Erratum: Oral and vaginal epithelial cell lines bind and transfer cell-free infectious hiv-1 to permissive cells but are not productively infected (PLoS ONE (2014) 9:5 (e98077) DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0098077);Oral and vaginal epithelial cell lines bind and transfer cell-free infectious HIV-1 to permissive cells but are not productively infected

PLoS ONE

Volumn 9, Issue 5, 2014, Pages

  Kohli, Arinder ^a   Islam, Ayesha ^a,b   Moyes, David L ^a   Murciano, Celia ^a,c   Shen, Chengguo ^a   Challacombe, Stephen J ^a   Naglik, Julian R ^a  

^a KING'S COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

^b BOSTON MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF VALENCIA   (Spain)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS 1 RECEPTOR; MESSENGER RNA; TRYPSIN; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; VIRUS RECEPTOR; VIRUS RNA; CELL SURFACE RECEPTOR; VIRUS DNA; VIRUS PROTEIN;

ARTICLE; CELL ADHESION; CELL TRANSFER; CONTROLLED STUDY; DISEASE TRANSMISSION; DNA INTEGRATION; ENDOSOME; EPITHELIUM CELL; FLOW CYTOMETRY; GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION; HIV 1 RECEPTOR GENE; HUMAN; HUMAN CELL; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS 1 INFECTION; HUMAN TISSUE; MOUTH CAVITY; MOUTH MUCOSA; NONHUMAN; PATHOGENESIS; PHARYNGEAL EPITHELIAL CELL; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; PROGENY; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; REAL TIME POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; TRANSCYTOSIS; VAGINA EPITHELIUM; VIRION; VIRUS CELL INTERACTION; VIRUS GENE; VIRUS REPLICATION; BIOSYNTHESIS; CELL LINE; CYTOLOGY; FEMALE; GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION; GENETICS; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS 1; METABOLISM; PHYSIOLOGY; VAGINA; VIROLOGY; VIRUS DNA CELL DNA INTERACTION; VIRUS GENOME;

CELL LINE; DNA, VIRAL; EPITHELIAL CELLS; FEMALE; GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION; GENOME, VIRAL; HIV-1; HUMANS; MOUTH MUCOSA; RECEPTORS, CELL SURFACE; RNA, MESSENGER; TRANSCRIPTION, GENETIC; VAGINA; VIRAL PROTEINS; VIRUS INTEGRATION;

EID: 84901462030     PISSN: None     EISSN: 19326203     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0229553     Document Type: Erratum

References (104)

1. Hladik F, McElrath MJ (2008) Setting the stage: host invasion by HIV. Nat Rev Immunol 8: 447-457. (Pubitemid 351735878)
2. Dulioust E, Tachet A, De Almeida M, Finkielsztejn L, Rivalland S, et al. (1998) Detection of HIV-1 in seminal plasma and seminal cells of HIV-1 seropositive men. J Reprod Immunol 41: 27-40. (Pubitemid 29017864)
3. Coombs RW, Speck CE, Hughes JP, Lee W, Sampoleo R, et al. (1998) Association between culturable human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in semen and HIV-1 RNA levels in semen and blood: evidence for compartmentalization of HIV-1 between semen and blood. J Infect Dis 177: 320-330. (Pubitemid 28063755)
4. Goulston C, McFarland W, Katzenstein D (1998) Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 RNA shedding in the female genital tract. J Infect Dis 177: 1100-1103. (Pubitemid 28155172)
5. Phillips DM, Tan X, Perotti ME, Zacharopoulos VR (1998) Mechanism of monocyte-macrophage-mediated transmission of HIV. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 14 Suppl 1: S67-S70. (Pubitemid 28208892)
6. van Herrewege Y, Michiels J, Waeytens A, De Boeck G, Salden E, et al. (2007) A dual chamber model of female cervical mucosa for the study of HIV transmission and for the evaluation of candidate HIV microbicides. Antiviral Res 74: 111-124. (Pubitemid 46442745)
7. Yeaman GR, White HD, Howell A, Prabhala R, Wira CR (1998) The mucosal immune system in the human female reproductive tract: potential insights into the heterosexual transmission of HIV. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 14 Suppl 1: S57-S62. (Pubitemid 28208890)
8. Ballweber L, Robinson B, Kreger A, Fialkow M, Lentz G, et al. (2011) Vaginal langerhans cells nonproductively transporting HIV-1 mediate infection of T cells. J Virol 85: 13443-13447.
