메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn , Issue , 2009, Pages 117-123

Gonadal Steroids

Author keywords

Androgen receptor; Androgens; Endosteum; Estrogen receptor ; Estrogen receptor ; Estrogens; Genomic sex steroid action; Nongenomic sex steroid action; Osteoporosis; Periosteum; Progesterone; Progesterone receptor; Sex steroid receptors; Trabecular bone

Indexed keywords


EID: 84889495729     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1002/9780470623992.ch24     Document Type: Chapter
Times cited : (3)

References (84)
  • 1
    • 0002134385 scopus 로고
    • Metabolie bone disease: Osteo-porosis
    • Albright F, Reifenstein EC (eds.), Williams and Wilkins, Bal-timore, MD, USA
    • Albright F, Reifenstein EC 1948 Metabolie bone disease: Osteo-porosis. In: Albright F, Reifenstein EC (eds.) The Parathyroid Glands and Metabolie Bone Disease. Williams and Wilkins, Bal-timore, MD, USA, pp. 145-204.
    • (1948) The Parathyroid Glands and Metabolie Bone Disease , pp. 145-204
    • Albright, F.1    Reifenstein, E.C.2
  • 2
    • 84967614664 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sex Steroids and the construction and conservation of the adult skeleton
    • Riggs BL, Khosla S, Melton LJ III 2002 Sex Steroids and the construction and conservation of the adult skeleton. Endocr Rev 23:279-302.
    • (2002) Endocr Rev , vol.23 , pp. 279-302
    • Riggs, B.L.1    Khosla, S.2    Melton III, L.J.3
  • 4
    • 0025336236 scopus 로고
    • Progesterone as a bone-trophic hormone
    • Prior JC 1990 Progesterone as a bone-trophic hormone. Endocr Rev 11:386-398.
    • (1990) Endocr Rev , vol.11 , pp. 386-398
    • Prior, J.C.1
  • 5
    • 0014284789 scopus 로고
    • Studies on the binding of testos-terone to human plasma
    • Vermeulen A, Verdonk L 1968 Studies on the binding of testos-terone to human plasma. Steroids 11:609-635.
    • (1968) Steroids , vol.11 , pp. 609-635
    • Vermeulen, A.1    Verdonk, L.2
  • 6
    • 0019424861 scopus 로고
    • The transport of steroids into animal cells in culture
    • Giorgi EP, Stein WD 1981 The transport of steroids into animal cells in culture. Endocrinology 108:688-697.
    • (1981) Endocrinology , vol.108 , pp. 688-697
    • Giorgi, E.P.1    Stein, W.D.2
  • 7
    • 0035528888 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of 5alpha-reduction in steroid hormone physiology
    • Wilson JD 2001 The role of 5alpha-reduction in steroid hormone physiology. Reprod Fertil Dev 13:673-678.
    • (2001) Reprod Fertil Dev , vol.13 , pp. 673-678
    • Wilson, J.D.1
  • 9
    • 0001907120 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metabolism of estrogens and progestins
    • Frä-ser IS Jr, Lobo RA, Whitehead MI (eds.), Churchill Livingstone. New York, NY, USA
    • Longcope C 1998 Metabolism of estrogens and progestins. In: Frä-ser IS Jr, Lobo RA, Whitehead MI (eds.) Estrogens and Proges-tens in Clinical Practice. Churchill Livingstone. New York, NY, USA, pp. 89-94.
    • (1998) Estrogens and Proges-tens in Clinical Practice , pp. 89-94
    • Longcope, C.1
  • 10
    • 0002014276 scopus 로고
    • Disorders of the testes and male reproductive tract
    • Wilson JD, Foster DW (eds.), Saunders, Philadelphia, PA, USA
    • Griffin HG, Wilson JD 1994 Disorders of the testes and male reproductive tract. In: Wilson JD, Foster DW (eds.) Textbook of Endocrinology. Saunders, Philadelphia, PA, USA, pp. 799-852.
    • (1994) Textbook of Endocrinology , pp. 799-852
    • Griffin, H.G.1    Wilson, J.D.2
  • 11
    • 26444515048 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The decline of androgen levels in elderly men and its clinical and therapeutic implications
    • Kaufman JM, Vermeulen A 2005 The decline of androgen levels in elderly men and its clinical and therapeutic implications. Endocr Rev 26:833-876.
