Food security in a changing climate

Ecohydrology and Hydrobiology

Volumn 13, Issue 1, 2013, Pages 8-21

  Lal, Rattan ^a  

^a OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Biofuel; Brick making; Climate change; Environmental quality; Food waste; Meat based diet; Soil degradation; Sustainable intensification; Urbanization

Indexed keywords

BIOFUEL; CLIMATE CHANGE; ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY; FOOD SECURITY; MANAGEMENT PRACTICE; SOIL DEGRADATION; SUSTAINABILITY; URBANIZATION;

SOUTH ASIA; SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA;

ANIMALIA;

EID: 84882449073     PISSN: 16423593     EISSN: 20803397     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ecohyd.2013.03.006     Document Type: Article

References (157)

1. ABC, 2013. Tragic scenes as fires destroy homes. ABC, 2013 January, 6.
2. Abelson, P.H., 1999. A potential of crisis. Science 283, 2015.
3. Ainsworth, E., McGrath, J.M., 2010. Direct effects of rising atmospheric carbon dioxide and ozone of crop yields. Global Change Research 37, 109-130, http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-2953-9-7.
4. Alauddin, M., Quiggin, J., 2008. Agricultural intensification, irrigation and the environment in South Asia: issues and policy options. Ecological Economics 65, 111-124.
5. Altieri, M.A., Funes-Monzote, F.R., Petersen, P., 2012. Agroecologically Efficient Agricultural Systems for Smallholder Farmers: Contributions to Food Sovereignty. Agronomy for Sustainable Development 32, 1-13.
6. Anderson, J., 2004. Toilets vs. life as we know it. Energy Bulletin. http://www.energybulletin.net/stories/2004-09-23/toilets-vs-life-we-know-it.
7. Anderson, V., Lardy, G., Bauer, M., Swanson, K., Zwinger, S., 2012. Barley Grain and Forage for Beef Cattle. North Dakota Agriculture Expt. Station, Fargo, ND.
8. Antle, John, M., Capalbo, Susan, M., 2010. Adaptation of agricultural and food systems to climate change: an economic and policy perspective. Applied Economic Persepctives and Policy 32, 386-416.
9. Armah, F.A., Odoi, J.O., Yengoh, G.T., Obiri, S., Yawson, D.O., Afrifa, E.K.A., 2011. Food security and climate change in drought-sensitive savanna zones of Ghana. Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change 16, 291-306.
10. Asaduzzaman, E.A.M, 2012. Cropland fertility in peril as brick kilns use topsoil. The Daily Star http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php? nid=235271.
11. Bai, Z.G., Dent, D.L., Olsson, L., Schaepman, M.E., 2008. Proxy global assessment of land degradation. Soil Use and Management 24, 223-234.
12. Battisti, D.S., Naylor, R.L., 2009. Historical warnings of future insecurity with unprecedented seasonal heat. Science 323, 240-244.
13. BBC, 2011. Hedgefunds grabbing land in Africa. http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/ world-africa-13688683.
14. Beddington, J.R., Asaduzzaman, M., Clark, M.E., 2012. What next for agriculture after Durban? Science 335, 289-290.
15. Bhardwaj, M., 2012 Thursday 5. Hunger amid the bounty. The Gulf Times 3.
16. Bond, T.C., Doherty, S.J., Fahey, D.W., Forster, P.M., Bernsten, T., DeAngelo, B.J., Flanner, M.G., Ghan, S., Kärcher, B., Koch, D., Kinne, S., Kondo, Y., Quinn, P.K., Sarofim, M.C., Schultz, M.G., Schulz, M., Venkararaman, C., Zhang, H., Zhang, S., Bellouin, N., Guttikunda, S.K., Hopke, P.K., Jacob-son, M.Z., Kaiser, J.W., Klimont, Z., Lohmann, U., Schwarz. J.P., Shindell, D., Storelvmo, T., Warren, S.G., Zender, C.S., Bounding the role of black carbon in the climate system: a scientific assessment. Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres, in press.
17. Bows, A., Dawkins, E., Gough, C., Roder, M., Thom, L., Thornley, P., Wood, R., 2012. What's Cooking? Adaptation and mitigation in the UK food system. University of Manchester, UK.
