (2003c), The digital divide: Understanding the economics of new information and communication technology in the global economy, Information Economics and Policy 15, 173-99.
34. Antonelli, C. (2004a), The governance of localized technological knowledge and the evolution of intellectual property rights, in E. Colombatto (ed.), The Elgar companion to property rights, Edward Elgar, Cheltenham, pp. 414-37.
35. Antonelli, C. (2004b), Localized product innovation: The role of proximity in the Lancastrian product space, Information Economics and Policy 16, 255-74.
36. Antonelli, C. (2005a), The economics of governance: The role of localized technological change in the interdependence among transaction, coordination and production, in K. Green, M. Miozzo and P. Dewick (eds), Technology, knowledge and the firm: Implications for strategy and industrial change, Edward Elgar, Cheltenham, pp. 29-50.
37. Antonelli, C. (2005b), Models of knowledge and systems of governance, Journal of Institutional Economics 1, 51-73.
38. Antonelli, C. (2006a), Localized technological change and factor markets: Constraints and inducements to innovation, Structural Change and Economic Dynamics 17, 224-47.
39. Antonelli, C. (2006b), The governance of technological knowledge: To use or to sell, in J. Sundbo, A. Gallina, G. Serin and J. Davis (eds), Contemporary management of innovation, PalgraveMacmillan, Basingstoke, pp. 208-29.
40. Antonelli, C. (2006c), The business governance of localized knowledge: An information economics approach to the economics of knowledge, Industry and Innovation 13, 227-61.
41. Antonelli, C. (2006d), Diffusion as a process of creative adoption, Journal of Technology Transfer 31, 211-26.
42. Antonelli, C. (2006e), Path dependence, localised technological change and the quest for dynamic efficiency, in C. Antonelli, D. Foray, B. H. Hall and W. E. Steinmueller (eds), New frontiers in the economics of innovation and new technology: Essays in honour of Paul A. David, Edward Elgar, Cheltenham, pp. 51-69.
43. Antonelli, C. (2007a), The foundations of the economics of innovation, in C. Antonelli (ed.), The economics of innovation: Critical concepts in economics, Routledge, London.
44. Antonelli, C. (2007b), Knowledge as an essential facility, Journal of Evolutionary Economics 17: 451-71.
45. Antonelli, C. (2007c), The system dynamics of collective knowledge: From gradualism and saltationism to punctuated change, Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization 62, 215-36.
46. Antonelli, C. (2007d), The new economics of the university: A knowledge governance approach, Journal of Technology Transfer, forthcoming.
47. Antonelli, C. and Quéré, M. (2002), The governance of interactive learning within innovation systems, Urban Studies 39, 1051-63.
48. Antonelli, C. and Barbiellini Amidei, F. (2007), Innovazione tecnologica e mutamento strutturale nell’industria italiana nel secondo dopoguerra, in C. Antonelli et al., Innovazione tecnologica e sviluppo industriale nel secondo dopoguerra, Collana Storica della Banca d’Italia, Laterza, Roma, pp. 3-358.
49. Antonelli, C. and Teubal, M. (2007), Knowledge intensive property rights and the evolution of venture capitalism, Journal of Institutional Economics, forthcoming.
50. Antonelli, C. and Calderini, M. (2008), The governance of knowledge compositeness and technological performance: The case of the automotive industry in Europe, Economics of Innovation and New Technology 18, forthcoming.
51. Antonelli, C., Petit, P. and Tahar, G. (1992), The economics of industrial modernization, Academic Press, Cambridge.
52. Antonelli, C., Marchionatti, R. and Usai, S. (2003), Productivity and external knowledge: The Italian case, Rivista Internazionale di Scienze Economiche e Commerciali 50, 69-90.
53. Archibugi, D. and Lundvall, B. A. (2001), The globalizing learning economy: Major socioeconomic trends and European innovation policy, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
54. Argyres, N. S. (1995), Technology strategy governance structure and interdivisional coordination, Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization 28, 337-58.
55. Arora, A. and Gambardella, A. (1994), The changing technology of technical change: General and abstract knowledge and the division of innovative labor, Research Policy 23, 523-32.
56. Arora, A., Fosfuri, A. and Gambardella, A. (2001), Markets for technology, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA.
57. Arrow, K. J. (1962a), Economic welfare and the allocation of resources for invention, in R. R. Nelson (ed.), The rate and direction of inventive activity: Economic and social factors, Princeton University Press for NBER, Princeton, NJ, pp. 609-25.
58. Arrow, K. J. (1962b), The economic implications of learning by doing, Review of Economic Studies 29, 155-73.
59. Arrow, K. J. (1969), Classificatory notes on the production and transmission of technical knowledge, American Economic Review 59, 29-35.
60. Arrow, K. J. (1974), The limits of organization, W.W. Norton, New York.
61. Arthur, B. (1989), Competing technologies, increasing returns and lock-in by small historical events, Economic Journal 99, 116-31.
62. Arthur, B. (1999), Complexity and the economy, Science 284, 107-9.
63. Arthur, W. B., Durlauf, S. N. and Lane, D. (eds) (1997), The economy as an evolving complex system II, Addison-Wesley, Redwood City, CA.
64. Arvanitis, S. and Hollenstein, H. (2001), The determinants of the adoption of advanced manufacturing technology, Economics of Innovation and New Technology 10, 377-414.
65. Asimakopulos, A. and Weldon, J. C. (1963), The classification of technical progress in models of economic growth, Economica 30, 372-86.
66. Atkinson, A. B. and Stiglitz, J. E. (1969), A new view of technological change, Economic Journal 79, 573-8.
67. Attalah, G. (2003), Information sharing and the stability of cooperation in research joint ventures, Economics of Innovation and New Technology 12, 531-55.
68. Audretsch, D. B. (1995), Innovation and industry evolution, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA.
69. Audretsch, D. B. (2006), Entrepreneurship, innovation and economic growth, Edward Elgar, Cheltenham.
70. Audretsch, D. B. and Feldman, M. (1996), Spillovers and the geography of innovation and production, American Economic Review 86, 630-40.
71. Audretsch, D. B. and Stephan, P. E. (1996), Company-scientist locational links: The case of biotechnology, American Economic Review 86, 641-52.
72. Avnimelech, G. and Teubal, M. (2004), Venture capital start-up co-evolution and the emergence and development of Israel’s new high tech cluster, Economics ofInnovation and New Technology 13, 33-60.
