Dynamic acoustic control of individual optically active quantum dot-like emission centers in heterostructure nanowires

Nano Letters

Volumn 14, Issue 5, 2014, Pages 2256-2264

  Weiß, Matthias ^a   Kinzel, Jörg B ^a,b   Schülein, Florian J R ^a,b   Heigl, Michael ^a   Rudolph, Daniel ^b,c   Morkötter, Stefanie ^c   Döblinger, Markus ^b,d   Bichler, Max ^c   Abstreiter, Gerhard ^b,c,e   Finley, Jonathan J ^b,c   Koblmüller, Gregor ^b,c   Wixforth, Achim ^a,b,d   Krenner, Hubert J ^a,b,d  

^a UNIVERSITY OF AUGSBURG   (Germany)

^b NANOSYSTEMS INITIATIVE MUNICH NIM   (Germany)

^c WALTER SCHOTTKY INSTITUT   (Germany)

^d UNIVERSITY OF MUNICH   (Germany)

^e TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF MUNICH   (Germany)

Author keywords

defects; Nanowires; quantum dots; Stark effect; strain; surface acoustic waves; tunneling

Indexed keywords

ACOUSTIC SURFACE WAVE DEVICES; ACOUSTIC WAVES; DEFECTS; ELECTRON TUNNELING; GALLIUM; NANOWIRES; STARK EFFECT; STRAIN;

CARRIER EXTRACTION; EMISSION ENERGIES; INTENSITY OSCILLATIONS; MECHANICAL AND ELECTRICAL; NANOSECOND TIME SCALE; RADIAL HETEROSTRUCTURE; SPECTRAL OSCILLATIONS; SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVES;

SEMICONDUCTOR QUANTUM DOTS;

EID: 84900509103     PISSN: 15306984     EISSN: 15306992     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/nl4040434     Document Type: Article

References (54)