18. Brauch, H.G., 2007. Environment and security in the Middle East: conceptualizing environmental, human, water, food, health and gender security. In: Lipchin, C. (Ed.), Integrated Water Resources Management and Security in the Middle East. Springer, Mosbach, pp. 121- 161.
19. Brown, L.R., 1995. Who Will Feed China? Norton, New York.
20. Brown, L.R., 2010. Peak soil is no joke: civilization foundation is eroding. Grist.org http://grist.org/article/civilizations-foundation-eroding/.
21. Bruinsma, J., 2009. The resource outlook to 2050: by how much land, water and crop yields need to increase by 2050? In: Expert Meeting on How to Feed the World in 2050. FAO of the United Nations, Rome, Italy.
22. Buerkert, A., Schlecht, E., 2009. The biofuel debate - status quo and research needs to meet multiple goals of food, fuel and ecosystem services in the tropics and subtropics. Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development in the Tropics and Subtropics 110, 1-8.
23. Bundy, L.G., 2004. Corn Fertilization. Cooperative Extension Service. University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 11 pp.
24. Carlsson-Kanyama, A., Gonzalez, A.D., 2009. Potential contributions of food consumption patterns to climate change. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 89, 1709S-1740S.
25. Challinor, A., Wheeler, T., Garforth, C., Craufurd, P., Kassam, A., 2007. Assessing the vulnerability of food crop systems in Africa to climate change. Climatic Change 83, 381-399.
26. Chatterjee, A., Lal, R., Wielopolski, L., Martin, M.Z., Ebinger, M.H., 2009. Evaluation of different soil carbon determination methods. Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences 28, 164-178.
27. Chen, J., 2007. Rapid urbanization in China: a real challenge to soil protection and food security. Catena 69, 1-15.
28. Clough, A., Partohardjono, S., Fukai, S., 2001. Grain yields and nitrogen contents of rice and secondary crops grown in Sorjan and flatbed rotation system in Indonesia. In: fukai, S., Basnayake, J. (Eds.), Increased Lowland Rice Production in Mekons Region, ACIAR Proceedings, vol. 101, Canberra, Australia, pp. 208-218.
29. Colleton, N., 2012. Environmental intelligence, basic thermodynamics, and extreme weather. Physics Today 2012 (September) 8.
30. Condon, A.G., Richards, R.A., 2002. Improving intrinsic water-use efficiency and crop yield. Crop Science 42, 122-131.
31. Conway, G., 2012. One Billion Hungry: Can We Feed the World. Cornwell University Press, Ithaca, NY p. 439.
32. Conway, G., Toenniessen, G., 2003. Science for African food security. Science 299, 1187-1188.
33. Cotula, L., 2011. Land deals in Africa: What is in the Contracts? IIED, London, UK.
34. Dauber, J., Brown, C., Luisa, A., Finnan, J., Krasuska, E., Pntika, J., Styles, D., Thran, D., Van Groenigen, K.J., Eih, M., Zah, R., 2012. Bioenergy from surplus land: environemtnal and socio-economic implications. BioR-isk 7, 5-50.
35. Cordell, D., Dranget, J., White, S., 2009. The story of phosphorus: global food security and food for thought. Global Environmental Change 19, 292-305.
36. de la Peña, R., Hughes, J., 2007. Improving vegetable productivity in a variable and changing climate. Journal of SAT Agricultural Research 4, 1-22.
37. Economist. 2010, The miracle of Cerrado. 26 August 2010. http://www.e-conomist.com/node/16886442.
38. Economist, 2011. The9 billion-people question. 26 February 2011. http://www.economist.com/printedition/2011-02-26.
39. Ejeta, G., 2010. African green revolution needn't be a mirage. Science 327, 831-832.
40. 2 fertilization in China. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 360, 2149-2154.
41. Fagen, B., 2006. The Long Summer: How Climate Change Civilization. Basic Books, New York.
42. FAO, 2009. How to Feed the World in 2050. Rome.
43. FAO, 2010. News release about world hunger. FAO, Rome, Italy.
44. FAO, 2013. FAOSTAT. FAO, Rome, Italy.
45. Fargione, J., Hill, J., Tilman, D., Polasky, S., Hawthorne, P., 2009. Land clearing and the biofuel carbon debt. Science 319, 1235-1238.
