메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 8, Issue 7, 2013, Pages 661-674

Vaccines and therapeutics for the encephalitic alphaviruses

Author keywords

alphaviruses; antibodies; antivirals; eastern equine encephalitis; immune modulators; vaccines; Venezuelan equine encephalitis; western equine encephalitis

Indexed keywords

ANTISENSE OLIGONUCLEOTIDE; BETA INTERFERON; CONSENSUS INTERFERON; DELTA INTERFERON; DNA VACCINE; EPSILON INTERFERON; GAMMA INTERFERON; GLYCOPROTEIN E1; INTERFERON; INTERLEUKIN 28A; INTERLEUKIN 28B; INTERLEUKIN 29; KAPPA INTERFERON; MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY; PEGINTERFERON ALPHA; RINTATOLIMOD; SMALL INTERFERING RNA; THETA INTERFERON; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; VIRUS PROTEIN; VIRUS VACCINE;

EID: 84879754914     PISSN: 17460794     EISSN: 17460808     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2217/fvl.13.42     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (10)

References (104)
  • 1
    • 0037282175 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Viruses of the Bunya-and Togaviridae families: Potential as bioterrorism agents and means of control
    • Sidwell RW, Smee DF. Viruses of the Bunya-and Togaviridae families: potential as bioterrorism agents and means of control. Antiviral Res. 57, 101-111 (2003).
    • (2003) Antiviral Res , vol.57 , pp. 101-111
    • Sidwell, R.W.1    Smee, D.F.2
  • 2
    • 0027976963 scopus 로고
    • Medically important arboviruses of the United States and Canada
    • Calisher CH. Medically important arboviruses of the United States and Canada. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 7, 89-116 (1994).
    • (1994) Clin. Microbiol. Rev. , vol.7 , pp. 89-116
    • Calisher, C.H.1
  • 3
    • 0028088152 scopus 로고
    • The alphaviruses: Gene expression, replication, and evolution
    • Strauss JH, Strauss EG. The alphaviruses: gene expression, replication, and evolution. Microbiol. Rev. 58, 491-562 (1994).
    • (1994) Microbiol. Rev. , vol.58 , pp. 491-562
    • Strauss, J.H.1    Strauss, E.G.2
  • 5
    • 50649097269 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Togaviridae: The viruses and their replication
    • Knipe DM, Howley PM (Eds)., Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, NY, USA
    • Kuhn RJ. Togaviridae: the viruses and their replication, In: Fields Virology (5th Edition). Knipe DM, Howley PM (Eds). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, NY, USA, 1001-1022 (2007).
    • (2007) Fields Virology (5th Edition) , pp. 1001-1022
    • Kuhn, R.J.1
  • 6
    • 0001552353 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alphaviruses
    • Knipe DM, Howley PM (Eds)., Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, NY, USA
    • Griffin DE. Alphaviruses. In: Fields Virology (5th Edition). Knipe DM, Howley PM (Eds). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, NY, USA, 1023-1067 (2007).
    • (2007) Fields Virology (5th Edition) , pp. 1023-1067
    • Griffin, D.E.1
  • 7
    • 0008810181 scopus 로고
    • An epizootic of equine encephalomyelitis that occurred in Massachusetts in 1831
    • Hanson RP. An epizootic of equine encephalomyelitis that occurred in Massachusetts in 1831. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 6, 858-862 (1957).
    • (1957) Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. , vol.6 , pp. 858-862
    • Hanson, R.P.1
  • 8
    • 73949156664 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Encephalitic alphaviruses
    • Zacks MA, Paessler S. Encephalitic alphaviruses. Vet. Microbiol. 140, 281-286 (2010).
    • (2010) Vet. Microbiol. , vol.140 , pp. 281-286
    • Zacks, M.A.1    Paessler, S.2
  • 10
    • 0001770509 scopus 로고
    • Western Equine Encephalomyelitis
    • (Volume V). Monath TP (Ed.). CRC Press, FL, USA
    • Reisen WK, Monath TP. Western equine encephalomyelitis. In: The Arboviruses: Epidemiology and Ecology (Volume V). Monath TP (Ed.). CRC Press, FL, USA, 89-137 (1988).
    • (1988) The Arboviruses: Epidemiology and Ecology , pp. 89-137
    • Reisen, W.K.1    Monath, T.P.2
  • 13
    • 25444490035 scopus 로고
    • Laboratory worker
    • laboratory worker. JAMA 113, 206-207 (1939).
    • (1939) JAMA , vol.113 , pp. 206-207
  • 14
    • 16944366857 scopus 로고
    • Epidemic Venezuelan equine encephalitis in La Guajira
    • Columbia
    • Rivas F, Diaz LA, Cardenas VM et al. Epidemic Venezuelan equine encephalitis in La Guajira, Columbia, 1995. J. Infect. Dis. 175, 828-832 (1997).
    • (1995) J. Infect. Dis. , vol.175 , pp. 828-832
    • Rivas, F.1    Diaz, L.A.2    Cardenas, V.M.3
  • 15
    • 0013405115 scopus 로고
    • Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis in man
    • Casals J, Curnen EC, Thomas L. Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis in man. J. Exp. Med. 77, 521-530 (1943).
    • (1943) J. Exp. Med. , vol.77 , pp. 521-530
    • Casals, J.1    Curnen, E.C.2    Thomas, L.3
  • 16
    • 0001503752 scopus 로고
    • Human infection with Venezuelan equine encephalomyelolitis virus: A report on eight cases of infection acquired in the laboratory
    • Lennette EH, Koprowski H. Human infection with Venezuelan equine encephalomyelolitis virus: a report on eight cases of infection acquired in the laboratory. JAMA 13, 1088-1095 (1943).