73. Bairati, P. (1983), Valletta, UTET, Torino.
74. Baldwin, C. Y. and Clark, K. (2000), Design rules: The power of modularity, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA.
75. Barabasi, A. L. (2002), Linked: How everything is connected to everything else and what it means for business, science and everyday life, Plume, New York.
76. Barca, F. (ed.) (1997), Storia del capitalismo italiano dal dopoguerra a oggi, Donzelli, Roma.
77. Barton, J. (2000), Reforming the patent system, Science 287, 1933-4.
78. Baumol, W. J. (2002), The free-market innovation machine: Analyzing the growth miracle of capitalism, Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ.
79. Baumol, W. J. and Sydak, J. G. (1994), Toward competition in local telephony, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA.
80. Besanko, D., Dranove, D. and Shanley, M. (2000), Economics of strategy, John Wiley & Sons, New York.
81. Besomi, D. (1999), Harrod on the classification of technological progress: The origin of a wild-goose chase, BNL Quarterly Review 208, 95-118.
82. Bianchi, M. (ed.) (1998), The active consumer, Routledge, London.
83. Bijker, W. E., Hughes, T. P. and Pinch, T. J. (eds) (1987), The social construction of technological systems: New directions in the sociology and history of technology, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA.
84. Binswanger, H. P. and Ruttan, V. W. (1978), Induced innovation: Technology institutions and development, Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, MD.
85. Blaug, M. (1963), A survey of the theory of process-innovations, Economica 30, 13-32.
86. Boldrin, M. and Levine, D. K. (2002), The case against intellectual property rights, American Economic Review 92, 209-12.
87. Bonazzi, G. and Antonelli, C. (2003), To make or to sell? The case of in-house outsourcing at FIAT Auto, Organization Studies 24, 575-94.
88. Boschma, R. A. (2005), Proximity and innovation: A critical assessment, Regional Studies 39, 61-74.
89. Bresnahan, T. F. and Trajtenberg, M. (1995), General purpose technologies: ‘Engines of growth’?, Journal of Econometrics 65, 83-108.
90. Bresnahan, T. and Gambardella, A. (eds) (2005), Building high-tech clusters: Silicon Valley and beyond, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
91. Broadberry, S. (1997), The productivity race: British manufacturing in international perspective, 1850-1990, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
92. Brousseau, E. and Fares, M. (2000), Incomplete contracts and governance structures: Are incomplete contract theory and new institutional economics substitutes or complements?, in C. Menard (ed.) (2000), Institutions, contracts and organizations: Perspectives from new institutional economics, Edward Elgar, Cheltenham.
93. Brousseau, E. and Glachant, J. M. (eds) (2002), The economics of contracts, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
94. Brown, M. (1966), On the theory and measurement of technological change, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
95. Brusoni, S. and Prencipe, A. (2001), Unpacking the black box of modularity: Technologies, products and organizations, Industrial and Corporate Change 10, 179-205.
96. Buchanan, J. M. (1965), An economic theory of clubs, Economica 34, 1-14.
97. Burt, R. S. (1992), Structural holes: The social structure of competition, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA.
98. Canepa, A. and Stoneman, P. (2004), Comparative international diffusion: Patterns, determinants and policies, Economics of Innovation and New Technology 13, 279-98.
99. Cantwell, J. and Iammarino, S. (2003), Multinational corporations and European regional systems of innovation, Routledge, London.
100. Cassier, M. and Foray, D. (2002), Public knowledge, private property and the economics of high-tech consortia, Economics of Innovation and New Technology 11, 123-32.
101. Casti, J. (1998), Would-be worlds: How simulation is changing the frontiers of science, Wiley, New York.
102. Castronovo, V. (1971), Giovanni Agnelli, UTET, Torino.
103. Castronovo, V. (1995), Storia economica d’Italia: Dall’Ottocento ai giorni nostri, Einaudi, Torino.
104. Caves, R. E. and Porter, M. E. (1977), From entry barriers to mobility barriers: Conjectural decision and contrived deterrence to new competition, Quarterly Journal of Economics 91, 241-61.
105. Chandler, A. D. (1962), Strategy and structure: Chapters in the history of the industrial enterprise, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA.
106. Chandler, A. D. (1977), The visible hand: The managerial revolution in American business, Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA.
107. Chandler, A. D. (1990), Scale and scope: The dynamics of industrial capitalism, Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA.
108. Chandler, A. D., Hagstrom, P. and Solvell, O. (eds) (1999), The dynamic firm: The role of technology, strategy, organization and regions, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
109. Chesbrough, H. (2003), Open innovation: The new imperative for creating and profiting from technology, Harvard Business School Press, Boston, MA.
110. Chesbrough, H., Vanhaverbeke, W. and West, J. (2006), Open innovation: Researching a new paradigm, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
111. Clark, G. L. (2000), Pension fund capitalism, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
112. Cohen, W. M. and Levinthal, D. A. (1989), Innovation and learning: The two faces of R&D, Economic Journal 99, 569-96.
113. Cohen, W. M. and Levinthal, D. A. (1990), Absorptive capacity: A new perspective on learning and innovation, Administrative Science Quarterly 35, 128-52.
114. Cohen, W. M., Nelson, R. R. and Walsh, J. P. (2000), Protecting their intellectual assets: Appropriability conditions and why U.S. manufacturing firms patent (or not), NBER, Cambridge, MA.
115. Consoli, D. (2005a), Technological cooperation and product substitution in UK retail banking: The case of consumer services, Information Economics and Policy 17, 199-216.
116. Consoli, D. (2005b), The dynamics of technological change in UK retail banking services: An evolutionary perspective, Research Policy 34, 461-80.
117. Cooke, P. (2002), Knowledge economies, Routledge, London.
118. Cowan, R. and Foray, D. (1997), The economics of codification and the diffusion of knowledge, Industrial and Corporate Change 6, 595-622.
119. Cowan, R., David, P. A. and Foray, D. (2000), The explicit economics of knowledge codification and tacitness, Industrial and Corporate Change 9, 211-53.
120. Cyert, R. M. and March, J. C. (1963), A behavioral theory of the firm, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ.
121. Dalle, J. M. and David, P. A. (2003), The allocation of software development resources in open source production mode, SIEPR Discussion Paper No. 02-27.
122. Dalle, J. M., David, P. A., Ghosh, A. R. and Steinmueller, W. E. (2004), Advancing economic research on the free and open source software mode of production, SIEPR Discussion Paper No. 04-03.
