메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 8, Issue 7, 2013, Pages

Extracellular ATP Released by Osteoblasts Is A Key Local Inhibitor of Bone Mineralisation

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADENOSINE DIPHOSPHATE; ADENOSINE PHOSPHATE; ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATE; ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE; APYRASE; BREFELDIN A; COLLAGEN; N ETHYLMALEIMIDE; NUCLEOTIDE PYROPHOSPHATASE; PHOSPHODIESTERASE; PURINERGIC P2X1 RECEPTOR; PURINERGIC P2X7 RECEPTOR;

EID: 84880125704     PISSN: None     EISSN: 19326203     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0069057     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (58)

References (45)
  • 1
    • 0015393308 scopus 로고
    • Purinergic nerves
    • 4404211
    • Burnstock G, (1972) Purinergic nerves. Pharmacol Rev 24: 509-581. PubMed: 4404211.
    • (1972) Pharmacol Rev , vol.24 , pp. 509-581
    • Burnstock, G.1
  • 2
    • 0022178232 scopus 로고
    • Is there a basis for distinguishing two types of P2-purinoceptor?
    • Gen
    • Burnstock G, Kennedy C, (1985) Is there a basis for distinguishing two types of P2-purinoceptor? Gen Pharmacologist 16: 433-440.
    • (1985) Pharmacologist , vol.16 , pp. 433-440
    • Burnstock, G.1    Kennedy, C.2
  • 3
    • 0027962545 scopus 로고
    • Purinoceptors: are there families of P2X and P2Y purinoceptors?
    • doi: 10.1016/0163-7258(94)00048-4
    • Abbracchio MP, Burnstock G, (1994) Purinoceptors: are there families of P2X and P2Y purinoceptors? Pharmacol Ther 64: 445-475. doi:10.1016/0163-7258(94)00048-4. PubMed: 7724657.
    • (1994) Pharmacol Ther , vol.64 , pp. 445-475
    • Abbracchio, M.P.1    Burnstock, G.2
  • 4
    • 0031754497 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Receptors for purines and pyrimidines
    • 9755289
    • Ralevic V, Burnstock G, (1998) Receptors for purines and pyrimidines. Pharmacol Rev 50: 413-492. PubMed: 9755289.
    • (1998) Pharmacol Rev , vol.50 , pp. 413-492
    • Ralevic, V.1    Burnstock, G.2
  • 5
    • 34250719722 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Purine and pyrimidine receptors
    • PubMed, 1483. doi:10.1007/s00018-007-6497-0
    • Burnstock G, (2007) Purine and pyrimidine receptors. Cell Mol Life Sci 64: 1471-1483 1483. doi:10.1007/s00018-007-6497-0. PubMed: 17375261.
    • (2007) Cell Mol Life Sci , vol.64 , pp. 1471-1483
    • Burnstock, G.1
  • 6
    • 77954660043 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Purinergic signalling and bone remodelling
    • doi: 10.1016/j.coph.2010.01.003
    • Orriss IR, Burnstock G, Arnett TR, (2010) Purinergic signalling and bone remodelling. Curr Opin Pharmacol 10: 322-330. doi:10.1016/j.coph.2010.01.003. PubMed: 20189453.
    • (2010) Curr Opin Pharmacol , vol.10 , pp. 322-330
    • Orriss, I.R.1    Burnstock, G.2    Arnett, T.R.3
  • 7
    • 84879193033 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2Y receptors in bone
    • receptors in bone. WIREs Membr Transp Signal 1: 805-814
    • Orriss IR, Arnett TR, (2012). p. pp. 2Y receptors in bone. WIREs Membr Transp Signal 1: 805-814.
    • (2012) WIREs Membr Transp Signal , vol.1 , pp. 805-814
    • Orriss, I.R.1    Arnett, T.R.2
  • 9
    • 80053125171 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • P2 receptor expression, signaling and function in osteoclasts
    • 21622259
    • Reyes JP, Sims SM, Dixon SJ, (2011) P2 receptor expression, signaling and function in osteoclasts. Front Biosci (Schol Ed) 3: 1101-1118. PubMed: 21622259.
