메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 28, Issue 12, 2013, Pages 5673-5689

Review of the impact of vehicle-to-grid technologies on distribution systems and utility interfaces

Author keywords

Battery degradation; Charging infrastructure; Distribution system; Grid operator; Grid to vehicle (G2V); Plug in electric vehicles (PEVs); Regulation; Smart charging; Unidirectional bidirectional power flow; Utility interface; Vehicleto grid (V2G)

Indexed keywords

BATTERY DEGRADATION; CHARGING INFRASTRUCTURES; DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS; GRID OPERATORS; GRID-TO-VEHICLE (G2V); PLUG-IN ELECTRIC VEHICLES; POWER FLOWS; REGULATION; SMART CHARGING; UTILITY INTERFACE; VEHICLETO-GRID (V2G);

EID: 84879116401     PISSN: 08858993     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1109/TPEL.2012.2227500     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (831)

References (200)
  • 3
    • 79952826635 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pihef: Plug-in hybrid electric factor
    • Mar
    • S. G. Wirasingha and A. Emadi, "Pihef: Plug-in hybrid electric factor," IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol., vol. 60, no. 3, pp. 1279-1284, Mar. 2011.
    • (2011) IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol. , vol.60 , Issue.3 , pp. 1279-1284
    • Wirasingha, S.G.1    Emadi, A.2
  • 4
    • 59249101002 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beyond batteries: An examination of the benefits and barriers to plug-in hybrid electric vehicles and a vehicleto-grid transition
    • B. K. Sovacool and R. F. Hirsh, "Beyond batteries: An examination of the benefits and barriers to plug-in hybrid electric vehicles and a vehicleto-grid transition," Energy Policy, vol. 37, no. 3, pp. 1095-1103, 2009.
    • (2009) Energy Policy , vol.37 , Issue.3 , pp. 1095-1103
    • Sovacool, B.K.1    Hirsh, R.F.2
  • 7
    • 18844449403 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vehicle-to-grid power implementation: From stabilizing the grid to supporting large-scale renewable energy
    • W. Kempton and J. Tomić, "Vehicle-to-grid power implementation: From stabilizing the grid to supporting large-scale renewable energy," J. Power Sources, vol. 144, no. 1, pp. 268-279, 2005.
    • (2005) J. Power Sources , vol.144 , Issue.1 , pp. 268-279
    • Kempton, W.1    Tomić, J.2
  • 9
    • 84857641316 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Methodology to analyze the economic effects of electric cars as energy storages
    • Mar
    • J. Lassila, J. Haakana, V. Tikka, and J. Partanen, "Methodology to analyze the economic effects of electric cars as energy storages," IEEE Trans. Smart Grid, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 506-516, Mar. 2012.
    • (2012) IEEE Trans. Smart Grid , vol.3 , Issue.1 , pp. 506-516
    • Lassila, J.1    Haakana, J.2    Tikka, V.3    Partanen, J.4
  • 10
    • 84862777173 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modeling of plug-in hybrid electric vehicle charging demand in probabilistic power flow calculations
    • Mar
    • G. Li and X. P. Zhang, "Modeling of plug-in hybrid electric vehicle charging demand in probabilistic power flow calculations," IEEE Trans. Smart Grid, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 492-499, Mar. 2012.
    • (2012) IEEE Trans. Smart Grid , vol.3 , Issue.1 , pp. 492-499
    • Li, G.1    Zhang, X.P.2
  • 12
    • 84870496823 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Leaf specs. [Online]
    • Nissan Zero Emission Website, Leaf specs. (2010). [Online]. Available: http://www.nissan-zeroemission.com/EN/LEAF/specs.html
    • (2010) Nissan Zero Emission Website
  • 14
    • 0020751451 scopus 로고
    • The impact of electric vehicle deployment on load management strategies
    • PAS-1, May
    • G. T. Heydt, "The impact of electric vehicle deployment on load management strategies," IEEE Trans. Power App. Syst., vol. PAS-1, no. 144, pp. 1253-1259, May 1983.
    • (1983) IEEE Trans. Power App. Syst. , Issue.144 , pp. 1253-1259
    • Heydt, G.T.1
  • 16
    • 48949093540 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Integration of renewable energy into the transport and electricity sectors through V2G
    • H. Lund and W. Kempton, "Integration of renewable energy into the transport and electricity sectors through V2G," Energy Policy, vol. 36, no. 9, pp. 3578-3587, 2008.
    • (2008) Energy Policy , vol.36 , Issue.9 , pp. 3578-3587
    • Lund, H.1    Kempton, W.2
  • 17
    • 39649109891 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environmental and energy implications of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles
    • C. H. Stephan and J. Sullivan, "Environmental and energy implications of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles," Environ. Sci. Technol., vol. 42, pp. 1185-1190, 2008.