    • (2005) Endocr Rev , vol.26 , pp. 833-876
    • Kaufman, J.M.1    Vermeulen, A.2
  • 12
    • 0031756218 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship of serum sex steroid levels and bone turn-over markers with bone mineral density in men: A key role for bio-available estrogen
    • Khosla S, Melton LJ, Atkinson EJ, O-Fallon WM, Klee GG, Riggs BL 1998 Relationship of serum sex steroid levels and bone turn-over markers with bone mineral density in men: A key role for bio-available estrogen. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 83:2266-2275.
    • (1998) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.83 , pp. 2266-2275
    • Khosla, S.1    Melton, L.J.2    Atkinson, E.J.3    O-Fallon, W.M.4    Klee, G.G.5    Riggs, B.L.6
  • 17
    • 0028283503 scopus 로고
    • Molecular mechanisms of action of steroid/thyroid receptor superfamily members
    • Tsai MJ, O'Malley BW 1994 Molecular mechanisms of action of steroid/thyroid receptor superfamily members. Annu Rev Bio-chem 63:451-486.
    • (1994) Annu Rev Bio-chem , vol.63 , pp. 451-486
    • Tsai, M.J.1    O'Malley, B.W.2
  • 18
    • 0033305547 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nuclear receptor co-regulators: Cellular and molecular biology
    • McKenna NJ, Lanz RB, O'Malley BW 1999 Nuclear receptor co-regulators: Cellular and molecular biology. Endocr Rev 20:321-344.
    • (1999) Endocr Rev , vol.20 , pp. 321-344
    • McKenna, N.J.1    Lanz, R.B.2    O'Malley, B.W.3
  • 19
    • 0036208492 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Formation of the androgen receptor transcription complex
    • Shang Y, Myers M, Brown M 2002 Formation of the androgen receptor transcription complex. Mol Cell 9:601-610.
    • (2002) Mol Cell , vol.9 , pp. 601-610
    • Shang, Y.1    Myers, M.2    Brown, M.3
  • 21
    • 0029808748 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transcription factor AP-1 regula-tion by mitogen-activated protein kinase signal transduction path-ways
    • Whitmarsh AJ, Davis RJ 1996 Transcription factor AP-1 regula-tion by mitogen-activated protein kinase signal transduction path-ways. J Mol Med 74:589-607.
    • (1996) J Mol Med , vol.74 , pp. 589-607
    • Whitmarsh, A.J.1    Davis, R.J.2
  • 22
    • 1542301037 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Androgen inhibition of MAP kinase pathway and Elk-1 activation in proliferating osteo-blasts
    • Wiren KM, Toombs AR, Zhang XW 2004 Androgen inhibition of MAP kinase pathway and Elk-1 activation in proliferating osteo-blasts. J Mol Endocrinol 32:209-226.
    • (2004) J Mol Endocrinol , vol.32 , pp. 209-226
    • Wiren, K.M.1    Toombs, A.R.2    Zhang, X.W.3
  • 23
    • 0035228654 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transcriptional activation of genes by 17 beta-estradiol through estrogen receptor-Spl interactions
    • Safe S 2001 Transcriptional activation of genes by 17 beta-estradiol through estrogen receptor-Spl interactions. Vitam Horm 62:231-252.
    • (2001) Vitam Horm , vol.62 , pp. 231-252
    • Safe, S.1
  • 26
    • 0017354142 scopus 로고
    • Specific binding sites for oestrogen at the outer surfaces of isolated endometrial cells
    • Pietras RJ, Szego CM 1977 Specific binding sites for oestrogen at the outer surfaces of isolated endometrial cells. Nature 265:69-72.
    • (1977) Nature , vol.265 , pp. 69-72
    • Pietras, R.J.1    Szego, C.M.2
  • 27
    • 0026448697 scopus 로고
    • Identification of the classical an-drogen receptor in male rat liver and prostate cell plasma mem-branes
    • Konoplya EF, Popoff EH 1992 Identification of the classical an-drogen receptor in male rat liver and prostate cell plasma mem-branes. Int J Biochem 24:1979-1983.
