메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 6, Issue 4, 2010, Pages 1-20

Exposure to HIV-1 directly impairs mucosal epithelial barrier integrity allowing microbial translocation

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CLAUDIN 1; CLAUDIN 2; CLAUDIN 4; OCCLUDIN; PROTEIN ZO1; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA; GLYCOPROTEIN GP 120;

EID: 77954059792     PISSN: 15537366     EISSN: 15537374     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1000852     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (463)

References (53)
  • 1
    • 43249120445 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improving defences at the portal of HIV entry: Mucosal and innate immunity
    • doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.0050081
    • Shattock RJ, Haynes BF, Pulendran B, Flores J, Esparza J (2008) Improving defences at the portal of HIV entry: mucosal and innate immunity. PLoS Med 5:e81. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.0050081.
    • (2008) PLoS Med , vol.5
    • Shattock, R.J.1    Haynes, B.F.2    Pulendran, B.3    Flores, J.4    Esparza, J.5
  • 2
    • 14644404417 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epithelial cells in the female reproductive tract: A central role as sentinels of immune protection
    • Wira CR, Grant-Tschudy KS, Crane-Godreau MA (2005) Epithelial cells in the female reproductive tract: a central role as sentinels of immune protection. Am J Reprod Immunol 53: 65-76.
    • (2005) Am J Reprod Immunol , vol.53 , pp. 65-76
    • Wira, C.R.1    Grant-Tschudy, K.S.2    Crane-Godreau, M.A.3
  • 3
    • 49249094671 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How epithelial cells detect danger: Aiding the immune response
    • Vroling AB, Fokkens WJ, van Drunen CM (2008) How epithelial cells detect danger: aiding the immune response. Allergy 63: 1110-1123.
    • (2008) Allergy , vol.63 , pp. 1110-1123
    • Vroling, A.B.1    Fokkens, W.J.2    van Drunen, C.M.3
  • 4
    • 57649149258 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diversity of tight junctions (TJs) between gastrointestinal epithelial cells and their function in maintaining the mucosal barrier
    • Yu QH, Yang Q (2009) Diversity of tight junctions (TJs) between gastrointestinal epithelial cells and their function in maintaining the mucosal barrier. Cell Biol Int 33: 78-82.
    • (2009) Cell Biol Int , vol.33 , pp. 78-82
    • Yu, Q.H.1    Yang, Q.2
  • 6
    • 35448998551 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Astrovirus increases epithelial barrier permeability independently of viral replication
    • Moser LA, Carter M, Schultz-Cherry S (2007) Astrovirus increases epithelial barrier permeability independently of viral replication. J Virol 81: 11937-11945.
    • (2007) J Virol , vol.81 , pp. 11937-11945
    • Moser, L.A.1    Carter, M.2    Schultz-Cherry, S.3
  • 7
    • 33845477453 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Disruption of tight junctions and induction of proinflammatory cytokine responses in colonic epithelial cells by Campylobacter jejuni
    • Chen ML, Ge Z, Fox JG, Schauer DB (2006) Disruption of tight junctions and induction of proinflammatory cytokine responses in colonic epithelial cells by Campylobacter jejuni. Infect Immun 74: 6581-6589.
    • (2006) Infect Immun , vol.74 , pp. 6581-6589
    • Chen, M.L.1    Ge, Z.2    Fox, J.G.3    Schauer, D.B.4
  • 8
    • 34447100268 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coxsackievirus B3 affects endothelial tight junctions: Possible relationship to ZO-1 and F-actin, as well as p38 MAPK activity
    • Ju Y, Wang T, Li Y, Xin W, Wang S, et al. (2007) Coxsackievirus B3 affects endothelial tight junctions: possible relationship to ZO-1 and F-actin, as well as p38 MAPK activity. Cell Biol Int 31: 1207-1213.
