메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 43, Issue 2, 2014, Pages 517-528

Thyroid disease and the cardiovascular system

Author keywords

Cardiac myocyte; Heart; Hyperthyroidism; Hypothyroidism; Subclinical; Thyroid hormone; Triiodothyronine

Indexed keywords

AMIODARONE; LIOTHYRONINE; THYROID HORMONE; THYRONINE; THYROXINE;

EID: 84901496993     PISSN: 08898529     EISSN: 15584410     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ecl.2014.02.005     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (98)

References (60)
  • 1
    • 35148895083 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thyroid disease and the heart
    • Klein I., Danzi S. Thyroid disease and the heart. Circulation 2007, 116:1725-1735.
    • (2007) Circulation , vol.116 , pp. 1725-1735
    • Klein, I.1    Danzi, S.2
  • 2
    • 25144509449 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of type 1 iodothyronine deiodinase in health and disease
    • Koenig R.J. Regulation of type 1 iodothyronine deiodinase in health and disease. Thyroid 2005, 15:835-840.
    • (2005) Thyroid , vol.15 , pp. 835-840
    • Koenig, R.J.1
  • 3
    • 33749431724 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Deiodinases: implications of the local control of thyroid hormone action
    • Bianco A.C., Kim B.W. Deiodinases: implications of the local control of thyroid hormone action. J Clin Invest 2006, 116:2571-2579.
    • (2006) J Clin Invest , vol.116 , pp. 2571-2579
    • Bianco, A.C.1    Kim, B.W.2
  • 4
    • 33745175571 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Induction of type 1 iodothyronine deiodinase to prevent the nonthyroidal illness syndrome in mice
    • Yu J., Koenig R.J. Induction of type 1 iodothyronine deiodinase to prevent the nonthyroidal illness syndrome in mice. Endocrinology 2006, 147:3580-3585.
    • (2006) Endocrinology , vol.147 , pp. 3580-3585
    • Yu, J.1    Koenig, R.J.2
  • 5
    • 0036018267 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nongenomic actions of thyroid hormone on the heart
    • Davis P.J., Davis F.B. Nongenomic actions of thyroid hormone on the heart. Thyroid 2002, 12:459-466.
    • (2002) Thyroid , vol.12 , pp. 459-466
    • Davis, P.J.1    Davis, F.B.2
  • 6
    • 0036018269 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cellular action of thyroid hormone on the heart
    • Dillmann W.H. Cellular action of thyroid hormone on the heart. Thyroid 2002, 12:447-452.
    • (2002) Thyroid , vol.12 , pp. 447-452
    • Dillmann, W.H.1
  • 7
    • 14744305751 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of triiodothyronine on gene transcription during cardiopulmonary bypass in infants with ventricular septal defect
    • Danzi S., Klein I., Portman M.A. Effect of triiodothyronine on gene transcription during cardiopulmonary bypass in infants with ventricular septal defect. Am J Cardiol 2005, 95:787-789.
    • (2005) Am J Cardiol , vol.95 , pp. 787-789
    • Danzi, S.1    Klein, I.2    Portman, M.A.3
  • 8
    • 0037767306 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Triiodothyronine mediated myosin heavy chain gene transcription in the heart
    • Danzi S., Ojamaa K., Klein I. Triiodothyronine mediated myosin heavy chain gene transcription in the heart. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2003, 284:H2255-H2263.
    • (2003) Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol , vol.284
    • Danzi, S.1    Ojamaa, K.2    Klein, I.3
  • 9
    • 84886402422 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Allosteric regulation of SERCA by phosphorylation-mediated conformational shift of phospholamban
    • Gustavsson M., Verardi R., Mullen D.G., et al. Allosteric regulation of SERCA by phosphorylation-mediated conformational shift of phospholamban. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2013, 110:17338-17343.
    • (2013) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.110 , pp. 17338-17343
    • Gustavsson, M.1    Verardi, R.2    Mullen, D.G.3
  • 10
    • 0034455302 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thyroid hormone regulation of phospholamban phosphorylation in the rat heart
    • Ojamaa K., Kenessey A., Klein I. Thyroid hormone regulation of phospholamban phosphorylation in the rat heart. Endocrinology 2000, 141:2139-2144.
