메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 27, Issue 7, 2014, Pages 885-896

Long-chain Omega-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid and blood pressure: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Author keywords

blood pressure; docosahexaenoic acid; eicosapentaenoic acid; fish oil; hypertension; meta analysis; omega 3; randomized controlled trials; systematic review

Indexed keywords

DOCOSAHEXAENOIC ACID; ICOSAPENTAENOIC ACID; LONG CHAIN FATTY ACID; OMEGA 3 FATTY ACID; PLACEBO;

EID: 84902507382     PISSN: 08957061     EISSN: 19417225     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/ajh/hpu024     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (257)

References (88)
  • 1
    • 79551710542 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vital signs: Prevalence, treatment, and control of hypertension-United States 1999-2002 and 2005-2008
    • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Vital signs: Prevalence, treatment, and control of hypertension-United States, 1999-2002 and 2005-2008. MMWR Morbid Mortal Wkly Rep 2011; 60:103-108.
    • (2011) MMWR Morbid Mortal Wkly Rep , vol.60 , pp. 103-108
  • 4
    • 84861177659 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Omega-3 fatty acids and blood pressure
    • Cabo J, Alonso R, Mata P. Omega-3 fatty acids and blood pressure. Br J Nutr 2012; 107:S195-S200.
    • (2012) Br J Nutr , vol.107
    • Cabo, J.1    Alonso, R.2    Mata, P.3
  • 5
    • 34447128568 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Meta-analysis of the effects of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on haematological and thrombogenic factors in type 2 diabetes
    • Hartweg J, Farmer AJ, Holman RR, Neil HAW. Meta-analysis of the effects of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on haematological and thrombogenic factors in type 2 diabetes. Diabetologia 2007; 50:250-258.
    • (2007) Diabetologia , vol.50 , pp. 250-258
    • Hartweg, J.1    Farmer, A.J.2    Holman, R.R.3    Neil, H.A.W.4
  • 6
    • 84866679179 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of fish oil supplementation on fasting vascular endothelial function in humans: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
    • Xin W, Wei W, Li X. Effect of fish oil supplementation on fasting vascular endothelial function in humans: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. PLoS One 2012; 7:e46028.
    • (2012) PLoS One , vol.7
    • Xin, W.1    Wei, W.2    Li, X.3
  • 7
    • 84870998885 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A systematic review of fish-oil supplements for the prevention and treatment of hypertension
    • Campbell F, Dickinson HO, Critchley JA, Ford GA, Bradburn M. A systematic review of fish-oil supplements for the prevention and treatment of hypertension. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2013; 20:107-120.
    • (2013) Eur J Prev Cardiol , vol.20 , pp. 107-120
    • Campbell, F.1    Dickinson, H.O.2    Critchley, J.A.3    Ford, G.A.4    Bradburn, M.5
  • 9
    • 0026530536 scopus 로고
    • The effects of nonpharmacologic interventions on blood pressure of persons with high normal levels. Results of the Trials of Hypertension Prevention, Phase i
    • Trials of Hypertension Prevention Collaborative Research Group (THPCRG)
    • Trials of Hypertension Prevention Collaborative Research Group (THPCRG). The effects of nonpharmacologic interventions on blood pressure of persons with high normal levels. Results of the Trials of Hypertension Prevention, Phase I. JAMA 1992; 267:1213-1220.
    • (1992) JAMA , vol.267 , pp. 1213-1220
  • 10
    • 84866294913 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase gene variants affect response to fish oil supplementation by healthy African Americans
    • Armstrong P, Kelley DS, Newman JW, Staggers FE Sr, Hartiala J, Allayee H, Stephensen CB. Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase gene variants affect response to fish oil supplementation by healthy African Americans. J Nutr 2012; 142:1417-1428.
    • (2012) J Nutr , vol.142 , pp. 1417-1428
    • Armstrong, P.1    Kelley, D.S.2    Newman, J.W.3    Staggers Sr., F.E.4    Hartiala, J.5    Allayee, H.6    Stephensen, C.B.7
  • 11
    • 84863993872 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of omega-3 on blood pressure and the relationship between serum visfatin level and blood pressure in patients with type II diabetes
    • Atar MJH, Hajianfar H, Bahonar A. The effects of omega-3 on blood pressure and the relationship between serum visfatin level and blood pressure in patients with type II diabetes. ARYA Atheroscler 2012; 8:27-31.