    • (1992) Int J Biochem , vol.24 , pp. 1979-1983
    • Konoplya, E.F.1    Popoff, E.H.2
  • 29
    • 0036137605 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Linkage of rapid estrogen action to MAPK acti-vation by ERalpha-Shc association and She pathway activation
    • Song RX, McPherson RA, Adam L, Bao Y, Shupnik M, Kumar R, Santen RJ 2002 Linkage of rapid estrogen action to MAPK acti-vation by ERalpha-Shc association and She pathway activation. Mol Endocrinol 16:116-127.
    • (2002) Mol Endocrinol , vol.16 , pp. 116-127
    • Song, R.X.1    McPherson, R.A.2    Adam, L.3    Bao, Y.4    Shupnik, M.5    Kumar, R.6    Santen, R.J.7
  • 32
    • 0038819062 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kinase-mediated regulation of common tran-scription factors accounts for the bone-protective effects of sex steroids
    • Kousteni S, Han L, Chen JR, Almeida M, Plotkin LI. Bellido T. Manolagas SC 2003 Kinase-mediated regulation of common tran-scription factors accounts for the bone-protective effects of sex steroids. J Clin Invest 111:1651-1664.
    • (2003) J Clin Invest , vol.111 , pp. 1651-1664
    • Kousteni, S.1    Han, L.2    Chen, J.R.3    Almeida, M.4    Plotkin, L.I.5    Bellido, T.6    Manolagas, S.C.7
  • 36
    • 2342539826 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estren (4-estren-3alpha,17beta-diol) is a prohormone that regulates both androgenic and estrogenic transcriptional ef-fects through the androgen receptor
    • Centrella M, McCarthy TL, Chang WZ, Labaree DC. Hochberg RB 2004 Estren (4-estren-3alpha,17beta-diol) is a prohormone that regulates both androgenic and estrogenic transcriptional ef-fects through the androgen receptor. Mol Endocrinol 18:1120-1130.
    • (2004) Mol Endocrinol , vol.18 , pp. 1120-1130
    • Centrella, M.1    McCarthy, T.L.2    Chang, W.Z.3    Labaree, D.C.4    Hochberg, R.B.5
  • 39
    • 0030956347 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • From density to structure: Growing up and grow-ing old on the surfaces of bone
    • Seeman E 1997 From density to structure: Growing up and grow-ing old on the surfaces of bone. J Bone Miner Res 12:509-521.
    • (1997) J Bone Miner Res , vol.12 , pp. 509-521
    • Seeman, E.1
  • 40
    • 0034751519 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical review 137: Sexual dimorphism in skeletal size, density, and strength
    • Seeman E 2001 Clinical review 137: Sexual dimorphism in skeletal size, density, and strength. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 86:4576-4584.
    • (2001) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.86 , pp. 4576-4584
    • Seeman, E.1
  • 41
    • 0025457129 scopus 로고
    • Differential effects of androgens on cortical bone histomorphometry in gonadectomized male and female rats
    • Turner RT, Wakley GK, Hannon KS 1990 Differential effects of androgens on cortical bone histomorphometry in gonadectomized male and female rats. J Orthop Res 8:612-617.
    • (1990) J Orthop Res , vol.8 , pp. 612-617
    • Turner, R.T.1    Wakley, G.K.2    Hannon, K.S.3
  • 44
    • 33645329097 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relative impact of androgen and estrogen receptor activation in the effects of andro-gens on trabecular and cortical bone in growing male mice: A study in the androgen receptor knock-out mouse model
    • Venken K, De Gendt K, Boonen S, Ophoff J, Bouillon R, Swinnen JV, Verhoeven G, Vanderschueren D 2006 Relative impact of androgen and estrogen receptor activation in the effects of andro-gens on trabecular and cortical bone in growing male mice: A study in the androgen receptor knock-out mouse model. J Bone Miner Res 21:576-585.
    • (2006) J Bone Miner Res , vol.21 , pp. 576-585
    • Venken, K.1    De Gendt, K.2    Boonen, S.3    Ophoff, J.4    Bouillon, R.5    Swinnen, J.V.6    Verhoeven, G.7    Vanderschueren, D.8
  • 45
    • 0029873398 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Casodex (a nonsteroidal antiandrogen) reduces cancellous, endosteal, and periosteal bone formation in estrogen-replete female rats
    • Lea C, Kendall N, Flanagan AM 1996 Casodex (a nonsteroidal antiandrogen) reduces cancellous, endosteal, and periosteal bone formation in estrogen-replete female rats. Calcif Tissue Int 58:268-272.