    • (2000) Endocrinology , vol.141 , pp. 2139-2144
    • Ojamaa, K.1    Kenessey, A.2    Klein, I.3
  • 11
    • 80054875997 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiac specific effects of thyroid hormone analogues
    • Danzi S., Klein I. Cardiac specific effects of thyroid hormone analogues. Horm Metab Res 2011, 43:1-6.
    • (2011) Horm Metab Res , vol.43 , pp. 1-6
    • Danzi, S.1    Klein, I.2
  • 12
    • 77949349469 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of the thyroid hormone analogue eprotirome in statin-treated dyslipidemia
    • Ladenson P.W., Kristensen J.D., Ridgway E.C., et al. Use of the thyroid hormone analogue eprotirome in statin-treated dyslipidemia. N Engl J Med 2010, 362:906-916.
    • (2010) N Engl J Med , vol.362 , pp. 906-916
    • Ladenson, P.W.1    Kristensen, J.D.2    Ridgway, E.C.3
  • 13
    • 0035864975 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thyroid hormone and the cardiovascular system
    • Klein I., Ojamaa K. Thyroid hormone and the cardiovascular system. N Engl J Med 2001, 344:501-509.
    • (2001) N Engl J Med , vol.344 , pp. 501-509
    • Klein, I.1    Ojamaa, K.2
  • 14
    • 0037925438 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Laboratory medicine practice guidelines: laboratory support for the diagnosis and monitoring of thyroid disease
    • Demers L.M., Spencer C.A. Laboratory medicine practice guidelines: laboratory support for the diagnosis and monitoring of thyroid disease. Thyroid 2003, 13:3-126.
    • (2003) Thyroid , vol.13 , pp. 3-126
    • Demers, L.M.1    Spencer, C.A.2
  • 15
    • 84883066270 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thyroid hormone levels within the reference range are associated with heart rate, cardiac structure, and function in middle-aged men and women
    • Roef G.L., Taes Y.E., Kaufman J.M., et al. Thyroid hormone levels within the reference range are associated with heart rate, cardiac structure, and function in middle-aged men and women. Thyroid 2013, 23:947-954.
    • (2013) Thyroid , vol.23 , pp. 947-954
    • Roef, G.L.1    Taes, Y.E.2    Kaufman, J.M.3
  • 16
    • 84862758359 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association of Serum Triiodothyronine with B-type natriuretic peptide and severe left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
    • Selvaraj S., Klein I., Danzi S., et al. Association of Serum Triiodothyronine with B-type natriuretic peptide and severe left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Am J Cardiol 2012, 110:234-239.
    • (2012) Am J Cardiol , vol.110 , pp. 234-239
    • Selvaraj, S.1    Klein, I.2    Danzi, S.3
  • 17
    • 78650916392 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Minireview: thyroid hormone transporters: the knowns and the unknowns
    • Visser W.E., Friesema E.C., Visser T.J. Minireview: thyroid hormone transporters: the knowns and the unknowns. Mol Endocrinol 2011, 25:1-14.
    • (2011) Mol Endocrinol , vol.25 , pp. 1-14
    • Visser, W.E.1    Friesema, E.C.2    Visser, T.J.3
  • 18
    • 44649089035 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effective cellular uptake and efflux of thyroid hormone by human monocarboxylate transporter 10
    • Friesema E.C., Jansen J., Jachtenberg J.W., et al. Effective cellular uptake and efflux of thyroid hormone by human monocarboxylate transporter 10. Mol Endocrinol 2008, 22:1357-1369.
    • (2008) Mol Endocrinol , vol.22 , pp. 1357-1369
    • Friesema, E.C.1    Jansen, J.2    Jachtenberg, J.W.3
  • 19
    • 84858759988 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thyroid hormone and the cardiovascular system
    • Danzi S., Klein I. Thyroid hormone and the cardiovascular system. Med Clin North Am 2012, 96:257-268.
    • (2012) Med Clin North Am , vol.96 , pp. 257-268
    • Danzi, S.1    Klein, I.2
  • 20
    • 77952326892 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thyroid function and left ventricular structure and function in the Framingham Heart Study
    • Pearce E.N., Yang Q., Benjamin E.J., et al. Thyroid function and left ventricular structure and function in the Framingham Heart Study. Thyroid 2010, 20:367-373.