    • (2012) ARYA Atheroscler , vol.8 , pp. 27-31
    • Atar, M.J.H.1    Hajianfar, H.2    Bahonar, A.3
  • 12
    • 0024786983 scopus 로고
    • Effects of fish oil capsules in two dosages on blood pressure, platelet functions, haemorheological and clinical chemistry parameters in apparently healthy subjects
    • Bach R, Schmidt U, Jung F, Kiesewetter H, Hennen B, Wenzel E, Schieffer H, Bette L, Heyden S. Effects of fish oil capsules in two dosages on blood pressure, platelet functions, haemorheological and clinical chemistry parameters in apparently healthy subjects. Ann Nutr Metab 1989; 33:359-367.
    • (1989) Ann Nutr Metab , vol.33 , pp. 359-367
    • Bach, R.1    Schmidt, U.2    Jung, F.3    Kiesewetter, H.4    Hennen, B.5    Wenzel, E.6    Schieffer, H.7    Bette, L.8    Heyden, S.9
  • 13
    • 51749101297 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Flaxseed oil and fish-oil capsule consumption alters human red blood cell n-3 fatty acid composition: A multiple-dosing trial comparing 2 sources of n-3 fatty acid
    • Barcelo-Coblijn G, Murphy EJ, Othman R, Moghadasian MH, Kashour T, Friel JK. Flaxseed oil and fish-oil capsule consumption alters human red blood cell n-3 fatty acid composition: A multiple-dosing trial comparing 2 sources of n-3 fatty acid. Am J Clin Nutr 2008; 88:801-809.
    • (2008) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.88 , pp. 801-809
    • Barcelo-Coblijn, G.1    Murphy, E.J.2    Othman, R.3    Moghadasian, M.H.4    Kashour, T.5    Friel, J.K.6
  • 14
    • 0025308724 scopus 로고
    • Effect of eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids on blood pressure in hypertension. A population-based intervention trial from the Tromsø study
    • Bønaa KH, Bjerve KS, Straume B, Gram IT, Thelle D. Effect of eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids on blood pressure in hypertension. A population-based intervention trial from the Tromsø study. N Engl J Med 1990; 795-801.
    • (1990) N Engl J Med , pp. 795-801
    • Bønaa, K.H.1    Bjerve, K.S.2    Straume, B.3    Gram, I.T.4    Thelle, D.5
  • 15
    • 33845545300 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of long chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation on inflammation, insulin sensitivity and CVD risk in a group of overweight women with an inflammatory phenotype
    • Browning LM, Krebs JD, Moore CS, Mishra GD, O'Connell MA, Jebb SA. The impact of long chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation on inflammation, insulin sensitivity and CVD risk in a group of overweight women with an inflammatory phenotype. Diabetes Obes Metab 2007; 9:70-80.
    • (2007) Diabetes Obes Metab , vol.9 , pp. 70-80
    • Browning, L.M.1    Krebs, J.D.2    Moore, C.S.3    Mishra, G.D.4    O'Connell, M.A.5    Jebb, S.A.6
  • 16
    • 84995350666 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DHA-rich fish oil lowers heart rate during submaximal exercise in elite Australian Rules footballers
    • Buckley JD, Burgess S, Murphy KJ, Howe PRC. DHA-rich fish oil lowers heart rate during submaximal exercise in elite Australian Rules footballers. J Sci Med Sport 2009; 12:503-507.
    • (2009) J Sci Med Sport , vol.12 , pp. 503-507
    • Buckley, J.D.1    Burgess, S.2    Murphy, K.J.3    Howe, P.R.C.4
  • 19
    • 0027434553 scopus 로고
    • Marine oils dose-dependently inhibit vasoconstriction of forearm resistance vessels in humans
    • Chin JP, Gust AP, Nestel PJ, Dart AM. Marine oils dose-dependently inhibit vasoconstriction of forearm resistance vessels in humans. Hypertension 1993; 21:22-28.
    • (1993) Hypertension , vol.21 , pp. 22-28
    • Chin, J.P.1    Gust, A.P.2    Nestel, P.J.3    Dart, A.M.4
  • 20
    • 0025868972 scopus 로고
    • Lipid, lipoprotein, and hemostatic effects of fish vs fish-oil n-3 fatty acids in mildly hyperlipidemic males
    • Cobiac L, Clifton PM, Abbey M, Belling GB, Nestel PJ. Lipid, lipoprotein, and hemostatic effects of fish vs fish-oil n-3 fatty acids in mildly hyperlipidemic males. Am J Clin Nutr 1991; 53:1210-1216.
    • (1991) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.53 , pp. 1210-1216
    • Cobiac, L.1    Clifton, P.M.2    Abbey, M.3    Belling, G.B.4    Nestel, P.J.5
  • 21
    • 0032710685 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of supplementation with dietary seal oil on selected cardiovascular risk factors and hemostatic variables in healthy male subjects
    • Conquer JA, Cheryk LA, Chan E, Gentry PA, Holub BJ. Effect of supplementation with dietary seal oil on selected cardiovascular risk factors and hemostatic variables in healthy male subjects. Thromb Res 1999; 96:239-250.