46. Federoff, N.V., Battisti, D.S., Beachy, R.N., Cooper, P.J.M., Fischhoff, D.A., Hodges, C.N., Reynolds, V.C., Ronald, P.C., Rosegrant, M.W., Sanches, P.A., Vonshak, A., Zhu, J.K., 2010. Radically rethinking agriculture for the 21st century. Science 327, 833-834.
47. Fernandez, M., 2013. Texas bakes in a long drought, water becomes a focus for legislators. The New York Times 2013 (January) 18-19.
48. Follett, R.F., Kimble, J.M., Lal, R. (Eds.), 2001. The Potential of US Grazing Lands to Sequester Carbon and Mitigate the Greenhouse Gas Effect. CRC Press LLC, Boca Raton, FL.
49. Ford, J.D., 2009. Vulnerability of Inuit food systems to food insecurity as consequence of climate change: a case study from Igloolik, Nunavut. Regulating Environmental Change 9, 83-100.
50. Foresight, 2011. Future of Food and Farming, London.
51. Funk, C.C., Brown, M.E., 2009. Declining global per capita agricultural production and warming ocean threaten food security. Food Security 1, 271-289.
52. Galli, A., Wiedmann, T., Ercin, E., Knoblauch, D., Ewing, B., Stepfan, G., 2012. Integrating ecological, carbon and water footprint into a Footprint Family of indicators: definition and role in tracking human pressure on the planet. Ecolological Indicators 16, 100-112.
53. Gebbers, R., Adamchuk, V., 2010. Precision agriculture and food security. Science 327, 828-831.
54. Gerbens-Leenes, P.W., Nonhebel, S., 2002. Consumption patterns and their effects on land required for food. Consumption patterns and their effectsonland required food. Ecological Economics 42, 185-199.
55. Gewin, V., 2010. An underground revolution. Nature 466, 552-553.
56. Gill, M., Smith, P., Wilkinson, J.M., 2010. Mitigating climate change: the role of domestic livestock. Animal 4, 323-333.
57. Gillis, J., 2013. Not even close: 2012 was hottest ever in U.S. The New York Times (January).
58. Glover, J.D., Reganold, J.P., Bell, L.W., Borevitz, J., Brummer, E.C., Buckler, E.S., Cox, C.M., Cox, T.S., Crews, T.E., Culman, S.W., DeHaan, L.R., Eriksson, D., Gill, B.S., Holland, J., Hu, F., Hulke, B.S., Ibrahim, A.M.H., Jackson, W., Jones, S.S., Murray, S.C., Paterson, A.H., Ploschuk, E., Sacks, E.J., Snapp, S., Tao, D., Van Tassel, D.L., Wade, L.J., Wyse, D.L., Xu, Y., 2010. Increased food and ecosystem security via perennial grains. Science 328, 1638-1639.
59. Godfray, H.C.J., Beddington, J.R., Crute, I.R., Haddad, L., Lawrence, D., Muir, J.F., Pretty, J., Robinson, S., Thomas, S.M., Toulmin, C., 2010. Food security: the challenge of feeding 9 billion people. Science 327, 812-818.
60. Gonzalez, A.D., Frostell, B., Carlsson-Kanyama, A., 2011. Protein efficiency per unit energy and per unit greenhouse gas emissions: potential contribution of diet choices to climate change mitigation. Food Policy 36, 562-570.
61. Gornall, J., Betts, R., Burke, E., Clark, R., Camp, J., Willett, K., Wiltshire, A., 2010. Implications of climate change for agricultural productivity in the early twenty-first century. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 365, 2973-2989.
62. Gregory, P.J., Ingram, J.S.I., Brklacich, M., 2005. Climate change and food security. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 360, 2139-2148.
63. Gunders, D, 2012. Wasted: how America is losing up to 40 percent of its food from farm to fork to landfill. NRDC, Issue Paper. http://www.nrdc.org/food/ wasted-food.asp.
64. Haile, M., 2005. Weather patterns, food security and humanitarian response in sub-Saharan Africa. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B 360, 2169-2182.
65. 2: where sould humanity aim? Open Atmospheric Science Journal 2, 217-231.
66. Hatfield, J.L., Boote, K.J., Kimball, B.A., Ziska, L.H., Izaurralde, R.C., Ort, D., Thomson, A.M., Wolfe, D., 2011. Climate impacts on agriculture: implications for crop production. Agronomy Journal 103, 351-370.
