메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 121, Issue 8, 2013, Pages 878-885

Management options for reducing the release of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes to the environment

(13)  Pruden, Amy a   Joakim Larsson, D G b   Amézquita, Alejandro c   Collignon, Peter d,e   Brandt, Kristian K f   Graham, David W g   Lazorchak, James M h   Suzuki, Satoru i   Silley, Peter j,k   Snape, Jason R l   Topp, Edward m   Zhang, Tong n   Zhu, Yong Guan o  


Author keywords

Agriculture; Antibiotic manufacturing; Antibiotic resistance; Aquaculture; Livestock; Manure management; Policy; Wastewater treatment

Indexed keywords

AVOPARCIN; CIPROFLOXACIN; ERYTHROMYCIN; LINCOMYCIN; SULFAMETHOXAZOLE; SULFONAMIDE; TETRACYCLINE; TRIMETHOPRIM;

EID: 84881001245     PISSN: 00916765     EISSN: 15529924     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1206446     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (660)

References (108)
  • 1
    • 84862993049 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sustainable farming: Get pigs off antibiotics
    • Aarestrup F. 2012. Sustainable farming: get pigs off antibiotics. Nature 486:465-466.
    • (2012) Nature , vol.486 , pp. 465-466
    • Aarestrup, F.1
  • 2
    • 0034956450 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of abolishment of the use of antimicrobial agents for growth promotion on occurrence of antimicrobial resistance in fecal enterococci from food animals in Denmark
    • Aarestrup FM, Seyfarth AM, Emborg HD, Pedersen K, Hendriksen RS, Bager F. 2001. Effect of abolishment of the use of antimicrobial agents for growth promotion on occurrence of antimicrobial resistance in fecal enterococci from food animals in Denmark. Antimicrob Agents Chemo 45:2054-2059.
    • (2001) Antimicrob Agents Chemo , vol.45 , pp. 2054-2059
    • Aarestrup, F.M.1    Seyfarth, A.M.2    Emborg, H.D.3    Pedersen, K.4    Hendriksen, R.S.5    Bager, F.6
  • 3
    • 77949569493 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antibiotic resistance and its cost: Is it possible to reverse resistance?
    • Andersson DI, Hughes D. 2010. Antibiotic resistance and its cost: is it possible to reverse resistance? Nat Rev Microbiol 8:260-271.
    • (2010) Nat Rev Microbiol , vol.8 , pp. 260-271
    • Andersson, D.I.1    Hughes, D.2
  • 4
    • 84881016062 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human health risk assessment (HHRA) for environmental development and transfer of antibiotic resistance
    • 1206316 [Online 9 July 2013]
    • Ashbolt NJ, Amézquita A, Backhaus T, Borriello P, Brandt KK, Collignon P, et al. 2013. Human health risk assessment (HHRA) for environmental development and transfer of antibiotic resistance. Environ Health Perspect; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1206316 [Online 9 July 2013].
    • (2013) Environ Health Perspect
    • Ashbolt, N.J.1    Amézquita, A.2    Backhaus, T.3    Borriello, P.4    Brandt, K.K.5    Collignon, P.6
  • 5
    • 33846881547 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tetracycline resistance genes in activated sludge wastewater treatment plants
    • Auerbach EA, Seyfried EE, McMahon KD. 2007. Tetracycline resistance genes in activated sludge wastewater treatment plants. Water Res 41:1143-1151.
    • (2007) Water Res , vol.41 , pp. 1143-1151
    • Auerbach, E.A.1    Seyfried, E.E.2    McMahon, K.D.3
  • 6
    • 33846351206 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Determination of veterinary pharmaceuticals in production wastewater by HPTLC-videodensitometry
    • Babíc S, Mutavdžíc D, Ašperger D, Horvat A, KaštelanMacan M. 2007. Determination of veterinary pharmaceuticals in production wastewater by HPTLC-videodensitometry. Chromatographia 65:105-110.
    • (2007) Chromatographia , vol.65 , pp. 105-110
    • Babíc, S.1    Mutavdžíc, D.2    Ašperger, D.3    Horvat, A.4    KaštelanMacan, M.5
  • 9
    • 0030785125 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemiology of vancomycinresistant enterococci in the community and the relevance of farm animals to human infection
    • Bates J. 1997. Epidemiology of vancomycinresistant enterococci in the community and the relevance of farm animals to human infection. J Hosp Infect 37:89-101.
    • (1997) J Hosp Infect , vol.37 , pp. 89-101
    • Bates, J.1
  • 10
    • 78449240527 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cu exposure under field conditions coselects for antibiotic resistance as determined by a novel cultivation-independent bacterial community tolerance assay
    • Berg J, Thorsen MK, Holm PE, Jensen J, Nybroe O, Brandt KK. 2010. Cu exposure under field conditions coselects for antibiotic resistance as determined by a novel cultivation-independent bacterial community tolerance assay. Environ Sci Technol 44:8724-8728.
    • (2010) Environ Sci Technol , vol.44 , pp. 8724-8728
    • Berg, J.1    Thorsen, M.K.2    Holm, P.E.3    Jensen, J.4    Nybroe, O.5    Brandt, K.K.6
  • 11
    • 2442646487 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distribution and bioavailability of trace elements in livestock and poultry manure byproducts
    • Bolan N, Adriano D, Mahimairaja S. 2004. Distribution and bioavailability of trace elements in livestock and poultry manure byproducts. Crit Rev Environ Sci Technol 34:291-338.
    • (2004) Crit Rev Environ Sci Technol , vol.34 , pp. 291-338
    • Bolan, N.1    Adriano, D.2    Mahimairaja, S.3
  • 12
    • 33747625237 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of multidrug resistance in Acinetobacter species and Pseudomonas aeruginosa
    • Bonomo RA, Szabo D. 2006. Mechanisms of multidrug resistance in Acinetobacter species and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Clin Infect Dis 43(suppl 2):S49-S56.