123. Dasgupta, P. and David, P. A. (1987), Information disclosure and the economics of science and technology, in G. Feiwel (ed.), Arrow and the ascent of modern economic theory, Macmillan, London.
124. Dasgupta, P. and David, P. A. (1994), Towards a new economics of science, Research Policy 23, 487-521.
125. Dasgupta, P. and Seragekdin, I. (eds) (2000), Social capital: A multifacetedperspective, World Bank, Washington, DC.
126. David, P. A. (1969), A contribution to the theory of diffusion. Research Center in Economic Growth, Memorandum No. 71, Stanford University.
127. David, P. A. (1975), Technical choice innovation and economic growth, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
128. David, P. A. (1985), Clio and the economics of QWERTY, American Economic Review 75, 332-7.
129. David, P. A. (1987), Some new standards for the economics of standardization in the information age, in P. Dasgupta and P. Stoneman (eds), Economic policy and technological performance, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 206-40.
130. David, P. A. (1988), Path-dependence: Putting the past into the future of economics. Mimeo, Department of Economics, Stanford University.
131. David, P. A. (1990), The dynamo and the computer: A historical perspective on the productivity paradox, American Economic Review (P&P) 80, 355-61.
132. David, P. A. (1992), Path-dependence in economic processes: Implications for policy analysis in dynamical system contexts, Fondazione Rosselli, Torino.
133. David, P. A. (1993), Knowledge property and the system dynamics of technological change, Proceedings ofthe World Bank Annual Conference on Development Economics, World Bank, Washington, DC.
134. David, P. A. (1994a), Why are institutions the ‘carriers of history’? Path dependence and the evolution of conventions, organizations and institutions, Structural Change and Economic Dynamics 5, 205-20.
135. David, P. A. (1994b), Positive feedbacks and research productivity in science: Reopening another black box, in O. Granstrand (ed.), Economics and technology, Elsevier, Amsterdam.
136. David, P. A. (2000a), Path dependent learning, and the evolution of beliefs and behaviours, in U. Pagano and A. Nicita (eds), The evolution of economic diversity, Routledge, London.
137. David, P. A. (2000b), Path dependence and varieties of learning in the evolution of technological practice, Ch. 10 in J. Ziman (ed.), Technological innovation as an evolutionary process, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
138. David, P. A. (2004a), Can ‘open science’ be protected from the evolving regime of IPR protections?, Journal of Institutional and Theoretical Economics 160, 9-34.
139. David, P. A. (2004b), Understanding the emergence of Open Science institutions: Functionalist economics in historical context, Industrial and Corporate Change 13, 571-89.
140. David, P. A. (2004c), The tale of two traverses: Innovation and accumulation in the first two centuries of U.S. economic growth. Gallman Lecture, Duke University.
141. David, P. A. (2007), Path dependence: A foundational concept for historical social science, Cliometrica: Journal of Historical Economics and Econometric History 1: 91-114.
142. David, P. A. and Bunn, J. (1988), The economics of gateway technologies and network evolution: Lessons from electricity supply history, Information Economics and Policy 3, 165-202.
143. Dawkins, R. (1986), The blind watchmaker: Why the evidence of evolution reveals a universe without design, W. W. Norton, New York.
144. Day, R. H. (1983), The emergence of chaos from classical economic growth, Quarterly Journal of Economics 98, 201-13.
145. Demsetz, H. (1967), Towards a theory of property rights, American Economic Review 57, 347-59.
146. D’Ignazio, A. and Giovannetti, E. (2007), From exogenous to endogenous economic networks: Internet applications, Journal of Economic Surveys 20, 756-96.
147. Dosi, G. and Nelson, R. R. (1994), An introduction to evolutionary theories in economics, Journal of Evolutionary Economics 4, 153-72.
148. Dosi, G., Nelson, R. R. and Winter, S. (2000), The nature and dynamics of organizational capabilities, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
149. Durlauf, S. N. (2005), Complexity and empirical economics, Economic Journal 115, 225-43.
150. Eldredge, N. and Gould, S. J. (1972), Punctuated equilibria: An alternative to phyletic gradualism, in T. J. Schopfer (ed.), Models in paleobiology, Freeman Cooper, San Francisco, CA, pp. 82-115.
151. Elster, J. (1983), Explaining technical change, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
152. Elster, J. (1986), An introduction to Karl Marx, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
153. Etzkowitz, H. (1998), The norms of entrepreneurial science: Cognitive effects of the new university-industry linkages, Research Policy 27, 823-33.
154. Etzkowitz, H. (2002), MIT and the rise of entrepreneurial science, Routledge, London.
155. Etzkowitz, H. and Leydesdorf, L. (2000), The dynamics of innovation: From national systems and ‘Mode 2’ to a triple helix of university-industry-government relations, Research Policy 29, 109-23.
156. Fai, F. and Von Tunzelmann, N. (2001a), Scale and scope in technology: Large firms 1930/1990, Economics of Innovation and New Technology 10, 255-88.
157. Fai, F. and Von Tunzelmann, N. (2001b), Industry-specific competencies and converging technological systems: Evidence from patents, Structural Change and Economic Dynamics 12, 141-70.
158. Faria, A., Fenn, P. and Bruce, A. (2002), Determinants of the adoption of flexible production technologies: Evidence from Portuguese manufacturing industry, Economics of Innovation and New Technology 11, 560-80.
159. Faria, A., Fenn, P. and Bruce, A. (2003), Count data model of technology adoption, Journal of Technology Transfer 28: 63-79.
160. Farrell, M. J. (1957), The measurement of productive efficiency, Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series A (General): 253-90.
161. Faust, K. and Wasserman, S. (1994), Social network analysis: Methods and applications, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
162. Feldman, M. P. (1993), An examination of the geography of innovation, Industrial and Corporate Change 2, 447-67.
163. Feldman, M. P. (1994), The geography of innovation, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston, MA.
164. Feldman, M. P. (1999), The new economics of innovation spillovers and agglomeration: A review of empirical studies, Economics of Innovation and New Technology 8, 5-26.
165. Feldman, M. P. and Audretsch, D. B. (1999), Innovation in cities: Science-based diversity specialization and localized competition, European Economic Review 43, 409-30.
166. Feldman, M. P. and Massard, N. (eds) (2002), Institutions and systems in the geography of innovation, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston, MA.
167. Florida, L. and Kenney, M. (1988), Venture capital financed innovation and technological change in the USA, Research Policy 17, 119-37.