9. Shen R, Richter HE, Smith PD (2011) Early HIV-1 target cells in human vaginal and ectocervical mucosa. Am J Reprod Immunol 65: 261-267.
10. Kaldensjo T, Petersson P, Tolf A, Morgan G, Broliden K, et al. (2011) Detection of intraepithelial and stromal Langerin and CCR5 positive cells in the human endometrium: potential targets for HIV infection. PLoS ONE 6: e21344.
11. Hladik F, Sakchalathorn P, Ballweber L, Lentz G, Fialkow M, et al. (2007) Initial events in establishing vaginal entry and infection by human immunodeficiency virus type-1. Immunity 26: 257-270. (Pubitemid 46329434)
12. Miller CJ, Shattock RJ (2003) Target cells in vaginal HIV transmission. Microbes Infect 5: 59-67. (Pubitemid 36197948)
13. Khanna KV, Whaley KJ, Zeitlin L, Moench TR, Mehrazar K, et al. (2002) Vaginal transmission of cell-associated HIV-1 in the mouse is blocked by a topical, membrane-modifying agent. J Clin Invest 109: 205-211. (Pubitemid 34083740)
14. Bhoopat L, Eiangleng L, Rugpao S, Frankel SS, Weissman D, et al. (2001) In vivo identification of Langerhans and related dendritic cells infected with HIV-1 subtype E in vaginal mucosa of asymptomatic patients. Mod Pathol 14: 1263-1269. (Pubitemid 33151169)
15. Hu Q, Frank I, Williams V, Santos JJ, Watts P, et al. (2004) Blockade of attachment and fusion receptors inhibits HIV-1 infection of human cervical tissue. J Exp Med 199: 1065-1075. (Pubitemid 38619903)
16. Hu J, Gardner MB, Miller CJ (2000) Simian immunodeficiency virus rapidly penetrates the cervicovaginal mucosa after intravaginal inoculation and infects intraepithelial dendritic cells. J Virol 74: 6087-6095. (Pubitemid 30412980)
17. Hu J, Pope M, Brown C, O'Doherty U, Miller CJ (1998) Immunophenotypic characterization of simian immunodeficiency virus-infected dendritic cells in cervix, vagina, and draining lymph nodes of rhesus monkeys. Lab Invest 78: 435-451. (Pubitemid 28207856)
18. Spira AI, Marx PA, Patterson BK, Mahoney J, Koup RA, et al. (1996) Cellular targets of infection and route of viral dissemination after an intravaginal inoculation of simian immunodeficiency virus into rhesus macaques. J Exp Med 183: 215-225. (Pubitemid 26028761)
19. Maher D, Wu X, Schacker T, Horbul J, Southern P (2005) HIV binding, penetration, and primary infection in human cervicovaginal tissue. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 102: 11504-11509. (Pubitemid 41153849)
20. Greenhead P, Hayes P, Watts PS, Laing KG, Griffin GE, et al. (2000) Parameters of human immunodeficiency virus infection of human cervical tissue and inhibition by vaginal virucides. J Virol 74: 5577-5586. (Pubitemid 30346592)
21. Zhang Z, Schuler T, Zupancic M, Wietgrefe S, Staskus KA, et al. (1999) Sexual transmission and propagation of SIV and HIV in resting and activated CD4+ T cells. Science 286: 1353-1357.