    • (1996) Calcif Tissue Int , vol.58 , pp. 268-272
    • Lea, C.1    Kendall, N.2    Flanagan, A.M.3
  • 47
    • 0032748023 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased cortical bone mineral content but unchanged tra-becular bone mineral density in female ERbeta(-/-) mice
    • Windahl SH. Vidal O, Andersson G, Gustafsson JA, Ohlsson C 1999 Increased cortical bone mineral content but unchanged tra-becular bone mineral density in female ERbeta(-/-) mice. J Clin Invest 104:895-901.
    • (1999) J Clin Invest , vol.104 , pp. 895-901
    • Windahl, S.H.1    Vidal, O.2    Andersson, G.3    Gustafsson, J.A.4    Ohlsson, C.5
  • 48
    • 0034912197 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Female estrogen receptor beta-/-mice are partially protected against age-related trabecular bone loss
    • Windahl SH, Hollberg K. Vidal O, Gustafsson JA, Ohlsson C, Andersson G 2001 Female estrogen receptor beta-/-mice are partially protected against age-related trabecular bone loss. J Bone Miner Res 16:1388-1398.
    • (2001) J Bone Miner Res , vol.16 , pp. 1388-1398
    • Windahl, S.H.1    Hollberg, K.2    Vidal, O.3    Gustafsson, J.A.4    Ohlsson, C.5    Andersson, G.6
  • 52
    • 0032699216 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The differing tempo of growth in bone size, mass, and density in girls is region-specific
    • Bass S, Delmas PD, Pearce G, Hendrich E, Tabensky A, Seeman E 1999 The differing tempo of growth in bone size, mass, and density in girls is region-specific. J Clin Invest 104:795-804.
    • (1999) J Clin Invest , vol.104 , pp. 795-804
    • Bass, S.1    Delmas, P.D.2    Pearce, G.3    Hendrich, E.4    Tabensky, A.5    Seeman, E.6
  • 53
    • 0242496297 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estrogen and bone-a reproductive and locomotive perspective
    • Jarvinen TL, Kannus P, Sievanen H 2003 Estrogen and bone-a reproductive and locomotive perspective. J Bone Miner Res 18:1921-1931.
    • (2003) J Bone Miner Res , vol.18 , pp. 1921-1931
    • Jarvinen, T.L.1    Kannus, P.2    Sievanen, H.3
  • 54
    • 53549103824 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Animal models for gender-based skeletal differences
    • Legato M (ed.), Elsevier Academic Press, San Diego, CA, USA
    • Vanderschueren D, Venken K, Bouillon R 2004 Animal models for gender-based skeletal differences. In: Legato M (ed.) Prin-ciples of Gender-Specific Medicine. Elsevier Academic Press, San Diego, CA, USA, pp. 1043-1051.
    • (2004) Prin-ciples of Gender-Specific Medicine , pp. 1043-1051
    • Vanderschueren, D.1    Venken, K.2    Bouillon, R.3
  • 55
    • 0035016058 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of oestrogens on linear bone growth
    • Juul A 2001 The effects of oestrogens on linear bone growth. Hum Reprod Update 7:303-313.
    • (2001) Hum Reprod Update , vol.7 , pp. 303-313
    • Juul, A.1
  • 56
  • 57
    • 0034455103 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Birth and death of bone cells: Basic regulatory mechanisms and implications for the pathogenesis and treatment of osteoporosis
    • Manolagas SC 2000 Birth and death of bone cells: Basic regulatory mechanisms and implications for the pathogenesis and treatment of osteoporosis. Endocr Rev 21:115-137.
    • (2000) Endocr Rev , vol.21 , pp. 115-137
    • Manolagas, S.C.1
  • 58
    • 0033690895 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The mechanisms of estrogen regulation of bone resorption
    • Riggs BL 2000 The mechanisms of estrogen regulation of bone resorption. J Clin Invest 106:1203-1204.
    • (2000) J Clin Invest , vol.106 , pp. 1203-1204
    • Riggs, B.L.1
  • 60
    • 27744431505 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estrogen and testosterone use different cellular pathways to in-hibit osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption
    • Michael H, Harkonen PL, Vaananen HK, Hentunen TA 2005 Estrogen and testosterone use different cellular pathways to in-hibit osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption. J Bone Miner Res 20:2224-2232.