    • (2006) Clin Infect Dis , vol.43 , Issue.SUPPL. 2
    • Bonomo, R.A.1    Szabo, D.2
  • 14
    • 34547769167 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Occurrence of antibioticresistant bacteria and endotoxin associated with the land application of biosolids
    • Brooks JP, Maxwell SL, Rensing C, Gerba CP, Pepper IL. 2007. Occurrence of antibioticresistant bacteria and endotoxin associated with the land application of biosolids. Can J Microbiol 53:616-622.
    • (2007) Can J Microbiol , vol.53 , pp. 616-622
    • Brooks, J.P.1    Maxwell, S.L.2    Rensing, C.3    Gerba, C.P.4    Pepper, I.L.5
  • 15
    • 33745146852 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heavy use of prophylactic antibiotics in aquaculture: A growing problem for human and animal health and for the environment
    • Cabello FC. 2006. Heavy use of prophylactic antibiotics in aquaculture: a growing problem for human and animal health and for the environment. Environ Microbiol 8:1137-1144.
    • (2006) Environ Microbiol , vol.8 , pp. 1137-1144
    • Cabello, F.C.1
  • 16
    • 84897918505 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ready for a world without antibiotics? The Pensières Antibiotic Resistance Call to Action
    • doi:10.1186/20472994111 [Online 14 February 2012]
    • Carlet J, Jarlier V, Harbarth S, Voss A, Goossens H, Pittet D, et al. 2012. Ready for a world without antibiotics? The Pensières Antibiotic Resistance Call to Action. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control 1:11; doi:10.1186/20472994111 [Online 14 February 2012].
    • (2012) Antimicrob Resist Infect Control , vol.1 , pp. 11
    • Carlet, J.1    Jarlier, V.2    Harbarth, S.3    Voss, A.4    Goossens, H.5    Pittet, D.6
  • 17
    • 66649103438 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fate and transport of antibiotic residues and antibiotic resistance genes following land application of manure waste
    • Chee-Sanford JC, Mackie RI, Koike S, Krapac IG, Lin YF, Yannarell AC, et al. 2009. Fate and transport of antibiotic residues and antibiotic resistance genes following land application of manure waste. J Environ Qual 38:1086-1108.
    • (2009) J Environ Qual , vol.38 , pp. 1086-1108
    • Chee-Sanford, J.C.1    McKie, R.I.2    Koike, S.3    Krapac, I.G.4    Lin, Y.F.5    Yannarell, A.C.6
  • 19
    • 78650288297 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of temperature on the fate of genes encoding tetracycline resistance and the integrase of class 1 integrons within anaerobic and aerobic digesters treating municipal wastewater solids
    • Diehl DL, LaPara TM. 2010. Effect of temperature on the fate of genes encoding tetracycline resistance and the integrase of class 1 integrons within anaerobic and aerobic digesters treating municipal wastewater solids. Environ Sci Technol 44:9128-9133.
    • (2010) Environ Sci Technol , vol.44 , pp. 9128-9133
    • Diehl, D.L.1    LaPara, T.M.2
  • 20
    • 84863701877 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Potential impacts of disinfection processes on elimination and deactivation of antibiotic resistance genes during water and wastewater treatment
    • Dodd MC. 2012. Potential impacts of disinfection processes on elimination and deactivation of antibiotic resistance genes during water and wastewater treatment. J Environ Monitor 14:1754-1771.
    • (2012) J Environ Monitor , vol.14 , pp. 1754-1771
    • Dodd, M.C.1
  • 21
    • 77955109241 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transformation of betalactam antibacterial agents during aqueous ozonation: Reaction pathways and quantitative bioassay of biologicallyactive oxidation products
    • Dodd MC, Rentsch D, Singer HP, Kohler HPE, von Gunten U. 2010. Transformation of betalactam antibacterial agents during aqueous ozonation: reaction pathways and quantitative bioassay of biologicallyactive oxidation products. Environ Sci Technol 44:5940-5948.
    • (2010) Environ Sci Technol , vol.44 , pp. 5940-5948
    • Dodd, M.C.1    Rentsch, D.2    Singer, H.P.3    Kohler, H.P.E.4    von Gunten, U.5
  • 24
    • 84881007325 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • FAO/OIE/WHO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations/World Organization for Animal Health/World Health Organization), Available, [accessed 18 April 2013]
    • FAO/OIE/WHO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations/World Organization for Animal Health/World Health Organization). 2004. Second Joint FAO/OIE/WHO Expert Workshop on NonHuman Antimicrobial Usage and Antimicrobial Resistance: Management Options. Available: http://www.oie.int/fileadmin/Home/eng/Conferences_Events/docs/pdf/WHO-CDS-CPE-ZFK-2004.8.pdf [accessed 18 April 2013].
    • (2004) Second Joint FAO/OIE/WHO Expert Workshop on NonHuman Antimicrobial Usage and Antimicrobial Resistance: Management Options
  • 25
    • 77956419838 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • FAO/OIE/WHO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations/World Organization for Animal Health/World Health Organization), Available, [accessed 18 April 2013]
    • FAO/OIE/WHO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations/World Organization for Animal Health/World Health Organization). 2006. Antimicrobial Use in Aquaculture and Antimicrobial Resistance. Available: http://www.who.int/topics/foodborne_diseases/aquaculture_rep_13_16june2006%20.pdf [accessed 18 April 2013].
    • (2006) Antimicrobial Use in Aquaculture and Antimicrobial Resistance
  • 27
    • 84858278081 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Correlation of tetracycline and sulfonamide antibiotics with corresponding resistance genes and resistant bacteria in a conventional municipal wastewater treatment plant
    • Gao P, Munir M, Xagoraraki I. 2012. Correlation of tetracycline and sulfonamide antibiotics with corresponding resistance genes and resistant bacteria in a conventional municipal wastewater treatment plant. Sci Total Environ 421-422:173-183.
    • (2012) Sci Total Environ , vol.421-422 , pp. 173-183
    • Gao, P.1    Munir, M.2    Xagoraraki, I.3
  • 30
    • 80455174702 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aquaculture effects on environmental and public welfare-the case of Mediterranean mariculture
    • Grigorakis K, Rigos G. 2011. Aquaculture effects on environmental and public welfare-the case of Mediterranean mariculture. Chemosphere 85:899-919.