    • (2011) Front Biosci (Schol Ed) , vol.3 , pp. 1101-1118
    • Reyes, J.P.1    Sims, S.M.2    Dixon, S.J.3
  • 10
    • 0033851335 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ATP activates DNA synthesis by acting on P2X receptors in human osteoblast-like MG-63 cells
    • doi: 10913018
    • Nakamura E, Uezono Y, Narusawa K, Shibuya I, Oishi Y, et al. (2000) ATP activates DNA synthesis by acting on P2X receptors in human osteoblast-like MG-63 cells. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 279: C510-C519. PubMed: 10913018.
    • (2000) Am J Physiol Cell Physiol , vol.279
    • Nakamura, E.1    Uezono, Y.2    Narusawa, K.3    Shibuya, I.4    Oishi, Y.5
  • 11
    • 34047243995 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • P2X7 nucleotide receptors mediate blebbing in osteoblasts through a pathway involving lysophosphatidic acid
    • 17135244
    • Panupinthu N, Zhao L, Possmayer F, Ke HZ, Sims SM, et al. (2007) P2X7 nucleotide receptors mediate blebbing in osteoblasts through a pathway involving lysophosphatidic acid. J Biol Chem 282: 3403-3412. PubMed: 17135244.
    • (2007) J Biol Chem , vol.282 , pp. 3403-3412
    • Panupinthu, N.1    Zhao, L.2    Possmayer, F.3    Ke, H.Z.4    Sims, S.M.5
  • 12
    • 0035046976 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extracellular nucleotide signaling: a mechanism for integrating local and systemic responses in the activation of bone remodeling
    • doi: 10.1016/S8756-3282(01)00430-6
    • Bowler WB, Buckley KA, Gartland A, Hipskind RA, Bilbe G, et al. (2001) Extracellular nucleotide signaling: a mechanism for integrating local and systemic responses in the activation of bone remodeling. Bone 28: 507-512. doi:10.1016/S8756-3282(01)00430-6. PubMed: 11344050.
    • (2001) Bone , vol.28 , pp. 507-512
    • Bowler, W.B.1    Buckley, K.A.2    Gartland, A.3    Hipskind, R.A.4    Bilbe, G.5
  • 13
    • 0035937789 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Parathyroid hormone potentiates nucleotide-induced [Ca2+]i release in rat osteoblasts independently of Gq activation or cyclic monophosphate accumulation. A mechanism for localizing systemic responses in bone
    • doi: 10.1074/jbc.M005672200
    • Buckley KA, Wagstaff SC, McKay G, Gaw A, Hipskind RA, et al. (2001) Parathyroid hormone potentiates nucleotide-induced [Ca2+]i release in rat osteoblasts independently of Gq activation or cyclic monophosphate accumulation. A mechanism for localizing systemic responses in bone. J Biol Chem 276: 9565-9571. doi:10.1074/jbc.M005672200. PubMed: 11124938.
    • (2001) J Biol Chem , vol.276 , pp. 9565-9571
    • Buckley, K.A.1    Wagstaff, S.C.2    McKay, G.3    Gaw, A.4    Hipskind, R.A.5
  • 14
    • 44649092795 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • P2X7 receptors on osteoblasts couple to production of lysophosphatidic acid: a signaling axis promoting osteogenesis
    • doi: 10.1083/jcb.200708037
    • Panupinthu N, Rogers JT, Zhao L, Solano-Flores LP, Possmayer F, et al. (2008) P2X7 receptors on osteoblasts couple to production of lysophosphatidic acid: a signaling axis promoting osteogenesis. J Cell Biol 181: 859-871. doi:10.1083/jcb.200708037. PubMed: 18519738.
    • (2008) J Cell Biol , vol.181 , pp. 859-871
    • Panupinthu, N.1    Rogers, J.T.2    Zhao, L.3    Solano-Flores, L.P.4    Possmayer, F.5
  • 15
    • 84855222566 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduced bone turnover in mice lacking the P2Y(13) receptor of ADP
    • doi: 10.1210/me.2011-1083
    • Wang N, Robaye B, Agrawal A, Skerry TM, Boeynaems JM, et al. (2012) Reduced bone turnover in mice lacking the P2Y(13) receptor of ADP. Mol Endocrinol 26: 142-152. doi:10.1210/me.2011-1083. PubMed: 22108801.