168. Foray, D. and Steinmueller, W. E. (2003), On the economics of R&D and technological cooperation: Insights and results from the project COLLINE, Economics of Innovation and New Technology 12, 77-92.
169. Foss, N. (1997), Resources, firms and strategies: A reader in the resource-based perspective, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
170. Foss, N. J. (1998), The resource-based perspective: An assessment and diagnosis ofproblems, Scandinavian Journal of Management 15, 1-15.
171. Foss, N. and Mahnke, V. (eds) (2000), Competence, governance and entrepreneurship: Advances in economic strategy research, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
172. Foster, J. (1993), Economics and the self-organisation approach: Alfred Marshall revisited, Economic Journal 103, 975-91.
173. Foster, J. (1997), The analytical foundation of evolutionary economics: From biological analogy to economic self-organization, Structural Change and Economic Dynamics 8, 427-51.
174. Foster, J. (2005), From simplistic to complex systems in economics, Cambridge Journal of Economics 29, 873-92.
175. Fransman, M. (2002), Telecoms in the Internet age: From boom to bust to...?, Oxford, Oxford University Press.
176. Freeman, C. (1987), Technology policy and economic performance, Pinter, London.
177. Freeman, C. (1994), The economics of technical change, Cambridge Journal of Economics 18, 463-514.
178. Friedman, M. (1953), The methodology of positive economics, in M. Friedman, Essays in positive economics, University of Chicago Press, Chicago, IL.
179. Garicano, L. (2000), Hierarchies and the organization of knowledge in production, Journal of Political Economy 108, 874-904.
180. Garud, R. and Karnoe, P. (eds) (2001), Path dependence and creation, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Mahwah, NJ.
181. Geroski, P. (1995a), Markets for technology, in P. Stoneman (ed.), Handbook of the economics of innovation and new technology, Basil Blackwell, Oxford, pp. 90-131.
182. Geroski, P. (1995b), What do we know about entry?, International Journal of Industrial Organization 13, 421-40.
183. Geuna, A. (1999), The economics of knowledge production, Edward Elgar, Cheltenham.
184. Geuna, A., Salter, A. and Steinmueller, W. E. (eds) (2003), Science and innovation: Rethinking the rationales for funding and governance, Edward Elgar, Cheltenham.
185. Gibbons, M., Limoges, C., Nowotny, H., Schwarzman, S., Scott, P. and Trow, M. (1994), The new production of knowledge: The dynamics of research in contemporary societies, Sage Publications, London.
186. Gleaser, E. and Scheinkman, J. A. (2000), Non-market interactions. NBER Working Paper Series 8053.
187. Gompers, P. and Lerner, J. (1999), The venture capital cycle, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA.
188. Gompers, P. and Lerner, J. (2003), The really long-run performance of initial public offerings: The pre-Nasdaq evidence, Journal of Finance 58, 1355-92.
189. Gould, S. J. (2002), The structure of evolutionary theory, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA.
190. Granovetter, M. S. (1973), The strength of weak ties, American Journal of Sociology 78, 1360-80.
191. Gravelle, H. and Rees, R. (1981), Microeconomics, Longman, London and New York.
192. Greve, H. R. (1998), Performance, aspirations, and risky organizational change, Administrative Science Quarterly 43, 58-86.
193. Griffith, R., Redding, S. and Van Reenen, J. (2003), R&D and absorptive capacity: Theory and empirical evidence, Scandinavian Journal of Economics 105, 99-118.
194. Griliches, Z. (1957), Hybrid corn: An exploration in the economics of technological change, Econometrica 25, 501-22.
195. Griliches, Z. (1992), The search for R&D spillovers, Scandinavian Journal of Economics 94, 29-47.
196. Grossman, S. J. and Hart, O. D. (1986), The costs and benefits of ownership: A theory of vertical integration, Journal of Political Economy 94, 691-719.
197. Guilhon, B. (ed.) (2001), Technology and markets for knowledge: Knowledge creation, diffusion and exchange within a growing economy, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston, MA.
198. Guilhon, B. (2004), Markets for knowledge: Problems, scope and economic implications, Economics of Innovation and New Technology 13, 165-82.
199. Guiso, L. (1998), High-tech firms and credit rationing, Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization 35, 39-59.
200. Guiso, L. and Schivardi, F. (2007), Spillovers in industrial districts, Economic Journal 117, 68-93.
201. Habakkuk, H. J. (1962), American and British technology in the nineteenth century, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
202. Hall, B. H. (2002), The financing of research and development, Oxford Review of Economic Policy 18, 35-51.
203. Harabi, N. (1995), Appropriability oftechnical innovations: An empirical analysis, Research Policy 24, 981-92.
204. Hart, O. D. (1995), Firms, contracts and financial structure, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
205. Hayek, F. A. (1937), Economics and knowledge, Economica 13, 33-54.
206. Hayek, F. A. (1945), The use of knowledge in society, American Economic Review 35, 519-30.
207. Hayek, F. A. (1952), The sensory order: An inquiry into the foundations of theoretical psychology, Routledge & Kegan Paul, London.
208. Helpman, E. (ed.) (1998), General purpose technologies and economic growth, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA.
209. Henderson, R., Jaffe, A. B. and Trajtenberg, M. (1998), Universities as a source of commercial technology: A detailed analysis of university patenting, 1965-88, Review of Economics and Statistics 80, 119-27.
210. Hicks, J. R. (1932), The theory of wages, Macmillan, London.
211. Hicks, J. R. (1976), Time in economics, in A.M. Tang (ed.), Evolution welfare and time in economics. Quotes are drawn from J. R. Hicks (1982), Collected essays on economic theory, Vol. II, Basil Blackwell, Oxford.
212. Holmstrom, B. (1989), Agency costs and innovation, Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization 12, 305-27.
213. Hopenhayn, H. A. and Mitchell, M. F. (2001), Innovation variety and patent breadth, Rand Journal of Economics 32, 152-66.
214. Jacobs, J. (1969), The economy of cities, Jonathan Cape, London.
215. Jaffe, A. B. and Lerner, J. (2001), Reinventing public R&D: Patent policy and the commercialization of national laboratory technologies, Rand Journal of Economics 32, 167-98.
216. Jaffe, A. B. and Lerner, J. (2004), Innovation and its discontents: How our broken patent system is endangering innovation and progress and what can be done about it, Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ.