    • (1943) JAMA , vol.13 , pp. 1088-1095
    • Lennette, E.H.1    Koprowski, H.2
  • 17
    • 9044224407 scopus 로고
    • Human laboratory infection with Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus
    • Koprowski H, Cox HR. Human laboratory infection with Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus. N. Engl. J. Med. 236, 647-654 (1947).
    • (1947) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.236 , pp. 647-654
    • Koprowski, H.1    Cox, H.R.2
  • 18
    • 0017134286 scopus 로고
    • Interferon induction and sensitivity as correlates to virulence of Venezuelan equine encephalitis viruses for hamsters
    • Jarling PB, Navarro E, Scherer WF. Interferon induction and sensitivity as correlates to virulence of Venezuelan equine encephalitis viruses for hamsters. Arch. Virol. 51, 23-35 (1976).
    • (1976) Arch. Virol. , vol.51 , pp. 23-35
    • Jarling, P.B.1    Navarro, E.2    Scherer, W.F.3
  • 19
    • 0033093689 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resistance of interleukin 1b deficient mice to fatal Sindbis virus encephalitis
    • Liang XH, Goldman JE, Jiang HH et al. Resistance of interleukin 1b deficient mice to fatal Sindbis virus encephalitis. J. Virol. 73, 2563-2567 (1999).
    • (1999) J. Virol. , vol.73 , pp. 2563-2567
    • Liang, X.H.1    Goldman, J.E.2    Jiang, H.H.3
  • 20
    • 0017339299 scopus 로고
    • Role of the immune response in recovery from Sindbis virus encephalitis in mice
    • Griffin DE, Johnson RT. Role of the immune response in recovery from Sindbis virus encephalitis in mice. J. Immunol. 118, 1070-1075 (1977).
    • (1977) J. Immunol. , vol.118 , pp. 1070-1075
    • Griffin, D.E.1    Johnson, R.T.2
  • 21
    • 0030711542 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of antibody in recovery from alphavirus encephalitis
    • Griffin D, Levine B, Tyor W et al. The role of antibody in recovery from alphavirus encephalitis. Immunol. Rev. 159, 155-161 (1997).
    • (1997) Immunol. Rev. , vol.159 , pp. 155-161
    • Griffin, D.1    Levine, B.2    Tyor, W.3
  • 22
    • 77950850761 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • T cells facilitate recovery from Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus-induced encephalitis in the absence of antibody
    • Brookes CB, Deming DJ, Whitmore AC et al.
    • Brookes CB, Deming DJ, Whitmore AC et al. T cells facilitate recovery from Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus-induced encephalitis in the absence of antibody. J. Virol. 84, 4556-4568 (2010).
    • J. Virol. , vol.84 , Issue.4556-4568 , pp. 2010
  • 23
    • 0036274001 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role for mucosal immune responses and cell-mediated immune functions in protection from airborne challenge with Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus
    • Elvin SJ, Bennett AM, Phillpotts RJ. Role for mucosal immune responses and cell-mediated immune functions in protection from airborne challenge with Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus. J. Med. Virol. 67, 384-393 (2002).
    • (2002) J. Med. Virol. , vol.67 , pp. 384-393
    • Elvin, S.J.1    Bennett, A.M.2    Phillpotts, R.J.3
  • 24
    • 7044231869 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New concepts in antibody-mediated immunity
    • Casadevall A, Pirofski LA. New concepts in antibody-mediated immunity. Infect. Immunol. 72, 6191-6196 (2004).
    • (2004) Infect. Immunol. , vol.72 , pp. 6191-6196
    • Casadevall, A.1    Pirofski, L.A.2
  • 25
    • 0029731813 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fc receptors and their interactions with immunoglobulins
    • Raghavan M, Bjorkman PJ. Fc receptors and their interactions with immunoglobulins. Ann. Rev. Cell Dev. Biol. 12, 181-220 (1996).
    • (1996) Ann. Rev. Cell Dev. Biol. , vol.12 , pp. 181-220
    • Raghavan, M.1    Bjorkman, P.J.2
  • 26
    • 1542572660 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pathogen-specific recombinant human polyclonal antibodies: Biodefence applications
    • Bregenholt S, Haurum J. Pathogen-specific recombinant human polyclonal antibodies: biodefence applications. Expert Opin. Biol. Ther. 4, 387-396 (2004).
    • (2004) Expert Opin. Biol. Ther. , vol.4 , pp. 387-396
    • Bregenholt, S.1    Haurum, J.2
  • 27
    • 27144497271 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The potential of antibody-mediated immunity in the defence against biological weapons
    • Casadevall A, Pirofski LA. The potential of antibody-mediated immunity in the defence against biological weapons. Expert Opin. Biol. Ther. 5, 1359-1372 (2005).
    • (2005) Expert Opin. Biol. Ther. , vol.5 , pp. 1359-1372
    • Casadevall, A.1    Pirofski, L.A.2
  • 28
    • 84894888275 scopus 로고
    • Quantitative studies on prophylactic effectiveness of western equine encephalitis antiserum in mice
    • Sabin AB. Quantitative studies on prophylactic effectiveness of western equine encephalitis antiserum in mice. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 78, 655-658 (1951).
    • (1951) Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. , vol.78 , pp. 655-658
    • Sabin, A.B.1
  • 29
    • 0013881520 scopus 로고
    • Difference in mechanism of viral neutralization under in vitro and in vivo conditions
    • Cremer NE, Lennette EH, Hagens SJ, Fujimoto FY. Difference in mechanism of viral neutralization under in vitro and in vivo conditions. J. Immunol. 96, 284-288 (1966).
    • (1966) J. Immunol. , vol.96 , pp. 284-288
    • Cremer, N.E.1    Lennette, E.H.2    Hagens, S.J.3    Fujimoto, F.Y.4
  • 30
    • 0015619547 scopus 로고
    • Host defenses during primary Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus infection in mice. I. Passive transfer of protection with immune serum and immune cells
    • Rabinowitz SG, Adler WH. Host defenses during primary Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus infection in mice. I. Passive transfer of protection with immune serum and immune cells. J. Immunol. 110, 1345-1353 (1973).
