메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 15, Issue 2, 2014, Pages 123-131

Functional MRI-based lie detection: Scientific and societal challenges

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CLINICAL LABORATORY; ETHICS; FORENSIC MEDICINE; FUNCTIONAL MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; FUNCTIONAL NEUROIMAGING; HUMAN; LEGAL ASPECT; META ANALYSIS; POLICY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; SCIENTIFIC MISCONDUCT; SOCIAL ASPECT;

EID: 84892708969     PISSN: 1471003X     EISSN: 14710048     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/nrn3665     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (156)

References (76)
  • 1
    • 0041439164 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National Research Council. The National Academies
    • National Research Council. The polygraph and lie detection (The National Academies, 2003).
    • (2003) The Polygraph and Lie Detection
  • 2
    • 70349655604 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neural correlates of deception Soc
    • Ganis, G. & Keenan, J. P. Neural correlates of deception Soc. Neurosci. 465-472 (2009).
    • (2009) Neurosci. , pp. 465-472
    • Ganis, G.1    Keenan, J.P.2
  • 4
    • 0035903799 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Behavioural and functional anatomical correlates of deception in humans
    • Spence, S. A. et al. Behavioural and functional anatomical correlates of deception in humans. Neuroreport 12, 2849-2853 (2001).
    • (2001) Neuroreport , vol.12 , pp. 2849-2853
    • Spence, S.A.1
  • 5
    • 0036331277 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brain activity during simulated deception: An event-related functional magnetic resonance study
    • Langleben, D. D. et al. Brain activity during simulated deception: an event-related functional magnetic resonance study. Neuroimage 15, 727-732 (2002).
    • (2002) Neuroimage , vol.15 , pp. 727-732
    • Langleben, D.D.1
  • 6
    • 0036192123 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lie detection by functional magnetic resonance imaging
    • Lee, T. M. C. et al. Lie detection by functional magnetic resonance imaging. Hum. Brain Mapp. 15, 157-164 (2002).
    • (2002) Hum. Brain Mapp. , vol.15 , pp. 157-164
    • Lee, T.M.C.1
  • 7
    • 47149111663 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • FMRI investigation of the cognitive structure of the Concealed Information Test
    • Hakun, J. G. et al. fMRI investigation of the cognitive structure of the Concealed Information Test. Neurocase 14, 59-67 (2008).
    • (2008) Neurocase , vol.14 , pp. 59-67
    • Hakun, J.G.1
  • 8
    • 27644460709 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detecting deception using functional magnetic resonance imaging
    • Kozel, F. A. et al. Detecting deception using functional magnetic resonance imaging. Biol. Psychiatry 58, 605-613 (2005).
    • (2005) Biol. Psychiatry , vol.58 , pp. 605-613
    • Kozel, F.A.1
  • 10
    • 47149090055 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detecting concealed information using brain-imaging technology
    • Bles, M. & Haynes, J.-D. Detecting concealed information using brain-imaging technology. Neurocase 14, 82-92 (2008).
    • (2008) Neurocase , vol.14 , pp. 82-92
    • Bles, M.1    Haynes, J.-D.2
  • 11
    • 67649443967 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The contributions of prefrontal cortex and executive control to deception: Evidence from activation likelihood estimate meta-analyses
    • Christ, S. E. , van Essen, D. C. , Watson, J. M. , Brubaker, L. E. & McDermott, K. B. The contributions of prefrontal cortex and executive control to deception: evidence from activation likelihood estimate meta-analyses. Cereb. Cortex 19, 1557-1566 (2009).
    • (2009) Cereb. Cortex , vol.19 , pp. 1557-1566
    • Christ, S.E.1    Van Essen, D.C.2    Watson, J.M.3    Brubaker, L.E.4    McDermott, K.B.5
  • 13
    • 69249093024 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coordinate-based activation likelihood estimation meta-analysis of neuroimaging data: A random-effects approach based on empirical estimates of spatial uncertainty
    • Eickhoff, S. B. et al. Coordinate-based activation likelihood estimation meta-analysis of neuroimaging data: a random-effects approach based on empirical estimates of spatial uncertainty. Hum. Brain Mapp. 30, 2907-2926 (2009).