    • (2007) Cell Biol Int , vol.31 , pp. 1207-1213
    • Ju, Y.1    Wang, T.2    Li, Y.3    Xin, W.4    Wang, S.5
  • 9
    • 10944228240 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The rotavirus surface protein VP8 modulates the gate and fence function of tight junctions in epithelial cells
    • Nava P, Lopez S, Arias CF, Islas S, Gonzalez-Mariscal L (2004) The rotavirus surface protein VP8 modulates the gate and fence function of tight junctions in epithelial cells. J Cell Sci 117: 5509-5519.
    • (2004) J Cell Sci , vol.117 , pp. 5509-5519
    • Nava, P.1    Lopez, S.2    Arias, C.F.3    Islas, S.4    Gonzalez-Mariscal, L.5
  • 10
    • 20444464523 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mucosal integrity and barrier function in the pathogenesis of early lesions in Crohn's disease
    • Sanders DS (2005) Mucosal integrity and barrier function in the pathogenesis of early lesions in Crohn's disease. J Clin Pathol 58: 568-572.
    • (2005) J Clin Pathol , vol.58 , pp. 568-572
    • Sanders, D.S.1
  • 11
    • 44649201289 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HIV infection and the gastrointestinal immune system
    • Brenchley JM, Douek DC (2008) HIV infection and the gastrointestinal immune system. Mucosal Immunol 1: 23-30.
    • (2008) Mucosal Immunol , vol.1 , pp. 23-30
    • Brenchley, J.M.1    Douek, D.C.2
  • 12
    • 61449159825 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HIV infection of the genital mucosa in women
    • Hladik F, Hope TJ (2009) HIV infection of the genital mucosa in women. Curr HIV/AIDS Rep 6: 20-28.
    • (2009) Curr HIV/AIDS Rep , vol.6 , pp. 20-28
    • Hladik, F.1    Hope, T.J.2
  • 13
    • 44349159423 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Setting the stage: Host invasion by HIV
    • Hladik F, McElrath MJ (2008) Setting the stage: host invasion by HIV. Nat Rev Immunol 8: 447-457.
    • (2008) Nat Rev Immunol , vol.8 , pp. 447-457
    • Hladik, F.1    McElrath, M.J.2
  • 14
    • 58949102533 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impairment of the intestinal barrier is evident in untreated but absent in suppressively treated HIV-infected patients
    • Epple HJ, Schneider T, Troeger H, Kunkel D, Allers K, et al. (2009) Impairment of the intestinal barrier is evident in untreated but absent in suppressively treated HIV-infected patients. Gut 58: 220-227.
    • (2009) Gut , vol.58 , pp. 220-227
    • Epple, H.J.1    Schneider, T.2    Troeger, H.3    Kunkel, D.4    Allers, K.5
  • 15
    • 0027225487 scopus 로고
    • Intestinal permeability and function in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus. A comparison with coeliac disease
    • Lim SG, Menzies IS, Lee CA, Johnson MA, Pounder RE (1993) Intestinal permeability and function in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus. A comparison with coeliac disease. Scand J Gastroenterol 28: 573-580.
    • (1993) Scand J Gastroenterol , vol.28 , pp. 573-580
    • Lim, S.G.1    Menzies, I.S.2    Lee, C.A.3    Johnson, M.A.4    Pounder, R.E.5
  • 16
    • 0028879979 scopus 로고
    • Intestinal absorptive capacity, intestinal permeability and jejunal histology in HIV and their relation to diarrhoea
    • Keating J, Bjarnason I, Somasundaram S, Macpherson A, Francis N, et al. (1995) Intestinal absorptive capacity, intestinal permeability and jejunal histology in HIV and their relation to diarrhoea. Gut 37: 623-629.
    • (1995) Gut , vol.37 , pp. 623-629
    • Keating, J.1    Bjarnason, I.2    Somasundaram, S.3    Macpherson, A.4    Francis, N.5
  • 17
    • 0032965961 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Small intestinal transit, absorption, and permeability in patients with AIDS with and without diarrhoea
    • Sharpstone D, Neild P, Crane R, Taylor C, Hodgson C, et al. (1999) Small intestinal transit, absorption, and permeability in patients with AIDS with and without diarrhoea. Gut 45: 70-76.