22. Milman G, Sharma O (1994) Mechanisms of HIV/SIV mucosal transmission. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 10: 1305-1312. (Pubitemid 24349707)
23. Janoff EN, Smith PD (2001) Emerging concepts in gastrointestinal aspects of HIV-1 pathogenesis and management. Gastroenterology 120: 607-621. (Pubitemid 32171635)
24. Wilkinson J, Cunningham AL (2006) Mucosal Transmission of HIV-1: First Stop Dendritic Cells. Current Drug Targets 7: 1563-1569. (Pubitemid 44873718)
25. Cohen MS, Shugars DC, Fiscus SA (2000) Limits on oral transmission of HIV-1. Lancet 356: 272. (Pubitemid 30459583)
26. Rothenberg RB, Scarlett M, del Rio C, Reznik D, O'Daniels C (1998) Oral transmission of HIV. AIDS 12: 2095-2105. (Pubitemid 28495263)
27. Jotwani R, Muthukuru M, Cutler CW (2004) Increase in HIV receptors/coreceptors/ alpha-defensins in inflamed human gingiva. J Dent Res 83: 371-377. (Pubitemid 41766091)
28. Challacombe SJ, Naglik JR (2006) The effects of HIV infection on oral mucosal immunity. Adv Dent Res 19: 29-35.
29. Kazmi SH, Naglik JR, Sweet SP, Evans RW, O'Shea S, et al. (2006) Comparison of human immunodeficiency virus type 1-specific inhibitory activities in saliva and other human mucosal fluids. Clin Vaccine Immunol 13: 1111-1118. (Pubitemid 44622538)
30. Malamud D, Wahl SM (2010) The mouth: a gateway or a trap for HIV? AIDS 24: 5-16.
31. Herzberg MC, Weinberg A, Wahl SM (2006) (C3) The Oral Epithelial Cell and First Encounters with HIV-1. Adv Dent Res 19: 158-166.
32. Weinberg A, Naglik JR, Kohli A, Tugizov SM, Fidel PL Jr, et al. (2011) Innate Immunity Including Epithelial and Nonspecific Host Factors: Workshop 1B. Adv Dent Res 23: 122-129.
33. Baba TW, Trichel AM, An L, Liska V, Martin LN, et al. (1996) Infection and AIDS in adult macaques after nontraumatic oral exposure to cell-free SIV. Science 272: 1486-1489. (Pubitemid 26200000)
34. Herz AM, Robertson MN, Lynch JB, Schmidt A, Rabin M, et al. (2002) Viral dynamics of early HIV infection in neonatal macaques after oral exposure to HIV-2287: an animal model with implications for maternal-neonatal HIV transmission. J Med Primatol 31: 29-39. (Pubitemid 34552534)
35. Joag SV, Adany I, Li Z, Foresman L, Pinson DM, et al. (1997) Animal model of mucosally transmitted human immunodeficiency virus type 1 disease: intravaginal and oral deposition of simian/human immunodeficiency virus in macaques results in systemic infection, elimination of CD4+ T cells, and AIDS. J Virol 71: 4016-4023. (Pubitemid 27172417)
36. Milush JM, Kosub D, Marthas M, Schmidt K, Scott F, et al. (2004) Rapid dissemination of SIV following oral inoculation. AIDS 18: 2371-2380. (Pubitemid 40065904)
37. Pierson TC, Doms RW (2003) HIV-1 entry and its inhibition. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 281: 1-27. (Pubitemid 36950682)
38. Liu X, Zha J, Chen H, Nishitani J, Camargo P, et al. (2003) Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection and replication in normal human oral keratinocytes. J Virol 77: 3470-3476. (Pubitemid 36297266)
39. Kumar RB, Maher DM, Herzberg MC, Southern PJ (2006) Expression of HIV receptors, alternate receptors and co-receptors on tonsillar epithelium: implications for HIV binding and primary oral infection. Virol J 3: 25.