    • (2009) Hum. Brain Mapp. , vol.30 , pp. 2907-2926
    • Eickhoff, S.B.1
  • 14
    • 84863514246 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • FMRI-activation patterns in the detection of concealed information rely on memory-related effects
    • Gamer, M. , Klimecki, O. , Bauermann, T. , Stoeter, P. & Vossel, G. fMRI-activation patterns in the detection of concealed information rely on memory-related effects. Soc. Cogn. Affect. Neurosci. 7, 506-515 (2012).
    • (2012) Soc. Cogn. Affect. Neurosci. , vol.7 , pp. 506-515
    • Gamer, M.1    Klimecki, O.2    Bauermann, T.3    Stoeter, P.4    Vossel, G.5
  • 15
    • 84892725490 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In using imaging to identify deceit: Scientific and ethical questions
    • eds Bizzi, E. et al.
    • Kanwisher, N. in Using Imaging to Identify Deceit: Scientific and Ethical Questions (eds Bizzi, E. et al. ) 7-13 (American Academy of Arts and Sciences, 2009).
    • (2009) American Academy of Arts and Sciences , pp. 7-13
    • Kanwisher, N.1
  • 16
    • 28744458833 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Telling truth from lie in individual subjects with fast event-related fMRI
    • Langleben, D. D. et al. Telling truth from lie in individual subjects with fast event-related fMRI. Hum. Brain Mapp. 26, 262-272 (2005).
    • (2005) Hum. Brain Mapp. , vol.26 , pp. 262-272
    • Langleben, D.D.1
  • 17
    • 27544453543 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Classifying spatial patterns of brain activity with machine learning methods: Application to lie detection
    • Davatzikos, C. et al. Classifying spatial patterns of brain activity with machine learning methods: application to lie detection. Neuroimage 28, 663-668 (2005).
    • (2005) Neuroimage , vol.28 , pp. 663-668
    • Davatzikos, C.1
  • 18
    • 68149100893 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patterns of neural activity associated with honest and dishonest moral decisions
    • Greene, J. D. & Paxton, J. M. Patterns of neural activity associated with honest and dishonest moral decisions. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 106, 12506-12511 (2009).
    • (2009) Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA , vol.106 , pp. 12506-12511
    • Greene, J.D.1    Paxton, J.M.2
  • 19
    • 4544294534 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A pilot study of functional magnetic resonance imaging brain correlates of deception in healthy young men
    • Kozel, F. A. et al. A pilot study of functional magnetic resonance imaging brain correlates of deception in healthy young men. J. Neuropsychiatry Clin. Neurosci. 16, 295-305 (2004).
    • (2004) J. Neuropsychiatry Clin. Neurosci. , vol.16 , pp. 295-305
    • Kozel, F.A.1
  • 20
    • 3242802949 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A replication study of the neural correlates of deception
    • Kozel, F. A. , Padgett, T. M. & George, M. S. A replication study of the neural correlates of deception. Behav. Neurosci. 118, 852-856 (2004).
    • (2004) Behav. Neurosci. , vol.118 , pp. 852-856
    • Kozel, F.A.1    Padgett, T.M.2    George, M.S.3
  • 21
    • 70349671088 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection of deception using fMRI: Better than chance, but well below perfection
    • Monteleone, G. T. et al. Detection of deception using fMRI: better than chance, but well below perfection. Soc. Neurosci. 4, 528-538 (2009).
    • (2009) Soc. Neurosci. , vol.4 , pp. 528-538
    • Monteleone, G.T.1
  • 22
    • 58149190198 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional MRI detection of deception after committing a mock sabotage crime
    • Kozel, F. A. et al. Functional MRI detection of deception after committing a mock sabotage crime. J. Forensic Sci. 54, 220-231 (2009).