    • (2011) Chemosphere , vol.85 , pp. 899-919
    • Grigorakis, K.1    Rigos, G.2
  • 32
    • 79251520015 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Application of herbs and herbal preparations in pig feeding
    • Hanczakowska E, Szewczyk A. 2007. Application of herbs and herbal preparations in pig feeding. Ann Anim Sci 7:3-11.
    • (2007) Ann Anim Sci , vol.7 , pp. 3-11
    • Hanczakowska, E.1    Szewczyk, A.2
  • 33
    • 79959306747 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antibiotic resistance gene spread due to manure application on agricultural fields
    • Heuer H, Schmitt H, Smalla K. 2011. Antibiotic resistance gene spread due to manure application on agricultural fields. Curr Opin Microbiol 14:236-243.
    • (2011) Curr Opin Microbiol , vol.14 , pp. 236-243
    • Heuer, H.1    Schmitt, H.2    Smalla, K.3
  • 34
    • 33748663056 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human health hazard from antimicrobial-resistant enterococci in animals and food
    • Heuer OE, Hammerum AM, Collignon P, Wegener HC. 2006. Human health hazard from antimicrobial-resistant enterococci in animals and food. Clin Infect Dis 43:911-916.
    • (2006) Clin Infect Dis , vol.43 , pp. 911-916
    • Heuer, O.E.1    Hammerum, A.M.2    Collignon, P.3    Wegener, H.C.4
  • 36
    • 79951542262 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Retrospective evidence for a biological cost of vancomycin resistance determinants in the absence of glycopeptide selective pressures
    • Johnsen PJ, Townsend JP, Bøhn T, Simonsen GS, Sundsfjord A, Nielsen KM. 2011. Retrospective evidence for a biological cost of vancomycin resistance determinants in the absence of glycopeptide selective pressures. J Antimicrob Chemother 66:608-610.
    • (2011) J Antimicrob Chemother , vol.66 , pp. 608-610
    • Johnsen, P.J.1    Townsend, J.P.2    Bøhn, T.3    Simonsen, G.S.4    Sundsfjord, A.5    Nielsen, K.M.6
  • 37
    • 0003698854 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Joint Expert Advisory Committee on Antibiotic Resistance, Available, [accessed 18 April 2013]
    • Joint Expert Advisory Committee on Antibiotic Resistance. 1999. The Use of Antibiotics in FoodProducing Animals: Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria in Animals and Humans. Available: http://www.health.gov.au/internet/main/publishing.nsf/content/2A8435C711929352CA256F180057901E/$File/jetacar.pdf [accessed 18 April 2013].
    • (1999) The Use of Antibiotics in FoodProducing Animals: Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria in Animals and Humans
  • 38
    • 75449120456 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Propensity of activated sludge to amplify or attenuate tetracycline resistance genes and tetracycline resistant bacteria: A mathematical modeling approach
    • Kim S, Park H, Chandran K. 2010. Propensity of activated sludge to amplify or attenuate tetracycline resistance genes and tetracycline resistant bacteria: a mathematical modeling approach. Chemosphere 78:1071-1077.
    • (2010) Chemosphere , vol.78 , pp. 1071-1077
    • Kim, S.1    Park, H.2    Chandran, K.3
  • 39
    • 80655128590 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antibiotic resistance gene abundances correlate with metal and geochemical conditions in archived Scottish soils
    • doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0027300 [Online 9 November 2011]
    • Knapp CW, McCluskey SM, Singh BK, Campbell CD, Hudson G, Graham DW. 2011. Antibiotic resistance gene abundances correlate with metal and geochemical conditions in archived Scottish soils. PLoS One 6(11):e27300; doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0027300 [Online 9 November 2011].
    • (2011) PLoS One , vol.6 , Issue.11
    • Knapp, C.W.1    McCluskey, S.M.2    Singh, B.K.3    Campbell, C.D.4    Hudson, G.5    Graham, D.W.6
  • 40
    • 84856732714 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hospital wastewater treatment by membrane bioreactor: Performance and efficiency for organic micropollutant elimination
    • Kovalova L, Siegrist H, Singer H, Wittmer A, McArdell CS. 2012. Hospital wastewater treatment by membrane bioreactor: performance and efficiency for organic micropollutant elimination. Environ Sci Technol 46:1536-1545.
    • (2012) Environ Sci Technol , vol.46 , pp. 1536-1545
    • Kovalova, L.1    Siegrist, H.2    Singer, H.3    Wittmer, A.4    McArdell, C.S.5
  • 41
    • 79951882096 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pyrosequencing of antibiotic-contaminated river sediments reveals high levels of resistance and gene transfer elements
    • doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0017038 [Online 16 February 2011]
    • Kristiansson E, Fick J, Janzon A, Grabic R, Rutgersson C, Weijdegård B, et al. 2011. Pyrosequencing of antibiotic-contaminated river sediments reveals high levels of resistance and gene transfer elements. PLoS One 6(2):e17038; doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0017038 [Online 16 February 2011].
    • (2011) PLoS One , vol.6 , Issue.2
    • Kristiansson, E.1    Fick, J.2    Janzon, A.3    Grabic, R.4    Rutgersson, C.5    Weijdegård, B.6
  • 42
    • 77955917495 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emergence of a new antibiotic resistance mechanism in India, Pakistan, and the UK: A molecular, biological, and epidemiological study
    • Kumarasamy KK, Toleman MA, Walsh TR, Bagaria J, Butt F, Balakrishnan R, et al. 2010. Emergence of a new antibiotic resistance mechanism in India, Pakistan, and the UK: a molecular, biological, and epidemiological study. Lancet Infect Dis 10:597-602.
    • (2010) Lancet Infect Dis , vol.10 , pp. 597-602
    • Kumarasamy, K.K.1    Toleman, M.A.2    Walsh, T.R.3    Bagaria, J.4    Butt, F.5    Balakrishnan, R.6
  • 43
    • 81055133764 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tertiarytreated municipal wastewater is a significant point source of antibiotic resistance genes into DuluthSuperior Harbor
    • LaPara TM, Burch TR, McNamara PJ, Tan DT, Yan M, Eichmiller JJ. 2011. Tertiarytreated municipal wastewater is a significant point source of antibiotic resistance genes into DuluthSuperior Harbor. Environ Sci Technol 45:9543-9549.