    • (1999) Thromb Res , vol.96 , pp. 239-250
    • Conquer, J.A.1    Cheryk, L.A.2    Chan, E.3    Gentry, P.A.4    Holub, B.J.5
  • 22
    • 0025019320 scopus 로고
    • Functions and tocopherol content of blood platelets from elderly people after low intake of purified eicosapentaenoic acid
    • Croset M, Vericel E, Rigaud M, Hanss M, Courpron P, Dechavanne M, Lagarde M. Functions and tocopherol content of blood platelets from elderly people after low intake of purified eicosapentaenoic acid. Thromb Res 1990; 57:1-12.
    • (1990) Thromb Res , vol.57 , pp. 1-12
    • Croset, M.1    Vericel, E.2    Rigaud, M.3    Hanss, M.4    Courpron, P.5    Dechavanne, M.6    Lagarde, M.7
  • 24
    • 84870294666 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of n-3 PUFAs on postprandial variation of metalloproteinases, and inflammatory and insulin resistance parameters in dyslipidemic patients: Evaluation with euglycemic clamp and oral fat load
    • Derosa G, Cicero AFG, Fogari E, D'Angelo A, Bonaventura A, Romano D, Maffioli P. Effects of n-3 PUFAs on postprandial variation of metalloproteinases, and inflammatory and insulin resistance parameters in dyslipidemic patients: Evaluation with euglycemic clamp and oral fat load. J Clin Lipid 2012; 6:553-564.
    • (2012) J Clin Lipid , vol.6 , pp. 553-564
    • Derosa, G.1    Cicero, A.F.G.2    Fogari, E.3    D'Angelo, A.4    Bonaventura, A.5    Romano, D.6    Maffioli, P.7
  • 26
    • 0026676051 scopus 로고
    • Influence of supplementation with N-3 fatty acids on different coronary risk factors in men-a placebo controlled study
    • Deslypere JP. Influence of supplementation with N-3 fatty acids on different coronary risk factors in men-a placebo controlled study. Verh K Acad Geneeskd Belg 1992; 54:189-216.
    • (1992) Verh K Acad Geneeskd Belg , vol.54 , pp. 189-216
    • Deslypere, J.P.1
  • 27
    • 84855528439 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low-and highdose plant and marine (n-3) fatty acids do not affect plasma inflammatory markers in adults with metabolic syndrome
    • Dewell A, Marvasti FF, Harris WS, Tsao P, Gardner CD. Low-and highdose plant and marine (n-3) fatty acids do not affect plasma inflammatory markers in adults with metabolic syndrome. J Nutr 2011; 141:2166-2171.
    • (2011) J Nutr , vol.141 , pp. 2166-2171
    • Dewell, A.1    Marvasti, F.F.2    Harris, W.S.3    Tsao, P.4    Gardner, C.D.5
  • 29
    • 0037394133 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plant-and marine-derived n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids have differential effects on fasting and postprandial blood lipid concentrations and on the susceptibility of LDL to oxidative modification in moderately hyperlipidemic subjects
    • Finnegan YE, Minihane AM, Leigh-Firbank EC, Kew S, Meijer GW, Muggli R, Calder PC, Williams CM. Plant-and marine-derived n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids have differential effects on fasting and postprandial blood lipid concentrations and on the susceptibility of LDL to oxidative modification in moderately hyperlipidemic subjects. Am J Clin Nutr 2003; 77:783-795.
    • (2003) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.77 , pp. 783-795
    • Finnegan, Y.E.1    Minihane, A.M.2    Leigh-Firbank, E.C.3    Kew, S.4    Meijer, G.W.5    Muggli, R.6    Calder, P.C.7    Williams, C.M.8
  • 31
    • 0043287313 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of n-3 fatty acids on heart rate variability and baroreflex sensitivity in middle-aged subjects
    • Geelen A, Zock PL, Swenne CA, Brouwer IA, Schouten EG, Katan MB. Effect of n-3 fatty acids on heart rate variability and baroreflex sensitivity in middle-aged subjects. Am Heart J 2003; 146:E4.
    • (2003) Am Heart J , vol.146
    • Geelen, A.1    Zock, P.L.2    Swenne, C.A.3    Brouwer, I.A.4    Schouten, E.G.5    Katan, M.B.6
  • 32
    • 84155164037 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preliminary evidence that acute long-chain omega-3 supplementation reduces cardiovascular reactivity to mental stress: A randomized and placebo controlled trial
    • Ginty AT, Conklin SM. Preliminary evidence that acute long-chain omega-3 supplementation reduces cardiovascular reactivity to mental stress: A randomized and placebo controlled trial. Biol Psychol 2012; 89:269-272.