    • (1973) J. Immunol. , vol.110 , pp. 1345-1353
    • Rabinowitz, S.G.1    Adler, W.H.2
  • 31
    • 0016792547 scopus 로고
    • An attenuated variant of eastern encephalitis virus: Biological properties and protection induced in mice
    • Brown A, Officer JE. An attenuated variant of eastern encephalitis virus: biological properties and protection induced in mice. Arch. Virol. 47, 123-138 (1975).
    • (1975) Arch. Virol. , vol.47 , pp. 123-138
    • Brown, A.1    Officer, J.E.2
  • 32
    • 0033793926 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Passive immunity in prevention and treatment of infectious diseases
    • Keller MA, Stiehm ER. Passive immunity in prevention and treatment of infectious diseases. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 13, 602-614 (2000).
    • (2000) Clin. Microbiol. Rev. , vol.13 , pp. 602-614
    • Keller, M.A.1    Stiehm, E.R.2
  • 33
    • 0020421640 scopus 로고
    • Determination of the protective epitopes on the glycoprotein of Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus by passive transfer of monoclonal antibodies
    • Mathews JH, Roehrig JT. Determination of the protective epitopes on the glycoprotein of Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus by passive transfer of monoclonal antibodies. J. Immunol. 129, 2763-2767 (1982).
    • (1982) J. Immunol. , vol.129 , pp. 2763-2767
    • Mathews, J.H.1    Roehrig, J.T.2
  • 34
    • 0022283244 scopus 로고
    • The neutralization site on the E2 glycoprotein of Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis (TC-83) virus is composed of multiple conformationally stable epitopes
    • Roehrig JT, Mathews JH. The neutralization site on the E2 glycoprotein of Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis (TC-83) virus is composed of multiple conformationally stable epitopes. Virology 142, 347-356 (1985).
    • (1985) Virology , vol.142 , pp. 347-356
    • Roehrig, J.T.1    Mathews, J.H.2
  • 36
    • 0037154855 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monoclonal antibody protects mice against infection and disease when given either before or up to 24 h after airborne challenge with virulent Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus
    • Phillpotts RJ, Jones LD, Howard SC. Monoclonal antibody protects mice against infection and disease when given either before or up to 24 h after airborne challenge with virulent Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus. Vaccine 20, 1497-1504 (2002).
    • (2002) Vaccine , vol.20 , pp. 1497-1504
    • Phillpotts, R.J.1    Jones, L.D.2    Howard, S.C.3
  • 37
    • 0020064191 scopus 로고
    • Antigenic analysis of the surface glycoproteins of a Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus (TC-83) using monoclonal antibodies
    • Roehrig JT, Day JW, Kinney RM. Antigenic analysis of the surface glycoproteins of a Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus (TC-83) using monoclonal antibodies. Virology 118, 269-278 (1982).
    • (1982) Virology , vol.118 , pp. 269-278
    • Roehrig, J.T.1    Day, J.W.2    Kinney, R.M.3
  • 38
    • 77957923201 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The first human epitope map of the alphaviral E1 and E2 proteins reveals a new E2 epitope with significant virus neutralizing activity
    • Hunt AR, Frederickson S, Maruyama T, Roehrig JT, Blair CD. The first human epitope map of the alphaviral E1 and E2 proteins reveals a new E2 epitope with significant virus neutralizing activity. PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. 4, e739 (2010).
    • (2010) PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. , vol.4
    • Hunt, A.R.1    Frederickson, S.2    Maruyama, T.3    Roehrig, J.T.4    Blair, C.D.5
  • 39
    • 0020472347 scopus 로고
    • Non-neutralizing monoclonal antibodies can prevent lethal alphavirus encephalitis
    • Schmaljohn AL, Johnson ED, Dalrymple JM, Cole GA. Non-neutralizing monoclonal antibodies can prevent lethal alphavirus encephalitis. Nature 297, 70-72 (1982).
    • (1982) Nature , vol.297 , pp. 70-72
    • Schmaljohn, A.L.1    Johnson, E.D.2    Dalrymple, J.M.3    Cole, G.A.4
  • 40
    • 33747015784 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus complex-specific monoclonal antibody provides broad protection, in murine models, against airborne challenge with viruses from serogroups I, II and III
    • Phillpotts RJ. Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus complex-specific monoclonal antibody provides broad protection, in murine models, against airborne challenge with viruses from serogroups I, II and III. Virus Res. 120, 107-112 (2006).
    • (2006) Virus Res. , vol.120 , pp. 107-112
    • Phillpotts, R.J.1
  • 41
    • 84872752809 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Isolation and characterisation of a human-like antibody fragment (scFv) that inactivates VEEV in vitro and in vivo
    • Rulker T, Voss L, Thullier P et al. Isolation and characterisation of a human-like antibody fragment (scFv) that inactivates VEEV in vitro and in vivo. PLoS ONE 7, e37242 (2012).
    • (2012) PLoS ONE , vol.7
    • Rulker, T.1    Voss, L.2    Thullier, P.3
  • 42
    • 78649404031 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antibody to the E3 glycoprotein protects mice against lethal Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus infection
    • Parker MD, Buckley MJ, Melanson VR, Glass PJ, Norwood D, Hart MK. Antibody to the E3 glycoprotein protects mice against lethal Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus infection. J. Virol. 84, 12683-12690 (2010).
    • (2010) J. Virol. , vol.84 , pp. 12683-12690
    • Parker, M.D.1    Buckley, M.J.2    Melanson, V.R.3    Glass, P.J.4    Norwood, D.5    Hart, M.K.6
  • 43
    • 15944365883 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Review of Human Anti-globulin Antibody (HAGA, HAMA, HACA, HAHA) Responses to Monoclonal Antibodies. Not Four Letter Words
    • Mirick GR, Bradt BM, Denardo SJ, Denardo GL. A review of human anti-globulin antibody (HAGA, HAMA, HACA, HAHA) responses to monoclonal antibodies. Not four letter words. Q. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging 48, 251-257 (2004).