40. Quinones-Mateu ME, Lederman MM, Feng Z, Chakraborty B, Weber J, et al. (2003) Human epithelial beta-defensins 2 and 3 inhibit HIV-1 replication. AIDS 17: F39-F48. (Pubitemid 38147012)
41. Vacharaksa A, Asrani AC, Gebhard KH, Fasching CE, Giacaman RA, et al. (2008) Oral keratinocytes support non-replicative infection and transfer of harbored HIV-1 to permissive cells. Retrovirology 5: 66.
42. Walsh LJ, Ishii T, Savage NW, Gemmell E, Seymour GJ (1990) Immunohistologic analysis of epithelial cell populations in oral lichen planus. J Oral Pathol Med 19: 177-181. (Pubitemid 20228779)
43. Cutler CW, Jotwani R (2006) Oral mucosal expression of HIV-1 receptors, coreceptors, and alpha-defensins: tableau of resistance or susceptibility to HIV infection? Adv Dent Res 19: 49-51.
44. Giacaman RA, Nobbs AH, Ross KF, Herzberg MC (2007) Porphyromonas gingivalis selectively up-regulates the HIV-1 coreceptor CCR5 in oral keratinocytes. J Immunol 179: 2542-2550.
45. Berlier W, Bourlet T, Lawrence P, Hamzeh H, Lambert C, et al. (2005) Selective sequestration of X4 isolates by human genital epithelial cells: Implication for virus tropism selection process during sexual transmission of HIV. J Med Virol 77: 465-474. (Pubitemid 41609584)
46. Bobardt MD, Chatterji U, Selvarajah S, Van der Schueren B, David G, et al. (2007) Cell-free human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transcytosis through primary genital epithelial cells. J Virol 81: 395-405. (Pubitemid 44975178)
47. Dezzutti C-S, Guenthner P-C, Cummins J, Cabrera T, Marshall J-H, et al. (2001) Cervical and Prostate Primary Epithelial Cells Are Not Productively Infected but Sequester Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1. J Infect Dis 183: 1204-1213. (Pubitemid 32281559)
48. Yeaman GR, Asin S, Weldon S, Demian DJ, Collins JE, et al. (2004) Chemokine receptor expression in the human ectocervix: implications for infection by the human immunodeficiency virus-type I. Immunology 113: 524-533. (Pubitemid 39593371)
49. Geijtenbeek TB, Kwon DS, Torensma R, Van Vliet SJ, van Duijnhoven GC, et al. (2000) DC-SIGN, a dendritic cell-specific HIV-1-binding protein that enhances trans-infection of T cells. Cell 100: 587-597.
50. van Kooyk Y, Geijtenbeek TB (2003) DC-SIGN: escape mechanism for pathogens. Nat Rev Immunol 3: 697-709.
51. Harouse JM, Bhat S, Spitalnik SL, Laughlin M, Stefano K, et al. (1991) Inhibition of entry of HIV-1 in neural cell lines by antibodies against galactosyl ceramide. Science 253: 320-323. (Pubitemid 21917158)
52. Alfsen A, Bomsel M (2002) HIV-1 gp41 Envelope Residues 650-685 Exposed on Native Virus Act as a Lectin to Bind Epithelial Cell Galactosyl Ceramide. J Biol Chem 277: 25649-25659. (Pubitemid 34951883)
53. Delezay O, Koch N, Yahi N, Hammache D, Tourres C, et al. (1997) Coexpression of CXCR4/fusin and galactosylceramide in the human intestinal epithelial cell line HT-29. AIDS 11: 1311-1318. (Pubitemid 27423290)
54. Bobardt MD, Saphire AC, Hung HC, Yu X, Van der Schueren B, et al. (2003) Syndecan captures, protects, and transmits HIV to T lymphocytes. Immunity 18: 27-39. (Pubitemid 36120685)
55. Wu Z, Chen Z, Phillips DM (2003) Human genital epithelial cells capture cell-free human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and transmit the virus to CD4+ cells: implications for mechanisms of sexual transmission. J Infect Dis 188: 1473-1482. (Pubitemid 37523932)
56. Margolis L, Shattock R (2006) Selective transmission of CCR5-utilizing HIV-1: the 'gatekeeper' problem resolved? Nat Rev Microbiol 4: 312-317.