    • (2010) Thyroid , vol.20 , pp. 367-373
    • Pearce, E.N.1    Yang, Q.2    Benjamin, E.J.3
  • 22
    • 47549111033 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endocrine disorders and cardiovascular disease
    • WB Saunders and Company, St. Louis (MO), R.O. Bonow, D.L. Mann, D.P. Zipes (Eds.)
    • Klein I. Endocrine disorders and cardiovascular disease. Braunwald's heart disease, chapter 86 2011, 1829-1843. WB Saunders and Company, St. Louis (MO). 9th edition. R.O. Bonow, D.L. Mann, D.P. Zipes (Eds.).
    • (2011) Braunwald's heart disease, chapter 86 , pp. 1829-1843
    • Klein, I.1
  • 23
    • 0036553561 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hyperthyroidism and pulmonary hypertension
    • Marvisi M., Brianti M., Marani G., et al. Hyperthyroidism and pulmonary hypertension. Respir Med 2002, 96:215-220.
    • (2002) Respir Med , vol.96 , pp. 215-220
    • Marvisi, M.1    Brianti, M.2    Marani, G.3
  • 24
    • 34248527955 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reversible pulmonary hypertension and isolated right-sided heart failure associated with hyperthyroidism
    • Ismail H.M. Reversible pulmonary hypertension and isolated right-sided heart failure associated with hyperthyroidism. J Gen Intern Med 2007, 22:148-150.
    • (2007) J Gen Intern Med , vol.22 , pp. 148-150
    • Ismail, H.M.1
  • 25
    • 3142552579 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thyroid hormone and blood pressure regulation
    • Danzi S., Klein I. Thyroid hormone and blood pressure regulation. Curr Hypertens Rep 2003, 5:513-520.
    • (2003) Curr Hypertens Rep , vol.5 , pp. 513-520
    • Danzi, S.1    Klein, I.2
  • 26
    • 0025834418 scopus 로고
    • Enhanced left ventricular diastolic function in hyperthyroidism: noninvasive assessment and response to treatment
    • Mintz G., Pizzarello R., Klein I. Enhanced left ventricular diastolic function in hyperthyroidism: noninvasive assessment and response to treatment. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1991, 73:146-150.
    • (1991) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.73 , pp. 146-150
    • Mintz, G.1    Pizzarello, R.2    Klein, I.3
  • 27
    • 0002375916 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The cardiovascular system in thyrotoxicosis
    • Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, L. Braverman, R. Utiger (Eds.)
    • Klein I., Danzi S. The cardiovascular system in thyrotoxicosis. Werner & Ingbar's the thyroid: a fundamental and clinical text, chapter 31 2012, 559-568. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia. 10th edition. L. Braverman, R. Utiger (Eds.).
    • (2012) Werner & Ingbar's the thyroid: a fundamental and clinical text, chapter 31 , pp. 559-568
    • Klein, I.1    Danzi, S.2
  • 28
    • 79959628059 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hyperthyroidism and other causes of thyrotoxicosis: management guidelines of the American Thyroid Association and American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists
    • Bahn R.S., Burch H.B., Cooper D.S., et al. Hyperthyroidism and other causes of thyrotoxicosis: management guidelines of the American Thyroid Association and American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists. Endocr Pract 2011, 17:456-520.
    • (2011) Endocr Pract , vol.17 , pp. 456-520
    • Bahn, R.S.1    Burch, H.B.2    Cooper, D.S.3
  • 29
    • 0027997922 scopus 로고
    • Low serum thyrotropin levels as a risk factor for atrial fibrillation in older persons
    • Sawin C.T., Geller A., Wolf P.A., et al. Low serum thyrotropin levels as a risk factor for atrial fibrillation in older persons. N Engl J Med 1994, 33:1249-1252.
    • (1994) N Engl J Med , vol.33 , pp. 1249-1252
    • Sawin, C.T.1    Geller, A.2    Wolf, P.A.3
  • 30
    • 0002375916 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The cardiovascular system in hypothyroidism
    • Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, Chapter 53, L. Braverman, R. Utiger (Eds.)
    • Klein I., Danzi S. The cardiovascular system in hypothyroidism. Werner & Ingbar's the thyroid: a fundamental and clinical text 2012, 774-780. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, Chapter 53. 10th edition. L. Braverman, R. Utiger (Eds.).