    • (2011) Environ Sci Technol , vol.45 , pp. 9543-9549
    • LaPara, T.M.1    Burch, T.R.2    McNamara, P.J.3    Tan, D.T.4    Yan, M.5    Eichmiller, J.J.6
  • 44
    • 79958796651 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Release of active pharmaceutical ingredients from manufacturing sites-need for new management strategies
    • Larsson DGJ. 2010. Release of active pharmaceutical ingredients from manufacturing sites-need for new management strategies. Integr Environ Assess Manag 6:184-186.
    • (2010) Integr Environ Assess Manag , vol.6 , pp. 184-186
    • Larsson, D.G.J.1
  • 45
    • 34548354864 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effluent from drug manufactures contains extremely high levels of pharmaceuticals
    • Larsson DGJ, de Pedro C, Paxeus N. 2007. Effluent from drug manufactures contains extremely high levels of pharmaceuticals. J Haz Materials 148:751-755.
    • (2007) J Haz Materials , vol.148 , pp. 751-755
    • Larsson, D.G.J.1    de Pedro, C.2    Paxeus, N.3
  • 46
    • 62549104174 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transparency throughout the production chain-a way to reduce pollution from the manufacturing of pharmaceuticals?
    • Larsson DGJ, Fick J. 2009. Transparency throughout the production chain-a way to reduce pollution from the manufacturing of pharmaceuticals? Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 53:161-163.
    • (2009) Regul Toxicol Pharmacol , vol.53 , pp. 161-163
    • Larsson, D.G.J.1    Fick, J.2
  • 48
    • 77951818480 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biodegradation and adsorption of antibiotics in the activated sludge process
    • Li B, Zhang T. 2010. Biodegradation and adsorption of antibiotics in the activated sludge process. Environ Sci Technol 44:3468-3473.
    • (2010) Environ Sci Technol , vol.44 , pp. 3468-3473
    • Li, B.1    Zhang, T.2
  • 49
    • 84861336214 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • pH significantly affects removal of trace antibiotics in chlorination of municipal wastewater
    • Li B, Zhang T. 2012. pH significantly affects removal of trace antibiotics in chlorination of municipal wastewater. Water Res 46:3703-3713.
    • (2012) Water Res , vol.46 , pp. 3703-3713
    • Li, B.1    Zhang, T.2
  • 50
    • 66649105857 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antibiotic-resistance profile in environmental bacteria isolated from penicillin production wastewater treatment plant and the receiving river
    • Li D, Yang M, Hu J, Zhang J, Liu R, Gu X, et al. 2009. Antibiotic-resistance profile in environmental bacteria isolated from penicillin production wastewater treatment plant and the receiving river. Environ Microbiol 11:1506-1517.
    • (2009) Environ Microbiol , vol.11 , pp. 1506-1517
    • Li, D.1    Yang, M.2    Hu, J.3    Zhang, J.4    Liu, R.5    Gu, X.6
  • 51
    • 77953037744 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antibiotic resistance characteristics of environmental bacteria from an oxytetracycline production wastewater treatment plant and the receiving river
    • Li D, Yu T, Zhang Y, Yang M, Li Z, Liu M, et al. 2010. Antibiotic resistance characteristics of environmental bacteria from an oxytetracycline production wastewater treatment plant and the receiving river. Appl Environ Microbiol 76:3444-3451.
    • (2010) Appl Environ Microbiol , vol.76 , pp. 3444-3451
    • Li, D.1    Yu, T.2    Zhang, Y.3    Yang, M.4    Li, Z.5    Liu, M.6
  • 52
    • 79955532650 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiple-criteria decision analysis reveals high stakeholder preference to remove pharmaceuticals from hospital wastewater
    • Lienert J, Koller M, Konrad J, McArdell CS, Schuwirth N. 2011. Multiple-criteria decision analysis reveals high stakeholder preference to remove pharmaceuticals from hospital wastewater. Environ Sci Technol 45:3848-3857.
    • (2011) Environ Sci Technol , vol.45 , pp. 3848-3857
    • Lienert, J.1    Koller, M.2    Konrad, J.3    McArdell, C.S.4    Schuwirth, N.5
  • 53
    • 80052734847 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of various sludge digestion conditions on sulfonamide, macrolide, and tetracycline resistance genes and class 1 integrons
    • Ma Y, Wilson CA, Novak JT, Riffat R, Aynur S, Murthy S, et al. 2011. Effect of various sludge digestion conditions on sulfonamide, macrolide, and tetracycline resistance genes and class 1 integrons. Environ Sci Technol 45:7855-7861.
    • (2011) Environ Sci Technol , vol.45 , pp. 7855-7861
    • Ma, Y.1    Wilson, C.A.2    Novak, J.T.3    Riffat, R.4    Aynur, S.5    Murthy, S.6
  • 54
    • 67650486955 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of natural environments in the evolution of resistance traits in pathogenic bacteria
    • Martinez JL. 2009. The role of natural environments in the evolution of resistance traits in pathogenic bacteria. Proc Biol Sci 276:2521-2530.
    • (2009) Proc Biol Sci , vol.276 , pp. 2521-2530
    • Martinez, J.L.1
  • 55
    • 77956507906 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tet and sul antibiotic resistance genes in livestock lagoons of various operation type, configuration, and antibiotic occurrence
    • McKinney CW, Loftin KA, Meyer MT, Davis JG, Pruden A. 2010. tet and sul antibiotic resistance genes in livestock lagoons of various operation type, configuration, and antibiotic occurrence. Environ Sci Technol 44:6102-6109.
    • (2010) Environ Sci Technol , vol.44 , pp. 6102-6109
    • McKinney, C.W.1    Loftin, K.A.2    Meyer, M.T.3    Davis, J.G.4    Pruden, A.5
  • 56
    • 84871269104 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ultraviolet disinfection of antibiotic resistant bacteria and their antibiotic resistance genes in water and wastewater
    • McKinney CW, Pruden A. 2012. Ultraviolet disinfection of antibiotic resistant bacteria and their antibiotic resistance genes in water and wastewater. Environ Sci Technol 46:13393-13400.