    • (2012) Mol Endocrinol , vol.26 , pp. 142-152
    • Wang, N.1    Robaye, B.2    Agrawal, A.3    Skerry, T.M.4    Boeynaems, J.M.5
  • 16
    • 84859401064 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Purinergic receptors influence the differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells
    • doi: 10.1089/scd.2010.0576
    • Zippel N, Limbach CA, Ratajski N, Urban C, Luparello C, et al. (2012) Purinergic receptors influence the differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells. Stem Cells Dev 21: 884-900. doi:10.1089/scd.2010.0576. PubMed: 21740266.
    • (2012) Stem Cells Dev , vol.21 , pp. 884-900
    • Zippel, N.1    Limbach, C.A.2    Ratajski, N.3    Urban, C.4    Luparello, C.5
  • 17
    • 84875953983 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extracellular purines promote the differentiation of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells to the osteogenic and adipogenic Lineages
    • 23259837
    • Ciciarello M, Zini R, Rossi L, Salvestrini V, Ferrari D, et al. (2013) Extracellular purines promote the differentiation of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells to the osteogenic and adipogenic Lineages. Stem Cells Dev 22: 1097-1111. PubMed: 23259837.
    • (2013) Stem Cells Dev , vol.22 , pp. 1097-1111
    • Ciciarello, M.1    Zini, R.2    Rossi, L.3    Salvestrini, V.4    Ferrari, D.5
  • 18
    • 84867566463 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clopidogrel (Plavix), a P2Y12 receptor antagonist, inhibits bone cell function in vitro and decreases trabecular bone in vivo
    • doi: 10.1002/jbmr.1690
    • Syberg S, Brandao-Burch A, Patel JJ, Hajjawi M, Arnett TR, et al. (2012) Clopidogrel (Plavix), a P2Y12 receptor antagonist, inhibits bone cell function in vitro and decreases trabecular bone in vivo. J Bone Miner Res 27: 2373-2388. doi:10.1002/jbmr.1690. PubMed: 22714653.
    • (2012) J Bone Miner Res , vol.27 , pp. 2373-2388
    • Syberg, S.1    Brandao-Burch, A.2    Patel, J.J.3    Hajjawi, M.4    Arnett, T.R.5
  • 19
    • 0036935593 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ATP and UTP at low concentrations strongly inhibit bone formation by osteoblasts: a novel role for the P2Y2 receptor in bone remodeling
    • doi: 10.1002/jcb.10236
    • Hoebertz A, Mahendran S, Burnstock G, Arnett TR, (2002) ATP and UTP at low concentrations strongly inhibit bone formation by osteoblasts: a novel role for the P2Y2 receptor in bone remodeling. J Cell Biochem 86: 413-419. doi:10.1002/jcb.10236. PubMed: 12210747.
    • (2002) J Cell Biochem , vol.86 , pp. 413-419
    • Hoebertz, A.1    Mahendran, S.2    Burnstock, G.3    Arnett, T.R.4
  • 20
    • 34548060932 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extracellular nucleotides block bone mineralization in vitro: evidence for dual inhibitory mechanisms involving both P2Y2 receptors and pyrophosphate
    • doi: 10.1210/en.2007-0066
    • Orriss IR, Utting JC, Brandao-Burch A, Colston K, Grubb BR, et al. (2007) Extracellular nucleotides block bone mineralization in vitro: evidence for dual inhibitory mechanisms involving both P2Y2 receptors and pyrophosphate. Endocrinology 148: 4208-4216. doi:10.1210/en.2007-0066. PubMed: 17569759.
    • (2007) Endocrinology , vol.148 , pp. 4208-4216
    • Orriss, I.R.1    Utting, J.C.2    Brandao-Burch, A.3    Colston, K.4    Grubb, B.R.5
  • 21
    • 84863826379 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The regulation of osteoblast function and bone mineralisation by extracellular nucleotides: The role of P2X receptors
    • doi: 10.1016/j.bone.2012.06.013
    • Orriss IR, Key ML, Brandao-Burch A, Patel JJ, Burnstock G, et al. (2012) The regulation of osteoblast function and bone mineralisation by extracellular nucleotides: The role of P2X receptors. Bone 51: 389-400. doi:10.1016/j.bone.2012.06.013. PubMed: 22749889.