    • (2004) Q. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging , vol.48 , pp. 251-257
    • Mirick, G.R.1    Bradt, B.M.2    Denardo, S.J.3    Denardo, G.L.4
  • 44
    • 0026356266 scopus 로고
    • Humanization of monoclonal antibodies
    • Gussow D, Seemann G. Humanization of monoclonal antibodies. Methods Enzymol. 203, 99-121 (1991).
    • (1991) Methods Enzymol , vol.203 , pp. 99-121
    • Gussow, D.1    Seemann, G.2
  • 45
    • 33747354579 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Humanized Murine Monoclonal Antibody Protects Mice Either before or after Challenge with Virulent Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus
    • Hunt AR, Frederickson S, Hinkel C et al. A humanized murine monoclonal antibody protects mice either before or after challenge with virulent Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus. J. Gen. Virol. 87, 2467-2476 (2006).
    • (2006) J. Gen. Virol. , vol.87 , pp. 2467-2476
    • Hunt, A.R.1    Frederickson, S.2    Hinkel, C.3
  • 46
    • 33947719377 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Humanization and mammalian expression of a murine monoclonal antibody against Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus
    • Hu WG, Chau D, Wu J, Jager S, Nagata LP. Humanization and mammalian expression of a murine monoclonal antibody against Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus. Vaccine 25, 3210-3214 (2007).
    • (2007) Vaccine , vol.25 , pp. 3210-3214
    • Hu, W.G.1    Chau, D.2    Wu, J.3    Jager, S.4    Nagata, L.P.5
  • 47
    • 77955056640 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody completely protects mice against lethal challenge with Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus
    • Hu WG, Phelps AL, Jager S et al. A recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody completely protects mice against lethal challenge with Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus. Vaccine 28, 5558-5564 (2010).
    • (2010) Vaccine , vol.28 , pp. 5558-5564
    • Hu, W.G.1    Phelps, A.L.2    Jager, S.3
  • 48
    • 79953676838 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A humanised murine monoclonal antibody with broad serogroup specificity protects mice from challenge with Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus
    • Goodchild SA, O'Brien LM, Steven J et al. A humanised murine monoclonal antibody with broad serogroup specificity protects mice from challenge with Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus. Antiviral Res. 90, 1-8 (2011).
    • (2011) Antiviral Res. , vol.90 , pp. 1-8
    • Goodchild, S.A.1    O'Brien, L.M.2    Steven, J.3
  • 49
    • 84857791634 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A humanised murine monoclonal antibody protects mice from Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus, Everglades virus and Mucambo virus when administered up to 48 h after airborne challenge
    • O'Brien LM, Goodchild SA, Phillpotts RJ, Perkins SD. A humanised murine monoclonal antibody protects mice from Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus, Everglades virus and Mucambo virus when administered up to 48 h after airborne challenge. Virology 426, 100-105 (2012).
    • (2012) Virology , vol.426 , pp. 100-105
    • O'Brien, L.M.1    Goodchild, S.A.2    Phillpotts, R.J.3    Perkins, S.D.4
  • 50
    • 80055010633 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of the blood-brain barrier during Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus infection
    • Schafer A, Brooke CB, Whitmore AC, Johnston RE. The role of the blood-brain barrier during Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus infection. J. Virol. 85, 10682-10690 (2011).
    • (2011) J. Virol. , vol.85 , pp. 10682-10690
    • Schafer, A.1    Brooke, C.B.2    Whitmore, A.C.3    Johnston, R.E.4
  • 51
    • 79955927334 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of mice with human monoclonal antibody 24h after lethal aerosol challenge with virulent Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus prevents disease but not infection
    • Hunt AR, Bowen RA, Frederickson S, Maruyama T, Roehrig JT, Blair CD. Treatment of mice with human monoclonal antibody 24h after lethal aerosol challenge with virulent Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus prevents disease but not infection. Virology 414, 146-152 (2011).
    • (2011) Virology , vol.414 , pp. 146-152
    • Hunt, A.R.1    Bowen, R.A.2    Frederickson, S.3    Maruyama, T.4    Roehrig, J.T.5    Blair, C.D.6
  • 53
    • 46249115827 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interferon-inducible antiviral effectors
    • Sadler AJ, Williams RG. Interferon-inducible antiviral effectors. Nat. Rev. Immunol. 8, 559-568 (2008).
    • (2008) Nat. Rev. Immunol. , vol.8 , pp. 559-568
    • Sadler, A.J.1    Williams, R.G.2
  • 54
    • 36749069393 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interferons at age 50: Past, current and future impact on biomedicine
    • Borden EC, Sen GC, Uze G et al. Interferons at age 50: past, current and future impact on biomedicine. Nat. Rev. Drug Discov. 6, 975-990 (2007).
    • (2007) Nat. Rev. Drug Discov. , vol.6 , pp. 975-990
    • Borden, E.C.1    Sen, G.C.2    Uze, G.3
  • 55
    • 0034023856 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pegylated a interferon is an effective treatment for virulent Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus and has a profound effect on the host immune response to infection
    • Lukaszewski RA, Brooks TJ. Pegylated a interferon is an effective treatment for virulent Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus and has a profound effect on the host immune response to infection. J. Virol. 74, 5006-5015 (2000).
    • (2000) J. Virol. , vol.74 , pp. 5006-5015
    • Lukaszewski, R.A.1    Brooks, T.J.2
  • 56
    • 33947580584 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of exogenous interferon and an interferon inducer on western equine encephalitis virus disease in a hamster model
    • Julander JG, Siddharthan V, Blatt LM, Schafer K, Sidwell RW, Morey JD. Effect of exogenous interferon and an interferon inducer on western equine encephalitis virus disease in a hamster model. Virology 360, 454-460 (2007).