    • (2008) Environ. Sci. Technol. , vol.42 , pp. 1185-1190
    • Stephan, C.H.1    Sullivan, J.2
  • 18
    • 61649112445 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emissions impacts and benefits of plugin hybrid electric vehicles and vehicle-to-grid services
    • S. Ramteen and P. Denholm, "Emissions impacts and benefits of plugin hybrid electric vehicles and vehicle-to-grid services," Environ. Sci. Technol., vol. 43, pp. 1199-1204, 2009.
    • (2009) Environ. Sci. Technol. , vol.43 , pp. 1199-1204
    • Ramteen, S.1    Denholm, P.2
  • 19
    • 48649100596 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Life cycle assessment of greenhouse gas emissions from PHEVs: Implications for policy
    • C. Samaras and K. Meisterling, "Life cycle assessment of greenhouse gas emissions from PHEVs: Implications for policy," Environ. Sci. Technol., vol. 42, no. 9, pp. 3170-3176, 2008.
    • (2008) Environ. Sci. Technol. , vol.42 , Issue.9 , pp. 3170-3176
    • Samaras, C.1    Meisterling, K.2
  • 20
    • 67649635391 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electric vehicles for improved operation of power systems with high wind power penetration
    • Nov
    • E. Larsen, D. K. Chandrashekhara, and J. Ostergaard, "Electric vehicles for improved operation of power systems with high wind power penetration," in Proc. IEEE Energy 2030 Conf., Nov. 2008, pp. 1-6.
    • (2008) Proc. IEEE Energy 2030 Conf. , pp. 1-6
    • Larsen, E.1    Chandrashekhara, D.K.2    Ostergaard, J.3
  • 22
    • 65949116400 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Control and power management of a grid connected residential photovoltaic system with plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) Load
    • Y. Gurkaynak and A. Khaligh, "Control and power management of a grid connected residential photovoltaic system with plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) Load," in Proc. IEEE Appl. Power Energy Conf., 2009, pp. 2086-2091.
    • (2009) Proc. IEEE Appl. Power Energy Conf. , pp. 2086-2091
    • Gurkaynak, Y.1    Khaligh, A.2
  • 23
    • 18844449403 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vehicle-to-grid power fundamentals: Calculating capacity and net revenue
    • W. Kempton and J. Tomić, "Vehicle-to-grid power fundamentals: Calculating capacity and net revenue," J. Power Sources, vol. 144, no. 1, pp. 268-279, 2005.
    • (2005) J. Power Sources , vol.144 , Issue.1 , pp. 268-279
    • Kempton, W.1    Tomić, J.2
  • 26
    • 72149131445 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Design and control of grid-connected converter in bi-directional battery charger for plug-in hybrid electric vehicle application
    • X. Zhou, S. Lukic, S. Bhattacharya, and A. Huang, "Design and control of grid-connected converter in bi-directional battery charger for plug-in hybrid electric vehicle application," in Proc. IEEE Veh. Power Propulsion Conf., 2009, pp. 1716-1721.
    • (2009) Proc. IEEE Veh. Power Propulsion Conf. , pp. 1716-1721
    • Zhou, X.1    Lukic, S.2    Bhattacharya, S.3    Huang, A.4
  • 28
    • 79955526632 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modeling of load demand due to EV battery charging in distribution systems
    • May
    • K. Qian, C. Zhou, M. Allan, and Y. Yuan, "Modeling of load demand due to EV battery charging in distribution systems," IEEE Trans. Power Systems, vol. 26, no. 2, pp. 802-810, May 2011.
    • (2011) IEEE Trans. Power Systems , vol.26 , Issue.2 , pp. 802-810
    • Qian, K.1    Zhou, C.2    Allan, M.3    Yuan, Y.4
  • 30
    • 70349492506 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intelligent unit commitment with vehicle-to-grid-A cost-emission optimization
    • A. Y. Saber and G. K. Venayagamoorthy, "Intelligent unit commitment with vehicle-to-grid-A cost-emission optimization," J. Power Sources, vol. 195, no. 3, pp. 898-911, 2010.
    • (2010) J. Power Sources , vol.195 , Issue.3 , pp. 898-911
    • Saber, A.Y.1    Venayagamoorthy, G.K.2
  • 31
    • 70449409371 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A conceptual framework for the vehicle-to-grid (V2G) implementation
    • C. Guille and G. Gross, "A conceptual framework for the vehicle-to-grid (V2G) implementation," Energy Policy, vol. 37, no. 11, pp. 4379-4390, 2009.