    • (1999) Gut , vol.45 , pp. 70-76
    • Sharpstone, D.1    Neild, P.2    Crane, R.3    Taylor, C.4    Hodgson, C.5
  • 19
    • 0031982769 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Duodenal biopsies of HIV-infected patients with diarrhoea exhibit epithelial barrier defects but no active secretion
    • Stockmann M, Fromm M, Schmitz H, Schmidt W, Riecken EO, et al. (1998) Duodenal biopsies of HIV-infected patients with diarrhoea exhibit epithelial barrier defects but no active secretion. Aids 12: 43-51.
    • (1998) Aids , vol.12 , pp. 43-51
    • Stockmann, M.1    Fromm, M.2    Schmitz, H.3    Schmidt, W.4    Riecken, E.O.5
  • 20
    • 42049095290 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The mucosal barrier and immune activation in HIV pathogenesis
    • Brenchley JM, Douek DC (2008) The mucosal barrier and immune activation in HIV pathogenesis. Curr Opin HIV AIDS 3: 356-361.
    • (2008) Curr Opin HIV AIDS , vol.3 , pp. 356-361
    • Brenchley, J.M.1    Douek, D.C.2
  • 21
    • 66149099672 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microbial translocation, the innate cytokine response, and HIV-1 disease progression in Africa
    • Redd AD, Dabitao D, Bream JH, Charvat B, Laeyendecker O, et al. (2009) Microbial translocation, the innate cytokine response, and HIV-1 disease progression in Africa. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 106: 6718-6723.
    • (2009) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.106 , pp. 6718-6723
    • Redd, A.D.1    Dabitao, D.2    Bream, J.H.3    Charvat, B.4    Laeyendecker, O.5
  • 22
    • 33645924682 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HIV Disease: Fallout from a mucosal catastrophe?
    • Brenchley J, Price D, Douek D (2006) HIV Disease: Fallout from a mucosal catastrophe? Nat Immunol 7: 235-239.
    • (2006) Nat Immunol , vol.7 , pp. 235-239
    • Brenchley, J.1    Price, D.2    Douek, D.3
  • 23
    • 0041327667 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Persistent immune activation in HIV-1 infection is associated with progression to AIDS
    • Hazenberg MD, Otto SA, van Benthem BH, Roos MT, Coutinho RA, et al. (2003) Persistent immune activation in HIV-1 infection is associated with progression to AIDS. Aids 17: 1881-1888.
    • (2003) Aids , vol.17 , pp. 1881-1888
    • Hazenberg, M.D.1    Otto, S.A.2    van Benthem, B.H.3    Roos, M.T.4    Coutinho, R.A.5
  • 24
    • 0032955651 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Shorter survival in advanced human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection is more closely associated with T lymphocyte activation than with plasma virus burden or virus chemokine coreceptor usage
    • Giorgi JV, Hultin LE, McKeating JA, Johnson TD, Owens B, et al. (1999) Shorter survival in advanced human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection is more closely associated with T lymphocyte activation than with plasma virus burden or virus chemokine coreceptor usage. J Infect Dis 179: 859-870.
    • (1999) J Infect Dis , vol.179 , pp. 859-870
    • Giorgi, J.V.1    Hultin, L.E.2    McKeating, J.A.3    Johnson, T.D.4    Owens, B.5
  • 25
    • 33845532053 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microbial translocation is a cause of systemic immune activation in chronic HIV infection
    • Brenchley JM, Price DA, Schacker TW, Asher TE, Silvestri G, et al. (2006) Microbial translocation is a cause of systemic immune activation in chronic HIV infection. Nat Med 12: 1365-1371.