    • (2009) J. Forensic Sci. , vol.54 , pp. 220-231
    • Kozel, F.A.1
  • 23
    • 70349861745 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Feature selection for fMRI-based deception detection
    • Jin, B. et al. Feature selection for fMRI-based deception detection. BMC Bioinformatics 10 (Suppl. 9), S15 (2009).
    • (2009) BMC Bioinformatics , vol.10 , Issue.SUPPL. 9
    • Jin, B.1
  • 24
    • 58149302690 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Disclosing concealed information on the basis of cortical activations
    • Nose, I. , Murai, J. & Taira, M. Disclosing concealed information on the basis of cortical activations. Neuroimage 44, 1380-1386 (2009).
    • (2009) Neuroimage , vol.44 , pp. 1380-1386
    • Nose, I.1    Murai, J.2    Taira, M.3
  • 25
    • 84892773084 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • I want to lie about not knowing you, but my precuneus refuses to cooperate
    • Lee, T. M. C. , Leung, M.-K. , Lee, T. M. Y. , Raine, A. & Chan, C. C. H. I want to lie about not knowing you, but my precuneus refuses to cooperate. Sci. Rep. 3, 1636 (2013).
    • (2013) Sci. Rep. , vol.3 , pp. 1636
    • Lee, T.M.C.1    Leung, M.-K.2    Lee, T.M.Y.3    Raine, A.4    Chan, C.C.H.5
  • 26
    • 70349793410 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neural processes underlying self-and other-related lies: An individual difference approach using fMRI
    • Ganis, G. , Morris, R. R. & Kosslyn, S. M. Neural processes underlying self-and other-related lies: an individual difference approach using fMRI. Soc. Neurosci. 4, 539-553 (2009).
    • (2009) Soc. Neurosci. , vol.4 , pp. 539-553
    • Ganis, G.1    Morris, R.R.2    Kosslyn, S.M.3
  • 27
    • 84855322740 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The psychopath magnetized: Insights from brain imaging
    • Anderson, N. E. & Kiehl, K. A. The psychopath magnetized: insights from brain imaging. Trends Cogn. Sci. 16, 52-60 (2012).
    • (2012) Trends Cogn. Sci. , vol.16 , pp. 52-60
    • Anderson, N.E.1    Kiehl, K.A.2
  • 28
    • 27744453580 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emerging neurotechnologies for lie-detection: Promises and perils
    • Wolpe, P. R. , Foster, K. R. & Langleben, D. D. Emerging neurotechnologies for lie-detection: promises and perils. Am. J. Bioeth. 5, 39-49 (2005).
    • (2005) Am. J. Bioeth. , vol.5 , pp. 39-49
    • Wolpe, P.R.1    Foster, K.R.2    Langleben, D.D.3
  • 29
    • 84877346892 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A functional MRI study of deception among offenders with antisocial personality disorders
    • Jiang, W. et al. A functional MRI study of deception among offenders with antisocial personality disorders. Neuroscience 244, 90-98 (2013).
    • (2013) Neuroscience , vol.244 , pp. 90-98
    • Jiang, W.1
  • 30
    • 31144459765 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brain mapping of deception and truth telling about an ecologically valid situation: Functional MR imaging and polygraph investigation-initial experience
    • Mohamed, F. B. et al. Brain mapping of deception and truth telling about an ecologically valid situation: functional MR imaging and polygraph investigation-initial experience. Radiology 238, 679-688 (2006).
    • (2006) Radiology , vol.238 , pp. 679-688
    • Mohamed, F.B.1
  • 31
    • 74049164071 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The neurobiology of deception: Evidence from neuroimaging and loss-of-function studies
    • Abe, N. The neurobiology of deception: evidence from neuroimaging and loss-of-function studies. Curr. Opin. Neurol. 22, 594-600 (2009).
    • (2009) Curr. Opin. Neurol. , vol.22 , pp. 594-600
    • Abe, N.1
  • 32
    • 0028040173 scopus 로고
    • Practice-related changes in human brain functional anatomy during nonmotor learning
    • Raichle, M. E. et al. Practice-related changes in human brain functional anatomy during nonmotor learning. Cereb. Cortex 4, 8-26 (1994).