    • (2012) Bone , vol.51 , pp. 389-400
    • Orriss, I.R.1    Key, M.L.2    Brandao-Burch, A.3    Patel, J.J.4    Burnstock, G.5
  • 22
    • 0035930941 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanically induced ATP release from human osteoblastic cells
    • doi: 10.1006/bbrc.2001.6124
    • Romanello M, Pani B, Bicego M, D'Andrea P, (2001) Mechanically induced ATP release from human osteoblastic cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 289: 1275-1281. doi:10.1006/bbrc.2001.6124. PubMed: 11741333.
    • (2001) Biochem Biophys Res Commun , vol.289 , pp. 1275-1281
    • Romanello, M.1    Pani, B.2    Bicego, M.3    D'Andrea, P.4
  • 23
    • 0041709201 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Release and interconversion of P2 receptor agonists by human osteoblast-like cells
    • doi: 10.1096/fj.02-0940com
    • Buckley KA, Golding SL, Rice JM, Dillon JP, Gallagher JA, (2003) Release and interconversion of P2 receptor agonists by human osteoblast-like cells. FASEB J 17: 1401-1410. doi:10.1096/fj.02-0940com. PubMed: 12890693.
    • (2003) FASEB J , vol.17 , pp. 1401-1410
    • Buckley, K.A.1    Golding, S.L.2    Rice, J.M.3    Dillon, J.P.4    Gallagher, J.A.5
  • 24
    • 21644466461 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fluid Shear-Induced ATP Secretion Mediates Prostaglandin Release in MC3T3-E1 Osteoblasts
    • doi: 10.1359/JBMR.041009
    • Genetos DC, Geist DJ, Liu D, Donahue HJ, Duncan RL, (2005) Fluid Shear-Induced ATP Secretion Mediates Prostaglandin Release in MC3T3-E1 Osteoblasts. J Bone Miner Res 20: 41-49. doi:10.1359/JBMR.041009. PubMed: 15619668.
    • (2005) J Bone Miner Res , vol.20 , pp. 41-49
    • Genetos, D.C.1    Geist, D.J.2    Liu, D.3    Donahue, H.J.4    Duncan, R.L.5
  • 25
    • 65549133193 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypoxia stimulates vesicular ATP release from rat osteoblasts
    • doi: 10.1002/jcp.21745
    • Orriss IR, Knight GE, Utting JC, Taylor SE, Burnstock G, et al. (2009) Hypoxia stimulates vesicular ATP release from rat osteoblasts. J Cell Physiol 220: 155-162. doi:10.1002/jcp.21745. PubMed: 19259945.
    • (2009) J Cell Physiol , vol.220 , pp. 155-162
    • Orriss, I.R.1    Knight, G.E.2    Utting, J.C.3    Taylor, S.E.4    Burnstock, G.5
  • 26
    • 84856054091 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Application of multiple forms of mechanical loading to human osteoblasts reveals increased ATP release in response to fluid flow in 3D cultures and differential regulation of immediate early genes
    • doi: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2011.11.036
    • Rumney RM, Sunters A, Reilly GC, Gartland A, (2012) Application of multiple forms of mechanical loading to human osteoblasts reveals increased ATP release in response to fluid flow in 3D cultures and differential regulation of immediate early genes. J Biomech 45: 549-554. doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2011.11.036. PubMed: 22176713.
    • (2012) J Biomech , vol.45 , pp. 549-554
    • Rumney, R.M.1    Sunters, A.2    Reilly, G.C.3    Gartland, A.4
  • 28
    • 34249871139 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oscillating fluid flow activation of gap junction hemichannels induces ATP release from MLO-Y4 osteocytes
    • doi: 10.1002/jcp.21021
    • Genetos DC, Kephart CJ, Zhang Y, Yellowley CE, Donahue HJ, (2007) Oscillating fluid flow activation of gap junction hemichannels induces ATP release from MLO-Y4 osteocytes. J Cell Physiol 212: 207-214. doi:10.1002/jcp.21021. PubMed: 17301958.
    • (2007) J Cell Physiol , vol.212 , pp. 207-214
    • Genetos, D.C.1    Kephart, C.J.2    Zhang, Y.3    Yellowley, C.E.4    Donahue, H.J.5
  • 29
    • 84861529229 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cellular function and molecular structure of ecto-nucleotidases
    • doi: 10.1007/s11302-012-9309-4
    • Zimmermann H, Zebisch M, Sträter N, (2012) Cellular function and molecular structure of ecto-nucleotidases. Purinergic Signal 8: 437-502. doi:10.1007/s11302-012-9309-4. PubMed: 22555564.