    • (2009) Energy Policy , vol.37 , Issue.11 , pp. 4379-4390
    • Guille, C.1    Gross, G.2
  • 32
    • 67650067476 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Energy and economic evaluation of PHEVs and their interaction with renewable energy sources and the power grid
    • Sep
    • V. Marano and G. Rizzoni, "Energy and economic evaluation of PHEVs and their interaction with renewable energy sources and the power grid," in Proc. IEEE Veh. Electron. Safety Conf., Sep. 2008, pp. 84-89.
    • (2008) Proc. IEEE Veh. Electron. Safety Conf. , pp. 84-89
    • Marano, V.1    Rizzoni, G.2
  • 33
    • 33947537447 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preliminary assessment of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles on wind energy markets
    • Golden, CO, Tech. Rep. TP-620-39729, Apr
    • W. Short and P. Denholm, "Preliminary assessment of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles on wind energy markets," Natl. Renewable Energy Lab., Golden, CO, Tech. Rep. TP-620-39729, Apr. 2006.
    • (2006) Natl. Renewable Energy Lab.
    • Short, W.1    Denholm, P.2
  • 35
    • 0032141317 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A strategy of load leveling by charging and discharging time control of electric vehicles
    • Aug
    • F. Koyanagi and Y. Uriu, "A strategy of load leveling by charging and discharging time control of electric vehicles," IEEE Trans. Power Syst., vol. 13, no. 3, pp. 1179-1184, Aug. 1998.
    • (1998) IEEE Trans. Power Syst. , vol.13 , Issue.3 , pp. 1179-1184
    • Koyanagi, F.1    Uriu, Y.2
  • 37
    • 44649149835 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impacts assessment of plug-in hybrid vehicles on electric utilities and regional US power grids Part 1: Technical analysis Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
    • Richland, WA, Tech. Rep. PNNL-SA-61669
    • M. Kintner-Meyer, K. P. Schneider, and R. G. Pratt, "Impacts assessment of plug-in hybrid vehicles on electric utilities and regional US power grids Part 1: Technical analysis Pacific Northwest National Laboratory," Pacific Northwest Natl. Lab., Richland, WA, Tech. Rep. PNNL-SA-61669, 2007.
    • (2007) Pacific Northwest Natl. Lab.
    • Kintner-Meyer, M.1    Schneider, K.P.2    Pratt, R.G.3
  • 38
    • 84857641127 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Optimal scheduling of vehicleto-grid energy and ancillary services
    • Mar
    • E. Sortomme and M. A. El-Sharkawi, "Optimal scheduling of vehicleto-grid energy and ancillary services," IEEE Trans. Smart Grid, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 351-359, Mar. 2012.
    • (2012) IEEE Trans. Smart Grid , vol.3 , Issue.1 , pp. 351-359
    • Sortomme, E.1    El-Sharkawi, M.A.2
  • 40
    • 57849083993 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plug-in hybrid electric vehicle developments in the US: Trends, barriers, and economic feasibility
    • S. G. Wirasingha, N. Schofield, and A. Emadi, "Plug-in hybrid electric vehicle developments in the US: Trends, barriers, and economic feasibility," in Proc IEEE Veh. Power Propulsion Conf., 2008, pp. 1-8.
    • (2008) Proc IEEE Veh. Power Propulsion Conf. , pp. 1-8
    • Wirasingha, S.G.1    Schofield, N.2    Emadi, A.3
  • 41
    • 79957683037 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vehicle-to-grid regulation reserves based on a dynamic simulation of mobility behavior
    • Jun
    • D. Dallinger, D. Krampe, and M. Wietschel, "Vehicle-to-grid regulation reserves based on a dynamic simulation of mobility behavior," IEEE Trans. Smart Grid, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 302-313, Jun. 2011.
    • (2011) IEEE Trans. Smart Grid , vol.2 , Issue.2 , pp. 302-313
    • Dallinger, D.1    Krampe, D.2    Wietschel, M.3
  • 43
    • 77951498372 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The challenges and policy options for integrating plug-in hybrid electric vehicle into the electric grid
    • A. K. Srivastava, B. Annabathina, and S. Kamalasadan, "The challenges and policy options for integrating plug-in hybrid electric vehicle into the electric grid," The Electr. J., vol. 23, no. 3, pp. 83-91, 2010.
    • (2010) The Electr. J. , vol.23 , Issue.3 , pp. 83-91
    • Srivastava, A.K.1    Annabathina, B.2    Kamalasadan, S.3
  • 44
    • 44249115265 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An evaluation of utility system impacts and benefits of optimally dispatched PHEVs
    • Golden, CO, Tech. Rep. TP-620-40293, Oct
    • P. Denholm and W. Short, "An evaluation of utility system impacts and benefits of optimally dispatched PHEVs," Natl. Renewable Energy Lab., Golden, CO, Tech. Rep. TP-620-40293, Oct. 2006.