    • (2012) Biol Psychol , vol.89 , pp. 269-272
    • Ginty, A.T.1    Conklin, S.M.2
  • 33
    • 0031801260 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of highly purified eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid on hemodynamics in humans
    • Grimsgaard S, Bonaa KH, Hansen JB, Myhre ES. Effects of highly purified eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid on hemodynamics in humans. Am J Clin Nutr 1998; 68:52-59.
    • (1998) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.68 , pp. 52-59
    • Grimsgaard, S.1    Bonaa, K.H.2    Hansen, J.B.3    Myhre, E.S.4
  • 34
    • 0029961071 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Moderate amounts of n-3 fatty acid enriched seafood products are effective in lowering serum triglycerides and blood pressure in healthy subjects
    • Gustafsson IB, Ohrvall M, Ekstrand B, Vessby B. Moderate amounts of n-3 fatty acid enriched seafood products are effective in lowering serum triglycerides and blood pressure in healthy subjects. J Hum Nutr Diet 1996; 9:135-145.
    • (1996) J Hum Nutr Diet , vol.9 , pp. 135-145
    • Gustafsson, I.B.1    Ohrvall, M.2    Ekstrand, B.3    Vessby, B.4
  • 37
    • 0027260277 scopus 로고
    • Effects on fibrinolytic activity of corn oil and a fish oil preparation enriched with omega-3-polyunsaturated fatty acids in a long-term study
    • Hellsten G, Boman K, Saarem K, Hallmans G, Nilsson TK. Effects on fibrinolytic activity of corn oil and a fish oil preparation enriched with omega-3-polyunsaturated fatty acids in a long-term study. Curr Med Res Opin 1993; 13:133-139.
    • (1993) Curr Med Res Opin , vol.13 , pp. 133-139
    • Hellsten, G.1    Boman, K.2    Saarem, K.3    Hallmans, G.4    Nilsson, T.K.5
  • 38
    • 84950170958 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Combining fish-oil supplements with regular aerobic exercise improves body composition and cardiovascular disease risk factors
    • Hill AM, Buckley JD, Murphy KJ, Howe PRC. Combining fish-oil supplements with regular aerobic exercise improves body composition and cardiovascular disease risk factors. Am J Clin Nutr 2007; 85:1267-1274.
    • (2007) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.85 , pp. 1267-1274
    • Hill, A.M.1    Buckley, J.D.2    Murphy, K.J.3    Howe, P.R.C.4
  • 40
    • 34547879709 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Docosahexaenoic acid supplementation improves fasting and postprandial lipid profiles in hypertriglyceridemic men
    • Kelley DS, Siegel D, Vemuri M, Mackey BE. Docosahexaenoic acid supplementation improves fasting and postprandial lipid profiles in hypertriglyceridemic men. Am J Clin Nutr 2007; 86:324-333.
    • (2007) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.86 , pp. 324-333
    • Kelley, D.S.1    Siegel, D.2    Vemuri, M.3    MacKey, B.E.4
  • 41
    • 0024582271 scopus 로고
    • The antihypertensive effects of fish oil. A controlled study of polyunsaturated fatty acid supplements in essential hypertension
    • Knapp HR, FitzGerald GA. The antihypertensive effects of fish oil. A controlled study of polyunsaturated fatty acid supplements in essential hypertension. N Engl J Med 1989; 320:1037-1043.
    • (1989) N Engl J Med , vol.320 , pp. 1037-1043
    • Knapp, H.R.1    Fitzgerald, G.A.2
  • 42
    • 0027457598 scopus 로고
    • Effects of fish oil, nifedipine and their combination on blood pressure and lipids in primary hypertension
    • Landmark K, Thaulow E, Hysing J, Mundal HH, Eritsland J, Hjermann I. Effects of fish oil, nifedipine and their combination on blood pressure and lipids in primary hypertension. J Hum Hypertens 1993; 7:25-32.
    • (1993) J Hum Hypertens , vol.7 , pp. 25-32
    • Landmark, K.1    Thaulow, E.2    Hysing, J.3    Mundal, H.H.4    Eritsland, J.5    Hjermann, I.6
  • 46
    • 70350088425 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Krill oil supplementation increases plasma concentrations of eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids in overweight and obese men and women
    • Maki KC, Reeves MS, Farmer M, Griinari M, Berge K, Vik H, Hubacher R, Rains TM. Krill oil supplementation increases plasma concentrations of eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids in overweight and obese men and women. Nutr Res 2009; 29:609-615.