217. Johnson, D. K. (2002), Learning-by-licensing: R&D and technology licensing in Brazilian invention, Economics of Innovation and New Technology 11, 163-77.
218. Jones, C. I. (1998), Introduction to economic growth, Norton, New York (2nd edn, 2002).
219. Kahneman, D. and Tversky, A. (1979), Prospect theory: An analysis of decision under risk, Econometrica 47, 263-91.
220. Kahneman, D. and Tversky, A. (1992), Advances in prospect theory: Cumulative representation of uncertainty, Journal of Risk and Uncertainty 5, 297-323.
221. Kaldor, N. (1972), The irrelevance of equilibrium economics, Economic Journal 82, 1237-55.
222. Kaldor, N. (1981), The role of increasing returns, technical progress and cumulative causation, Economie Appliquée 34, 593-617.
223. Karshenas, M. and Stoneman, P. (1992), A flexible model of technological diffusion, Journal of Forecasting 11, 577-602.
224. Karshenas, M. and Stoneman, P. (1995), Technological diffusion, in P. Stoneman (ed.), Handbook of the economics of innovation and technological change, Blackwell, Oxford.
225. Katz, M. L. and Shapiro, C. (1986), Technology adoption in the presence of network externalities, Journal of Political Economy 94, 822-41.
226. Kauffman, S. A. (1993), The origins of order: Self-organization and selection in evolution, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
227. Kealey, T. (1996), The economic laws of scientific research, Macmillan, London.
228. Kennedy, C. (1964), Induced bias and the theory of distribution, Economic Journal 74, 541-7.
229. Kingston, W. (2001), Innovation needs patents reforms, Research Policy 30, 403-23.
230. Kirman, A. (2004), Economics and complexity, in R. Leombruni and M. Richiardi (eds), Industry and labor dynamics: The agent based computational economics approach, World Scientific, New Jersey.
231. Klemperer, P. (1987a), Markets with consumer switching costs, Quarterly Journal of Economics 102, 375-94.
232. Klemperer, P. (1987b), The competitiveness of markets with switching costs, Rand Journal of Economics 18, 138-50.
233. Klemperer, P. (1990), How broad should the scope of patent protection be?, Rand Journal of Economics 21, 113-30.
234. Klemperer, P. (1995), Competition when consumers have switching costs: An overview with an application to industrial organization, macroeconomics and international trade, Review of Economic Studies 62, 515-39.
235. Kortum, S. and Lerner, J. (2000), Assessing the contribution ofventure capital to innovation, Rand Journal of Economics 31, 674-92.
236. Krafft, J. (2003), Vertical structure of the industry and competition: An analysis of the evolution of the infocommunication industry, Telecommunications Policy 27, 625-49.
237. Lach, S. and Schankerman, M. (2003), Incentives and invention in universities. NBER Working Paper No. 9727.
238. Laestadius, S. (1998), Technology level, knowledge formation and industrial competence in paper manufacturing, in C. Green, G. Eliasson and C. McCann (eds), Micro-foundations of economic growth: A Schumpeterianperspective, University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbour, pp. 212-26.
239. Lamberton, D. (ed.) (1971), Economics of information and knowledge, Penguin Books, Harmondsworth.
240. Lancaster, K. (1971), Consumer demand: A new approach, Columbia University Press, New York.
241. Lane, D. A. and Maxfield, R. (1997), Foresight, complexity and strategy, in W. B. Arthur, S. N. Durlauf and D. A. Lane (eds), The economy as an evolving complex system II, Santa Fe Institute Studies, Westview Press, Boulder, CO, pp. 169-98.
242. Lane, D. A., Maxfield, R., Read, D. and Van der Leeuw, S. (2006), The innovation innovation: From population thinking to organization thinking. ISCOM working papers, Università di Modena e Reggio.
243. Lang, L. and Stultz, R. (1994), Tobin’s q, corporate diversification, and firm performance, Journal of Political Economy 102, 1248-80.
244. Langlois, R. N. (1992), Transaction-cost economics in real time, Industrial and Corporate Change 1, 99-127.
245. Langlois, R. N. and Foss, N. J. (1999), Capabilities and governance: The rebirth of production in the theory of economic organization, Kyklos 52, 201-18.
246. Lawson, T. (2005), The nature of heterodox economics, Cambridge Journal of Economics 30, 483-505.
247. Lawton Smith, H. (2006), Universities, innovation and the economy, Routledge, London and New York.
248. Lerner, J. (1995), Venture capitalists and the oversight of private firms, Journal of Finance 50, 301-18.
249. Lerner, J. and Merges, R. P. (1998), The control of technology alliances: An empirical analysis of the biotechnology industry, Journal of Industrial Economics 46, 125-56.
250. Lerner, J. and Tirole, J. (2002), Some simple economics of open source, Journal of Industrial Economics 52, 197-234.
251. Lerner, J. and Tirole, J. (2004), The economics of technology sharing: Open source and beyond, Journal of Economic Perspectives 19, 99-120.
252. Lessig, L. (1999), Code and other laws of cyberspace, Basic Books, New York.
253. Levin, R. C., Klevorick, A. K., Nelson, R. R. and Winter, S. G. (1987), Appropriating the returns from industrial research and development, Brookings Paper on Economic Activity 3, 242-79.
254. Levinthal, D. A. (1998), The slow pace of rapid technological change: Gradualism and punctuation in technological change, Industrial and Corporate Change 8, 217-47.
255. Loasby, B. J. (1999), Knowledge institutions and evolution in economics, Routledge, London.
256. Loasby, B. J. (2002), The division and coordination of knowledge, in Sheila C. Dow and J. Hillard (eds), Post Keynesian econometrics, microeconomics and the theory of the firm, Beyond Keynes, Vol. I, Edward Elgar, Cheltenham.
257. Loch, C. H. and Huberman, B. A. (1999), A punctuated-equilibrium model of technology diffusion, Management Science 45, 160-77.
258. Lundvall, B. A. (1985), Product innovation and user-producer interaction, Aalborg University Press, Aalborg.
259. Lypsey, R., Bekar, C. and Carlaw, K. (1998), General purpose technologies: What requires explanation, in E. Helpman (ed.), General purpose technologies and economic growth, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA.
260. McDonald, S. (2004), What means become ends: Considering the impact of patent strategy on innovation, Information Economics and Policy 16, 135-58.
261. Machlup, F. and Penrose, E. (1950), The patent controversy in the nineteenth century, Journal of Economic History 10, 1-20.