    • (2006) Nat Med , vol.12 , pp. 1365-1371
    • Brenchley, J.M.1    Price, D.A.2    Schacker, T.W.3    Asher, T.E.4    Silvestri, G.5
  • 26
    • 0032838364 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of Transepithelial Electrical resistance in the study of Pentachlorophenol Toxicity
    • Velarde G, Ait-Aissa S, Gillet C, Rogerieux F, Lambre C, et al. (1999) Use of Transepithelial Electrical resistance in the study of Pentachlorophenol Toxicity. Toxicology in vitro 13: 723-727.
    • (1999) Toxicology In Vitro , vol.13 , pp. 723-727
    • Velarde, G.1    Ait-Aissa, S.2    Gillet, C.3    Rogerieux, F.4    Lambre, C.5
  • 27
    • 0042381922 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Blood-brain barrier changes during invasion of the central nervous system by HIV-1. Old and new insights into the mechanism
    • Annunziata P (2003) Blood-brain barrier changes during invasion of the central nervous system by HIV-1. Old and new insights into the mechanism. J Neurol 250: 901-906.
    • (2003) J Neurol , vol.250 , pp. 901-906
    • Annunziata, P.1
  • 28
    • 33845764425 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HIV-1 gp120 compromises blood-brain barrier integrity and enhances monocyte migration across blood-brain barrier: Implication for viral neuropathogenesis
    • Kanmogne GD, Schall K, Leibhart J, Knipe B, Gendelman HE, et al. (2007) HIV-1 gp120 compromises blood-brain barrier integrity and enhances monocyte migration across blood-brain barrier: implication for viral neuropathogenesis. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 27: 123-134.
    • (2007) J Cereb Blood Flow Metab , vol.27 , pp. 123-134
    • Kanmogne, G.D.1    Schall, K.2    Leibhart, J.3    Knipe, B.4    Gendelman, H.E.5
  • 29
    • 25144504434 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HIV-1 Tat proteininduced alterations of ZO-1 expression are mediated by redox-regulated ERK 1/2 activation
    • Pu H, Tian J, Andras IE, Hayashi K, Flora G, et al. (2005) HIV-1 Tat proteininduced alterations of ZO-1 expression are mediated by redox-regulated ERK 1/2 activation. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 25: 1325-1335.
    • (2005) J Cereb Blood Flow Metab , vol.25 , pp. 1325-1335
    • Pu, H.1    Tian, J.2    Andras, I.E.3    Hayashi, K.4    Flora, G.5
  • 30
    • 0032889226 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mutational analysis of the hydrophobic tail of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 p6(Gag) protein produces a mutant that fails to package its envelope protein
    • Ott DE, Chertova EN, Busch LK, Coren LV, Gagliardi TD, et al. (1999) Mutational analysis of the hydrophobic tail of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 p6(Gag) protein produces a mutant that fails to package its envelope protein. J Virol 73: 19-28.
    • (1999) J Virol , vol.73 , pp. 19-28
    • Ott, D.E.1    Chertova, E.N.2    Busch, L.K.3    Coren, L.V.4    Gagliardi, T.D.5
  • 31
    • 0034874761 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distinct proinflammatory host responses to Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection in immortalized human cervical and vaginal epithelial cells
    • Fichorova RN, Desai PJ, Gibson FCI, Genco CA (2001) Distinct proinflammatory host responses to Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection in immortalized human cervical and vaginal epithelial cells. Infec Imm 69: 5840-5848.
    • (2001) Infec Imm , vol.69 , pp. 5840-5848
    • Fichorova, R.N.1    Desai, P.J.2    Gibson, F.C.I.3    Genco, C.A.4
  • 32
    • 63849337600 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanism of cytokine modulation of epithelial tight junction barrier
    • Al-Sadi R, Boivin M, Ma T (2009) Mechanism of cytokine modulation of epithelial tight junction barrier. Front Biosci 14: 2765-2778.