    • (2009) Nutr Res , vol.29 , pp. 609-615
    • Maki, K.C.1    Reeves, M.S.2    Farmer, M.3    Griinari, M.4    Berge, K.5    Vik, H.6    Hubacher, R.7    Rains, T.M.8
  • 48
    • 0024453590 scopus 로고
    • Effect of fish oil on blood pressure and blood lipids in men with mild to moderate hypertension
    • Meland E, Fugelli P, Laerum E, Ronneberg R, Sandvik L. Effect of fish oil on blood pressure and blood lipids in men with mild to moderate hypertension. Scand J Prim Health Care 1989; 7:131-135.
    • (1989) Scand J Prim Health Care , vol.7 , pp. 131-135
    • Meland, E.1    Fugelli, P.2    Laerum, E.3    Ronneberg, R.4    Sandvik, L.5
  • 49
    • 0025608506 scopus 로고
    • Alteration of baroreflex control of forearm vascular resistance by dietary fatty acids
    • Mills DE, Mah M, Ward RP, Morris BL, Floras JS. Alteration of baroreflex control of forearm vascular resistance by dietary fatty acids. Amer J Physiol 1990; 259:R1164-R1171.
    • (1990) Amer J Physiol , vol.259
    • Mills, D.E.1    Mah, M.2    Ward, R.P.3    Morris, B.L.4    Floras, J.S.5
  • 50
    • 0024412471 scopus 로고
    • Dietary fatty acid supplementation alters stress reactivity and performance in man
    • Mills DE, Prkachin KM, Harvey KA, Ward RP. Dietary fatty acid supplementation alters stress reactivity and performance in man. J Hum Hypertens 1989; 3:111-116.
    • (1989) J Hum Hypertens , vol.3 , pp. 111-116
    • Mills, D.E.1    Prkachin, K.M.2    Harvey, K.A.3    Ward, R.P.4
  • 51
    • 7244224784 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation augments sympathetic nerve activity responses to physiological stressors in humans
    • Monahan KD, Wilson TE, Ray CA. Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation augments sympathetic nerve activity responses to physiological stressors in humans. Hypertension 2004; 44:732-738.
    • (2004) Hypertension , vol.44 , pp. 732-738
    • Monahan, K.D.1    Wilson, T.E.2    Ray, C.A.3
  • 52
    • 0032858328 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Docosahexaenoic acid but not eicosapentaenoic acid lowers ambulatory blood pressure and heart rate in humans
    • Mori TA, Bao DQ, Burke V, Puddey IB, Beilin LJ. Docosahexaenoic acid but not eicosapentaenoic acid lowers ambulatory blood pressure and heart rate in humans. Hypertension 1999; 34:253-260.
    • (1999) Hypertension , vol.34 , pp. 253-260
    • Mori, T.A.1    Bao, D.Q.2    Burke, V.3    Puddey, I.B.4    Beilin, L.J.5
  • 53
    • 0020571986 scopus 로고
    • The effect of N-6 and N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on hemostasis, blood lipids and blood pressure
    • Mortensen JZ, Schmidt EB, Nielsen AH, Dyerberg J. The effect of N-6 and N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on hemostasis, blood lipids and blood pressure. Thromb Haemost 1983; 50:543-546.
    • (1983) Thromb Haemost , vol.50 , pp. 543-546
    • Mortensen, J.Z.1    Schmidt, E.B.2    Nielsen, A.H.3    Dyerberg, J.4
  • 54
    • 0027486673 scopus 로고
    • The effect of N-3 fatty acids and nifedipine on platelet function in hypertensive males
    • Mundal HH, Gjesdal K, Landmark K. The effect of N-3 fatty acids and nifedipine on platelet function in hypertensive males. Thromb Res 1993; 72:257-262.
    • (1993) Thromb Res , vol.72 , pp. 257-262
    • Mundal, H.H.1    Gjesdal, K.2    Landmark, K.3
  • 57
    • 0036075998 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The n-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid increase systemic arterial compliance in humans
    • Nestel P, Shige H, Pomeroy S, Cehun M, Abbey M, Raederstorff D. The n-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid increase systemic arterial compliance in humans. Am J Clin Nutr 2002; 76:326-330.
    • (2002) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.76 , pp. 326-330
    • Nestel, P.1    Shige, H.2    Pomeroy, S.3    Cehun, M.4    Abbey, M.5    Raederstorff, D.6
  • 58
    • 0142036925 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of atorvastatin and omega-3 fatty acids on LDL subfractions and postprandial hyperlipemia in patients with combined hyperlipemia
    • Nordoy A, Hansen JB, Brox J, Svensson B. Effects of atorvastatin and omega-3 fatty acids on LDL subfractions and postprandial hyperlipemia in patients with combined hyperlipemia. Nutr Metab Cardiovas 2001; 11:7-16.