57. Shen R, Richter HE, Clements RH, Novak L, Huff K, et al. (2009) Macrophages in vaginal but not intestinal mucosa are monocyte-like and permissive to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection. J Virol 83: 3258-3267.
58. Fanibunda SE, Modi DN, Gokral JS, Bandivdekar AH (2011) HIV gp120 binds to mannose receptor on vaginal epithelial cells and induces production of matrix metalloproteinases. PLoS ONE 6: e28014.
59. Nazli A, Chan O, Dobson-Belaire WN, Ouellet M, Tremblay MJ, et al. (2010) Exposure to HIV-1 directly impairs mucosal epithelial barrier integrity allowing microbial translocation. PLoS Pathogens 6: e1000852.
60. Blaskewicz CD, Pudney J, Anderson DJ (2011) Structure and function of intercellular junctions in human cervical and vaginal mucosal epithelia. Biol Reprod 85: 97-104.
61. Phillips DM, Zacharopoulos VR, Tan X, Pearce-Pratt R (1994) Mechanisms of sexual transmission of HIV: does HIV infect intact epithelia? Trends Microbiol 2: 454-458. (Pubitemid 24343060)
62. Tan X, Pearce-Pratt R, Phillips DM (1993) Productive infection of a cervical epithelial cell line with human immunodeficiency virus: implications for sexual transmission. J Virol 67: 6447-6452. (Pubitemid 23309109)
63. Furuta Y, Eriksson K, Svennerholm B, Fredman P, Horal P, et al. (1994) Infection of vaginal and colonic epithelial cells by the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 is neutralized by antibodies raised against conserved epitopes in the envelope glycoprotein gp120. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 91: 12559-12563.
64. Iversen AK, Larsen AR, Jensen T, Fugger L, Balslev U, et al. (1998) Distinct determinants of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 RNA and DNA loads in vaginal and cervical secretions. J Infect Dis 177: 1214-1220. (Pubitemid 28194260)
65. Liuzzi G, Chirianni A, Clementi M, Bagnarelli P, Valenza A, et al. (1996) Analysis of HIV-1 load in blood, semen and saliva: evidence for different viral compartments in a cross-sectional and longitudinal study. AIDS 10: F51-F56. (Pubitemid 26394975)
66. Qureshi MN, Barr CE, Seshamma T, Reidy J, Pomerantz RJ, et al. (1995) Infection of oral mucosal cells by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in seropositive persons. J Infect Dis 171: 190-193.
67. Qureshi MN, Barr CE, Hewlitt I, Boorstein R, Kong F, et al. (1997) Detection of HIV in oral mucosal cells. Oral Dis 3 Suppl 1: S73-S78. (Pubitemid 27242066)
68. Rodriguez-Inigo E, Jimenez E, Bartolome J, Ortiz-Movilla N, Bartolome VB, et al. (2005) Detection of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 RNA by in situ hybridization in oral mucosa epithelial cells from anti-HIV-1 positive patients. J Med Virol 77: 17-22. (Pubitemid 41076471)
69. Moore JS, Rahemtulla F, Kent LW, Hall SD, Ikizler MR, et al. (2003) Oral epithelial cells are susceptible to cell-free and cell-associated HIV-1 infection in vitro. Virology 313: 343-353. (Pubitemid 37045356)
70. Moore JS, Hall SD, Jackson S (2002) Cell-associated HIV-1 infection of salivary gland epithelial cell lines. Virology 297: 89-97. (Pubitemid 34734913)
71. Navarrete P, Morente V, Garcia F, Alos L, Arnedo M, et al. (2003) Predictors of tonsillar tissue HIV-1 viral burden at baseline and after 1 year of antiretroviral therapy. Antivir Ther 8: 635-637. (Pubitemid 38057110)
72. Moutsopoulos NM, Nares S, Nikitakis N, Rangel Z, Wen J, et al. (2007) Tonsil epithelial factors may influence oropharyngeal human immunodeficiency virus transmission. Am J Pathol 171: 571-579.