262. Madden, G. (ed.) (2003), Handbook on telecommunications, Edward Elgar, Cheltenham.
263. Mansfield, E. (1968), Industrial research and technological innovation, Norton, New York.
264. Mansfield, E. (1995), Academic research underlying industrial innovations: Sources, characteristics and financing, Review of Economics and Statistics 77, 55-65.
265. Mansfield, E., Schwartz, M. and Wagner, S. (1981), Imitation costs and patents: An empirical study, Economic Journal 91, 907-18.
266. March, J. C. (1991), Exploration and exploitation in organizing learning, Organization Science 2, 71-87.
267. March, J. C. and Simon, H. A. (1958), Organizations, John Wiley & Sons, New York.
268. Marchionatti, R. (1988), Il cambiamento tecnologico in una prospettiva classica, Economía e Politica Industriale 58, 177-206.
269. Marchionatti, R. (1999), On Keynes’ animal spirits, Kyklos 52: 415-39.
270. Marchionatti, R. (2004), What don’t economists know now that Marshall knew a century ago? A note on Marshall’s ‘sophisticated informality’, Journal of Post-Keynesian Economics 26, 441-60.
271. Marmolo, E. (1999), A constitutional theory of public goods, Journal ofEconomic Behavior and Organization 38, 27-42.
272. Marquetti, A. (2003), Analyzing historical and regional patterns of technical change from a classical-Marxian perspective, Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization 52, 191-200.
273. Marshall, A. (1920 [1890]), Principles of economics, 8th edn, Macmillan, London.
274. Martin, S. (1993), Advanced industrial economics, Basil Blackwell, Oxford.
275. Marx, K. (1857-58), Grundrisse (Economic manuscripts of 1857-58, First version of Capital), http://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/cw/volume29.
276. Marx, K. (1976 [1867]), Capital: A critique of political economy, Penguin Books, Harmondsworth.
277. May, C. (2000), A global political economy of intellectual property rights: The new enclosures?, London, Routledge.
278. Mazzoleni, R. and Nelson, R. R. (1998), The benefits and the costs of strong patent protection: A contribution to the current debate, Research Policy 27, 273-84.
279. Menard, C. (ed.) (2000), Institutions, contracts and organizations: Perspectives from new institutional economics, Edward Elgar, Cheltenham.
280. Merges, R. and Nelson, R. R. (1994), On limiting or encouraging rivalry in technical progress: The effect of patent scope decisions, Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization 25, 1-24.
281. Metcalfe, J. S. (1981), Impulse and diffusion in the study of technical change, Futures 13, 347-59.
282. Metcalfe, J. S. (1997), Evolutionary economics and creative destruction, Routledge, London.
283. Metcalfe, J. S. (2001), Consumption preferences and the evolutionary agenda, Journal of Evolutionary Economics 11, 37-58.
284. Metcalfe, J. S. (2005), Ed Mansfield and the diffusion of innovation: An evolutionary connection, Journal of Technology Transfer 30, 139-57.
285. Milgrom, P. and Roberts, J. (1995), Complementarities and fit: Strategy structure and organizational change in manufacturing, Journal of Accounting and Economics 19, 179-208.
286. Mokyr, J. (1990a), Punctuated equilibria and technological progress, American Economic Review (P&P) 80, 350-4.
287. Mokyr, J. (1990b), The lever of riches: Technological creativity and economic progress, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
288. Momigliano, F. (1975), Economia industriale e teoria dell’impresa, Il Mulino, Bologna.
289. Morroni, M. (2006), Knowledge, scale and transactions in the theory of the firm, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
290. Mowery, D. C., Nelson, R. R., Sampat, B. N. and Ziedonis, A. A. (2001), The growth of patenting and licensing by U.S. universities: An assessment of the effects of the Bayh-Dole Act of 1980, Research Policy 30, 99-119.
291. Mueller, D. C. (2003), The corporation: Investment, mergers and growth, Routledge, London.
292. Murmann, P. (2003), Knowledge and competitive advantage: The coevolution of firms, technology and national institutions, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
293. Nelson, P. (1970), Information and consumer behaviour, Journal of Political Economy 78, 311-29.
294. Nelson, R. R. (1959), The simple economics of basic scientific research, Journal of Political Economy 67, 297-306.
295. Nelson, R. R. (1982), The role of knowledge in R&D efficiency, Quarterly Journal of Economics 97, 453-70.
296. Nelson, R. R. (2004), The market economy and the scientific commons, Research Policy 33, 455-71.
297. Nelson, R. R. (2005), Technology institutions and economic growth, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA.
298. Nelson, R. R. and Winter, S. G. (1973), Toward an evolutionary theory of economic capabilities, American Economic Review 63, 440-9.
299. Nelson, R. R. and Winter, S. G. (1982), An evolutionary theory of economic change, Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA.
300. Nonaka, I. and Takeuchi, H. (1995), The knowledge-creating company, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
301. Nooteboom, B. (2000), Learning and innovation in organizations and economics, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
302. Nooteboom, B. (2002), Trust, forms, foundations, functions, failures and figures, Edward Elgar, Cheltenham.
303. Nooteboom, B. (2003), Managing exploration and exploitation, in S. Rizzello (ed.), Cognitive developments in economics, Routledge, London, pp. 218-42.
304. Nooteboom, B. (2004), Governance and competence: How can they be combined?, Cambridge Journal of Economics 28, 505-25.
305. North, D. C. (1997), Some fundamental puzzles in economic history, in W. B. Arthur, S. N. Durlauf and D. Lane (eds) (1997), The economy as an evolving complex system II, Addison-Wesley, Redwood City, CA.
306. North, D. C. and Wallis, J. (1994), Integrating institutional change and technical change in economic history: A transaction cost approach, Journal of Institutional and Theoretical Economics 150, 609-24.
307. Ocasio, W. (1995), The enactment of economic adversity: A reconciliation of theories of failure-induced change and threat-rigidity, Research in Organizational Behavior 17, 287-331.
308. O’Donoghue, T. (2001), A patentability requirement for sequential innovation, Rand Journal of Economics 32, 654-79.
309. Oerlemans, L. A. G. and Meeus, M. T. M. (2001), R&D cooperation in a transaction costs perspective, Review of Industrial Organization 18.
310. Ormerod, P. and Colbaugh, R. (2006), Cascades of failure and extinction in complex evolving networks, Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation 4.