1. Capasso, F. Band-gap Engineering: From Physics and Materials to New Semiconductor Devices Science 1987, 235, 172-176
2. xAs-GaAs Laser Diodes Grown by Metalorganic Chemical Vapor Deposition Appl. Phys. Lett. 1978, 32, 295-297
3. Faist, J.; Capasso, F.; Sivco, D. L.; Sirtori, C.; Hutchinson, A. L.; Cho, A. Y. Quantum Cascade Laser Science 1994, 264, 553-556
4. Kapon, E.; Simhony, S.; Bhat, R.; Hwang, D. M. Single Quantum Wire Semiconductor Lasers Appl. Phys. Lett. 1989, 55, 2715-2717
5. Nomura, M.; Kumagai, N.; Iwamoto, S.; Ota, Y.; Arakawa, Y. Laser oscillation in a strongly coupled single-quantum-dot-nanocavity system Nat. Phys. 2010, 6, 279-283
6. Lauhon, L. J.; Gudiksen, M. S.; Wang, D.; Lieber, C. M. Epitaxial Core-shell and Core-multishell Nanowire Heterostructures Nature 2002, 420, 57-61
7. de la Mata, M.; Zhou, X.; Furtmayr, F.; Teubert, J.; Gradeĉak, S.; Eickhoff, M.; Fontcuberta i Morral, A.; Arbiol, J. A Review of MBE Grown 0D, 1D and 2D Quantum Structures in a Nanowire J. Mater. Chem. C 2013, 1, 4300-4312
8. Hyun, J. K.; Zhang, S.; Lauhon, L. J. Nanowire Heterostructures Annu. Rev. Mater. Res. 2013, 43, 451-479
9. Borgström, M. T.; Zwiller, V.; Müller, E.; Imamoglu, A. Optically Bright Quantum Dots in Single Nanowires Nano Lett. 2005, 5, 1439-1443
10. Reimer, M. E.; Bulgarini, G.; Akopian, N.; Hocevar, M.; Bavinck, M. B.; Verheijen, M. A.; Bakkers, E. P. A. M.; Kouwenhoven, L. P.; Zwiller, V. Bright Single-photon Sources in Bottom-up Tailored Nanowires. Nat. Commun. 2012, 3, No. 737.
11. Dalacu, D.; Mnaymneh, K.; Lapointe, J.; Wu, X.; Poole, P. J.; Bulgarini, G.; Zwiller, V.; Reimer, M. E. Ultraclean Emission from InAsP Quantum Dots in Defect-free Wurtzite InP Nanowires Nano Lett. 2012, 12, 5919-5923
12. Makhonin, M. N.; Foster, A. P.; Krysa, A. B.; Fry, P. W.; Davies, D. G.; Grange, T.; Walther, T.; Skolnick, M. S.; Wilson, L. R. Homogeneous Array of Nanowire-embedded Quantum Light Emitters Nano Lett. 2013, 13, 861-865
13. van Kouwen, M. P.; Reimer, M. E.; Hidma, A. W.; van Weert, M. H. M.; Algra, R. E.; Bakkers, E. P. A. M.; Kouwenhoven, L. P.; Zwiller, V. Single Electron Charging in Optically Active Nanowire Quantum Dots Nano Lett. 2010, 10, 1817-1822
14. Reimer, M. E.; van Kouwen, M. P.; Hidma, A. W.; van Weert, M. H. M.; Bakkers, E. P. A. M.; Kouwenhoven, L. P.; Zwiller, V. Electric Field Induced Removal of the Biexciton Binding Energy in a Single Quantum Dot Nano Lett. 2011, 11, 645-650
15. Schedelbeck, G.; Wegscheider, W.; Bichler, M.; Abstreiter, G. Coupled Quantum Dots Fabricated by Cleaved Edge Overgrowth: From Artificial Atoms to Molecules Science 1997, 278, 1792-1795
16. Krenner, H. J.; Sabathil, M.; Clark, E. C.; Kress, A.; Schuh, D.; Bichler, M.; Abstreiter, G.; Finley, J. J. Direct Observation of Controlled Coupling in an Individual Quantum Dot Molecule Phys. Rev. Lett. 2005, 94, 057402
17. Stinaff, E. A.; Scheibner, M.; Bracker, A. S.; Ponomarev, I. V.; Korenev, V. L.; Ware, M. E.; Doty, M. F.; Reinecke, T. L.; Gammon, D. Optical Signatures of Coupled Quantum Dots Science 2006, 311, 636-639
18. Mazur, Y. I.; Dorogan, V. G.; Guzun, D.; Marega, E.; Salamo, G. J.; Tarasov, G. G.; Govorov, A. O.; Vasa, P.; Lienau, C. Measurement of Coherent Tunneling Between InGaAs Quantum Wells and InAs Quantum Dots Using Photoluminescence Spectroscopy Phys. Rev. B 2010, 82, 155413
19. Fontcuberta i Morral, A.; Spirkoska, D.; Arbiol, J.; Heigoldt, M.; Ramon Morante, J.; Abstreiter, G. Prismatic Quantum Heterostructures Synthesized on Molecular-beam Epitaxy GaAs Nanowires Small 2008, 4, 899-903