    • (2007) Virology , vol.360 , pp. 454-460
    • Julander, J.G.1    Siddharthan, V.2    Blatt, L.M.3    Schafer, K.4    Sidwell, R.W.5    Morey, J.D.6
  • 57
    • 35748957479 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pre- and post-exposure protection against western equine encephalitis virus after single inoculation with adenovirus vector expressing interferon alpha
    • Wu JQ, Barabe ND, Huang YM et al. Pre- and post-exposure protection against western equine encephalitis virus after single inoculation with adenovirus vector expressing interferon alpha. Virology 369, 206-213 (2007).
    • (2007) Virology , vol.369 , pp. 206-213
    • Wu, J.Q.1    Barabe, N.D.2    Huang, Y.M.3
  • 58
    • 65549096747 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alpha interferon as an adenovirus-vectored vaccine adjuvant and antiviral in Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus infection
    • O'Brien L, Perkins S, Williams A et al. Alpha interferon as an adenovirus-vectored vaccine adjuvant and antiviral in Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus infection. J. Gen. Virol. 90(4), 874-882 (2009).
    • (2009) J. Gen. Virol. , vol.90 , Issue.4 , pp. 874-882
    • O'Brien, L.1    Perkins, S.2    Williams, A.3
  • 59
    • 82955201589 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Involvement of activation of PKR in HBx-siRNA-mediated innate immune effects on HBV inhibition
    • Han Q, Zhang C, Zhang J, Tian Z. Involvement of activation of PKR in HBx-siRNA-mediated innate immune effects on HBV inhibition. PLoS ONE 6(12), e27931 (2011).
    • (2011) PLoS ONE , vol.6 , Issue.12
    • Han, Q.1    Zhang, C.2    Zhang, J.3    Tian, Z.4
  • 60
    • 44649132597 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of alphavirus infection in cell culture and in mice with antisense morpholino oligomers
    • Paessler S, Rijinbrand R, Stein DA et al. Inhibition of alphavirus infection in cell culture and in mice with antisense morpholino oligomers. Virology 376, 357-370 (2008).
    • (2008) Virology , vol.376 , pp. 357-370
    • Paessler, S.1    Rijinbrand, R.2    Stein, D.A.3
  • 62
    • 34247263774 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of multiple strains of Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus by a pool of four short interfering RNAs
    • O'Brien L. Inhibition of multiple strains of Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus by a pool of four short interfering RNAs. Antiviral Res. 75, 20-25 (2007).
    • (2007) Antiviral Res , vol.75 , pp. 20-25
    • O'Brien, L.1
  • 63
    • 77954954743 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment with cationic liposome-DNA complexes (CLDCs) protects mice from lethal western equine encephalitis virus (WEEV) challenge
    • Logue CH, Phillips AT, Mossel EC et al. Treatment with cationic liposome-DNA complexes (CLDCs) protects mice from lethal western equine encephalitis virus (WEEV) challenge. Antiviral Res. 87, 195-203 (2010).
    • (2010) Antiviral Res , vol.87 , pp. 195-203
    • Logue, C.H.1    Phillips, A.T.2    Mossel, E.C.3
  • 64
    • 53549090456 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Broad-spectrum drugs against viral agents
    • Wong JP, Christopher ME. Broad-spectrum drugs against viral agents. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 9, 1561-1594 (2008).
    • (2008) Int. J. Mol. Sci. , vol.9 , pp. 1561-1594
    • Wong, J.P.1    Christopher, M.E.2
  • 65
    • 0018411888 scopus 로고
    • Protective and toxic effects of a nuclease-resistant derivative of polyriboinosinic- polyribocytidylic acid on Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus in rhesus monkeys
    • Stephen EL, Hilmas DE, Levy HB et al. Protective and toxic effects of a nuclease-resistant derivative of polyriboinosinic- polyribocytidylic acid on Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus in rhesus monkeys. J. Infect. Dis. 139, 267-272 (1979).
    • (1979) J. Infect. Dis. , vol.139 , pp. 267-272
    • Stephen, E.L.1    De, H.2    Levy, H.B.3
  • 66
    • 14844290876 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prophylaxis of acute respiratory virus infections using nucleic acid-based drugs
    • Wong JP, Nagata LP, Christopher ME et al. Prophylaxis of acute respiratory virus infections using nucleic acid-based drugs. Vaccine 23, 2266-2268 (2005).
    • (2005) Vaccine , vol.23 , pp. 2266-2268
    • Wong, J.P.1    Nagata, L.P.2    Christopher, M.E.3
  • 67
    • 0018052885 scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of trivalent inactivated encephalomyelitis virus vaccine in horses
    • Barber TL, Walton TE, Lewis KJ. Efficacy of trivalent inactivated encephalomyelitis virus vaccine in horses. Am. J. Vet. Res. 39, 621-625 (1978).
    • (1978) Am. J. Vet. Res. , vol.39 , pp. 621-625
    • Barber, T.L.1    Walton, T.E.2    Lewis, K.J.3
  • 68
    • 0029960102 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term duration of detectable neutralizing antibodies after administration of live-attenuated VEE vaccine and following booster vaccination with inactivated VEE vaccine
    • Pittman PR, Makuch RS, Mangiafico JA, Cannon TL, Gibbs PH, Peters CJ. Long-term duration of detectable neutralizing antibodies after administration of live-attenuated VEE vaccine and following booster vaccination with inactivated VEE vaccine. Vaccine 14(4), 337-343 (1996).