    • (2012) Werner & Ingbar's the thyroid: a fundamental and clinical text , pp. 774-780
    • Klein, I.1    Danzi, S.2
  • 31
    • 0035883894 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prediction of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in elderly people from one low serum thyrotropin result: a 10-year cohort study
    • Parle J.V., Maisonneuve P., Sheppard M.C., et al. Prediction of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in elderly people from one low serum thyrotropin result: a 10-year cohort study. Lancet 2001, 358:861.
    • (2001) Lancet , vol.358 , pp. 861
    • Parle, J.V.1    Maisonneuve, P.2    Sheppard, M.C.3
  • 32
    • 33749067460 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of thyroid disease in the development of statin-induced myopathy
    • Rush J., Danzi S., Klein I. Role of thyroid disease in the development of statin-induced myopathy. Endocrinologist 2006, 16:279.
    • (2006) Endocrinologist , vol.16 , pp. 279
    • Rush, J.1    Danzi, S.2    Klein, I.3
  • 34
    • 0034651789 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subclinical hypothyroidism is an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis and myocardial infarction in elderly women: the Rotterdam Study
    • Hak A.E., Pols H.A., Visser T.J., et al. Subclinical hypothyroidism is an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis and myocardial infarction in elderly women: the Rotterdam Study. Ann Intern Med 2000, 132:270.
    • (2000) Ann Intern Med , vol.132 , pp. 270
    • Hak, A.E.1    Pols, H.A.2    Visser, T.J.3
  • 35
    • 70349966107 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regression of the increased common carotid artery-intima media thickness in subclinical hypothyroidism after thyroid hormone replacement
    • Kim S.D., Kim S.H., Park K.S., et al. Regression of the increased common carotid artery-intima media thickness in subclinical hypothyroidism after thyroid hormone replacement. Endocr J 2009, 56:753.
    • (2009) Endocr J , vol.56 , pp. 753
    • Kim, S.D.1    Kim, S.H.2    Park, K.S.3
  • 36
    • 84870784432 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical practice guidelines for hypothyroidism in adults; cosponsored by the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists and the American Thyroid Association
    • Garber J.R., Cobin R.H., Gharib H., et al. Clinical practice guidelines for hypothyroidism in adults; cosponsored by the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists and the American Thyroid Association. Thyroid 2012, 22:1200-1235.
    • (2012) Thyroid , vol.22 , pp. 1200-1235
    • Garber, J.R.1    Cobin, R.H.2    Gharib, H.3
  • 37
    • 77956928569 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subclinical hypothyroidism and the risk of coronary heart disease and mortality
    • Rodondi N., den Elzen W.P., Bauer D.C., et al. Subclinical hypothyroidism and the risk of coronary heart disease and mortality. JAMA 2010, 304:1365.
    • (2010) JAMA , vol.304 , pp. 1365
    • Rodondi, N.1    den Elzen, W.P.2    Bauer, D.C.3
  • 38
    • 39149116328 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The clinical significance of subclinical thyroid dysfunction
    • Biondi B., Cooper D.S. The clinical significance of subclinical thyroid dysfunction. Endocr Rev 2008, 29:76.
    • (2008) Endocr Rev , vol.29 , pp. 76
    • Biondi, B.1    Cooper, D.S.2
  • 39
    • 84865514368 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subclinical thyroid dysfunction and the risk of heart failure events: an individual participant data analysis from 6 prospective cohorts
    • Gencer B., Collet T.H., Virgini V., et al. Subclinical thyroid dysfunction and the risk of heart failure events: an individual participant data analysis from 6 prospective cohorts. Circulation 2012, 126:1040-1049.
    • (2012) Circulation , vol.126 , pp. 1040-1049
    • Gencer, B.1    Collet, T.H.2    Virgini, V.3
  • 40
    • 33644584065 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thyroid status, cardiovascular risk, and mortality in older adults
    • Cappola A.R., Fried L.P., Arnold A.M., et al. Thyroid status, cardiovascular risk, and mortality in older adults. JAMA 2006, 295:1033.