20. Uccelli, E.; Arbiol, J.; Morante, J. R.; Fontcuberta i Morral, A. InAs Quantum Dot Arrays Decorating the Facets of GaAs Nanowires ACS Nano 2010, 4, 5985-5993
21. Heiss, M. Self-assembled Quantum Dots in a Nanowire System for Quantum Photonics Nat. Mater. 2013, 12, 439-44
22. Kinzel, J. B.; Rudolph, D.; Bichler, M.; Abstreiter, G.; Finley, J. J.; Koblmüller, G.; Wixforth, A.; Krenner, H. J. Directional and Dynamic Modulation of the Optical Emission of an Individual GaAs Nanowire Using Surface Acoustic Waves Nano Lett. 2011, 11, 1512-1517
23. Hernández-Mínguez, A.; Möller, M.; Breuer, S.; Pfüller, C.; Somaschini, C.; Lazić, S.; Brandt, O.; García-Cristóbal, A.; de Lima, M. M.; Cantarero, A.; Geelhaar, L.; Riechert, H.; Santos, P. V. Acoustically Driven Photon Antibunching in Nanowires Nano Lett. 2012, 12, 252-258
24. Regler, M. E.; Krenner, H. J.; Green, A. A.; Hersam, M. C.; Wixforth, A.; Hartschuh, A. Controlling Exciton Decay Dynamics in Semiconducting Single-walled Carbon Nanotubes by Surface Acoustic Waves Chem. Phys. 2013, 413, 39-44
25. Rocke, C.; Zimmermann, S.; Wixforth, A.; Kotthaus, J. P.; Böhm, G.; Weimann, G. Acoustically Driven Storage of Light in a Quantum Well Phys. Rev. Lett. 1997, 78, 4099-4102
26. Wiele, C.; Haake, F.; Rocke, C.; Wixforth, A. Photon trains and lasing: The periodically pumped quantum dot Phys. Rev. A 1998, 58, R2680-R2683
27. Bödefeld, C.; Ebbecke, J.; Toivonen, J.; Sopanen, M.; Lipsanen, H.; Wixforth, A. Experimental Investigation Towards a Periodically Pumped Single-Photon Source Phys. Rev. B 2006, 74, 035407
28. Couto, O. D. D.; Lazić, S.; Iikawa, F.; Stotz, J. A. H.; Jahn, U.; Hey, R.; Santos, P. V. Photon Anti-bunching in Acoustically Pumped Quantum Dots Nat. Photonics 2009, 3, 645-648
29. Völk, S.; Schülein, F. J. R.; Knall, F.; Reuter, D.; Wieck, A. D.; Truong, T. A.; Kim, H.; Petroff, P. M.; Wixforth, A.; Krenner, H. J. Enhanced Sequential Carrier Capture into Individual Quantum Dots and Quantum Posts Controlled by Surface Acoustic Waves Nano Lett. 2010, 10, 3399-3407
30. Rudolph, D.; Hertenberger, S.; Bolte, S.; Paosangthong, W.; Spirkoska, D.; Döblinger, M.; Bichler, M.; Finley, J. J.; Abstreiter, G.; Koblmüller, G. Direct Observation of a Noncatalytic Growth Regime for GaAs Nanowires Nano Lett. 2011, 11, 3848-3854
31. Rudolph, D.; Funk, S.; Döblinger, M.; Morkötter, S.; Hertenberger, S.; Schweickert, L.; Becker, J.; Matich, S.; Bichler, M.; Spirkoska, D.; Zardo, I.; Finley, J. J.; Abstreiter, G.; Koblmüller, G. Spontaneous Alloy Composition Ordering in GaAs-AlGaAs Core-shell Nanowires Nano Lett. 2013, 13, 1522-1527
32. Völk, S.; Knall, F.; Schülein, F. J. R.; Truong, T. A.; Kim, H.; Petroff, P. M.; Wixforth, A.; Krenner, H. J. Direct Observation of Dynamic Surface Acoustic Wave Controlled Carrier Injection into Single Quantum Posts Using Phase-resolved Optical Spectroscopy Appl. Phys. Lett. 2011, 98, 023109
33. Fuhrmann, D. A.; Thon, S. M.; Kim, H.; Bouwmeester, D.; Petroff, P. M.; Wixforth, A.; Krenner, H. J. Dynamic Modulation of Photonic Crystal Nanocavities Using Gigahertz Acoustic Phonons Nat. Photonics 2011, 5, 605-609
34. Spirkoska, D. Structural and Optical Properties of High Quality Zinc-blende/Wurtzite GaAs Nanowire Heterostructures Phys. Rev. B 2009, 80, 245325
35. Funk, S. High Mobility One- and Two-dimensional Electron Systems in Nanowire-based Quantum Heterostructures Nano Lett. 2013, 13, 6189-6196
36. Brunner, K.; Abstreiter, G.; Böhm, G.; Tränkle, G.; Weimann, G. Sharp-line Photoluminescence and Two-photon Absorption of Zero-dimensional Biexcitons in a GaAs/AlGaAs Structure Phys. Rev. Lett. 1994, 73, 1138-1141