    • (2012) Purinergic Signal , vol.8 , pp. 437-502
    • Zimmermann, H.1    Zebisch, M.2    Sträter, N.3
  • 31
    • 0037047051 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase and plasma cell membrane glycoprotein-1 are central antagonistic regulators of bone mineralization
    • doi: 10.1073/pnas.142063399
    • Hessle L, Johnson KA, Anderson HC, Narisawa S, Sali A, et al. (2002) Tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase and plasma cell membrane glycoprotein-1 are central antagonistic regulators of bone mineralization. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 99: 9445-9449. doi:10.1073/pnas.142063399. PubMed: 12082181.
    • (2002) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.99 , pp. 9445-9449
    • Hessle, L.1    Johnson, K.A.2    Anderson, H.C.3    Narisawa, S.4    Sali, A.5
  • 32
    • 84880089436 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extracellular nucleotides regulate the expression and activity of ecto-nucleotidases by osteoblasts
    • Orriss IR, Arnett TR, (2010) Extracellular nucleotides regulate the expression and activity of ecto-nucleotidases by osteoblasts. Bone 46S1:: S55.
    • (2010) Bone , vol.46
    • Orriss, I.R.1    Arnett, T.R.2
  • 33
    • 34548079924 scopus 로고
    • The role of phosphatase and polyphosphates in calcification of collagen
    • 13700175
    • Fleisch H, Neuman W, (1961) The role of phosphatase and polyphosphates in calcification of collagen. Helv Physiol Pharmacol Acta 19: C17-C18. PubMed: 13700175.
    • (1961) Helv Physiol Pharmacol Acta , vol.19
    • Fleisch, H.1    Neuman, W.2
  • 34
    • 0000972524 scopus 로고
    • Mechanism of calcification: inhibitory role of pyrophosphate
    • doi: 10.1038/195911a0
    • Fleisch H, Bisaz S, (1962) Mechanism of calcification: inhibitory role of pyrophosphate. Nature 195: 911. doi:10.1038/195911a0. PubMed: 13893487.
    • (1962) Nature , vol.195 , pp. 911
    • Fleisch, H.1    Bisaz, S.2
  • 35
    • 84555189533 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rat osteoblast cultures
    • doi: 10.1007/978-1-61779-415-5_3
    • Orriss IR, Taylor SE, Arnett TR, (2012) Rat osteoblast cultures. Methods Mol Biol 816: 31-41. doi:10.1007/978-1-61779-415-5_3. PubMed: 22130920.
    • (2012) Methods Mol Biol , vol.816 , pp. 31-41
    • Orriss, I.R.1    Taylor, S.E.2    Arnett, T.R.3
  • 36
    • 27644451343 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acidosis inhibits bone formation by osteoblasts in vitro by preventing mineralization
    • doi: 10.1007/s00223-004-0285-8
    • Brandao-Burch A, Utting JC, Orriss IR, Arnett TR, (2005) Acidosis inhibits bone formation by osteoblasts in vitro by preventing mineralization. Calcif Tissue Int 77: 167-174. doi:10.1007/s00223-004-0285-8. PubMed: 16075362.
    • (2005) Calcif Tissue Int , vol.77 , pp. 167-174
    • Brandao-Burch, A.1    Utting, J.C.2    Orriss, I.R.3    Arnett, T.R.4
  • 37
    • 0001281157 scopus 로고
    • Studies on polynucleotides. III. Enzymic degradation; substrate specificity and properties of snake venom phosphodiesterase
    • 13673021
    • Razzell WE, Khorana HG, (1959) Studies on polynucleotides. III. Enzymic degradation; substrate specificity and properties of snake venom phosphodiesterase. J Biol Chem 234: 2105-2113. PubMed: 13673021.
    • (1959) J Biol Chem , vol.234 , pp. 2105-2113
    • Razzell, W.E.1    Khorana, H.G.2
  • 38
    • 0026793195 scopus 로고
    • Quantitation of adipose conversion and triglycerides by staining intracytoplasmic lipids with Oil red O
    • doi: 10.1007/BF00316069
    • Ramírez-Zacarías JL, Castro-Muñozledo F, Kuri-Harcuch W, (1992) Quantitation of adipose conversion and triglycerides by staining intracytoplasmic lipids with Oil red O. Histochemistry 97: 493-497. doi:10.1007/BF00316069. PubMed: 1385366.