    • (2006) JAMA , vol.295 , pp. 1033
    • Cappola, A.R.1    Fried, L.P.2    Arnold, A.M.3
  • 41
    • 16644391796 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypothyroidism as a risk factor for hypothyroidism
    • Biondi B., Klein I. Hypothyroidism as a risk factor for hypothyroidism. Endocrine 2004, 24:1-13.
    • (2004) Endocrine , vol.24 , pp. 1-13
    • Biondi, B.1    Klein, I.2
  • 42
    • 0041883173 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilatation in subclinical hypothyroidism: beneficial effect of levothyroxine therapy
    • Taddei S., Caraccio N., Virdis A., et al. Impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilatation in subclinical hypothyroidism: beneficial effect of levothyroxine therapy. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2003, 88:3731.
    • (2003) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.88 , pp. 3731
    • Taddei, S.1    Caraccio, N.2    Virdis, A.3
  • 43
    • 34547190240 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association between increased mortality and mild thyroid dysfunction in cardiac patients
    • Iervasi G., Molinaro S., Landi P., et al. Association between increased mortality and mild thyroid dysfunction in cardiac patients. Arch Intern Med 2007, 167:1526-1532.
    • (2007) Arch Intern Med , vol.167 , pp. 1526-1532
    • Iervasi, G.1    Molinaro, S.2    Landi, P.3
  • 44
    • 84861715746 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Levothyroxine treatment of subclinical hypothyroidism, fatal and nonfatal cardiovascular events, and mortality
    • Razvi S., Weaver J.U., Butler T.J., et al. Levothyroxine treatment of subclinical hypothyroidism, fatal and nonfatal cardiovascular events, and mortality. Arch Intern Med 2012, 172:811-817.
    • (2012) Arch Intern Med , vol.172 , pp. 811-817
    • Razvi, S.1    Weaver, J.U.2    Butler, T.J.3
  • 45
    • 84883654452 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Combination L-T3 and L-T4 therapy for hypothyroidism
    • Wartofsky L. Combination L-T3 and L-T4 therapy for hypothyroidism. Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes 2013, 20:460-466.
    • (2013) Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes , vol.20 , pp. 460-466
    • Wartofsky, L.1
  • 46
    • 42049120496 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thyroid hormone treatment to mend a broken heart
    • Klein I., Danzi S. Thyroid hormone treatment to mend a broken heart. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2008, 93:1172-1174.
    • (2008) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.93 , pp. 1172-1174
    • Klein, I.1    Danzi, S.2
  • 47
    • 0030470649 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Induced illness in interleukin-6 (IL-6) knock-out mice: a causal role of IL-6 in the development of the low 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine syndrome
    • Boelen A., Maas M.A., Lowik C.W., et al. Induced illness in interleukin-6 (IL-6) knock-out mice: a causal role of IL-6 in the development of the low 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine syndrome. Endocrinology 1996, 137:5250-5254.
    • (1996) Endocrinology , vol.137 , pp. 5250-5254
    • Boelen, A.1    Maas, M.A.2    Lowik, C.W.3
  • 48
    • 77649236723 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship between triiodothyronine and proinflammatory cytokines in chronic heart failure
    • Lubrano V., Pingitore A., Carpi A., et al. Relationship between triiodothyronine and proinflammatory cytokines in chronic heart failure. Biomed Pharmacother 2010, 64:165-169.
    • (2010) Biomed Pharmacother , vol.64 , pp. 165-169
    • Lubrano, V.1    Pingitore, A.2    Carpi, A.3
  • 49
    • 0347927612 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low-T3 syndrome: a strong prognostic predictor of death in patients with heart disease
    • Iervasi G., Pingitore A., Landi P., et al. Low-T3 syndrome: a strong prognostic predictor of death in patients with heart disease. Circulation 2003, 107:708-713.
    • (2003) Circulation , vol.107 , pp. 708-713
    • Iervasi, G.1    Pingitore, A.2    Landi, P.3
  • 50
    • 84891458737 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in thyroid hormone metabolism and gene expression in the failing heart: therapeutic implications
    • Springer-Verlag, Italy, Chapter 10, G. Iervasi, A. Pingitore (Eds.)
    • Danzi S., Klein I. Changes in thyroid hormone metabolism and gene expression in the failing heart: therapeutic implications. Thyroid and heart failure, from pathophysiology to clinics 2009, 97-107. Springer-Verlag, Italy, Chapter 10. G. Iervasi, A. Pingitore (Eds.).