    • (1996) Vaccine , vol.14 , Issue.4 , pp. 337-343
    • Pittman, P.R.1    Makuch, R.S.2    Mangiafico, J.A.3    Cannon, T.L.4    Gibbs, P.H.5    Peters, C.J.6
  • 69
    • 17444398954 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • History of U.S. military contributions to the study of viral encephalitis
    • Hoke CH Jr. History of U.S. military contributions to the study of viral encephalitis. Mil. Med. 170, 92-105 (2005).
    • (2005) Mil. Med. , vol.170 , pp. 92-105
    • Hoke Jr., C.H.1
  • 70
    • 77958168896 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vaccines for Venezuelan equine encephalitis
    • Paessler S, Weaver SC. Vaccines for Venezuelan equine encephalitis. Vaccine 27(Suppl. 4), D80-D85 (2009).
    • (2009) Vaccine , vol.27 , Issue.SUPPL. 4
    • Paessler, S.1    Weaver, S.C.2
  • 71
    • 85051259169 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vaccine development for biothreat alphaviruses
    • Spurgers KB, Glass PJ. Vaccine development for biothreat alphaviruses. J. Bioterr. Biodef. S1, 001 (2011).
    • J. Bioterr. Biodef. , vol.S1 , Issue.1 , pp. 2011
    • Spurgers, K.B.1    Glass, P.J.2
  • 72
    • 0028791857 scopus 로고
    • Attenuated mutants of Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus containing lethal mutations in the PE2 cleavage signal combined with a second-site suppressor mutation in E1
    • Davis NL, Brown KW, Greenwald GF et al. Attenuated mutants of Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus containing lethal mutations in the PE2 cleavage signal combined with a second-site suppressor mutation in E1. Virology 212, 102-110 (1995).
    • (1995) Virology , vol.212 , pp. 102-110
    • Davis, N.L.1    Brown, K.W.2    Greenwald, G.F.3
  • 73
    • 0242365651 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetically engineered, live attenuated vaccines for Venezuelan equine encephalitis: Testing in animal models
    • Pratt WD, Davis NL, Johnston RE, Smith JF. Genetically engineered, live attenuated vaccines for Venezuelan equine encephalitis: testing in animal models. Vaccine 21, 3854-3862 (2003).
    • (2003) Vaccine , vol.21 , pp. 3854-3862
    • Pratt, W.D.1    Davis, N.L.2    Johnston, R.E.3    Smith, J.F.4
  • 74
    • 33846633361 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus vaccine candidate (V3526) safety, immunogenicity and efficacy in horses
    • Fine DL, Roberts BA, Teehee ML et al. Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus vaccine candidate (V3526) safety, immunogenicity and efficacy in horses. Vaccine 25, 1868-1876 (2007).
    • (2007) Vaccine , vol.25 , pp. 1868-1876
    • Fine, D.L.1    Roberts, B.A.2    Teehee, M.L.3
  • 75
    • 17044362650 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetically engineered, live, attenuated vaccines protect nonhuman primates against aerosol challenge with a virulent IE strain of Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus
    • Reed DS, Lind CM, Lackemeyer MG et al. Genetically engineered, live, attenuated vaccines protect nonhuman primates against aerosol challenge with a virulent IE strain of Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus. Vaccine 23, 3139-3147 (2005).
    • (2005) Vaccine , vol.23 , pp. 3139-3147
    • Reed, D.S.1    Lind, C.M.2    Lackemeyer, M.G.3
  • 76
    • 0034976388 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative neurovirulence of attenuated and non-attenuated strains of Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus in mice
    • Ludwig GV, Turell MJ, Vogel P et al. Comparative neurovirulence of attenuated and non-attenuated strains of Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus in mice. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 64, 49-55 (2001).
    • (2001) Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. , vol.64 , pp. 49-55
    • Ludwig, G.V.1    Turell, M.J.2    Vogel, P.3
  • 77
    • 44749083368 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurovirulence evaluation of Venezuelan equine encephalitis (VEE) vaccine candidate V3526 in nonhuman primates
    • Fine DL, Roberts BA, Terpening SJ, Mott J, Vasconcelos D, House RV. Neurovirulence evaluation of Venezuelan equine encephalitis (VEE) vaccine candidate V3526 in nonhuman primates. Vaccine 26, 3497-3506 (2008).
    • (2008) Vaccine , vol.26 , pp. 3497-3506
    • Fine, D.L.1    Roberts, B.A.2    Terpening, S.J.3    Mott, J.4    Vasconcelos, D.5    House, R.V.6
  • 78
    • 70350566074 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Telemetric analysis to detect febrile responses in mice following vaccination with a live-attenuated virus vaccine
    • Martin SS, Bakken RR, Lind CM et al. Telemetric analysis to detect febrile responses in mice following vaccination with a live-attenuated virus vaccine. Vaccine 27, 6814-6823 (2009).
    • (2009) Vaccine , vol.27 , pp. 6814-6823
    • Martin, S.S.1    Bakken, R.R.2    Lind, C.M.3
  • 79
    • 77949652631 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of formalin inactivated V3526 virus with adjuvant as a next generation vaccine candidate for Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus
    • Martin SS, Bakken RR, Lind CM et al. Evaluation of formalin inactivated V3526 virus with adjuvant as a next generation vaccine candidate for Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus. Vaccine 28, 3143-3151 (2010).
    • (2010) Vaccine , vol.28 , pp. 3143-3151
    • Martin, S.S.1    Bakken, R.R.2    Lind, C.M.3
  • 80
    • 0042389641 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recombinant sindbis/Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus is highly attenuated and immunogenic
    • Paessler S, Fayzulin RZ, Anishchenko M et al. Recombinant sindbis/Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus is highly attenuated and immunogenic. J. Virol. 77, 9278-9286 (2003).
    • (2003) J. Virol. , vol.77 , pp. 9278-9286
    • Paessler, S.1    Fayzulin, R.Z.2    Anishchenko, M.3
  • 81
    • 33644769205 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Replication and clearance of Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus from the brains of animals vaccinated with chimeric SIN/VEE viruses
    • Paessler S, Ni H, Petrakova O et al. Replication and clearance of Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus from the brains of animals vaccinated with chimeric SIN/VEE viruses. J. Virol. 80, 2784-2796 (2006).