    • (2006) Natl. Renewable Energy Lab.
    • Denholm, P.1    Short, W.2
  • 45
    • 76649130926 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of charging plug-in hybrid electric vehicles on a residential distribution grid
    • Feb
    • K. Clement-Nyns, E. Haesen, and J. Driesen, "The impact of charging plug-in hybrid electric vehicles on a residential distribution grid," IEEE Trans. Power Syst, vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 371-380, Feb. 2010.
    • (2010) IEEE Trans. Power Syst , vol.25 , Issue.1 , pp. 371-380
    • Clement-Nyns, K.1    Haesen, E.2    Driesen, J.3
  • 46
    • 77950932385 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles as regulating power providers: Case studies of Sweden and Germany
    • S. L. Andersson, A. K. Elofsson, M. D. Galus, L. Göransson, S. Karlsson, and F. Johnsson, "Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles as regulating power providers: Case studies of Sweden and Germany," Energy Policy, vol. 38, no. 6, pp. 2751-2762, 2010.
    • (2010) Energy Policy , vol.38 , Issue.6 , pp. 2751-2762
    • Andersson, S.L.1    Elofsson, A.K.2    Galus, M.D.3    Göransson, L.4    Karlsson, S.5    Johnsson, F.6
  • 47
    • 84868544403 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electric vehicles and electricity sector regulatory framework: The Portuguese example
    • C. Camus, J. Esteves, and T. L. Farias, "Electric vehicles and electricity sector regulatory framework: The Portuguese example," in Proc. Electric Vehicle Symp 24, 2009, pp. 1-12.
    • (2009) Proc. Electric Vehicle Symp 24 , pp. 1-12
    • Camus, C.1    Esteves, J.2    Farias, T.L.3
  • 48
    • 77957298230 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The value of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles as grid resources
    • R. Sioshansi and P. Denkolm, "The value of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles as grid resources," Energy J., vol. 31, no. 3, pp. 1-23, 2010.
    • (2010) Energy J. , vol.31 , Issue.3 , pp. 1-23
    • Sioshansi, R.1    Denkolm, P.2
  • 51
    • 74249099269 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The economics of using plug-in hybrid electric vehicle battery packs for grid storage
    • B. Peterson, J. Whitacre, and J. Apt, "The economics of using plug-in hybrid electric vehicle battery packs for grid storage," J. Power Sources, vol. 195, no. 8, pp. 2377-2384, 2010.
    • (2010) J. Power Sources , vol.195 , Issue.8 , pp. 2377-2384
    • Peterson, B.1    Whitacre, J.2    Apt, J.3
  • 52
    • 84857641392 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • BEVs/PHEVs as dispersed energy storage for V2B uses in the smart grid
    • Mar
    • C. Pang, P. Dutta, and M. Kezunovic, "BEVs/PHEVs as dispersed energy storage for V2B uses in the smart grid," IEEE Trans. Smart Grid, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 473-482, Mar. 2012.
    • (2012) IEEE Trans. Smart Grid , vol.3 , Issue.1 , pp. 473-482
    • Pang, C.1    Dutta, P.2    Kezunovic, M.3
  • 53
    • 84856332532 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Survey on the electrification of transportation in a smart grid environment
    • Feb
    • W. Su, H. Eichi, W. Zeng, and M. Y. Chow, "A Survey on the electrification of transportation in a smart grid environment," IEEE Trans. Ind. Inform., vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 1-10, Feb. 2012.
    • (2012) IEEE Trans. Ind. Inform. , vol.8 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-10
    • Su, W.1    Eichi, H.2    Zeng, W.3    Chow, M.Y.4
  • 54
    • 33947505847 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Commercializing light-duty plug-in/ plug-out hydrogen fuel cell vehicles:Mobile electricity technologies and opportunities
    • B. D. Williams and K. S. Kurani, "Commercializing light-duty plug-in/ plug-out hydrogen fuel cell vehicles:Mobile electricity technologies and opportunities," J. Power Sources, vol. 166, pp. 549-566, 2007.
    • (2007) J. Power Sources , vol.166 , pp. 549-566
    • Williams, B.D.1    Kurani, K.S.2
  • 55
    • 79151477725 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment of the impact of plug-in electric vehicles on distribution networks
    • Feb
    • L. P. Fernández, T. G. San Román, R. Cossent, C. M. Domingo, and P. Fraías, "Assessment of the impact of plug-in electric vehicles on distribution networks," IEEE Trans. Power Syst., vol. 26, no. 1, pp. 206-213, Feb. 2011.