311. Pastor-Satorras, R. and Vespignani, A. (2004), Evolution and structure of the Internet, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
312. Patrucco, P. P. (2003), Institutional variety, networking and knowledge exchange: Communication and innovation in the case of the Brianza technological district, Regional Studies 37, 159-72.
313. Patrucco, P. P. (2005), The emergence of technology systems: Knowledge production and distribution in the case ofthe Emilian plastics district, Cambridge Journal of Economics 29, 37-56.
314. Patrucco, P. P. (2008), Collective knowledge production, costs and the dynamics of technological systems, Economics of Innovation and New Technology 17, forthcoming.
315. Pavitt, K. (2000), Technology, management and systems of innovation, Edward Elgar, Cheltenham.
316. Pavitt, K., Robson, M. and Townsend, J. (1989), Technological accumulation, diversification and organization in UK companies, 1945-83, Management Science 35, 81-99.
317. Penrose, E. T. (1959), The theory of the growth of the firm, 1st and 3rd edns, Basil Blackwell (1959), Oxford, and Oxford University Press (1995), Oxford.
318. e siècle, Presses Universitaires de France, Paris.
319. Pisano, G. P. (1990), The R&D boundaries of the firm: An empirical analysis, Administrative Science Quarterly 35, 153-76.
320. Polanyi, M. (1958), Personal knowledge: Towards a post-critical philosophy, Routledge & Kegan Paul, London.
321. Polanyi, M. (1966), The tacit dimension, Routledge & Kegan Paul, London.
322. Porter, M. E. (1985), Competitive advantage, Free Press, New York.
323. Radner, R. (1996), Bounded rationality, indeterminacy and the theory of the firm, Economic Journal 106, 1360-73.
324. Raymond, E. (1999), The cathedral and the bazaar: Musings on Linux and the open source by an accidental revolutionary, O’Reilly, Sebastopol, CA.
325. Reichman, J. (2000), ‘Of green tulips and legal kudzu’: Repackaging rights in subpatentable invention, Vanderbilt Law Review 53, 17-43. Reprinted in R. Dreyfuss and D. Zimmerman (eds), Expanding the boundaries of intellectual property, Oxford University Press (2001), Oxford, pp. 23-54.
326. Reichman, J. and Maskus, K. (eds) (2005), International public goods and transfer of technology under a globalized intellectual property regime, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
327. Reitzig, M. (2004), The private value of ‘thickets’ and ‘fences’, Economics of Innovation and New Technology 13, 443-56.
328. Richardson, G. B. (1960), Information and investment, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
329. Richardson, G. B. (1972), The organization of industry, Economic Journal 82, 883-96.
330. Riordan, M. and Williamson, O. E. (1985), Asset specificity and economic organization, International Journal of Industrial Organization 3, 365-78.
331. Rizzello, S. (1999), The economics of the mind, Edward Elgar, Cheltenham.
332. Rizzello, S. (ed.) (2003), Cognitive developments in economics, Routledge, London.
333. Rizzello, S. (2004), Knowledge as a path-dependent process, Journal of Bioeconomics 6, 255-74.
334. Robinson, J. (1937), The classification of inventions, Review of Economic Studies 6, 139-42.
335. Romer, P. M. (1986), Increasing returns and long-run economic growth, Journal of Political Economy 94, 1002-37.
336. Romer, P. M. (1990), Endogenous technological change, Journal of Political Economy 98, S71-102.
337. Romer, P. M. (1994), The origins of endogenous growth, Journal of Economic Perspectives 8, 3-22.
338. Rosenberg, N. (1965), Adam Smith on the division of labour: Two views or one, Economica 34, 127-39.
339. Rosenberg, N. (1974), Karl Marx and the economic role of science, Journal of Political Economy 82, 713-28.
340. Rosenberg, N. (1976), Perspectives on technology, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
341. Rosenberg, N. (1992), Economic experiments, Industrial and Corporate Change 1.
342. Rosenberg, N. (1994), Exploring the black box, Chapter 2 in Joseph Schumpeter, Radical Economist, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 47-61.
343. Rosser, J. B. (1991), From catastrophe to chaos: A general theory of economic discontinuities, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston, MA.
344. Rosser, J. B. (1999), On the complexities of complex economic dynamics, Journal of Economic Perspectives 13, 169-92.
345. Rosser, J. B. (ed.) (2004), Complexity in economics, Edward Elgar, Cheltenham.
346. Rumelt, R. P. (1986 [1974]), Strategy, structure and economic performance, 2nd edn, Harvard Business School Classics, Boston, MA.
347. Ruttan, V. W. (1997), Induced innovation evolutionary theory and path dependence: Sources of technical change, Economic Journal 107, 1520-9.
348. Ruttan, V. W. (2001), Technology growth and development: An induced innovation perspective, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
349. Saint Paul, G. (1992), Technological change, financial markets and economic development, European Economic Review 36, 763-81.
350. Sakahibara, M. and Bransletter, L. (2001), Do stronger patents induce more innovation? Evidence from the 1988 Japanese patent law reform, Rand Journal of Economics 32, 77-100.
351. Salter, W. E. G. (1960), Productivity and technical change, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
352. Samuelson, P. (1965), A theory of induced innovation along Kennedy, Weiszacker lines, Review of Economics and Statistics 47, 343-56.
353. Samuelson, P., Davis, R., Kapor, M. D. and Reichman, J. H. (1994), A manifesto concerning the legal protection of computer programs, Columbia Law Review 94, 2308-65.
354. Scherer, F. M. (1984), Innovation and growth: Schumpeterian perspectives, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA.
355. Scherer, F. M. (1992), International high-technology competition, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA.
356. Schmookler, J. (1966), Invention and economic growth, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA.
357. Schumpeter, J. A. (1936 [1911]), The theory of economic development, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA.
358. Schumpeter, J. A. (1928), The instability of capitalism, Economic Journal 38, 361-86. The pages of the quotes refer to the text reproduced in N. Rosenberg (ed.) (1971), The economics of technological change, Penguin Books, Harmondsworth.
359. Schumpeter, J. A. (1939), Business cycles, McGraw-Hill, New York.
360. Schumpeter, J. A. (1942), Capitalism, socialism and democracy, Harper and Brothers, New York.
361. Schumpeter, J. A. (1947), The creative response in economic history, Journal of Economic History 7, 149-59.
362. Scitovsky, T. (1954), Two concepts of external economies, Journal of Political Economy 62, 143-51.
363. Scotchmer, S. (1991), Standing on the shoulders of giants: Cumulative research and the patent law, Journal of Economic Perspectives 5, 29-41.