    • (2009) Thyroid and heart failure, from pathophysiology to clinics , pp. 97-107
    • Danzi, S.1    Klein, I.2
  • 51
    • 75449083796 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alterations in thyroid hormones which accompany cardiovascular disease
    • Danzi S., Klein I. Alterations in thyroid hormones which accompany cardiovascular disease. Clinical Thyroidology 2009, 21:3-5.
    • (2009) Clinical Thyroidology , vol.21 , pp. 3-5
    • Danzi, S.1    Klein, I.2
  • 52
    • 84869131253 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A low fT3 level as a prognostic marker in patients with acute myocardial infarctions
    • Zhang B., Peng W., Wang C., et al. A low fT3 level as a prognostic marker in patients with acute myocardial infarctions. Intern Med 2012, 51:3009-3015.
    • (2012) Intern Med , vol.51 , pp. 3009-3015
    • Zhang, B.1    Peng, W.2    Wang, C.3
  • 53
    • 84879194372 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New insights into mechanisms of cardioprotection mediated by thyroid hormones
    • Nicolini G., Pitto L., Kusmic C., et al. New insights into mechanisms of cardioprotection mediated by thyroid hormones. J Thyroid Res 2013, 2013:264387.
    • (2013) J Thyroid Res , vol.2013 , pp. 264387
    • Nicolini, G.1    Pitto, L.2    Kusmic, C.3
  • 54
    • 70350457660 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 3 improves left ventricular function in an animal model of myocardial infarction-induced congestive heart failure
    • 3 improves left ventricular function in an animal model of myocardial infarction-induced congestive heart failure. Circ Heart Fail 2009, 2:243-252.
    • (2009) Circ Heart Fail , vol.2 , pp. 243-252
    • Henderson, K.1    Danzi, S.2    Paul, J.T.3
  • 55
    • 41949107829 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute effects of triiodothyronine (T3) replacement therapy in patients with chronic heart failure and low-T3 syndrome: a randomized, placebo-controlled study
    • Pingitore A., Galli E., Barison A., et al. Acute effects of triiodothyronine (T3) replacement therapy in patients with chronic heart failure and low-T3 syndrome: a randomized, placebo-controlled study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2008, 93:1351-1358.
    • (2008) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.93 , pp. 1351-1358
    • Pingitore, A.1    Galli, E.2    Barison, A.3
  • 56
    • 29844441156 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Non-thyroidal illness syndrome is a manifestation of hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunction, and in view of current evidence, should be treated with appropriate replacement therapies
    • DeGroot L.J. Non-thyroidal illness syndrome is a manifestation of hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunction, and in view of current evidence, should be treated with appropriate replacement therapies. Crit Care Clin 2006, 22:57-86.
    • (2006) Crit Care Clin , vol.22 , pp. 57-86
    • DeGroot, L.J.1
  • 57
    • 67749135616 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thyroid hormone and coronary artery disease: from clinical correlations to prognostic implications
    • Coceani M., Iervasi G., Pingitore A., et al. Thyroid hormone and coronary artery disease: from clinical correlations to prognostic implications. Clin Cardiol 2009, 32:380-385.
    • (2009) Clin Cardiol , vol.32 , pp. 380-385
    • Coceani, M.1    Iervasi, G.2    Pingitore, A.3
  • 59
    • 0038185192 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of type II amiodarone-induced thyrotoxicosis by either iopanoic acid or glucocorticoids: a prospective, randomized study
    • Bogazzi F., Bartalena L., Cosci C., et al. Treatment of type II amiodarone-induced thyrotoxicosis by either iopanoic acid or glucocorticoids: a prospective, randomized study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1999, 88:2003.
    • (1999) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.88 , pp. 2003
    • Bogazzi, F.1    Bartalena, L.2    Cosci, C.3
  • 60
    • 84901481032 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Amiodarone-induced thyroid dysfunction
    • [Epub ahead of print]
    • Danzi S., Klein I. Amiodarone-induced thyroid dysfunction. J Intensive Care Med 2013, [Epub ahead of print].
    • (2013) J Intensive Care Med
    • Danzi, S.1    Klein, I.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.