    • (2009) Front Biosci , vol.14 , pp. 2765-2778
    • Al-Sadi, R.1    Boivin, M.2    Ma, T.3
  • 33
    • 33644981348 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular mechanism of tumor necrosis factor-alpha modulation of intestinal epithelial tight junction barrier
    • Ye D, Ma I, Ma TY (2006) Molecular mechanism of tumor necrosis factor-alpha modulation of intestinal epithelial tight junction barrier. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 290: G496-504.
    • (2006) Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol , vol.290
    • Ye, D.1    Ma, I.2    Ma, T.Y.3
  • 34
    • 0037012994 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Supernatants of HIV-infected immune cells affect barrier function of human HT-29/B6 intestinal epithelial cells
    • Schmitz H, Rokos K, Florian P, Gitter AH, Fromm M, et al. (2002) Supernatants of HIV-infected immune cells affect barrier function of human HT-29/B6 intestinal epithelial cells. AIDS 16: 983-991.
    • (2002) AIDS , vol.16 , pp. 983-991
    • Schmitz, H.1    Rokos, K.2    Florian, P.3    Gitter, A.H.4    Fromm, M.5
  • 35
    • 0027398244 scopus 로고
    • Differences in cytokine secretion by intestinal mononuclear cells, peripheral blood monocytes and alveolar macrophages from HIV-infected patients
    • Steffen M, Reinecker HC, Petersen J, Doehn C, Pfluger I, et al. (1993) Differences in cytokine secretion by intestinal mononuclear cells, peripheral blood monocytes and alveolar macrophages from HIV-infected patients. Clin Exp Immunol 91: 30-36.
    • (1993) Clin Exp Immunol , vol.91 , pp. 30-36
    • Steffen, M.1    Reinecker, H.C.2    Petersen, J.3    Doehn, C.4    Pfluger, I.5
  • 36
    • 0028955191 scopus 로고
    • Diarrhoea in HIV-infected patients: No evidence of cytokine-mediated inflammation in jejunal mucosa
    • Snijders F, van Deventer SJ, Bartelsman JF, den Otter P, Jansen J, et al. (1995) Diarrhoea in HIV-infected patients: no evidence of cytokine-mediated inflammation in jejunal mucosa. Aids 9: 367-373.
    • (1995) Aids , vol.9 , pp. 367-373
    • Snijders, F.1    van Deventer, S.J.2    Bartelsman, J.F.3    den Otter, P.4    Jansen, J.5
  • 37
    • 33745011334 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNFalpha and IL-1beta in HIV-associated dementia
    • Brabers NA, Nottet HS (2006) Role of the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNFalpha and IL-1beta in HIV-associated dementia. Eur J Clin Invest 36: 447-458.
    • (2006) Eur J Clin Invest , vol.36 , pp. 447-458
    • Brabers, N.A.1    Nottet, H.S.2
  • 38
    • 45949088438 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HIV-1 Tat protein alter the tight junction integrity and function of retinal pigment epithelium: An in vitro study
    • Bai L, Zhang Z, Zhang H, Li X, Yu Q, et al. (2008) HIV-1 Tat protein alter the tight junction integrity and function of retinal pigment epithelium: an in vitro study. BMC Infect Dis 8: 77.
    • (2008) BMC Infect Dis , vol.8 , pp. 77
    • Bai, L.1    Zhang, Z.2    Zhang, H.3    Li, X.4    Yu, Q.5
  • 39
    • 0030747245 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epithelial cells as sensors for microbial infection
    • Kagnoff MF, Eckmann L (1997) Epithelial cells as sensors for microbial infection. J Clin Invest 100: 6-10.
    • (1997) J Clin Invest , vol.100 , pp. 6-10
    • Kagnoff, M.F.1    Eckmann, L.2
  • 40
    • 1342280570 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • TNF-alphainduced increase in intestinal epithelial tight junction permeability requires NFkappa B activation
    • Ma TY, Iwamoto GK, Hoa NT, Akotia V, Pedram A, et al. (2004) TNF-alphainduced increase in intestinal epithelial tight junction permeability requires NFkappa B activation. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 286: G367-376.