    • (2006) J. Virol. , vol.80 , pp. 2784-2796
    • Paessler, S.1    Ni, H.2    Petrakova, O.3
  • 82
    • 34848844048 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chimeric Sindbis/eastern equine encephalitis vaccine candidates are highly attenuated and immunogenic in mice
    • Wang E, Petrakova O, Adams AP et al. Chimeric Sindbis/eastern equine encephalitis vaccine candidates are highly attenuated and immunogenic in mice. Vaccine 25, 7573-7581 (2007).
    • (2007) Vaccine , vol.25 , pp. 7573-7581
    • Wang, E.1    Petrakova, O.2    Adams, A.P.3
  • 83
    • 84874433599 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A chimeric Sindbis-based vaccine protects cynomolgus macaques against a lethal aerosol challenge of eastern equine encephalitis virus
    • Roy CJ, Adams AP, Wang E et al. A chimeric Sindbis-based vaccine protects cynomolgus macaques against a lethal aerosol challenge of eastern equine encephalitis virus. Vaccine 31, 1458-1463 (2013).
    • (2013) Vaccine , vol.31 , pp. 1458-1463
    • Roy, C.J.1    Adams, A.P.2    Wang, E.3
  • 84
    • 67649472422 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chimeric alphavirus vaccine candidates protect mice from intranasal challenge with western equine encephalitis virus
    • Atasheva S, Wang E, Adams AP et al. Chimeric alphavirus vaccine candidates protect mice from intranasal challenge with western equine encephalitis virus. Vaccine 27, 4309-4319 (2009).
    • (2009) Vaccine , vol.27 , pp. 4309-4319
    • Atasheva, S.1    Wang, E.2    Adams, A.P.3
  • 86
    • 0032736438 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gene gun mediated vaccination is superior to manual delivery for immunisation with DNA vaccines expressing protective antigens from Yersinia pestis or Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus
    • Bennett AM, Phillpotts RJ, Perkins SD, Jacobs SC, Williamson ED. Gene gun mediated vaccination is superior to manual delivery for immunisation with DNA vaccines expressing protective antigens from Yersinia pestis or Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus. Vaccine 18, 588-596 (2000).
    • (2000) Vaccine , vol.18 , pp. 588-596
    • Bennett, A.M.1    Phillpotts, R.J.2    Perkins, S.D.3    Jacobs, S.C.4    Williamson, E.D.5
  • 87
    • 10744230259 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of individual and combination DNA vaccines for B. anthracis, Ebola virus, Marburg virus and Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus
    • Riemenschneider J, Garrison A, Geisbert J et al. Comparison of individual and combination DNA vaccines for B. anthracis, Ebola virus, Marburg virus and Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus. Vaccine 21, 4071-4080 (2003).
    • (2003) Vaccine , vol.21 , pp. 4071-4080
    • Riemenschneider, J.1    Garrison, A.2    Geisbert, J.3
  • 88
    • 77958186331 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunogenicity and protective efficacy of a DNA vaccine against Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus aerosol challenge in nonhuman primates
    • Dupuy LC, Richards MJ, Reed DS et al. Immunogenicity and protective efficacy of a DNA vaccine against Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus aerosol challenge in nonhuman primates. Vaccine 28, 7345-7350 (2010).
    • Vaccine , vol.28 , pp. 7345-7350
    • Dupuy, L.C.1    Richards, M.J.2    Reed, D.S.3
  • 89
    • 79955718742 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A DNA vaccine for Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus delivered by intramuscular electroporation elicits high levels of neutralizing antibodies in multiple animal models and provides protective immunity to mice and nonhuman primates
    • Dupuy LC, Richards MJ, Ellefsen B et al. A DNA vaccine for Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus delivered by intramuscular electroporation elicits high levels of neutralizing antibodies in multiple animal models and provides protective immunity to mice and nonhuman primates. Clin. Vaccine Immunol. 18, 707-716 (2011).
    • (2011) Clin. Vaccine Immunol. , vol.18 , pp. 707-716
    • Dupuy, L.C.1    Richards, M.J.2    Ellefsen, B.3
  • 90
    • 20044372172 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of DNA vaccination against western equine encephalitis virus infection
    • Nagata LP, Hu WG, Masri SA et al. Efficacy of DNA vaccination against western equine encephalitis virus infection. Vaccine 23, 2280-2283 (2005).
    • (2005) Vaccine , vol.23 , pp. 2280-2283
    • Nagata, L.P.1    Hu, W.G.2    Masri, S.A.3
  • 91
    • 74549175318 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of western equine encephalitis virus structural proteins that confer protection after DNA vaccination
    • Gauci PJ, Wu JQ, Rayner GA, Barabe ND, Nagata LP, Proll DF. Identification of western equine encephalitis virus structural proteins that confer protection after DNA vaccination. Clin. Vaccine Immunol. 17, 176-179 (2010).
    • (2010) Clin. Vaccine Immunol. , vol.17 , pp. 176-179
    • Gauci, P.J.1    Wu, J.Q.2    Rayner, G.A.3    Barabe, N.D.4    Nagata, L.P.5    Proll, D.F.6
  • 92
    • 34248212373 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complete protection of mice against a lethal dose challenge of western equine encephalitis virus after immunization with an adenovirus-vectored vaccine
    • Wu JQ, Barabe ND, Chau D et al. Complete protection of mice against a lethal dose challenge of western equine encephalitis virus after immunization with an adenovirus-vectored vaccine. Vaccine 25, 4368-4375 (2007).