73. Maher D, Wu X, Schacker T, Larson M, Southern P (2004) A model system of oral HIV exposure, using human palatine tonsil, reveals extensive binding of HIV infectivity, with limited progression to primary infection. J InfectDis 190: 1989-1997. (Pubitemid 39564705)
74. Han Y, Ventura CL, Black KP, Cummins JE Jr, Hall SD, et al. (2000) Productive human immunodeficiency virus-1 infection of epithelial cell lines of salivary gland origin. Oral Microbiol Immunol 15: 82-88. (Pubitemid 30144249)
75. Anderson DJ, Politch JA, Nadolski AM, Blaskewicz CD, Pudney J, et al. (2010) Targeting Trojan Horse leukocytes for HIV prevention. AIDS 24: 163-187.
76. Pang S, Yu D, An DS, Baldwin GC, Xie Y, et al. (2000) Human immunodeficiency virus Env-independent infection of human CD4(2) cells. J Virol 74: 10994-11000. (Pubitemid 32223964)
77. Bomsel M (1997) Transcytosis of infectious human immunodeficiency virus across a tight human epithelial cell line barrier. Nat Med 3: 42-47.
78. Kage A, Shoolian E, Rokos K, Ozel M, Nuck R, et al. (1998) Epithelial uptake and transport of cell-free human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and gp120-coated microparticles. J Virol 72: 4231-4236. (Pubitemid 28188728)
79. Hocini H, Bomsel M (1999) Infectious human immunodeficiency virus can rapidly penetrate a tight human epithelial barrier by transcytosis in a process impaired by mucosal immunoglobulins. J InfectDis 179 Suppl 3: S448-S453. (Pubitemid 29198396)
80. Hocini H, Becquart P, Bouhlal H, Chomont N, Ancuta P, et al. (2001) Active and selective transcytosis of cell-free human immunodeficiency virus through a tight polarized monolayer of human endometrial cells. J Virol 75: 5370-5374. (Pubitemid 32448560)
81. Tugizov SM, Herrera R, Veluppillai P, Greenspan D, Soros V, et al. (2011) HIV is inactivated after transepithelial migration via adult oral epithelial cells but not fetal epithelial cells. Virology 409: 211-222.
82. Tugizov SM, Herrera R, Veluppillai P, Greenspan D, Soros V, et al. (2012) Differential transmission of HIV traversing fetal oral/intestinal epithelia and adult oral epithelia. J Virol 86: 2556-2570.
83. Hernandez R, Rupp S (2009) Human epithelial model systems for the study of Candida infections in vitro: part II. Histologic methods for studying fungal invasion. Methods Mol Biol 470: 105-123.
84. Gaffney RA, Venegas MF, Kanerva C, Navas EL, Anderson BE, et al. (1995) Effect of vaginal fluid on adherence of type 1 piliated Escherichia coli to epithelial cells. J Infect Dis 172: 1528-1535.
85. Strus M, Kukla G, Ruranska-Smutnicka D, Przondo-Mordarska A, Heczko P (2001) [Surface properties of Lactobacillus strains. II. Adherence to tissue culture surfaces]. Med Dosw Mikrobiol 53: 253-258.
86. Breau AP, Field L, Mitchell WM (1984) Thiono compounds. 4. In vitro mutagenic and antineoplastic activity of TEPA and thio-TEPA. Cell Biol Toxicol 1: 21-30. (Pubitemid 15100050)
87. Schaller M, Zakikhany K, Naglik JR, Weindl G, Hube B (2006) Models of oral and vaginal candidiasis based on in vitro reconstituted human epithelia. Nat Protoc 1: 2767-2773.