37. Schülein, F. J. R.; Müller, K.; Bichler, M.; Koblmüller, G.; Finley, J. J.; Wixforth, A.; Krenner, H. J. Acoustically Regulated Carrier Injection into a Single Optically Active Quantum Dot Phys. Rev. B 2013, 88, 085307
38. Sogawa, T.; Santos, P. V.; Zhang, S. K.; Eshlaghi, S.; Wieck, A. D.; Ploog, K. H. Transport and Lifetime Enhancement of Photoexcited Spins in GaAs by Surface Acoustic Waves Phys. Rev. Lett. 2001, 87, 276601
39. Gell, J. R.; Ward, M. B.; Young, R. J.; Stevenson, R. M.; Atkinson, P.; Anderson, D.; Jones, G. A. C.; Ritchie, D. A.; Shields, A. J. Modulation of Single Quantum Dot Energy Levels by a Surface-acoustic-wave Appl. Phys. Lett. 2008, 93, 081115
40. Metcalfe, M.; Carr, S. M.; Muller, A.; Solomon, G. S.; Lawall, J. Resolved Sideband Emission of InAs/GaAs Quantum Dots Strained by Surface Acoustic Waves Phys. Rev. Lett. 2010, 105, 037401
41. Santos, P. V.; Alsina, F.; Stotz, J. A. H.; Hey, R.; Eshlaghi, S.; Wieck, A. D. Band Mixing and Ambipolar Transport by Surface Acoustic Waves in GaAs Quantum Wells Phys. Rev. B 2004, 69, 155318
42. 0.22As Solid State Commun. 1990, 76, 1087-1091
43. Pollak, F.; Cardona, M. Piezo-Electroreflectance in Ge, GaAs, and Si Phys. Rev. 1968, 172, 816-837
44. Vurgaftman, I.; Meyer, J. R.; Ram-Mohan, L. R. Band Parameters for III-V Compound Semiconductors and Their Alloys J. Appl. Phys. 2001, 89, 5815-5875
45. Polland, H.-J.; Schultheis, L.; Kuhl, J.; Göbel, E. O.; Tu, C. W. Lifetime Enhancement of Two-Dimensional Excitons by the Quantum-Confined Stark Effect Phys. Rev. Lett. 1985, 55, 2610-2613
46. Völk, S.; Knall, F.; Schülein, F. J. R.; Truong, T. A.; Kim, H.; Petroff, P. M.; Wixforth, A.; Krenner, H. J. Surface Acoustic Wave Mediated Carrier Injection into Individual Quantum Post Nano Emitters Nanotechnology 2012, 23, 285201
47. Fry, P. W.; Finley, J. J.; Wilson, L. R.; Lemaitre, A.; Mowbray, D. J.; Skolnick, M. S.; Hopkinson, M.; Hill, G.; Clark, J. C. Electric-field-dependent Carrier Capture and Escape in Self-assembled InAs/GaAs Quantum Dots Appl. Phys. Lett. 2000, 77, 4344-4346
48. Krenner, H. J.; Pryor, C. E.; He, J.; Petroff, P. M. A Semiconductor Exciton Memory Cell Based on a Single Quantum Nanostructure Nano Lett. 2008, 8, 1750-1755
49. Müller, K.; Bechtold, A.; Ruppert, C.; Zecherle, M.; Reithmaier, G.; Bichler, M.; Krenner, H. J.; Abstreiter, G.; Holleitner, A. W.; Villas-Boas, J. M.; Betz, M.; Finley, J. J. Electrical Control of Interdot Electron Tunneling in a Double InGaAs Quantum-Dot Nanostructure Phys. Rev. Lett. 2012, 108, 197402
50. 2 breakdown model for very low voltage lifetime extrapolation IEEE Trans. Electron Devices 1994, 41, 761-767
51. Algra, R. E.; Hocevar, M.; Verheijen, M. A.; Zardo, I.; Immink, G. G. W.; van Enckevort, W. J. P.; Abstreiter, G.; Kouwenhoven, L. P.; Vlieg, E.; Bakkers, E. P. A. M. Crystal Structure Transfer in Core/Shell Nanowires Nano Lett. 2011, 11, 1690-1694
52. Rotter, M.; Kalameitsev, A. V.; Govorov, A. O.; Ruile, W.; Wixforth, A. Charge Conveyance and Nonlinear Acoustoelectric Phenomena for Intense Surface Acoustic Waves on a Semiconductor Quantum Well Phys. Rev. Lett. 1999, 82, 2171-2174
53. Hermelin, S.; Takada, S.; Yamamoto, M.; Tarucha, S.; Wieck, A. D.; Saminadayar, L.; Bäuerle, C.; Meunier, T. Electrons Surfing on a Sound Wave as a Platform for Quantum Optics with Flying Electrons Nature 2011, 477, 435-438
54. McNeil, R. P. G.; Kataoka, M.; Ford, C. J. B.; Barnes, C. H. W.; Anderson, D.; Jones, G. A. C.; Farrer, I.; Ritchie, D. A. On-demand Single-electron Transfer Between Distant Quantum Dots Nature 2011, 477, 439-442