    • (1994) Cereb. Cortex , vol.4 , pp. 8-26
    • Raichle, M.E.1
  • 33
    • 84870914208 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A repeated lie becomes a truth? the effect of intentional control and training on deception
    • Hu, X. , Chen, H. & Fu, G. A repeated lie becomes a truth? The effect of intentional control and training on deception. Front. Psychol. 3, 488 (2012).
    • (2012) Front. Psychol. , vol.3 , pp. 488
    • Hu, X.1    Chen, H.2    Fu, G.3
  • 34
    • 84875449978 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Can you catch a liar? How negative emotions affect brain responses when lying or telling the truth
    • Proverbio, A. M. , Vanutelli, M. E. & Adorni, R. Can you catch a liar? How negative emotions affect brain responses when lying or telling the truth. PLoS ONE 8, e59383 (2013).
    • (2013) PLoS ONE , vol.8
    • Proverbio, A.M.1    Vanutelli, M.E.2    Adorni, R.3
  • 35
    • 32544440180 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emotion and cognition: Insights from studies of the human amygdala
    • Phelps, E. A. Emotion and cognition: insights from studies of the human amygdala. Annu. Rev. Psychol. 57, 27-53 (2006).
    • (2006) Annu. Rev. Psychol. , vol.57 , pp. 27-53
    • Phelps, E.A.1
  • 36
    • 0034212432 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognitive and emotional influences in anterior cingulate cortex
    • Bush, G. , Luu, P. & Posner, M. I. Cognitive and emotional influences in anterior cingulate cortex. Trends Cogn. Sci. 4, 215-222 (2000).
    • (2000) Trends Cogn. Sci. , vol.4 , pp. 215-222
    • Bush, G.1    Luu, P.2    Posner, M.I.3
  • 37
    • 78649482242 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insula and orbital frontal cortex activity underlying emotion interference resolution in working memory
    • Levens, S. M. & Phelps, E. A. Insula and orbital frontal cortex activity underlying emotion interference resolution in working memory. J. Cogn. Neurosci. 22, 2790-2803 (2010).
    • (2010) J. Cogn. Neurosci. , vol.22 , pp. 2790-2803
    • Levens, S.M.1    Phelps, E.A.2
  • 38
    • 77957860637 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lying about the valence of affective pictures: An fMRI study
    • Lee, T. M. C. , Lee, T. M. Y. , Raine, A. & Chan, C. C. H. Lying about the valence of affective pictures: an fMRI study. PLoS ONE 5, e12291 (2010).
    • (2010) PLoS ONE , vol.5
    • Lee, T.M.C.1    Lee, T.M.Y.2    Raine, A.3    Chan, C.C.H.4
  • 39
    • 84892750243 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Strategic influences on memory expression: Effects of countermeasures and memory strength on the neural decoding of past experience
    • Uncapher, M. R. , Chow, T. , Rissman, J. , Eberhart, J. & Wagner, A. D. Strategic influences on memory expression: effects of countermeasures and memory strength on the neural decoding of past experience. Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. 905. 13 (2012).
    • (2012) Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. , vol.905 , pp. 13
    • Uncapher, M.R.1    Chow, T.2    Rissman, J.3    Eberhart, J.4    Wagner, A.D.5
  • 40
    • 77953110924 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detecting individual memories through the neural decoding of memory states and past experience
    • Rissman, J. , Greely, H. T. & Wagner, A. D. Detecting individual memories through the neural decoding of memory states and past experience. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 107, 9849-9854 (2010).
    • (2010) Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA , vol.107 , pp. 9849-9854
    • Rissman, J.1    Greely, H.T.2    Wagner, A.D.3
  • 41
    • 84892751724 scopus 로고
    • United States, 293 F1013 D. C. Cir.
    • Frye v. United States, 293 F1013 (D. C. Cir. 1923).