    • (2011) IEEE Trans. Power Syst. , vol.26 , Issue.1 , pp. 206-213
    • Fernández, L.P.1    San Román, T.G.2    Cossent, R.3    Domingo, C.M.4    Fraías, P.5
  • 57
    • 57649236033 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cars to grid: An electrifying idea
    • J. DiPeso, "Cars to grid: An electrifying idea," Environ. Qual. Manage., vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 89-94, 2008.
    • (2008) Environ. Qual. Manage. , vol.18 , Issue.2 , pp. 89-94
    • Dipeso, J.1
  • 58
    • 84857640858 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The evolution of plug-in electric vehiclegrid interactions
    • Mar
    • D. P. Tuttle and R. Baldick, "The evolution of plug-in electric vehiclegrid interactions," IEEE Trans. Smart Grid, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 500-505, Mar. 2012.
    • (2012) IEEE Trans. Smart Grid , vol.3 , Issue.1 , pp. 500-505
    • Tuttle, D.P.1    Baldick, R.2
  • 59
    • 79952674001 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plug-in vehicles and renewable energy sources for cost and emission reductions
    • Apr
    • A. Y. Saber and G. K. Venayagamoorthy, "Plug-in vehicles and renewable energy sources for cost and emission reductions," IEEE Trans. Ind. Elect., vol. 58, no. 4, pp. 1229-1238, Apr. 2011.
    • (2011) IEEE Trans. Ind. Elect. , vol.58 , Issue.4 , pp. 1229-1238
    • Saber, A.Y.1    Venayagamoorthy, G.K.2
  • 62
    • 34247587103 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Using fleets of electric-drive vehicles for grid support
    • Jun
    • J. Tomić and W. Kempton, "Using fleets of electric-drive vehicles for grid support," J. Power Sources, vol. 168, no. 2, pp. 459-468, Jun. 2007.
    • (2007) J. Power Sources , vol.168 , Issue.2 , pp. 459-468
    • Tomić, J.1    Kempton, W.2
  • 64
    • 71249095401 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of communication architecture on the availability, reliability, and economics of plugin hybrid electric vehicle-to-grid ancillary services
    • C. Quinn, D. Zimmerle, and T. H. Bradley, "The effect of communication architecture on the availability, reliability, and economics of plugin hybrid electric vehicle-to-grid ancillary services," J. Power Sources, vol. 195, no. 5, pp. 1500-1509, 2010.
    • (2010) J. Power Sources , vol.195 , Issue.5 , pp. 1500-1509
    • Quinn, C.1    Zimmerle, D.2    Bradley, T.H.3
  • 65
    • 0031225085 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electric vehicles as a new power source for electric utilities
    • W. Kempton and S. Letendre, "Electric vehicles as a new power source for electric utilities," Transport. Res.-D, vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 157-175, 1997.
    • (1997) Transport. Res.-D , vol.2 , Issue.3 , pp. 157-175
    • Kempton, W.1    Letendre, S.2
  • 66
    • 77958052583 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of vehicleto-grid on the distribution grid
    • K. Clement-Nyns, E. Haesen, and J. Driesen, "The impact of vehicleto-grid on the distribution grid," Electr. Power Syst. Res., vol. 81, no. 1, pp. 185-192, 2011.
    • (2011) Electr. Power Syst. Res. , vol.81 , Issue.1 , pp. 185-192
    • Clement-Nyns, K.1    Haesen, E.2    Driesen, J.3
  • 67
    • 72149093212 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Communication and control of electric drive vehicles supporting renewables
    • T. Markel, M. Kuss, and P. Denholm, "Communication and control of electric drive vehicles supporting renewables," in Proc. IEEE Veh. Power Propulsion Conf., 2009, pp. 27-34.
    • (2009) Proc. IEEE Veh. Power Propulsion Conf. , pp. 27-34
    • Markel, T.1    Kuss, M.2    Denholm, P.3
  • 70
    • 78149312495 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • [Online]
    • ZigBee Smart Energy Overview. (2011). [Online]. Available: http://www.zigbee.org/Standards/ZigBeeSmartEnergy/Overview.aspx
    • (2011) ZigBee Smart Energy Overview
  • 71
    • 72149130526 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of ZigBee communication platform for controlling the charging of PHEVs at a municipal parking deck
    • P. Kulshrestha, K. Swaminathan, M.-Y. Chow, and S. M. Lukic, "Evaluation of ZigBee communication platform for controlling the charging of PHEVs at a municipal parking deck," in Proc. IEEE Veh. Power Propulsion Conf., 2009, pp. 1211-1214.