    • (2004) Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol , vol.286
    • Ma, T.Y.1    Iwamoto, G.K.2    Hoa, N.T.3    Akotia, V.4    Pedram, A.5
  • 41
    • 34447320193 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seminal plasma differentially regulates inflammatory cytokine gene expression in human cervical and vaginal epithelial cells
    • Sharkey DJ, Macpherson AM, Tremellen KP, Robertson SA (2007) Seminal plasma differentially regulates inflammatory cytokine gene expression in human cervical and vaginal epithelial cells. Mol Hum Reprod 13: 491-501.
    • (2007) Mol Hum Reprod , vol.13 , pp. 491-501
    • Sharkey, D.J.1    MacPherson, A.M.2    Tremellen, K.P.3    Robertson, S.A.4
  • 42
    • 0344033729 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seminal plasma induces mRNA expression of IL-1beta, IL-6 and LIF in endometrial epithelial cells in vitro
    • Gutsche S, von Wolff M, Strowitzki T, Thaler CJ (2003) Seminal plasma induces mRNA expression of IL-1beta, IL-6 and LIF in endometrial epithelial cells in vitro. Mol Hum Reprod 9: 785-791.
    • (2003) Mol Hum Reprod , vol.9 , pp. 785-791
    • Gutsche, S.1    von Wolff, M.2    Strowitzki, T.3    Thaler, C.J.4
  • 43
    • 36849093472 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Semenderived amyloid fibrils drastically enhance HIV infection
    • Munch J, Rucker E, Standker L, Adermann K, Goffinet C, et al. (2007) Semenderived amyloid fibrils drastically enhance HIV infection. Cell 131: 1059-1071.
    • (2007) Cell , vol.131 , pp. 1059-1071
    • Munch, J.1    Rucker, E.2    Standker, L.3    Adermann, K.4    Goffinet, C.5
  • 44
    • 0032813033 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transforming growth factor-beta1 preserves epithelial barrier function: Identification of receptors, biochemical intermediates, and cytokine antagonists
    • Planchon S, Fiocchi C, Takafuji V, Roche JK (1999) Transforming growth factor-beta1 preserves epithelial barrier function: identification of receptors, biochemical intermediates, and cytokine antagonists. J Cell Physiol 181: 55-66.
    • (1999) J Cell Physiol , vol.181 , pp. 55-66
    • Planchon, S.1    Fiocchi, C.2    Takafuji, V.3    Roche, J.K.4
  • 45
    • 34547801371 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Amplified transmission of HIV-1: Comparison of HIV-1 concentrations in semen and blood during acute and chronic infection
    • Pilcher CD, Joaki G, Hoffman IF, Martinson FE, Mapanje C, et al. (2007) Amplified transmission of HIV-1: comparison of HIV-1 concentrations in semen and blood during acute and chronic infection. Aids 21: 1723-1730.
    • (2007) Aids , vol.21 , pp. 1723-1730
    • Pilcher, C.D.1    Joaki, G.2    Hoffman, I.F.3    Martinson, F.E.4    Mapanje, C.5
  • 46
    • 0032928773 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection and quantification of HIV-1 in semen: Identification of a subpopulation of men at high potential risk of viral sexual transmission
    • Tachet A, Dulioust E, Salmon D, De Almeida M, Rivalland S, et al. (1999) Detection and quantification of HIV-1 in semen: identification of a subpopulation of men at high potential risk of viral sexual transmission. Aids 13: 823-831.
    • (1999) Aids , vol.13 , pp. 823-831
    • Tachet, A.1    Dulioust, E.2    Salmon, D.3    de Almeida, M.4    Rivalland, S.5
  • 47
    • 70349758502 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Persistent HIV RNA shedding in semen despite effective antiretroviral therapy
    • Sheth PM, Kovacs C, Kemal KS, Jones RB, Raboud JM, et al. (2009) Persistent HIV RNA shedding in semen despite effective antiretroviral therapy. Aids 23: 2050-2054.