    • (1923)
    • Frye, V.1
  • 44
    • 84884593316 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • United States of America v.
    • United States of America v. Lorne Allan Semrau 07-10074 (2010).
    • (2010) Lorne Allan Semrau 07-10074
  • 46
    • 77958122294 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Can bad science be good evidence - neuroscience, lie detection and beyond
    • Schauer, F. Can bad science be good evidence - neuroscience, lie detection and beyond. Cornell Law Rev. 95, 1191-1220 (2009).
    • (2009) Cornell Law Rev. , vol.95 , pp. 1191-1220
    • Schauer, F.1
  • 47
    • 84883502457 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Using brain imaging for lie detection: Where science, law, and policy collide
    • Langleben, D. D. & Moriarty, J. C. Using brain imaging for lie detection: where science, law, and policy collide. Psychol. Public Policy Law 19, 222-234 (2005).
    • (2005) Psychol. Public Policy Law , vol.19 , pp. 222-234
    • Langleben, D.D.1    Moriarty, J.C.2
  • 49
    • 34548555340 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuroscience-based lie detection: The urgent need for regulation
    • Greely, H. T. & Illes, J. Neuroscience-based lie detection: the urgent need for regulation. Am. J. Law Med. 33, 377-431 (2007).
    • (2007) Am. J. Law Med. , vol.33 , pp. 377-431
    • Greely, H.T.1    Illes, J.2
  • 50
    • 34548561245 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Imaging body structure and mapping brain function: A historical approach
    • Tovino, S. A. Imaging body structure and mapping brain function: a historical approach. Am. J. Law Med. 33, 193-228 (2007).
    • (2007) Am. J. Law Med. , vol.33 , pp. 193-228
    • Tovino, S.A.1
  • 52
    • 34548711385 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interrogational neuroimaging in counterterrorism: A 'no-brainer' or a human rights hazard? Am
    • Marks, J. H. Interrogational neuroimaging in counterterrorism: a 'no-brainer' or a human rights hazard? Am. J. Law Med. 33, 483-500 (2007).
    • (2007) J. Law Med. , vol.33 , pp. 483-500
    • Marks, J.H.1
  • 53
    • 84857986198 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Incriminating thoughts
    • Farahany, N. A. Incriminating thoughts. Stanford Law Rev. 64, 351 (2012).
    • (2012) Stanford Law Rev. , vol.64 , pp. 351
    • Farahany, N.A.1
  • 55
    • 84876885498 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuroscience, mental privacy, and the law
    • Shen, F. X. Neuroscience, mental privacy, and the law. Harvard J. Law Public Policy 36, 653-713 (2013).
    • (2013) Harvard J. Law Public Policy , vol.36 , pp. 653-713
    • Shen, F.X.1
  • 56
    • 34548718134 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emerging neurotechnologies for lie detection and the Fifth Amendment
    • Stoller, S. E. & Wolpe, P. R. Emerging neurotechnologies for lie detection and the Fifth Amendment. Am. J. Law Med. 33, 359-375 (2007).
    • (2007) Am. J. Law Med. , vol.33 , pp. 359-375
    • Stoller, S.E.1    Wolpe, P.R.2
  • 59
    • 84947389309 scopus 로고
    • Nonverbal leakage and clues to deception
    • Ekman, P. & Friesen, W. V. Nonverbal leakage and clues to deception. Psychiatry 32, 88-106 (1969).
    • (1969) Psychiatry , vol.32 , pp. 88-106
    • Ekman, P.1    Friesen, W.V.2
  • 61
    • 85047693720 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cues to deception
    • DePaulo, B. M. et al. Cues to deception. Psychol. Bull. 129, 74-118 (2003).
    • (2003) Psychol. Bull. , vol.129 , pp. 74-118
    • Depaulo, B.M.1
  • 63
    • 51049096810 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nonverbal dominance versus verbal accuracy in lie detection a plea to change police practice
    • Vrij, A. Nonverbal dominance versus verbal accuracy in lie detection a plea to change police practice. Crim. Justice Behav. 35, 1323-1336 (2008).