67. Hengsdijk, H., Langeveld, J.W.A., 2009. Yield Trends and Yield Gap Analysis of Major Crops in the World. Plant Resource International, Wagenivger, Holland60.
68. Herrero, M., Thornton, P.K., Notenbaert, A.M., Wood, S., Msangi, S., Freeman, H.A., Bossio, D., Dixon, J., Peters, M., van de Steeg, J., Lynam, J., Rao, P., Rao, P., Parthasarathy, Macmillan, S., Gerard, B., McDermott, J., Sere, C., Rosegrant, M., 2010. Smart investments in sustainable food production: revisiting mixed crop-livestock systems. Science 327, 822-825.
69. Hienlein, R.A., 1973. Time Enough for Love. G.P. Putnam's Sons, New York605.
70. Hijmans, R., 2007. Relocating rice production in China. Rice Today 6 (4) 25.
71. Himmelgreen, D.A., Romero-Daza, N., 2010. Eliminating hunger in the U.S.: Changes in policy regarding the measurement of food security. Food and Foodways: Explorations in the History and Culture of Human Nourishment 18, 96-114.
72. HLPE, 2012. Food security and climate change. Committee on food security, Rome, Italy.
73. Hoogeveen, J., Faures, J.-M., Van de Giessen, N., 2009. Increased biofuel production in the coming decade: to what extent extent will it affect global freshwater resources? Irrigation and Drainage 58, 158-160.
74. Hubbert, M.K., 1949. Energy from fossil fuels. Science 109, 103.
75. IAASTD, 2008. Agriculture at a Crossroads. Synthesis Report. Island Press, Washington, DC.
76. Ingram, J.S.I., Gregory, P.J., Izac, A.-M, 2008. The role of agronomic research in climate change and food security policy. Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment 126, 4-12.
77. Institution of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. Global food: waste out, want not. http://www.lmeche.org/news/archives/13-d-10/.
78. Ivanov, A.L., Kiryushin, V.I., 2009. Global Climate Change and Forecast of Weather Risks in Agriculture. Russian Agricultural Academy, Moscow.
79. Jasinski, S.M., 2008. Phosphate rock, mineral commodity summaries. U.S. Geological Survey http://minerals.usgs.gov/minerals/pubs/commod-ity/phosphate- rock/phospmcs07.pdf.
80. Jenkins, J.C., 1994. The Humanure Handbook: A Guide to Composting Human Manure. J. Jenkins Inc., Grove City, PA, USA.
81. Jordan, N., Boody, G., Broussard, W., Glover, J.D., Keeney, D., McCown, B.H., McIsaac, G., Muller, M., Murray, H., Neal, J., Pansing, C., Turner, R.E., Warner, K., Wyse, D., 2007. Environment - Sustainable development of the agricultural bio-economy. Science 316, 1570-1571.
82. Kara, B., Uysal, N., 2009. Influenceongrain yield and grain protein content of late season nitrogen application in triticale. Journal of Animal and Veterinary Science 8, 579-586.
83. Kazmin, A, 2011. A case of rise and sprawl. The Financial Times, 7 November 2011. http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/05b44caa-0616-11e1-ad0e-00144feabdc0. html#axzz2IcrrdeZm.
84. Khan, S., Hanjra, M., 2008. Footprints of water and energy inputs in food production - global perspectives. Food Policy 34, 130-140.
85. King, F.H. (Ed.), 2004. Farmers of Forty Centuries: Organic Farming in China, Korea and Japan. Dover Publications, NY.
86. Koebler, J, 2012. Report: 100 million could die from climate change by 2030. U.S. News. 27September 2012. http://www.usnews.com/news/articles/2012/09/ 27/report-100-million-could-die-from-climate-change-by-2030.
87. Koning, N.B.J., Van Ittersum, M.K., Becx, G.A., Van Boekel, M.A.J.S., Brandenburg, W.A., Van Den Broek, J.A., Goudriaan, J., Van Hofwegen, G., Jongeneel, R.A., Schiere, J.B., Smies, M., 2008. Long-term global availability if food: continued abundance or new scarcity? Wageningen Journal of Life Sciences 55, 229-292.
88. Kosmas, C., Tsara, M., Moustakas, N., Kosma, D., Yassoglou, N., 2006. In: Kepner, W.G., Rubio, J.L., Mouat, D.A., Pedrazzini, F. (Eds.), Desertification in the Mediterranean Region. A Security Issue. Springer, Dordrecht, pp. 527-547.