    • (2009) Proc. IEEE Veh. Power Propulsion Conf. , pp. 1211-1214
    • Kulshrestha, P.1    Swaminathan, K.2    Chow, M.-Y.3    Lukic, S.M.4
  • 72
    • 0037898130 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Home plug 1.0 powerline communication LANs-Protocol description and performance results
    • M. K. Lee, R. E. Newman, H. A. Latchman, S. Katar, and L. Yonge, "Home Plug 1.0 powerline communication LANs-Protocol description and performance results," Int. J. Commun. Syst., vol. 16, pp. 447-473, 2003.
    • (2003) Int. J. Commun. Syst. , vol.16 , pp. 447-473
    • Lee, M.K.1    Newman, R.E.2    Latchman, H.A.3    Katar, S.4    Yonge, L.5
  • 78
    • 80155207209 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Design considerations for DC charging station for plug-in vehicles
    • S. Bai and S. Lukic, "Design considerations for DC charging station for plug-in vehicles," in Proc. IEEE Veh. Power Propulsion Conf., 2011, pp. 1-6.
    • (2011) Proc. IEEE Veh. Power Propulsion Conf. , pp. 1-6
    • Bai, S.1    Lukic, S.2
  • 79
    • 84887225080 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparisons and comments on harmonic standards IEC 1000-3-6 and IEEE Std. 519
    • 1, 260-263
    • Wilsun Xu, "Comparisons and comments on harmonic standards IEC 1000-3-6 and IEEE Std. 519," in Proc. Harmonics, Quality Power Conf., 2000, vol. 1, pp. 260-263.
    • (2000) Proc. Harmonics, Quality Power Conf.
    • Xu, W.1
  • 80
    • 79952684446 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Controlled battery charger for electric vehicles
    • M. Geske, T. Winkler, P. Komarnicki, and G. Heideck, "Controlled battery charger for electric vehicles," PIERS Online, vol. 6, no. 6, pp. 532-536, 2010.
    • (2010) PIERS Online , vol.6 , Issue.6 , pp. 532-536
    • Geske, M.1    Winkler, T.2    Komarnicki, P.3    Heideck, G.4
  • 83
    • 0031071504 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An overview of power electronics in electric vehicles
    • Feb
    • C. C. Chan and K. T. Chau, "An overview of power electronics in electric vehicles," IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 44, no. 1, pp. 3-13, Feb. 1997.
    • (1997) IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron. , vol.44 , Issue.1 , pp. 3-13
    • Chan, C.C.1    Chau, K.T.2
  • 84
    • 0031258094 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An integrated battery charger/discharger with power-factor correction
    • Oct
    • C. Aguilar, F. Canales, J. Arau, J. Sebastian, and J. Uceda, "An integrated battery charger/discharger with power-factor correction," IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 44, no. 5, pp. 597-603, Oct. 1997.
    • (1997) IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron. , vol.44 , Issue.5 , pp. 597-603
    • Aguilar, C.1    Canales, F.2    Arau, J.3    Sebastian, J.4    Uceda, J.5
  • 85
    • 70350215533 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Advanced integrated bi-directional AC/DC and DC/DC converter for plug-in hybrid electric vehicles
    • Oct
    • Y. Lee, A. Khaligh, and A. Emadi, "Advanced integrated bi-directional AC/DC and DC/DC converter for plug-in hybrid electric vehicles," IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol., vol. 58, no. 3, pp. 3970-3980, Oct. 2009.
    • (2009) IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol. , vol.58 , Issue.3 , pp. 3970-3980
    • Lee, Y.1    Khaligh, A.2    Emadi, A.3
  • 86
    • 0038493862 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of EV battery chargers on the power quality of distribution systems
    • Jul
    • J. C. Gómez and M. M. Morcos, "Impact of EV battery chargers on the power quality of distribution systems," IEEE Trans. Power Del., vol. 18, no. 3, pp. 975-981, Jul. 2003.
    • (2003) IEEE Trans. Power Del. , vol.18 , Issue.3 , pp. 975-981
    • Gómez, J.C.1    Morcos, M.M.2
  • 88
    • 84857657877 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Optimal combined bidding of vehicle-to-grid ancillary services
    • Mar
    • E. Sortomme and M. A. El-Sharkawi, "Optimal combined bidding of vehicle-to-grid ancillary services," IEEE Trans. Smart Grid, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 70-79, Mar. 2012.
    • (2012) IEEE Trans. Smart Grid , vol.3 , Issue.1 , pp. 70-79
    • Sortomme, E.1    El-Sharkawi, M.A.2
  • 89
    • 75649093324 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Optimal transition to plug-in hybrid electric vehicles in Ontario, Canada, Considering the electricity-grid limitations
    • Feb
    • A. Hajimiragha, C. A. Cañizares, M. W. Fowler, and A. Elkamel, "Optimal transition to plug-in hybrid electric vehicles in Ontario, Canada, Considering the electricity-grid limitations," IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 57, no. 2, pp. 690-701, Feb. 2010.