88. Soda Y, Shimizu N, Jinno A, Liu HY, Kanbe K, et al. (1999) Establishment of a new system for determination of coreceptor usages of HIV based on the human glioma NP-2 cell line. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 258: 313-321. (Pubitemid 29287048)
89. Besnier C, Takeuchi Y, Towers G (2002) Restriction of lentivirus in monkeys. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 99: 11920-11925. (Pubitemid 34994499)
90. Lefever S, Vandesompele J, Speleman F, Pattyn F (2009) RTPrimerDB: the portal for real-time PCR primers and probes. Nucleic Acids Res 37: D942-D945.
91. Spandidos A, Wang X, Wang H, Seed B (2010) PrimerBank: a resource of human and mouse PCR primer pairs for gene expression detection and quantification. Nucleic Acids Res 38: D792-D799.
92. Mbisa JL, viks-Frankenberry KA, Thomas JA, Gorelick RJ, Pathak VK (2009) Real-time PCR analysis of HIV-1 replication post-entry events. Methods Mol Biol 485: 55-72.
93. Velarde G, Ait-Aissa S, Gillet C, Rogerieux F, Lambre C, et al. (1999) Use of transepithelial electrical resistance in the study of pentachlorophenol toxicity. Toxicol In Vitro 13: 723-727. (Pubitemid 29354203)
94. Naldini L, Blomer U, Gallay P, Ory D, Mulligan R, et al. (1996) In vivo gene delivery and stable transduction of nondividing cells by a lentiviral vector. Science 272: 263-267. (Pubitemid 26119138)
95. Zhu T, Mo H, Wang N, Nam DS, Cao Y, et al. (1993) Genotypic and phenotypic characterization of HIV-1 patients with primary infection. Science 261: 1179-1181. (Pubitemid 23300886)
96. Asin SN, Fanger MW, Wildt-Perinic D, Ware PL, Wira CR, et al. (2004) Transmission of HIV-1 by primary human uterine epithelial cells and stromal fibroblasts. J Infect Dis 190: 236-245. (Pubitemid 38951961)
97. Knuechel R, Keng P, Hofstaedter F, Langmuir V, Sutherland RM, et al. (1990) Differentiation patterns in two- and three-dimensional culture systems of human squamous carcinoma cell lines. Am J Pathology 137: 725-736. (Pubitemid 20281001)
98. Miller CJ (1998) Localization of Simian immunodeficiency virus-infected cells in the genital tract of male and female Rhesus macaques. J Reprod Immunol 41: 331-339.
99. Dietrich EA, Gebhard KH, Fasching CE, Giacaman RA, Kappes JC, et al. (2012) HIV type 1 escapes inactivation by saliva via rapid escape into oral epithelial cells. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 28: 1574-1578.
100. Dorosko SM, Connor RI (2010) Primary human mammary epithelial cells endocytose HIV-1 and facilitate viral infection of CD4+ T lymphocytes. J Virol 84: 10533-10542.
101. Giavedoni LD, Chen HL, Hodara VL, Chu L, Parodi LM, et al. (2013) Impact of mucosal inflammation on oral simian immunodeficiency virus transmission. J Virol 87: 1750-1758.
102. Howell AL, Edkins RD, Rier SE, Yeaman GR, Stern JE, et al. (1997) Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection of cells and tissues from the upper and lower human female reproductive tract. J Virol 71: 3498-3506. (Pubitemid 27172360)
103. Mondor I, Ugolini S, Sattentau QJ (1998) Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 attachment to HeLa CD4 cells is CD4 independent and gp120 dependent and requires cell surface heparans. J Virol 72: 3623-3634. (Pubitemid 28188659)
104. Roderiquez G, Oravecz T, Yanagishita M, Bou-Habib DC, Mostowski H, et al. (1995) Mediation of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 binding by interaction of cell surface heparan sulfate proteoglycans with the V3 region of envelope gp120-gp41. J Virol 69: 2233-2239.