89. Kotir, J.H., 2011. Climate change and variability in Sub-Sahara Africa: a review of current and future trends and impacts on agriculture and food security. Environmental Development and Sustainability 13, 587-605.
90. Kurukulasuriya, P., Mendelsohn, R., Hassan, R., Benhin, J., Deressa, T., Diop, M., Eid, H.M., Fosu, K.Y., Gbetibouo, G., Jain, S., Mahamadou, A., Mano, R., Kabubo-Mariara, J., El-Marsafawy, S., Molua, E., Ouda, S., Oue-draogo, M., Sene, I., Maddison, D., Seo, S.N., Dinar, A., 2006. Will African agriculture survive climate change? The World Bank Economic Review 20, 367-388.
91. Lal, R., 2004. Soil carbon sequestration impacts on global climate change and food security. Science 304, 1623-1627.
92. Lal, R., 2006. Enhancing crop yield in the developing countries through restoration of soil organic carbon pool in agricultural lands. Land Degradation & Development 17, 197-209.
93. Lal, R., 2010a. Beyond Copenhagen: mitigating climate change and achieving food security through soil carbon sequestration. Food Security 2, 169-177.
94. Lal, R., 2010b. Enhancing eco-efficiency in agroecosystems through soil C sequestration. Crop Science 50, S120-S131.
95. Lal, R., Sivakumar, M.V.K., Faiz, S.M.A., Mustafizur Rahman, A.H.M., Islam, K.R. (Eds.), 2011. Climate Change and Food Security in South Asia, XXII. pp. 600.
96. Lal, R., Lorenz, K., Hü til, R.R.J., Schneider, B.U., Von Braun, J. (Eds.), 2013. Ecosystem Services and Carbon Sequestration in the Biosphere. Springer, Dordrecht, The Netherlands.
97. Lal, R., Safriel, U., Boer, B., 2012. Zero Net Land Degradation. Position Paper for Rio + 20. UNCCD, Bonn, Germany.
98. Liu, J., Fritz, S., van Wesenbeeck, C.F.A., Fuchs, M., You, L., Obersteiner, M., Yang, M., 2008. A spatially explicit assessment of current and future hotspots of hunger in sub-Saharan Africa in the context of global change. Global and Planetary Change 64, 222-235.
99. Lobell, D.B., Schlenker, W., Costa-Roberts, J., 2011. Climate trends and global crop production since 1980. Science 333, 616-620.
100. Lobell, D.B., Burke, M.B., Tebaldi, C., Mastrandream, M.D., Falcon, W.P., Naylor, R.L., 2008. Prioritizing climate change adaptation needs for food security in 2030. Science 319, 607-610.
101. Lovejoy, S., 2013. What is climate? EOS. 94, 1-2.
102. Lovejoy, S., Schertzer, D., VAron, D., 2013. Under review. Do GCMs predict the climate.. or macroweather? Earth System Dynamics Disc 3, 1259-1286.
103. Lundqvist, J., de Fraiture, C., Molden, D., 2008. Saving Water: From Field to Fork - Curbing Losses and Wastage in the Food Chain. SIWI Policy Brief, Stockholm.
104. Lyall, S., 2013. Heat, flood, or icy cold, extreme weather rages worldwide. The New York Times (January) A8-A10.
105. Ma, H., Ju, H., 2007. Status and trends in land degradation in Asia. In: Sivakumar, M.V.K., Ndiang'ui, N. (Eds.), Climate and Land Degradation. Springer, Heidelberg, pp. 55-64.
106. Maithel, S., Mueller, H., Singh, R., 2000. Experiences in transfer and diffusion of efficient technologies in Indian brick industry. In: Proceedings of the 2nd CTI/Industry Joint Seminar on Technology Diffusion in Asia and Pacific. pp. 77-88.
107. Marlow, H.J., Hayes, W.K., Soret, S., Carter, R.L., Schwab, E.R., Sabate, J., 2009. Diet and the environment: does what you eat matter? American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 89, 1699S-1703S.
108. McAlpine, C.A., Etter, A., Fearnside, P.M., Seabrook, L., Laurance, W.F., 2009. Increasin world consumption of beef as a driver of regional and global change: acall for policy action basedon evidence from Queensland (Australia), Colombia and Brazil. Global Environmental Change 19, 21-33.