    • (2012) Environ Sci Technol , vol.46 , pp. 13393-13400
    • McKinney, C.W.1    Pruden, A.2
  • 59
    • 64349112992 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Degradation and elimination of various sulfonamides during anaerobic fermentation: A promising step on the way to sustainable pharmacy?
    • Mohring SAI, Strzysch I, Fernandes MR, Kiffmeyer TK, Tuerk J, Hamscher G. 2009. Degradation and elimination of various sulfonamides during anaerobic fermentation: a promising step on the way to sustainable pharmacy? Environ Sci Technol 43:2569-2574.
    • (2009) Environ Sci Technol , vol.43 , pp. 2569-2574
    • Mohring, S.A.I.1    Strzysch, I.2    Fernandes, M.R.3    Kiffmeyer, T.K.4    Tuerk, J.5    Hamscher, G.6
  • 60
    • 78650415638 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Release of antibiotic resistant bacteria and genes in the effluent and biosolids of five wastewater utilities in Michigan
    • Munir M, Wong K, Xagoraraki I. 2011. Release of antibiotic resistant bacteria and genes in the effluent and biosolids of five wastewater utilities in Michigan. Water Res 45:681-693.
    • (2011) Water Res , vol.45 , pp. 681-693
    • Munir, M.1    Wong, K.2    Xagoraraki, I.3
  • 61
    • 78651396480 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Levels of antibiotic resistance genes in manure, biosolids, and fertilized soil
    • Munir M, Xagoraraki I. 2011. Levels of antibiotic resistance genes in manure, biosolids, and fertilized soil. J Environ Qual 40:248-255.
    • (2011) J Environ Qual , vol.40 , pp. 248-255
    • Munir, M.1    Xagoraraki, I.2
  • 62
    • 84863823739 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Managing emissions of active pharmaceutical ingredients from manufacturing facilities: An environmental quality standard approach
    • MurraySmith RJ, Coombe VT, Grönlund MH, Waern F, Baird JA. 2012. Managing emissions of active pharmaceutical ingredients from manufacturing facilities: an environmental quality standard approach. Integr Environ Assess Manag 8:320-30.
    • (2012) Integr Environ Assess Manag , vol.8 , pp. 320-330
    • MurraySmith, R.J.1    Coombe, V.T.2    Grönlund, M.H.3    Waern, F.4    Baird, J.A.5
  • 63
    • 60349099504 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Occurrence of ciprofloxacin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole-, and vancomycin-resistant bacteria in a municipal wastewater treatment plant
    • Nagulapally SR, Ahmad A, Henry A, Marchin GL, Zurek L, Bhandari A. 2009. Occurrence of ciprofloxacin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole-, and vancomycin-resistant bacteria in a municipal wastewater treatment plant. Water Environ Res 81:82-90.
    • (2009) Water Environ Res , vol.81 , pp. 82-90
    • Nagulapally, S.R.1    Ahmad, A.2    Henry, A.3    Marchin, G.L.4    Zurek, L.5    Bhandari, A.6
  • 64
    • 84881021173 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Naturvårdsverket (Swedish Environmental Protection Agency), Repport 6502. Available, [accessed 22 April 2013]
    • Naturvårdsverket (Swedish Environmental Protection Agency). 2012. From Waste Management to Resource Management: Swedish Waste Management Plan 2012-2017 [in Swedish]. Repport 6502. Available: http://www.naturvardsverket.se/Documents/publikationer6400/9789162065027.pdf [accessed 22 April 2013].
    • (2012) From Waste Management to Resource Management: Swedish Waste Management Plan 2012-2017 [in Swedish]
  • 65
    • 67349085503 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transfer of the chromosomally encoded tetracycline resistance gene tet(M) from marine bacteria to Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecalis
    • Neela FA, Nonaka L, Rahman MH, Suzuki S. 2009. Transfer of the chromosomally encoded tetracycline resistance gene tet(M) from marine bacteria to Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecalis. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 25:1095-1101.
    • (2009) World J Microbiol Biotechnol , vol.25 , pp. 1095-1101
    • Neela, F.A.1    Nonaka, L.2    Rahman, M.H.3    Suzuki, S.4
  • 66
    • 0030982247 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A molecular view of microbial diversity and the biosphere
    • Pace NR. 1997. A molecular view of microbial diversity and the biosphere. Science 276:734-740.
    • (1997) Science , vol.276 , pp. 734-740
    • Pace, N.R.1
  • 67
    • 34547181336 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Response of antibiotic resistance genes (ARG) to biological treatment in dairy lagoon water
    • Pei R, Cha J, Carlson KH, Pruden A. 2007. Response of antibiotic resistance genes (ARG) to biological treatment in dairy lagoon water. Environ Sci Technol 41:5108-5113.
    • (2007) Environ Sci Technol , vol.41 , pp. 5108-5113
    • Pei, R.1    Cha, J.2    Carlson, K.H.3    Pruden, A.4
  • 68
    • 84868578288 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Correlation between upstream human activities and riverine antibiotic resistance genes
    • Pruden A, Arabi M, Storteboom HN. 2012. Correlation between upstream human activities and riverine antibiotic resistance genes. Environ Sci Technol 46:11541-11549.
    • (2012) Environ Sci Technol , vol.46 , pp. 11541-11549
    • Pruden, A.1    Arabi, M.2    Storteboom, H.N.3
  • 69
    • 0033667929 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of oral antibiotics or bovine plasma on survival, health and growth in dairy calves challenged with Escherichia coli
    • Quigley JD, Drew MD. 2000. Effects of oral antibiotics or bovine plasma on survival, health and growth in dairy calves challenged with Escherichia coli. Food Agricul Immunol 12:311-318.