    • (2005) J Bone Miner Res , vol.20 , pp. 2224-2232
    • Michael, H.1    Harkonen, P.L.2    Vaananen, H.K.3    Hentunen, T.A.4
  • 62
    • 8444253709 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tes-tosterone increases osteoprotegerin mRNA expression in mouse osteoblast cells
    • Chen Q, Kaji H, Kanatani M. Sugimoto T, Chihara K 2004 Tes-tosterone increases osteoprotegerin mRNA expression in mouse osteoblast cells. Horm Metab Res 36:674-678.
    • (2004) Horm Metab Res , vol.36 , pp. 674-678
    • Chen, Q.1    Kaji, H.2    Kanatani, M.3    Sugimoto, T.4    Chihara, K.5
  • 65
    • 12544251402 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drugs used to treat osteoporosis: The critical need for a uniform nomenclature based on their action on bone remodeling
    • Riggs BL, Parfitt AM 2005 Drugs used to treat osteoporosis: The critical need for a uniform nomenclature based on their action on bone remodeling. J Bone Miner Res 20:177-184.
    • (2005) J Bone Miner Res , vol.20 , pp. 177-184
    • Riggs, B.L.1    Parfitt, A.M.2
  • 66
    • 0037172407 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pathogenesis of bone fragility in women and men
    • Seeman E 2002 Pathogenesis of bone fragility in women and men. Lancet 359:1841-1850.
    • (2002) Lancet , vol.359 , pp. 1841-1850
    • Seeman, E.1
  • 67
    • 0037778765 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Periosteal bone formation-a neglected determi-nant of bone strength
    • Seeman E 2003 Periosteal bone formation-a neglected determi-nant of bone strength. N Engl J Med 349:320-323.
    • (2003) N Engl J Med , vol.349 , pp. 320-323
    • Seeman, E.1
  • 68
    • 0036829959 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence from the aged orchidectomized male rat model that 17beta-estradiol is a more effective bone-sparing and anabolic agent than 5alpha-dihydrotestosterone
    • Vandenput L, Boonen S, Van Herck E, Swinnen JV, Bouillon R, Vanderschueren D 2002 Evidence from the aged orchidectomized male rat model that 17beta-estradiol is a more effective bone-sparing and anabolic agent than 5alpha-dihydrotestosterone. J Bone Miner Res 17:2080-2086.
    • (2002) J Bone Miner Res , vol.17 , pp. 2080-2086
    • Vandenput, L.1    Boonen, S.2    Van Herck, E.3    Swinnen, J.V.4    Bouillon, R.5    Vanderschueren, D.6
  • 69
    • 18044387619 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bone and muscle protective potential of the prostate-sparing syn-thetic androgen 7alpha-methyl-19-nortestosterone: Evidence from the aged orchidectomized male rat model
    • Venken K, Boonen S, Van Herck E, Vandenput L, Kumar N, Sitruk-Ware R, Sundaram K, Bouillon R, Vanderschueren D 2005 Bone and muscle protective potential of the prostate-sparing syn-thetic androgen 7alpha-methyl-19-nortestosterone: Evidence from the aged orchidectomized male rat model. Bone 36:663-670.
    • (2005) Bone , vol.36 , pp. 663-670
    • Venken, K.1    Boonen, S.2    Van Herck, E.3    Vandenput, L.4    Kumar, N.5    Sitruk-Ware, R.6    Sundaram, K.7    Bouillon, R.8    Vanderschueren, D.9
  • 70
    • 0030931083 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sex steroids and bone mass in older men. Positive associations with serum estrogens and negative associations with androgens
    • Slemenda CW, Longcope C, Zhou L, Hui SL, Peacock M, John-ston CC 1997 Sex steroids and bone mass in older men. Positive associations with serum estrogens and negative associations with androgens. J Clin Invest 100:1755-1759.
    • (1997) J Clin Invest , vol.100 , pp. 1755-1759
    • Slemenda, C.W.1    Longcope, C.2    Zhou, L.3    Hui, S.L.4    Peacock, M.5    John-ston, C.C.6
  • 71
    • 0030685090 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endogenous sex steroids and bone mineral density in older women and men. The Rancho Bernardo Study
    • Greendale G, Edelstein S, Barrett-Connor E 1997 Endogenous sex steroids and bone mineral density in older women and men. The Rancho Bernardo Study. J Bone Miner Res 12:1833-1841.