    • (2008) Crim. Justice Behav. , vol.35 , pp. 1323-1336
    • Vrij, A.1
  • 64
    • 84892632307 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Embar-Seddon, A. & Pass, A. D. Salem
    • Schafer, E. D. in Forensic Science (Embar-Seddon, A. & Pass, A. D. ) 40 (Salem, 2008).
    • (2008) Forensic Science , pp. 40
    • Schafer, E.D.1
  • 65
    • 0347076249 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The lie detector, wonder woman and liberty: The life and works of William Moulton Marston
    • Bunn, G. C. The lie detector, wonder woman and liberty: the life and works of William Moulton Marston. Hist. Hum. Sci. 10, 91-119 (1997).
    • (1997) Hist. Hum. Sci. , vol.10 , pp. 91-119
    • Bunn, G.C.1
  • 66
    • 0023019689 scopus 로고
    • Trial by polygraph: Scientific and juridical issues in lie detection
    • Ben-Shakhar, G. , Bar-Hillel, M. & Lieblich, I. Trial by polygraph: scientific and juridical issues in lie detection. Behav. Sci. Law 4, 459-479 (1986).
    • (1986) Behav. Sci. Law , vol.4 , pp. 459-479
    • Ben-Shakhar, G.1    Bar-Hillel, M.2    Lieblich, I.3
  • 68
    • 0035113257 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Using brain MERMER testing to detect knowledge despite efforts to conceal
    • Farwell, L. A. & Smith, S. S. Using brain MERMER testing to detect knowledge despite efforts to conceal. J. Forensic Sci. 46, 135-143 (2001).
    • (2001) J. Forensic Sci. , vol.46 , pp. 135-143
    • Farwell, L.A.1    Smith, S.S.2
  • 69
    • 67650888566 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuroimaging, culture, and forensic psychiatry
    • Aggarwal, N. K. Neuroimaging, culture, and forensic psychiatry. J. Am. Acad. Psychiat Law 37, 239-244 (2009).
    • (2009) J. Am. Acad. Psychiat Law , vol.37 , pp. 239-244
    • Aggarwal, N.K.1
  • 70
    • 71849097305 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional near-infrared spectroscopy to investigate hemodynamic responses to deception in the prefrontal cortex
    • Tian, F. , Sharma, V. , Kozel, F. A. & Liu, H. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy to investigate hemodynamic responses to deception in the prefrontal cortex. Brain Res. 1303, 120-130 (2009).
    • (2009) Brain Res. , vol.1303 , pp. 120-130
    • Tian, F.1    Sharma, V.2    Kozel, F.A.3    Liu, H.4
  • 74
    • 0026194981 scopus 로고
    • Why (some) Americans believe in the lie detector while others believe in the guilty knowledge test
    • Lykken, D. T. Why (some) Americans believe in the lie detector while others believe in the guilty knowledge test. Integr. Physiol. Behav. Sci. 26, 214-222 (1991).
    • (1991) Integr. Physiol. Behav. Sci. , vol.26 , pp. 214-222
    • Lykken, D.T.1
  • 75
    • 0036779629 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trial by polygraph: Reconsidering the use of the guilty knowledge technique in court
    • Ben-Shakhar, G. , Bar-Hillel, M. & Kremnitzer, M. Trial by polygraph: reconsidering the use of the guilty knowledge technique in court. Law Hum. Behav. 26, 527-541 (2002).
    • (2002) Law Hum. Behav. , vol.26 , pp. 527-541
    • Ben-Shakhar, G.1    Bar-Hillel, M.2    Kremnitzer, M.3
  • 76
    • 27344452992 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A population-average, landmark-and surface-based (PALS) atlas of the human cerebral cortex
    • Van Essen, D. C. A population-average, landmark-and surface-based (PALS) atlas of the human cerebral cortex. Neuroimage 28, 635-662 (2005).
    • (2005) Neuroimage , vol.28 , pp. 635-662
    • Van Essen, D.C.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.