    • (2010) IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron. , vol.57 , Issue.2 , pp. 690-701
    • Hajimiragha, A.1    Cañizares, C.A.2    Fowler, M.W.3    Elkamel, A.4
  • 90
    • 79951942070 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Optimal charging strategies for unidirectional vehicle-to-grid
    • Mar
    • E. Sortomme and M. A. El-Sharkawi, "Optimal charging strategies for unidirectional vehicle-to-grid," IEEE Trans. Smart Grid, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 131-138, Mar. 2011.
    • (2011) IEEE Trans. Smart Grid , vol.2 , Issue.1 , pp. 131-138
    • Sortomme, E.1    El-Sharkawi, M.A.2
  • 92
    • 80155137691 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gaining vehicle-to-grid benefits with unidirectional electric and plug-in hybrid vehicle chargers
    • M. A. Fasugba and P. T. Krein, "Gaining vehicle-to-grid benefits with unidirectional electric and plug-in hybrid vehicle chargers," in Proc. IEEE Veh. Power Propulsion Conf., 2011, pp. 1-6.
    • (2011) Proc. IEEE Veh. Power Propulsion Conf. , pp. 1-6
    • Fasugba, M.A.1    Krein, P.T.2
  • 93
    • 81855211029 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Review of high power isolated bi-directional DC-DC converters for PHEV/EV DC charging infrastructure
    • Y. Du, S. Lukic, B. Jacobson, and A. Huang, "Review of high power isolated bi-directional DC-DC converters for PHEV/EV DC charging infrastructure," in Proc. IEEE Energy Convers. Congr., 2011, pp. 553-560.
    • (2011) Proc. IEEE Energy Convers. Congr. , pp. 553-560
    • Du, Y.1    Lukic, S.2    Jacobson, B.3    Huang, A.4
  • 94
    • 80155134901 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A single stage integrated bidirectional AC/DC and DC/DC converter for plug-in hybrid electric vehicles
    • H. Chen, X. Wang, and A. Khaligh, "A single stage integrated bidirectional AC/DC and DC/DC converter for plug-in hybrid electric vehicles," in Proc. IEEE Veh. Power Propulsion Conf., 2011, pp. 1-6.
    • (2011) Proc. IEEE Veh. Power Propulsion Conf. , pp. 1-6
    • Chen, H.1    Wang, X.2    Khaligh, A.3
  • 97
    • 81855190628 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cost benefits and vehicle-to-grid regulation services of unidirectional charging of electric vehicles
    • M. A. Fasugba and P. T. Krein, "Cost benefits and vehicle-to-grid regulation services of unidirectional charging of electric vehicles," in Proc. IEEE Energy Convers. Congr., 2011, pp. 827-834.
    • (2011) Proc. IEEE Energy Convers. Congr. , pp. 827-834
    • Fasugba, M.A.1    Krein, P.T.2
  • 98
    • 79951946113 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PG&E and Tesla motors: Vehicle to grid demonstration and evaluation program
    • Dec
    • A. Brooks and S. H. Thesen, "PG&E and Tesla motors: Vehicle to grid demonstration and evaluation program," in Proc. Elect. Veh. Symp., Dec. 2007, pp. 1-10.
    • (2007) Proc. Elect. Veh. Symp. , pp. 1-10
    • Brooks, A.1    Thesen, S.H.2
  • 99
    • 65549087164 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of battery weight and charging patterns on the economic and environmental benefits of plug-in hybrid vehicles
    • C. N. Shiau, C. Samaras, R. Hauffe, and J. J. Michalek, "Impact of battery weight and charging patterns on the economic and environmental benefits of plug-in hybrid vehicles," Energy Policy, vol. 37, pp. 2653-2663, 2009.
    • (2009) Energy Policy , vol.37 , pp. 2653-2663
    • Shiau, C.N.1    Samaras, C.2    Hauffe, R.3    Michalek, J.J.4
  • 100
    • 79955883711 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plug-in hybrid electric vehicle impacts on hourly electricity demand in the United States
    • C. Weiller, "Plug-in hybrid electric vehicle impacts on hourly electricity demand in the United States," Energy Policy, vol. 39, pp. 3766-3778, 2011.
    • (2011) Energy Policy , vol.39 , pp. 3766-3778
    • Weiller, C.1
  • 103
    • 77957324124 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On integration of Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles into existing power system structures
    • Nov
    • M. D. Galus, M. Zima, and G. Andersson, "On integration of Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles into existing power system structures," Energy Policy, vol. 38, no. 11, pp. 6736-6745, Nov. 2010.