    • (2007) Vaccine , vol.25 , pp. 4368-4375
    • Wu, J.Q.1    Barabe, N.D.2    Chau, D.3
  • 93
    • 34547120475 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Single-dose, fast-acting vaccine candidate against western equine encephalitis virus completely protects mice from intranasal challenge with different strains of the virus
    • Barabe ND, Rayner GA, Christopher ME, Nagata LP, Wu JQ. Single-dose, fast-acting vaccine candidate against western equine encephalitis virus completely protects mice from intranasal challenge with different strains of the virus. Vaccine 25(33), 6271-6276 (2007).
    • (2007) Vaccine , vol.25 , Issue.33 , pp. 6271-6276
    • Barabe, N.D.1    Rayner, G.A.2    Christopher, M.E.3    Nagata, L.P.4    Wu, J.Q.5
  • 94
    • 78650558264 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Envelope protein E1 as vaccine target for western equine encephalitis virus
    • Swayze RD, Bhogal HS, Barabe ND, McLaws LJ, Wu JQ. Envelope protein E1 as vaccine target for western equine encephalitis virus. Vaccine 29, 813-820 (2011).
    • (2011) Vaccine , vol.29 , pp. 813-820
    • Swayze, R.D.1    Bhogal, H.S.2    Barabe, N.D.3    McLaws, L.J.4    Wu, J.Q.5
  • 95
    • 0024209356 scopus 로고
    • Recombinant vaccinia virus/Venezuelan equine encephalitis (VEE) virus protects mice from peripheral VEE virus challenge
    • Kinney RM, Esposito JJ, Mathews JH et al. Recombinant vaccinia virus/Venezuelan equine encephalitis (VEE) virus protects mice from peripheral VEE virus challenge. J. Virol. 62, 4697-4702 (1988).
    • (1988) J. Virol. , vol.62 , pp. 4697-4702
    • Kinney, R.M.1    Esposito, J.J.2    Mathews, J.H.3
  • 96
    • 13444311692 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intranasal immunisation with defective adenovirus serotype 5 expressing the Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus E2 glycoprotein protects against airborne challenge with virulent virus
    • Phillpotts RJ, O'Brien L, Appleton RE et al. Intranasal immunisation with defective adenovirus serotype 5 expressing the Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus E2 glycoprotein protects against airborne challenge with virulent virus. Vaccine 23, 1615-1623 (2005).
    • (2005) Vaccine , vol.23 , pp. 1615-1623
    • Phillpotts, R.J.1    O'Brien, L.2    Appleton, R.E.3
  • 97
    • 0014416986 scopus 로고
    • Particles associated with Australia antigen in the sera of patients with leukaemia, Down's Syndrome and hepatitis
    • Bayer ME, Blumberg BS, Werner B. Particles associated with Australia antigen in the sera of patients with leukaemia, Down's Syndrome and hepatitis. Nature 218, 1057-1059 (1968).
    • (1968) Nature , vol.218 , pp. 1057-1059
    • Bayer, M.E.1    Blumberg, B.S.2    Werner, B.3
  • 99
    • 77949264955 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Virus-like Particle Vaccine for Epidemic Chikungunya Virus Protects Nonhuman Primates Against Infection
    • Akahata W, Yang ZY, Andersen H et al. A virus-like particle vaccine for epidemic chikungunya virus protects nonhuman primates against infection. Nat. Med. 16, 334-338 (2010).
    • (2010) Nat. Med. , vol.16 , pp. 334-338
    • Akahata, W.1    Yang, Z.Y.2    Andersen, H.3
  • 100
    • 78149417692 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Safety and immunogenicity of a replication-defective adenovirus type 5 HIV vaccine in Ad5- seronegative persons: A randomized clinical trial (HVTN 054)
    • Peiperl L, Morgan C, Moodie Z et al. Safety and immunogenicity of a replication-defective adenovirus type 5 HIV vaccine in Ad5- seronegative persons: a randomized clinical trial (HVTN 054). PLoS ONE 5(10), e13579 (2010).
    • (2010) PLoS ONE , vol.5 , Issue.10
    • Peiperl, L.1    Morgan, C.2    Moodie, Z.3
  • 101
    • 56149115867 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nasal delivery of an adenovirus-based vaccine bypasses pre-existing immunity to the vaccine carrier and improves the immune response in mice
    • Croyle MA, Patel A, Tran KN et al. Nasal delivery of an adenovirus-based vaccine bypasses pre-existing immunity to the vaccine carrier and improves the immune response in mice. PLoS ONE 3(10), e3548 (2008).
    • (2008) PLoS ONE , vol.3 , Issue.10
    • Croyle, M.A.1    Patel, A.2    Tran, K.N.3
  • 102
    • 78650981716 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preclinical and clinical development of plant-made virus-like particle vaccine against avian H5N1 influenza
    • Landry N, Ward BJ, Trepanier S et al. Preclinical and clinical development of plant-made virus-like particle vaccine against avian H5N1 influenza. PLoS ONE 5(12), e15559 (2010).
    • (2010) PLoS ONE , vol.5 , Issue.12
    • Landry, N.1    Ward, B.J.2    Trepanier, S.3
  • 103
    • 80055106239 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alphavirus-induced encephalomyelitis: Antibody-secreting cells and viral clearance from the nervous system
    • Metcalf TU, Griffin DE. Alphavirus-induced encephalomyelitis: antibody-secreting cells and viral clearance from the nervous system. J. Virol. 85(21), 11490-11501 (2011).
    • (2011) J. Virol. , vol.85 , Issue.21 , pp. 11490-11501
    • Metcalf, T.U.1    Griffin, D.E.2
  • 104
    • 84859369193 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modulation of GSK-3b activity in Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus infection
    • Kehn-Hall K, Narayanan A, Lundberg L et al. Modulation of GSK-3b activity in Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus infection. PLoS ONE 7(4), e34761 (2012).
    • (2012) PLoS ONE , vol.7 , Issue.4
    • Kehn-Hall, K.1    Narayanan, A.2    Lundberg, L.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.