    • (2001) Nutr Metab Cardiovas , vol.11 , pp. 7-16
    • Nordoy, A.1    Hansen, J.B.2    Brox, J.3    Svensson, B.4
  • 59
    • 84872875489 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of supplemental fish oil on blood pressure and morning cortisol in normotensive adults: A pilot study
    • Noreen EE, Brandauer J. The effects of supplemental fish oil on blood pressure and morning cortisol in normotensive adults: A pilot study. J Compl Integr Med 2012; 9:1-16.
    • (2012) J Compl Integr Med , vol.9 , pp. 1-16
    • Noreen, E.E.1    Brandauer, J.2
  • 60
    • 0027317459 scopus 로고
    • Different effects of eicosapentaenoic acid and olive oil on blood pressure, intracellular free platelet calcium, and plasma lipids in patients with essential hypertension
    • Passfall J, Philipp T, Woermann F, Quass P, Thiede M, Haller H. Different effects of eicosapentaenoic acid and olive oil on blood pressure, intracellular free platelet calcium, and plasma lipids in patients with essential hypertension. Clin Investigator 1993; 71:628-633.
    • (1993) Clin Investigator , vol.71 , pp. 628-633
    • Passfall, J.1    Philipp, T.2    Woermann, F.3    Quass, P.4    Thiede, M.5    Haller, H.6
  • 62
    • 0025735676 scopus 로고
    • The effects of low doses of n-3 fatty acid supplementation on blood pressure in hypertensive subjects. A randomized controlled trial
    • Radack K, Deck C, Huster G. The effects of low doses of n-3 fatty acid supplementation on blood pressure in hypertensive subjects. A randomized controlled trial. Arch Intern Med 1991; 151:1173-1180.
    • (1991) Arch Intern Med , vol.151 , pp. 1173-1180
    • Radack, K.1    Deck, C.2    Huster, G.3
  • 63
    • 73449146998 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Moderate consumption of fatty fish reduces diastolic blood pressure in overweight and obese European young adults during energy restriction
    • Ramel A, Martinez JA, Kiely M, Bandarra NM, Thorsdottir I. Moderate consumption of fatty fish reduces diastolic blood pressure in overweight and obese European young adults during energy restriction. Nutrition 2010; 26:168-174.
    • (2010) Nutrition , vol.26 , pp. 168-174
    • Ramel, A.1    Martinez, J.A.2    Kiely, M.3    Bandarra, N.M.4    Thorsdottir, I.5
  • 64
    • 0025252977 scopus 로고
    • Unresponsiveness of forearm hemodynamics to omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and aspirin
    • Ryu J, Lerner J, Sullivan JM. Unresponsiveness of forearm hemodynamics to omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and aspirin. Prostaglandins 1990; 39:339-347.
    • (1990) Prostaglandins , vol.39 , pp. 339-347
    • Ryu, J.1    Lerner, J.2    Sullivan, J.M.3
  • 65
    • 84862821916 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of docosahexaenoic acid supplementation on blood pressure, heart rate, and serum lipids in scottish men with hypertension and hypercholesterolemia
    • Sagara M, Njelekela M, Teramoto T, Taguchi T, Mori M, Armitage L, Birt N, Birt C, Yamori Y. Effects of docosahexaenoic acid supplementation on blood pressure, heart rate, and serum lipids in scottish men with hypertension and hypercholesterolemia. Int J Hypertens 2011; 2011:1-7.
    • (2011) Int J Hypertens , vol.2011 , pp. 1-7
    • Sagara, M.1    Njelekela, M.2    Teramoto, T.3    Taguchi, T.4    Mori, M.5    Armitage, L.6    Birt, N.7    Birt, C.8    Yamori, Y.9
  • 66
    • 33645534838 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of an algal triacylglycerol containing docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3) and docosapentaenoic acid (22:5n-6) on cardiovascular risk factors in healthy men and women
    • Sanders TA, Gleason K, Griffin B, Miller GJ. Influence of an algal triacylglycerol containing docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3) and docosapentaenoic acid (22:5n-6) on cardiovascular risk factors in healthy men and women. Br J Nutr 2006; 95:525-531.
    • (2006) Br J Nutr , vol.95 , pp. 525-531
    • Sanders, T.A.1    Gleason, K.2    Griffin, B.3    Miller, G.J.4
  • 67
    • 84950170870 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dose-dependent increases in heart rate variability and arterial compliance in overweight and obese adults with DHA-rich fish oil supplementation
    • Sjoberg NJ, Milte CM, Buckley JD, Howe PRC, Coates AM, Saint DA. Dose-dependent increases in heart rate variability and arterial compliance in overweight and obese adults with DHA-rich fish oil supplementation. Br J Nutr 2010; 103:243-248.
