Why is anatase a better photocatalyst than rutile? - Model studies on epitaxial TiO2 films

Scientific Reports

Volumn 4, Issue , 2015, Pages

  Luttrell, Tim ^a   Halpegamage, Sandamali ^a   Tao, Junguang ^a,c   Kramer, Alan ^a   Sutter, Eli ^b   Batzill, Matthias ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH FLORIDA   (United States)

^b BROOKHAVEN NATIONAL LABORATORY   (United States)

^c INSTITUTE OF MATERIALS RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING   (Singapore)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84906308780     PISSN: None     EISSN: 20452322     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/srep04043     Document Type: Article

References (60)

1. 2 photocatalysis and related surface phenomena. Surf. Sci. Rep. 63, 515-582 (2008).
2. 2 surfaces-principles, mechanisms, and selected results. Chem. Rev. 95, 735-758 (1995).
3. 2 photocatalysis Surf. Sci. Rep. 66, 185-297 (2011).
4. 2 photocatalyst (Degussa, P-25) consisting of anatase and rutile crystalline phases. J. Catal. 203, 82-86 (2001).
5. 2. Nature Mater. 12, 798-801 (2013).
6. 2 nanocrystals: Comparison of anatase, rutile, and brookite polymorphs and exploration of surface chemistry. ACS Catal. 2, 1817-1828 (2012).
7. Kislov, N. et al. Photocatalytic Degradation of Methyl Orange over Single Crystalline ZnO: Orientation Dependence of Photoactivity and Photostability of ZnO. Langmuir 25, 3310-3315 (2009).
8. 2 surfaces. J. Phys. Chem. B 102, 3216-3226 (1998).
9. 2 crystals. J. Phys. Chem. B 102, 7323-7327 (1998).
10. 2 particles and their roles in photocatalytic reactions. New J. Chem. 26, 1167-1170 (2002).
11. 3. Top. Catal. 44, 529-533 (2007).
12. 2 single crystal surfaces and their photochemical property. Jap. J. Appl. Phys. 44, L511-L514 (2005).
13. Batzill, M. Fundamental aspects of surface engineering of transition metal oxide photocatalysts. Energy Environm. Sci. 4, 3275-3286 (2011).
14. 2 crystals. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 50, 2133-2137 (2011).
15. 2(001) single crystal on the photoreaction of acetic acid. J. Catal. 214, 46-52 (2003).
16. Wilson, J. N. & Idriss, H. Structure sensitivity and photocatalytic reactions of semiconductors. Effect of the last layer atomic arrangement. J. Amer. Chem. Soc. 124, 11284-11285 (2002).
17. Diebold, U. The surface science of titanium dioxide. Surf. Sci. Rep. 48, 53-230 (2003).
18. 2 photocatalysts. J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 1, 3200-3206 (2010).
19. 2 with a reduced bandgap. Nature Chem. 3, 296-300 (2011).
20. 2 Anatase (101). Science 341, 988-991 (2013).
21. 2 (rutile) surfaces. Langmuir 22, 10264-10271 (2006).
22. 2 (anatase) single crystal. J. Electrochem. Soc. 147, 1467-1472 (2000).
23. 2 anatase and rutile single crystals using infrared absorption spectroscopy. Phys. Rev. Lett. 106, 138302 (2011).
24. 2 anatase thin films. J. Appl. Phys. 75, 2042 (1994).
25. 2. J. Appl. Phys. 101, 093705 (2007).
26. 2 band structures. Phys. Rev. B 77, 195112 (2008).
27. 2-x. Phys. Rev. B 54, 7945 (1996).
28. 2 probed by THz time-domain spectroscopy. Phys. Rev. B 69, 081101(R) (2004).
29. Chambers, S. A. Epitaxial growth and properties of thin film oxides. Surf. Sci. Rep. 39, 105-180 (2000).
30. 2 on r-plane sapphire. J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A 27, 230-233 (2009).
31. 3. Philosph. Mag. A 82, 735-749 (2002).
32. 3. J. Crystal Growth 312, 149-153 (2009).
33. 3(001). Nanotechnol. 16, S18-S21 (2005).
34. 2(001): Reconstruction, atomic steps, and domains. Phys. Rev. B 63, 235402 (2001).
35. 2 anatase. Appl. Phys. Lett. 79, 3467-3469 (2001).
36. 3 substrates. J. Cryst. Growth 252, 333-342 (2003).
37. Jeong, B. S., Budai, J. D. & Norton, D. P. Epitaxial stabilization of single crystal anatase films via reactive sputter deposition. Thin Solid Films 422, 166-169 (2002).
38. 2 films by pulsed laser deposition technique. Thin Solid Films 401, 88-93 (2001).
39. 2(001) surface. Phys. Rev. Lett. 84, 3354-3357 (2000).
40. 2(001)-(1 x 4) surface. Phys. Rev. Lett. 87, 266105 (2001).
41. 2(011)-(2 x 1). Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 036104 (2004).
42. 2(011)(2 x 1). Phys. Rev. Lett. 101, 185501 (2008).
43. 2(011)-(2 x 1) leads to one-dimensional nanocluster formation. Phys. Rev. Lett. 108, 106105 (2012).
44. 2 nanosheets with dominant {001} facets. J. Amer. Chem. Soc. 131, 4078-4083 (2009).
45. 4 to engineer morphology, oxygen vacancy concentration, and photocatalytic activity. J. Amer. Chem. Soc. 134, 6751-6761 (2012).
46. Wu, B., Guo, C., Zheng, N., Xie, Z. & Stucky, G. D. Nonaqueous production of nanostructured anatase with high-energy facets. J. Amer. Chem. Soc. 130, 17563-17567 (2008).
47. Han, X., Kuang, Q., Jin, M., Xie, Z. & Zheng, L. Synthesis of titania nanosheets with a high percentage of exposed (001) facets and related photocatalytic properties. J. Amer. Chem. Soc. 131, 3152-3153 (2009).
48. 2 nanocrystals with exposed {001} facets. Nano Lett. 9, 2455-2459 (2009).
49. 2 crystals with exposed high-index facets. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 50, 3764-3768 (2011).
50. 2 Photocatalysis from Single-Molecule Imaging and Kinetic Analysis. J. Amer. Chem. Soc. 133, 7197-7204 (2011).
51. 2 Anatase Nanocrystals: A Probe To Evaluate the Role of Crystal Facets in Photocatalytic Processes. J. Amer. Chem. Soc. 133, 17652-17661 (2011).
52. 2 Crystal Facets for Enhanced Photocatalysis. ACS Nano 7, 2532-2540 (2013).
53. 2 with oxygen vacancies: synthesis, properties and photocatalytic applications. Nanoscale 5, 3601-3614 (2013).
54. 2 Bilayer Films. J. Phys. Chem. C 116, 25354-25361 (2012).
55. Chen, X. B., Liu, L., Yu, P. Y. & Mao, S. S. Increasing Solar Absorption for Photocatalysis with Black Hydrogenated Titanium Dioxide Nanocrystals. Science 331, 746-750 (2011).
56. 2 bilayer films: Effect of defects and their location. Langmuir 26, 9686-9694 (2010).
57. Radoicic, M. B. et al . The role of surface defect sites of titania nanoparticles in the photocatalysis: Aging and modification. Appl. Catal. B 138, 122-127 (2013).
58. 2 (rutile) surfaces in aqueous acidic solutions. J. Amer. Chem. Soc. 127, 12975-12983 (2005).
59. 2 film on step and terrace structured substrate. Appl. Surf. Sci. 238, 189-192 (2004).
60. 2. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 14, 3589-3595 (2012).