    • (2009) Aids , vol.23 , pp. 2050-2054
    • Sheth, P.M.1    Kovacs, C.2    Kemal, K.S.3    Jones, R.B.4    Raboud, J.M.5
  • 48
    • 38149074165 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The genital tract immune milieu: An important determinant of HIV susceptibility and secondary transmission
    • Kaul R, Pettengell C, Sheth PM, Sunderji S, Biringer A, et al. (2008) The genital tract immune milieu: an important determinant of HIV susceptibility and secondary transmission. J Reprod Immunol 77: 32-40.
    • (2008) J Reprod Immunol , vol.77 , pp. 32-40
    • Kaul, R.1    Pettengell, C.2    Sheth, P.M.3    Sunderji, S.4    Biringer, A.5
  • 49
    • 36649018471 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Susceptibility of Human Female Primary Genital Epithelial Cells to Herpes Simplex Virus, Type-2 and the Effect of TLR3 Ligand and Sex Hormones on Infection
    • MacDonald EM, Savoy A, Gillgrass A, Fernandez S, Smieja M, et al. (2007) Susceptibility of Human Female Primary Genital Epithelial Cells to Herpes Simplex Virus, Type-2 and the Effect of TLR3 Ligand and Sex Hormones on Infection. Biol Reprod 77: 1049-1059.
    • (2007) Biol Reprod , vol.77 , pp. 1049-1059
    • MacDonald, E.M.1    Savoy, A.2    Gillgrass, A.3    Fernandez, S.4    Smieja, M.5
  • 50
    • 0031227976 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Superantigen activation of immune cells evokes epithelial (T84) transport and barrier abnormalities via IFN-gamma and TNF alpha: Inhibition of increased permeability, but not diminished secretory responses by TGF-beta2
    • McKay DM, Singh PK (1997) Superantigen activation of immune cells evokes epithelial (T84) transport and barrier abnormalities via IFN-gamma and TNF alpha: inhibition of increased permeability, but not diminished secretory responses by TGF-beta2. J Immunol 159: 2382-2390.
    • (1997) J Immunol , vol.159 , pp. 2382-2390
    • McKay, D.M.1    Singh, P.K.2
  • 51
    • 0026562720 scopus 로고
    • Detection of replication-competent and pseudotyped human immunodeficiency virus with a sensitive cell line on the basis of activation of an integrated beta-galactosidase gene
    • Kimpton J, Emerman M (1992) Detection of replication-competent and pseudotyped human immunodeficiency virus with a sensitive cell line on the basis of activation of an integrated beta-galactosidase gene. J Virol 66: 2232-2239.
    • (1992) J Virol , vol.66 , pp. 2232-2239
    • Kimpton, J.1    Emerman, M.2
  • 52
    • 44949231424 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analyzing real-time PCR data by the comparative C(T) method
    • Schmittgen TD, Livak KJ (2008) Analyzing real-time PCR data by the comparative C(T) method. Nat Protoc 3: 1101-1108.
    • (2008) Nat Protoc , vol.3 , pp. 1101-1108
    • Schmittgen, T.D.1    Livak, K.J.2
  • 53
    • 58249086367 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential induction of innate anti-viral responses by TLR ligands against Herpes simplex virus, type 2, infection in primary genital epithelium of women
    • Nazli A, Yao XD, Smieja M, Rosenthal KL, Ashkar AA, et al. (2009) Differential induction of innate anti-viral responses by TLR ligands against Herpes simplex virus, type 2, infection in primary genital epithelium of women. Antiviral Res 81: 103-112.
    • (2009) Antiviral Res , vol.81 , pp. 103-112
    • Nazli, A.1    Yao, X.D.2    Smieja, M.3    Rosenthal, K.L.4    Ashkar, A.A.5


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.