    • (1997) J Bone Miner Res , vol.12 , pp. 1833-1841
    • Greendale, G.1    Edelstein, S.2    Barrett-Connor, E.3
  • 72
    • 0037622821 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bioavailable estradiol and an aromatase gene polymorphism are determinants of bone mineral density changes in men over 70 years of age
    • Van Pottelbergh I, Goemaere S, Kaufman JM 2003 Bioavailable estradiol and an aromatase gene polymorphism are determinants of bone mineral density changes in men over 70 years of age. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 88:3075-3081.
    • (2003) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.88 , pp. 3075-3081
    • Van Pottelbergh, I.1    Goemaere, S.2    Kaufman, J.M.3
  • 73
    • 0031955217 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A unitary model for involutional osteoporosis: Estrogen deficiency causes both type I and type II osteoporosis in postmenopausal women and contrib-utes to bone loss in aging men
    • Riggs BL, Khosla S, Melton LJ III 1998 A unitary model for involutional osteoporosis: Estrogen deficiency causes both type I and type II osteoporosis in postmenopausal women and contrib-utes to bone loss in aging men. J Bone Miner Res 13:763-773.
    • (1998) J Bone Miner Res , vol.13 , pp. 763-773
    • Riggs, B.L.1    Khosla, S.2    Melton III, L.J.3
  • 74
    • 34548412170 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aromatase inhibitors and bone
    • Eastell R 2007 Aromatase inhibitors and bone. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 106:157-161.
    • (2007) J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol , vol.106 , pp. 157-161
    • Eastell, R.1
  • 79
    • 1442351143 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coregulator function: A key to understanding tissue specificity of selective receptor modulators
    • Smith CL, O'Malley BW 2004 Coregulator function: A key to understanding tissue specificity of selective receptor modulators. Endocr Rev 25:45-71.
    • (2004) Endocr Rev , vol.25 , pp. 45-71
    • Smith, C.L.1    O'Malley, B.W.2
  • 80
    • 0032537396 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tamoxifen for early breast cancer: An overview of the randomised trials. Early Breast Cancer Trialists' Collabo-rative Group
    • Anonymous 1998 Tamoxifen for early breast cancer: An overview of the randomised trials. Early Breast Cancer Trialists' Collabo-rative Group. Lancet 351:1451-1467.
    • (1998) Lancet , vol.351 , pp. 1451-1467
    • Anonymous1
  • 81
    • 3242754471 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Associations between baseline risk factors and vertebral fracture risk in the Multiple Outcomes of Raloxifene Evaluation (MORE) Study
    • Johnell O, Kanis JA, Black DM, Balogh A, Poor G, Sarkar S, Zhou C, Pavo I 2004 Associations between baseline risk factors and vertebral fracture risk in the Multiple Outcomes of Raloxifene Evaluation (MORE) Study. J Bone Miner Res 19:764-772.
    • (2004) J Bone Miner Res , vol.19 , pp. 764-772
    • Johnell, O.1    Kanis, J.A.2    Black, D.M.3    Balogh, A.4    Poor, G.5    Sarkar, S.6    Zhou, C.7    Pavo, I.8
  • 83
    • 0029038986 scopus 로고
    • Analysis of estrogen receptor function in vitro reveals three distinct classes of antiestrogens
    • McDonnell DP, Clemm DL, Hermann T, Goldman ME, Pike JW 1995 Analysis of estrogen receptor function in vitro reveals three distinct classes of antiestrogens. Mol Endocrinol 9:659-669.
    • (1995) Mol Endocrinol , vol.9 , pp. 659-669
    • McDonnell, D.P.1    Clemm, D.L.2    Hermann, T.3    Goldman, M.E.4    Pike, J.W.5
  • 84
    • 22544467523 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Discovery and therapeutic promise of selective androgen receptor modulators
    • Chen J, Kim J, Dalton JT 2005 Discovery and therapeutic promise of selective androgen receptor modulators. Mol Interv 5:173-188.
    • (2005) Mol Interv , vol.5 , pp. 173-188
    • Chen, J.1    Kim, J.2    Dalton, J.T.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.