    • (2010) Br J Nutr , vol.103 , pp. 243-248
    • Sjoberg, N.J.1    Milte, C.M.2    Buckley, J.D.3    Howe, P.R.C.4    Coates, A.M.5    Saint, D.A.6
  • 68
    • 2442445051 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential eicosapentaenoic acid elevations and altered cardiovascular disease risk factor responses after supplementation with docosahexaenoic acid in postmenopausal women recieving and not receiving hormon replacement therapy
    • Stark KD, Holub BJ. Differential eicosapentaenoic acid elevations and altered cardiovascular disease risk factor responses after supplementation with docosahexaenoic acid in postmenopausal women recieving and not receiving hormon replacement therapy. Am J Clin Nutr 2004; 79:765-773.
    • (2004) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.79 , pp. 765-773
    • Stark, K.D.1    Holub, B.J.2
  • 71
    • 0028788418 scopus 로고
    • Effects of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on glucose homeostasis and blood pressure in essential hypertension A randomized, controlled trial
    • Toft I, Bonaa KH, Ingebretsen OC, Nordoy A, Jenssen T. Effects of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on glucose homeostasis and blood pressure in essential hypertension. A randomized, controlled trial. Ann Intern Med 1995; 123:911-918.
    • (1995) Ann Intern Med , vol.123 , pp. 911-918
    • Toft, I.1    Bonaa, K.H.2    Ingebretsen, O.C.3    Nordoy, A.4    Jenssen, T.5
  • 72
    • 79959582435 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Safety of phosphatidylserine containing omega-3 fatty acids in non-demented elderly: A double-blind placebo-controlled trial followed by an openlabel extension
    • Vakhapova V, Richter Y, Cohen T, Herzog Y, Korczyn AD. Safety of phosphatidylserine containing omega-3 fatty acids in non-demented elderly: A double-blind placebo-controlled trial followed by an openlabel extension. BMC Neurol 2011; 11:79.
    • (2011) BMC Neurol , vol.11 , pp. 79
    • Vakhapova, V.1    Richter, Y.2    Cohen, T.3    Herzog, Y.4    Korczyn, A.D.5
  • 73
    • 0027200628 scopus 로고
    • Effects on blood pressure of omega 3 fats in subjects at increased risk of cardiovascular disease
    • Vandongen R, Mori TA, Burke V, Beilin LJ, Morris J, Ritchie J. Effects on blood pressure of omega 3 fats in subjects at increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Hypertension 1993; 22:371-379.
    • (1993) Hypertension , vol.22 , pp. 371-379
    • Vandongen, R.1    Mori, T.A.2    Burke, V.3    Beilin, L.J.4    Morris, J.5    Ritchie, J.6
  • 74
    • 0344117837 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The influence of low intake of n-3 fatty acids on platelets in elderly people
    • Vericel E, Calzada C, Chapuy P, Lagarde M. The influence of low intake of n-3 fatty acids on platelets in elderly people. Atherosclerosis 1999; 147:187-192.
    • (1999) Atherosclerosis , vol.147 , pp. 187-192
    • Vericel, E.1    Calzada, C.2    Chapuy, P.3    Lagarde, M.4
  • 75
    • 0023506113 scopus 로고
    • Effect of a moderate fish intake on blood pressure, bleeding time, hematology, and clincical chemistry in healthy males
    • von Houwelingen R, Nordoy A, van der Beek E, Houtsmuller U, de Metz M, Hornstra G. Effect of a moderate fish intake on blood pressure, bleeding time, hematology, and clincical chemistry in healthy males. Am J Clin Nutr 1987; 46:424-436.
    • (1987) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.46 , pp. 424-436
    • Von Houwelingen, R.1    Nordoy, A.2    Van Der Beek, E.3    Houtsmuller, U.4    De Metz, M.5    Hornstra, G.6
  • 76
    • 51749094610 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation enhances stroke volume and cardiac output during dynamic exercise
    • Walser B, Stebbins CL. Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation enhances stroke volume and cardiac output during dynamic exercise. Eur J Appl Physiol 2008; 104:455-461.
    • (2008) Eur J Appl Physiol , vol.104 , pp. 455-461
    • Walser, B.1    Stebbins, C.L.2
  • 77
    • 57449094781 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fish oil supplementation improves large arterial elasticity in overweight hypertensive patients
    • Wang S, Ma AQ, Song SW, Quan QH, Zhao XF, Zheng XH. Fish oil supplementation improves large arterial elasticity in overweight hypertensive patients. Eur J Clin Nutr 2008; 62:1426-1431.