    • (2000) Food Agricul Immunol , vol.12 , pp. 311-318
    • Quigley, J.D.1    Drew, M.D.2
  • 70
    • 48249126372 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Occurrence of two genotypes of tetracycline (TC) resistance gene tet(M) in the TCresistant bacteria in marine sediments of Japan
    • Rahman MH, Nonaka L, Tago R, Suzuki S. 2008. Occurrence of two genotypes of tetracycline (TC) resistance gene tet(M) in the TCresistant bacteria in marine sediments of Japan. Environ Sci Technol 42:5055-5061.
    • (2008) Environ Sci Technol , vol.42 , pp. 5055-5061
    • Rahman, M.H.1    Nonaka, L.2    Tago, R.3    Suzuki, S.4
  • 72
    • 84870062744 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of wastewater colloids on membrane removal of microconstituent antibiotic resistance genes
    • Riquelme Breazeal MV, Vikesland PJ, Novak, JT, Pruden A. 2013. Effect of wastewater colloids on membrane removal of microconstituent antibiotic resistance genes. Water Res 47:130-140.
    • (2013) Water Res , vol.47 , pp. 130-140
    • Riquelme Breazeal, M.V.1    Vikesland, P.J.2    Novak, J.T.3    Pruden, A.4
  • 73
    • 84880108657 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tetracycline resistance gene maintenance under varying bacterial growth rate, substrate and oxygen availability, and tetracycline concentration
    • doi:10.1021/es3035329 [Online 5 February 2013]
    • Rysz M, Mansfield WR, Fortner JD, Alvarez PJJ. 2013. Tetracycline resistance gene maintenance under varying bacterial growth rate, substrate and oxygen availability, and tetracycline concentration. Environ Sci Technol 47(13):6995-7001; doi:10.1021/es3035329 [Online 5 February 2013].
    • (2013) Environ Sci Technol , vol.47 , Issue.13 , pp. 6995-7001
    • Rysz, M.1    Mansfield, W.R.2    Fortner, J.D.3    Alvarez, P.J.J.4
  • 74
    • 84862833273 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antimicrobial resistance and resistance genes in Escherichia coli strains isolated from commercial fish and seafood
    • Ryu SH, Park SG, Choi SM, Hwang YO, Ham HJ, Kim SU, et al. 2012. Antimicrobial resistance and resistance genes in Escherichia coli strains isolated from commercial fish and seafood. Intern J Food Microbiol 152:14-18.
    • (2012) Intern J Food Microbiol , vol.152 , pp. 14-18
    • Ryu, S.H.1    Park, S.G.2    Choi, S.M.3    Hwang, Y.O.4    Ham, H.J.5    Kim, S.U.6
  • 75
    • 80455162350 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lower prevalence of antibiotic-resistant enterococci on U.S. conventional poultry farms that transitioned to organic practices
    • Sapkota AR, Hulet RM, Zhang G, McDermott P, Kinney EL, Schwab KJ, et al. 2011. Lower prevalence of antibiotic-resistant enterococci on U.S. conventional poultry farms that transitioned to organic practices. Environ Health Perspect 119:1622-1628.
    • (2011) Environ Health Perspect , vol.119 , pp. 1622-1628
    • Sapkota, A.R.1    Hulet, R.M.2    Zhang, G.3    McDermott, P.4    Kinney, E.L.5    Schwab, K.J.6
  • 76
    • 33747876745 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A global perspective on the use, sales, exposure pathways, occurrence, fate and effects of veterinary antibiotics (VAs) in the environment
    • Sarmah AK, Meyer MT, Boxall ABA. 2006. A global perspective on the use, sales, exposure pathways, occurrence, fate and effects of veterinary antibiotics (VAs) in the environment. Chemosphere 65:725-759.
    • (2006) Chemosphere , vol.65 , pp. 725-759
    • Sarmah, A.K.1    Meyer, M.T.2    Boxall, A.B.A.3
  • 77
    • 34250348135 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genomics of IncP1 antibiotic resistance plasmids isolated from wastewater treatment plants provides evidence for a widely accessible drug resistance gene pool
    • Schlüter A, Szczepanowski R, Pühler A, Top EM. 2007. Genomics of IncP1 antibiotic resistance plasmids isolated from wastewater treatment plants provides evidence for a widely accessible drug resistance gene pool. FEMS Microbiol Rev 31:449-477.
    • (2007) FEMS Microbiol Rev , vol.31 , pp. 449-477
    • Schlüter, A.1    Szczepanowski, R.2    Pühler, A.3    Top, E.M.4
  • 78
    • 77953007349 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Scientific Committee on Emerging and Newly Identified Health Risks, Available, [accessed 2 July 2013]
    • Scientific Committee on Emerging and Newly Identified Health Risks. 2009. Assessment of the Antibiotic Resistance Effects of Biocides. Available: http://ec.europa.eu/health/ph_risk/committees/04_scenihr/docs/scenihr_o_021.pdf [accessed 2 July 2013].
    • (2009) Assessment of the Antibiotic Resistance Effects of Biocides
  • 79
    • 84881005582 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Requirement MSR 10057
    • SEMC (Swedish Environmental Management Council), Available, [accessed 5 July 2013]
    • SEMC (Swedish Environmental Management Council). 2011. Requirement MSR 10057. Environmental Procedures in the Supplier Chain Advanced. Available: http://www.msr.se/en/Upphandling/SEMCOProcurementcriteria/Nursingand-care/Pharmaceuticals/Pharmaceutical-products/Environmental-procedures-in-the-supplier-chain---advanced/ [accessed 5 July 2013].
    • (2011) Environmental Procedures in the Supplier Chain Advanced
  • 80
    • 63449085280 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selected antimicrobial resistance during composting of manure from cattle administered sub-therapeutic antimicrobials
    • Sharma R, Larney FJ, Chen J, Yanke LJ, Morrison M, Topp E, et al. 2009. Selected antimicrobial resistance during composting of manure from cattle administered sub-therapeutic antimicrobials J Environ Qual 38:567-575.
    • (2009) J Environ Qual , vol.38 , pp. 567-575
    • Sharma, R.1    Larney, F.J.2    Chen, J.3    Yanke, L.J.4    Morrison, M.5    Topp, E.6
  • 81
    • 78651458044 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Occurrence and distribution of pharmaceuticals in wastewater from households, livestock farms, hospitals and pharmaceutical manufactures
    • Sim WJ, Lee JW, Lee ES, Shin SK, Hwang SR, Oh JE. 2011. Occurrence and distribution of pharmaceuticals in wastewater from households, livestock farms, hospitals and pharmaceutical manufactures. Chemosphere 82:179-186.