109. Mital, S., 2005. Energy Efficiency Improvements in the Indian Brick Industry. UNDP Project Initiation Document. UNDP, India.
110. Moore, N., Alagarswamy, G., Pijanowski, B., Thornton, P., Lofgren, B., Olson, J., Andresen, J., Yanda, P., Qi, J., 2012. East African food security as influencedbyfuture climate change and land use change at local to regional scales. Climatic Change 110, 823-844.
111. Newton, A.C., Johnson, S.N., Gregory, P.J., 2011. Implications of climate change for diseases, crop yields and food security. Euphytica 179, 3-18.
112. Oldeman, L.R., 1994. The global extent of soil degradation. In: Greenland, D.J., Szabolcs, I. (Eds.), Soil Resilience and Sustainable Land Use. CAB International, Willingford, UK, pp. 99-118.
113. O'Mara, F.P., 2012. The role of grasslands in food security and climate change. Annals of Botany 110, 1263-1270.
114. Parker, J., 2011. The 9 billion - people question. The Economist (February) 3-16.
115. Parry, M., Rosenweig, C., Livermore, M., 2005. Climate change, global food supply and risk of hunger. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B 360, 2125-2138.
116. Population Action International, 1995. Conserving land: population and sustainable food production. Washington, DC, pp. 48.
117. Redwood, M., 2009. Agriculturein urban planning: generating livelihoods and food security. In: Redwood, M. (Ed.), Experimental Agriculture, vol. 45. Earthscan, IDRC, Ottawa, Canada.
118. Reynolds, M.P., Borlaug, N.E., 2006. Applying innovations and new technologies for international collaborative wheat improvement. Journal of Agricultural Science 144, 95-110.
119. Rockström, J., Falkenmark, M., Karlberg, L., Hoff, H., Rost, S., 2009. Future water availability for global food production: The potential of green water for increasing resilience to global change. Water Resources Research 45.
120. Rodell, M., Velicogna, I., Famiglietti, J.S., 2009. Satellite-based estimates of groundwater depletion in India. Nature 460, U80-U999.
121. Romm, J., 2011. Oxfam: extreme weather has helped push tensof millions into hunger and poverty in Grim foretaste of warmed world. Think Progress (November).
122. Rosegrant, M.W., Paisner, M.S., Meijer, S., Witcover, J., 2001. 2020 Global Food Outlook: Trends, Alternatives, and Choices. International Food policy Research Institute, Washington, DC.
123. Rosenthal, E., 2013a. Burning fuel particles do more damage to climate than thought, study says. New York Times International 94, A9.
124. Rosenthal, E., 2013b. Guatemalans feel squeeze of biofuel in fields and markets. New York Times International (January).
125. Roy, R., 2009. Plant Nutrition for Food Security: A Guide for Integrated Nutrient Management. FAO, Rome, Italy.
126. Ruddiman, W., 2003. The anthropogenic greenhouse era began thousands of years ago. Climate Change 61, 261-293.
127. Ruddiman, W., 2005. Plows, Plagues and Petroleum: How Humans took Control of the Climate. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ pp. 224.
128. Santhosh, V., Padmalal, D., Baijulal, B., Maya, K., 2012. Brick and tile clay mining from the paddy lands of Central Kerala (southwest coast of India) and emerging environmental issues. Environmental Earth Sciences 67, 1-12.
129. Sawyer, E., Mallarino, A.P., Killorn, R., Barnhart, S.K., 2011. A Green Guide for Crop Nutrient and Limestone Recommendations in Iowa. Iowa State University Extension, Ames, IA pp. 20.
130. SEI, 2011. Understanding the Nexus. The Water, Energy and Food Security Nexus: Solutions for the Green Economy. Stockholm Environment Institute, Bonn Conference, Boon, Germany 51 pp.
131. Shah, T., 2007. The groundwater economy of South Asia: an assessment of size, significance and socio-ecological impacts. In: Giardano, M., Villhol, K.G. (Eds.), The Agricultural Groundwater Revolution: Opportunities and Threats to Development. CAB International, Wallingford, UK, pp. 7-36.