    • (1992) Histochemistry , vol.97 , pp. 493-497
    • Ramírez-Zacarías, J.L.1    Castro-Muñozledo, F.2    Kuri-Harcuch, W.3
  • 39
    • 17344392308 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A new mathematical model for relative quantification in real-time RT-PCR
    • doi: 10.1093/nar/29.9.e45
    • Pfaffl MW, (2001) A new mathematical model for relative quantification in real-time RT-PCR. Nucleic Acids Res 29: e45. doi:10.1093/nar/29.9.e45. PubMed: 11328886.
    • (2001) Nucleic Acids Res , vol.29
    • Pfaffl, M.W.1
  • 40
    • 34248576759 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physiology and pathophysiology of purinergic neurotransmission
    • doi: 10.1152/physrev.00043.2006
    • Burnstock G, (2007) Physiology and pathophysiology of purinergic neurotransmission. Physiol Rev 87: 659-797. doi:10.1152/physrev.00043.2006. PubMed: 17429044.
    • (2007) Physiol Rev , vol.87 , pp. 659-797
    • Burnstock, G.1
  • 41
    • 34447538396 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pyrophosphate inhibits mineralization of osteoblast cultures by binding to mineral, up-regulating osteopontin, and inhibiting alkaline phosphatase activity
    • doi: 10.1074/jbc.M701116200
    • Addison WN, Azari F, Sørensen ES, Kaartinen MT, Mckee MD, (2007) Pyrophosphate inhibits mineralization of osteoblast cultures by binding to mineral, up-regulating osteopontin, and inhibiting alkaline phosphatase activity. J Biol Chem 282: 15872-15883. doi:10.1074/jbc.M701116200. PubMed: 17383965.
    • (2007) J Biol Chem , vol.282 , pp. 15872-15883
    • Addison, W.N.1    Azari, F.2    Sørensen, E.S.3    Kaartinen, M.T.4    McKee, M.D.5
  • 42
    • 0028181854 scopus 로고
    • 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 stimulates adipocyte differentiation in cultures of fetal rat calvaria cells: comparison with the effects of dexamethasone
    • doi: 10.1210/en.134.5.2221
    • Bellows CG, Wang YH, Heersche JN, Aubin JE, (1994) 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 stimulates adipocyte differentiation in cultures of fetal rat calvaria cells: comparison with the effects of dexamethasone. Endocrinology 134: 2221-2229. doi:10.1210/en.134.5.2221. PubMed: 8156925.
    • (1994) Endocrinology , vol.134 , pp. 2221-2229
    • Bellows, C.G.1    Wang, Y.H.2    Heersche, J.N.3    Aubin, J.E.4
  • 43
    • 84874374156 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An emerging role for adenosine and its receptors in bone homeostasis
    • 23024635
    • Ham J, Evans BA, (2012) An emerging role for adenosine and its receptors in bone homeostasis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 3: 113. PubMed: 23024635.
    • (2012) Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) , vol.3 , pp. 113
    • Ham, J.1    Evans, B.A.2
  • 44
    • 0030044335 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ATP and adenosine act as a mitogen for osteoblast-like cells (MC3T3-E1)
    • doi: 10.1007/BF02529732
    • Shimegi S, (1996) ATP and adenosine act as a mitogen for osteoblast-like cells (MC3T3-E1). Calcif Tissue Int 58: 109-113. doi:10.1007/BF02529732. PubMed: 8998680.
    • (1996) Calcif Tissue Int , vol.58 , pp. 109-113
    • Shimegi, S.1
  • 45
    • 33144490116 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human osteoblast precursors produce extracellular adenosine, which modulates their secretion of IL-6 and osteoprotegerin
    • 16418778
    • Evans BA, Elford C, Pexa A, Francis K, Hughes AC, et al. (2006) Human osteoblast precursors produce extracellular adenosine, which modulates their secretion of IL-6 and osteoprotegerin. J Bone Miner Res 21: 228-236. PubMed: 16418778.
    • (2006) J Bone Miner Res , vol.21 , pp. 228-236
    • Evans, B.A.1    Elford, C.2    Pexa, A.3    Francis, K.4    Hughes, A.C.5


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.