    • (2011) Chemosphere , vol.82 , pp. 179-186
    • Sim, W.J.1    Lee, J.W.2    Lee, E.S.3    Shin, S.K.4    Hwang, S.R.5    Oh, J.E.6
  • 82
    • 33751255170 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Agricultural antibiotics and human health
    • doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.0020232 [Online 5 July 2005]
    • Smith DL, Dushoff J, Morris JG Jr. 2005. Agricultural antibiotics and human health. PLoS Med 2(8):e232; doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.0020232 [Online 5 July 2005].
    • (2005) PLoS Med , vol.2 , Issue.8
    • Smith, D.L.1    Dushoff, J.2    Morris Jr., J.G.3
  • 84
    • 84856461571 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The critical impact of time discounting on economic incentives to overcome the antibiotic market failure
    • doi:10.1038/nrd3560c1 [Online 1 February 2012]
    • Spellberg B, Sharma P, Rex JH. 2012. The critical impact of time discounting on economic incentives to overcome the antibiotic market failure. Nat Rev Drug Discov 1:168; doi:10.1038/nrd3560c1 [Online 1 February 2012].
    • (2012) Nat Rev Drug Discov , vol.1 , pp. 168
    • Spellberg, B.1    Sharma, P.2    Rex, J.H.3
  • 86
    • 77957372594 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tracking antibiotic resistance genes in the South Platte River basin using molecular signatures of urban, agricultural, and pristine sources
    • Storteboom H, Arabi M, Davis JG, Crimi B, Pruden A. 2010. Tracking antibiotic resistance genes in the South Platte River basin using molecular signatures of urban, agricultural, and pristine sources. Environ Sci Technol 44:7397-7404.
    • (2010) Environ Sci Technol , vol.44 , pp. 7397-7404
    • Storteboom, H.1    Arabi, M.2    Davis, J.G.3    Crimi, B.4    Pruden, A.5
  • 87
    • 36248989150 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Response of antibiotics and resistance genes to highintensity and lowintensity manure management
    • Storteboom HN, Kim SC, Doesken KC, Carlson KH, Davis JG, Pruden A. 2007. Response of antibiotics and resistance genes to highintensity and lowintensity manure management. J Environ Qual 36:1695-1703.
    • (2007) J Environ Qual , vol.36 , pp. 1695-1703
    • Storteboom, H.N.1    Kim, S.C.2    Doesken, K.C.3    Carlson, K.H.4    Davis, J.G.5    Pruden, A.6
  • 88
    • 84865452814 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distribution of quinolones, sulfonamides, tetracyclines in aquatic environment and antibiotic resistance in Indochina
    • doi:10.3389/fmicb.2012.00067 [Online 22 February 2012]
    • Suzuki S, Hoa PTP. 2012. Distribution of quinolones, sulfonamides, tetracyclines in aquatic environment and antibiotic resistance in Indochina. Front Microbiol 3:67; doi:10.3389/fmicb.2012.00067 [Online 22 February 2012].
    • (2012) Front Microbiol , vol.3 , pp. 67
    • Suzuki, S.1    Hoa, P.T.P.2
  • 89
    • 84880972440 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Swedish Government, Available, [accessed 5 July 2013]
    • Swedish Government. 2011. National Pharmaceutical Strategy [in Swedish]. Available: http://www.regeringen.se/sb/d/108/a/173805 [accessed 5 July 2013].
    • (2011) National Pharmaceutical Strategy [in Swedish]
  • 90
    • 84880999248 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ersättning vid läkemedelsskador och miljöhänsyn i läkemedelsförmånerna [in Swedish]
    • Swedish Government, Available, [accessed 22 April 2013]
    • Swedish Government. 2013. Ersättning vid läkemedelsskador och miljöhänsyn i läkemedelsförmånerna [in Swedish]. Statens offentliga utredningar 2013:23. Available: http://www.sou.gov.se/content/1/c6/21/39/71/b8db4267.pdf [accessed 22 April 2013].
    • (2013) Statens offentliga utredningar , vol.2013 , pp. 23
  • 91
    • 69949162470 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection of 140 clinically relevant antibiotic-resistance genes in the plasmid metagenome of wastewater treatment plant bacteria showing reduced susceptibility to selected antibiotics
    • Szczepanowski R, Linke B, Krahn I, Gartemann KH, Gützkow T, Eichler W, et al. 2009. Detection of 140 clinically relevant antibiotic-resistance genes in the plasmid metagenome of wastewater treatment plant bacteria showing reduced susceptibility to selected antibiotics. Microbiology 155:2306-2319.
    • (2009) Microbiology , vol.155 , pp. 2306-2319
    • Szczepanowski, R.1    Linke, B.2    Krahn, I.3    Gartemann, K.H.4    Gützkow, T.5    Eichler, W.6
  • 92
    • 84880973645 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The measures for sustainable marine aquaculture in Japan
    • Available, [accessed 1 July 2013]
    • Takeda I. 2010. The measures for sustainable marine aquaculture in Japan. Bull Fish Res Agency 29:135-141. Available: http://www.fra.affrc.go.jp/bulletin/bull/bull29/15.pdf [accessed 1 July 2013].
    • (2010) Bull Fish Res Agency , vol.29 , pp. 135-141
    • Takeda, I.1
  • 93
    • 84875662076 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Excretion of antibiotic resistance genes by dairy calves fed milk replacers with varying doses of antibiotics
    • doi:10.3389/fmicb.2012.00139 [Online 10 April 2012]
    • Thames CH, Pruden A, James RE, Ray PP, Knowlton KF. 2012. Excretion of antibiotic resistance genes by dairy calves fed milk replacers with varying doses of antibiotics. Front Microbiol 3:139; doi:10.3389/fmicb.2012.00139 [Online 10 April 2012].