364. Scotchmer, S. (1996), Protecting early innovators: Should second-generation products be patentable? Rand Journal of Economics 27, 322-31.
365. Scotchmer, S. (2001), On the optimality of the patent renewal system, Rand Journal of Economics 32, 181-96.
366. Shankerman, M. and Scotchmer, S. (2001), Damages and injunctions in protecting intellectual property, Rand Journal of Economics 32, 199-220.
367. Shavell, S. and Van Ypersele, T. (2001), Rewards versus intellectual property rights, Journal of Law and Economics 44, 525-47.
368. Shnerb, N. M., Louzoun, Y., Bettelheim, E. and Solomon, S. (2000), The importance of being discrete: Life always wins on the surface, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 97, 10322-4.
369. Simon, H. A. (1947), Administrative behavior, Free Press, New York.
370. Simon, H. A. (1962), The architecture of complexity, Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 106, 467-82.
371. Simon, H. A. (1982), Metaphors of bounded rationality: Behavioral economics and business organization, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA.
372. Smith, A. (1776), An inquiry into the nature and causes of the wealth of nations (London edn, 1976, Penguin Books, Harmondsworth).
373. Smith, M. Y. (2004), A model of linked adoption of complementary technologies, Economics of Innovation and New Technology 13, 91-9.
374. Solomon, S., Weisbuch, G., de Arcangelis, L., Naeem, J. and Stauffer, D. (2000), Social percolation models, Physica A 277, 239-47.
375. Solow, R. M. (1957), Technical change and the aggregate production function, Review of Economics and Statistics 39, 312-20.
376. Spence, M. (1973), Job market signaling, Quarterly Journal of Economics 77, 355-79.
377. Spulber, D. (1999), Market microstructures: Intermediaries and the theory of the firm, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
378. Stallman, R.M. (1998), The GNU project, O’Reilly, Sebastopol, CA.
379. Stiglitz, J. E. (1985), Credit markets and capital control, Journal of Money Credit and Banking 17, 133-52.
380. Stiglitz, J. E. (1987), Learning to learn, localized learning and technological progress, in P. Dasgupta and P. Stoneman (eds), Economic policy and technological performance, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 125-44.
381. Stiglitz, J. E. (1994), Economic growth revisited, Industrial and Corporate Change 3, 65-110.
382. Stiglitz, J. E. (2000), The contributions of the economics of information to twentieth century economics, Quarterly Journal of Economics 115, 1441-78.
383. Stiglitz, J. E. (2002), Information and the change in the paradigm in economics, American Economic Review 92, 460-502.
384. Stiglitz, J. E. and Weiss, A. (1981), Credit rationing in markets with imperfect information, American Economic Review 71, 912-27.
385. Stoneman, P. (1976), Technological diffusion and the computer revolution, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
386. Stoneman, P. (1983), The economics analysis oftechnical change, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
387. Stoneman, P. (1987), The economics analysis of technology policy, Clarendon Press, Oxford.
388. Stoneman, P. (ed.) (1995), Handbook of the economics of innovation and technological change, Basil Blackwell, Oxford.
389. Stoneman, P. (2002), The economics of technological diffusion, Basil Blackwell, Oxford.
390. Stoneman, P. and Toivanen, O. (1997), The diffusion of multiple technologies: An empirical study, Economics of Innovation and New Technology 5, 1-17.
391. Swann, G. M. P. (ed.) (1994), New technologies and the firm: Innovation and competition, Routledge, London.
392. Swann, G. M. P. (2006), Is the world flat or round? Mapping changes in the taste for art, in C. Antonelli, D. Foray, B. H. Hall and W. E. Steinmueller (eds), New frontiers in the economics of innovation and new technology: Essays in honour of Paul A. David, Edward Elgar, Cheltenham.
393. Sylos Labini, P. (1956), Oligopolio e progresso tecnico, Giuffrè, Milano. Translated into English (1962), Oligopoly and technical progress, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA.
394. Sylos Labini, P. (1984), The forces of economic growth and decline, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA.
395. Taylor, M. C. (2001), The moment of complexity: Emerging network culture, University of Chicago Press, Chicago, IL.
396. Teece, D. J. (2000), Managing intellectual capital, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
397. Teece, D. J. (2005), Technology and technology transfer: Mansfieldian inspirations and subsequent developments, Journal of Technology Transfer 30, 17-33.
398. Teubal, M., Yinnon, T. and Zuscovitch, E. (1991), Networks and market creation, Research Policy 20, 381-92.
399. Turvani, M. (2001), Microfoundations of knowledge dynamics within the firm, Industry and Innovation 8, 309-23.
400. Utterback, J. M. (1994), Mastering the dynamics of innovation, Harvard Business School Press, Boston, MA.
401. Von Hippel, E. (1988), The sources of innovation, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
402. Von Hippel, E. and Von Krogh, G. (2003), Open source software and the ‘Private-Collective’ innovation model: Issues for organization science, Organization Science 14, 209-23.
403. Weitzman, M. (1996), Hybridizing growth theory, American Economic Review 86: 207-12.
404. Williamson, O. E. (1975), Markets and hierarchies: Analysis and antitrust implications, Free Press, New York.
405. Williamson, O. E. (1985), The economic institutions of capitalism: Firms, markets, relational contracting, Free Press, New York.
406. Williamson, O. E. (1990), The firm as a nexus of treaties: An introduction, in M. Aoki, B. Gustaffson and O. E. Williamson (eds), The firm as a nexus of treaties, Sage Publications, London, pp. 1-25.
407. Williamson, O. E. (1996), The mechanisms of governance, Oxford University Press, New York.
408. Witt, U. (1998), Imagination and leadership: The neglected dimension of an evolutionary theory of the firm, Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization 35, 161-77.
409. Witt, U. (2001), Learning to consume: A theory of wants and the growth of demand, Journal of Evolutionary Economics 11, 23-36.
410. Wolfram, S. (2002), A new kind of science, Wolfram Media, Champaign, IL.
411. Young, A. A. (1928), Increasing returns and economic progress, Economic Journal 38, 527-42.
412. Zeitlin, J. and Herrigel, G. (eds) (1999), Americanization and its limits: Reworking US technology and management in postwar Europe and Japan, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
413. Zingales, L. (2000), In search of new foundations, Journal of Finance 55, 1623-53.