132. Shakti, 2012. A roadmap for cleaner brick production in India. In: Brick Kilns Performance Assessment. pp. 6-9.
133. Smil, V., 2000 October. Feeding the World: A Challenge for the Twenty-First Century. MIT Press, Cambridge.
134. Solomon, B.D., 2010. Biofuels and sustainability. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1185, 119-134.
135. Steen, P., 1998. Phosphorus availability in the 21st century: management of a non renewable resource. Phosphorus and Potassium 217, 25-31.
136. Stehfest, E., Bouwman, L., van Vuuren, D.P., den Elzen, M.G.J., Eickhout, B., Kabat, P., 2009. Climate benefits of changing diet. Climatic Change 95, 83-102.
137. Stockstad, E., 2010. Could less meat mean more food? Science 327, 810-811.
138. Soussana, J.F., Fereres, E., Long, S.P., Moren, F., Pandya-Lorch, R., Peltonen-Sainjo, P., Proter, J.R., Rosswall, T., Braun, J., 2012. A European science plan to sustainably increase food security under climate change. Global Change Biology 18, 3269-3476.
139. Swaminathan, M.S., 2012. Combating hunger. Science 338, 1009.
140. Swinnen, J., Squicciarini, P., 2012. Mixed messages on prices and food security. Science 335, 405-406.
141. Tao, F., Yokozawa, M., Liu, J., Zhang, Z., 2009. Climate change, land use change, and China's food security in the twenty-first century: and integrated perspective. Climatic Change 93, 433-445.
142. Tau, F., Yokozawa, M., Liu, J., Zhang, Z., 2009. Climate change, land use change, and China's food security in the twenty-first century: an integrated perspective. Climate Change 93, 433-445.
143. Tilman, D., Hill, J., Lehman, C., 2006. Carbon-negative biofuels from low-input high-diversity grassland biomass. Science 314, 1598-1600.
144. UNICEF, 2009. The State of World's Children. UNICEF, Paris, France.
145. UN, 2007. World Population. Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population division, New York.
146. United Nations, 2008. World urbanization prospects: the 2007 revision population database. United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs. Retrieved from http://esa.un.gov/unup.
147. Valentine, J., Clifton-Brown, J., Hastings, A., Robson, P., Allison, G., Smith, P., 2012. Food vs. fuel: the use of land for lignocellulosic next generation' energy crops that minimize competition with primary food production. Global Change Biology Bioenergy 4, 1-19.
148. Vermeulen, S.J., Aggarwal, P.K., Ainslie, A., Angelone, C., Campbell, B.M., Challinor, A.J., Hansen, J.W., Ingram, J.S.I., Jarvis, A., Kristjanson, P., Lau, C., Nelson, G.C., Thornton, P.K., Wollenberg, E., 2012. Options for support to agriculture and food security under climate change. Environmental Science & Policy 15, 136-144.
149. Vineis, P., Khan, A., 2012. Climate change induced-salinity threatens health. Science 338, 1028-1029.
150. Weber, W.L., Matthews, H.S., 2008. Food-miles and the relative climate impacts of food choices in the United States. Environmental Science and Technology 42, 3508-3513.
151. Wielopolski, L., Chatterjee, A., Mitra, S., Lal, R., 2011. In-situ determination of soil carbon pool by inelasatic neutron scatting. Geoderma 160, 394-399.
152. Wong, E, 2013. On a scale from 0 to 500, Beijing's air quality registers a 'crazy bad' 755. The New York Times. 13 January 2013. http://www.nytimes.com/ 2013/01/13/science/earth/beijing-air-pollution-off-the-charts.html?-r=0.
153. World Bank, 2008. Agriculture for development. World development report 2008, Washington, DC.
154. Wrigley, C., 2006. Global warming and wheat quality. Cereal Foods World 51, 34-36.
155. Ye, L., Van Ranst, E., 2009. Production scenarios and the effect of soil degradation on long-term food security in China. Global Environmental Change 19, 464-481.
156. Ziska, L.H., Bunce, J.A., Shimono, H., Gealy, D.R., Baker, J.T., Newton, P.C.D., Reynolds, M.P., Jagadish, K.S.V., Zhu, C., Howden, M., Wilson, L.T., 2012. Food security and climate change: on the potential to adapt global crop production by active selection to rising atmospheric carbon dioxide. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B 279, 4097-4105.
157. Zwane, A.P., 2012. Implications of Scarcity. Science 338, 617-618.