    • (2012) Front Microbiol , vol.3 , pp. 139
    • Thames, C.H.1    Pruden, A.2    James, R.E.3    Ray, P.P.4    Knowlton, K.F.5
  • 94
    • 36749068464 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Source to sink tracking of selected human pharmaceuticals from two Oslo city hospitals and a wastewater treatment works
    • Thomas KV, Dye C, Schlabach M, Langford KH. 2007. Source to sink tracking of selected human pharmaceuticals from two Oslo city hospitals and a wastewater treatment works. J Environ Monit 9:1410-1418.
    • (2007) J Environ Monit , vol.9 , pp. 1410-1418
    • Thomas, K.V.1    Dye, C.2    Schlabach, M.3    Langford, K.H.4
  • 96
    • 77952527384 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A review of key health-related welfare issues in organic poultry production
    • van de Weerd HA, Keatinge R, Roderick S. 2009. A review of key health-related welfare issues in organic poultry production. World Poult Sci J 65:649-684.
    • (2009) World Poult Sci J , vol.65 , pp. 649-684
    • van de Weerd, H.A.1    Keatinge, R.2    Roderick, S.3
  • 97
    • 0345839252 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Where will new antibiotics come from?
    • Walsh C. 2003. Where will new antibiotics come from? Nat Rev Micro 1:65-70.
    • (2003) Nat Rev Micro , vol.1 , pp. 65-70
    • Walsh, C.1
  • 98
    • 79955468462 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dissemination of NDM1 positive bacteria in the New Delhi environment and its implications for human health: An environmental point prevalence study
    • Walsh TR, Weeks J, Livermore DM, Toleman MA. 2011. Dissemination of NDM1 positive bacteria in the New Delhi environment and its implications for human health: an environmental point prevalence study. Lancet Infect Dis 11:355-362.
    • (2011) Lancet Infect Dis , vol.11 , pp. 355-362
    • Walsh, T.R.1    Weeks, J.2    Livermore, D.M.3    Toleman, M.A.4
  • 99
    • 84855577303 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Persistence of resistance to erythromycin and tetracycline in swine manure during simulated composting and lagoon treatments
    • Wang L, Oda Y, Grewal S, Morrison M, Michel F, Yu Z. 2012. Persistence of resistance to erythromycin and tetracycline in swine manure during simulated composting and lagoon treatments. Microb Ecol 63:32-40.
    • (2012) Microb Ecol , vol.63 , pp. 32-40
    • Wang, L.1    Oda, Y.2    Grewal, S.3    Morrison, M.4    Michel, F.5    Yu, Z.6
  • 100
    • 57149105371 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Potential public hazard of using antibiotics in livestock industry [in Chinese]
    • Wang YP, Ma Y. 2008. Potential public hazard of using antibiotics in livestock industry [in Chinese]. Chin J Antibio 33:519-523.
    • (2008) Chin J Antibio , vol.33 , pp. 519-523
    • Wang, Y.P.1    Ma, Y.2
  • 101
    • 84455188979 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Zoonotic bacteria, antimicrobial use and antimicrobial resistance in ornamental fish: A systematic review of the existing research and survey of aquaculture-allied professionals
    • Weir M, Rajíc A, Dutil L, Cernicchiaro N, Uhland F, Mercier B, et al. 2012. Zoonotic bacteria, antimicrobial use and antimicrobial resistance in ornamental fish: a systematic review of the existing research and survey of aquaculture-allied professionals. Epidemiol Infect 140:192-206.
    • (2012) Epidemiol Infect , vol.140 , pp. 192-206
    • Weir, M.1    Rajíc, A.2    Dutil, L.3    Cernicchiaro, N.4    Uhland, F.5    Mercier, B.6
  • 102
    • 84870462169 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • WHO (World Health Organization), Available, [accessed 22 August 2012]
    • WHO (World Health Organization). 2012a. Antimicrobial Resistance. Available: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs194/en/ [accessed 22 August 2012].
    • (2012) Antimicrobial Resistance
  • 103
    • 84878493032 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • WHO (World Health Organization), Available, [accessed 31 October 2012]
    • WHO (World Health Organization). 2012b. Health through Safe Drinking Water and Basic Sanitation. Available: http://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/mdg1/en/index.html [accessed 31 October 2012].
    • (2012) Health through Safe Drinking Water and Basic Sanitation
  • 104
    • 77957820588 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antibiotic resistance in the environment: A link to the clinic?
    • Wright GD. 2010. Antibiotic resistance in the environment: a link to the clinic? Curr Opin Microbiol 13:589-594.
    • (2010) Curr Opin Microbiol , vol.13 , pp. 589-594
    • Wright, G.D.1
  • 105
    • 77956531457 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Abundance and diversity of tetracycline resistance genes in soils adjacent to representative swine feedlots in China
    • Wu N, Qiao M, Zhang B, Cheng WD, Zhu YG. 2010. Abundance and diversity of tetracycline resistance genes in soils adjacent to representative swine feedlots in China. Environ Sci Technol 44:6933-6939.
    • (2010) Environ Sci Technol , vol.44 , pp. 6933-6939
    • Wu, N.1    Qiao, M.2    Zhang, B.3    Cheng, W.D.4    Zhu, Y.G.5
  • 106
    • 79956110859 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Occurrence, transformation, and fate of antibiotics in municipal wastewater treatment plants
    • Zhang T, Li B. 2011. Occurrence, transformation, and fate of antibiotics in municipal wastewater treatment plants. Crit Rev Environ Sci Technol 41:951-998.
    • (2011) Crit Rev Environ Sci Technol , vol.41 , pp. 951-998
    • Zhang, T.1    Li, B.2
  • 107
    • 65049085179 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wastewater treatment contributes to selective increase of antibiotic resistance among Acinetobacter spp
    • Zhang Y, Marrs CF, Simon C, Xi C. 2009. Wastewater treatment contributes to selective increase of antibiotic resistance among Acinetobacter spp. Sci Total Environ 407:3702-3706.
    • (2009) Sci Total Environ , vol.407 , pp. 3702-3706
    • Zhang, Y.1    Marrs, C.F.2    Simon, C.3    Xi, C.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.