    • (2008) Eur J Clin Nutr , vol.62 , pp. 1426-1431
    • Wang, S.1    Ma, A.Q.2    Song, S.W.3    Quan, Q.H.4    Zhao, X.F.5    Zheng, X.H.6
  • 78
    • 66849087475 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Herring (Clupea harengus) intake influences lipoproteins but not inflammatory and oxidation markers in overweight men
    • Lindqvist HM, Langkilde AM, Undeland I, Sandberg AS. Herring (Clupea harengus) intake influences lipoproteins but not inflammatory and oxidation markers in overweight men. Br J Nutr 2009; 101:383-390.
    • (2009) Br J Nutr , vol.101 , pp. 383-390
    • Lindqvist, H.M.1    Langkilde, A.M.2    Undeland, I.3    Sandberg, A.S.4
  • 80
    • 0027284492 scopus 로고
    • Does fish oil lower blood pressure A meta-analysis of controlled trials
    • Morris MC, Sacks F, Rosner B. Does fish oil lower blood pressure A meta-analysis of controlled trials. Circulation 1993; 88:523-533.
    • (1993) Circulation , vol.88 , pp. 523-533
    • Morris, M.C.1    Sacks, F.2    Rosner, B.3
  • 81
    • 0036668195 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Blood pressure response to fish oil supplementation: Metaregression analysis of randomized trials
    • Geleijnse JM, Giltay EJ, Grobbee DE, Donders AR, Kok FJ. Blood pressure response to fish oil supplementation: Metaregression analysis of randomized trials. J Hypertens 2002; 20:1493-1499.
    • (2002) J Hypertens , vol.20 , pp. 1493-1499
    • Geleijnse, J.M.1    Giltay, E.J.2    Grobbee, D.E.3    Donders, A.R.4    Kok, F.J.5
  • 82
    • 34548709742 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fish, n-3 fatty acids, and cardiovascular haemodynamics
    • Mozaffarian D. Fish, n-3 fatty acids, and cardiovascular haemodynamics. J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown) 2007; 8:S23-S26.
    • (2007) J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown) , vol.8
    • Mozaffarian, D.1
  • 83
    • 84862829128 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of omega-3 fatty acids supplementation on endothelial function: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
    • Wang Q, Liang X, Wang L, Lu X, Huang J, Cao J, Li H, Gu D. Effect of omega-3 fatty acids supplementation on endothelial function: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Atherosclerosis 2012; 221:536-543.
    • (2012) Atherosclerosis , vol.221 , pp. 536-543
    • Wang, Q.1    Liang, X.2    Wang, L.3    Lu, X.4    Huang, J.5    Cao, J.6    Li, H.7    Gu, D.8
  • 84
    • 79952036742 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of n-3 fatty acids on endothelial function: Results from human interventions studies
    • Egert S, Stehle P. Impact of n-3 fatty acids on endothelial function: Results from human interventions studies. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2011; 14:121-131.
    • (2011) Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care , vol.14 , pp. 121-131
    • Egert, S.1    Stehle, P.2
  • 85
    • 67650655670 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ASH position paper: Dietary approaches to lower blood pressure
    • American Society of Hypertension Writing Group, Giles TD, Black HR, Izzo JL Jr, Materson BJ, Oparil S, Weber MA
    • Appel LJ, American Society of Hypertension Writing Group, Giles TD, Black HR, Izzo JL Jr, Materson BJ, Oparil S, Weber MA. ASH position paper: Dietary approaches to lower blood pressure. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2009; 11:358-368.
    • (2009) J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) , vol.11 , pp. 358-368
    • Appel, L.J.1
  • 86
    • 0027233392 scopus 로고
    • Does supplementation of diet with fish oil reduce blood pressure A meta-analysis of controlled clinical trials
    • Appel LJ, Miller ER 3rd, Seidler AJ, Whelton PK. Does supplementation of diet with "fish oil" reduce blood pressure A meta-analysis of controlled clinical trials. Arch Intern Med 1993; 153:1429-1438.
    • (1993) Arch Intern Med , vol.153 , pp. 1429-1438
    • Appel, L.J.1    Miller III, E.R.2    Seidler, A.J.3    Whelton, P.K.4
  • 87
    • 79951741219 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The benefits of fish consumption
    • Ruxton CHS. The benefits of fish consumption. Nutr Bull 2011; 36:6-19.
    • (2011) Nutr Bull , vol.36 , pp. 6-19
    • Ruxton, C.H.S.1
  • 88
    • 84857660213 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oily fish consumption in young adults: Current intakes, knowledge, barriers and motivations
    • Adophus K, Biac S. Oily fish consumption in young adults: Current intakes, knowledge, barriers and motivations. J Hum Nutr Diet 2011; 24:375.
    • (2011) J Hum Nutr Diet , vol.24 , pp. 375
    • Adophus, K.1    Biac, S.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.