    • (2010) Energy Policy , vol.38 , Issue.11 , pp. 6736-6745
    • Galus, M.D.1    Zima, M.2    Andersson, G.3
  • 106
    • 79955528751 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electric energy and power consumption by light duty plug-in electric vehicles
    • May
    • D. Wu, D. C. Aliprantis, and K. Gkritza, "Electric energy and power consumption by light duty plug-in electric vehicles," IEEE Trans. Power Syst., vol. 26, no. 2, pp. 738-746, May 2011.
    • (2011) IEEE Trans. Power Syst. , vol.26 , Issue.2 , pp. 738-746
    • Wu, D.1    Aliprantis, D.C.2    Gkritza, K.3
  • 108
    • 84857640800 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Flexible charging optimization for electric vehicles considering distribution grid constraints
    • Mar
    • O. Sundström and C. Binding, "Flexible charging optimization for electric vehicles considering distribution grid constraints," IEEE Trans. Smart Grid, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 26-37, Mar. 2012.
    • (2012) IEEE Trans. Smart Grid , vol.3 , Issue.1 , pp. 26-37
    • Sundström, O.1    Binding, C.2
  • 109
    • 84860855807 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Southern California Edison. [Online]
    • Southern California Edison. Rate Information - Residential Rates Electric Vehicles. (2011). [Online]. Available: http://www.sce.com/ CustomerService/ rates/residential/electricvehicles.htm
    • (2011) Rate Information - Residential Rates Electric Vehicles
  • 110
    • 84879114983 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • [Online]
    • DTE Energy Plug-in Electric Vehicle Rates. (2010). [Online]. Available: http://www.dteenergy.com/residentialCustomers/products Programs/ electricVehicles/pevRates.html
    • (2010) DTE Energy Plug-in Electric Vehicle Rates
  • 112
    • 79957658479 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modelling the impacts of electric vehicle recharging on the Western Australian electricity supply system
    • May
    • J. Mullan, D. Harries, T. Braunl, and S. Whitely, "Modelling the impacts of electric vehicle recharging on the Western Australian electricity supply system," Energy Policy, vol. 39, pp. 4349-4359, May 2011.
    • (2011) Energy Policy , vol.39 , pp. 4349-4359
    • Mullan, J.1    Harries, D.2    Braunl, T.3    Whitely, S.4
  • 113
    • 84868530290 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Smart charging strategies for electric vehicles: Enhancing grid performance andmaximizing the use of variable renewable energy resources
    • May
    • J. A. P. Lopes, F. J. Soares, P. M. Almeida, and M. M. Silva, "Smart charging strategies for electric vehicles: Enhancing grid performance andmaximizing the use of variable renewable energy resources," in Proc. EVS24 Int. Battery, Hybrid Fuel Cell EV Symp., May 2009, pp. 1-11.
    • (2009) Proc. EVS24 Int. Battery, Hybrid Fuel Cell EV Symp. , pp. 1-11
    • Lopes, J.A.P.1    Soares, F.J.2    Almeida, P.M.3    Silva, M.M.4
  • 114
    • 84870535113 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Speed bumps ahead for electric-vehicle charging
    • [Online]
    • P. Fairley, (2010), "Speed bumps ahead for electric-vehicle charging," IEEE Spectrum [Online]. Available: http://spectrum.ieee.org/ greentech/ advanced-cars/speed-bumps-ahead-for-electricvehicle-charging
    • (2010) IEEE Spectrum
    • Fairley, P.1
  • 115
    • 84939534802 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • European electricity industry views on charging electric vehicles
    • Apr
    • "European electricity industry views on charging electric vehicles," A EURELECTRIC Position Paper, Apr. 2011.
    • (2011) A EURELECTRIC Position Paper
  • 117
    • 84857651627 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Implementation of vehicle to grid infrastructure using fuzzy logic controller
    • Mar
    • M. Singh, P. Kumar, and I. Kar, "Implementation of vehicle to grid infrastructure using fuzzy logic controller," IEEE Trans. Smart Grid, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 565-577, Mar. 2012.
    • (2012) IEEE Trans. Smart Grid , vol.3 , Issue.1 , pp. 565-577
    • Singh, M.1    Kumar, P.2    Kar, I.3
  • 119
    • 85015957781 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Integration of electric vehicles in the electric power system
    • Jan
    • J. A. P. Lopes, F. J. Soares, and P. M. R. Almeida, "Integration of electric vehicles in the electric power system," Proc. IEEE, vol. 99, no. 1, pp. 168-183, Jan. 2011.
    • (2011) Proc. IEEE , vol.99 , Issue.1 , pp. 168-183
    • Lopes, J.A.P.1    Soares, F.J.2    Almeida, P.M.R.3
  • 120
    • 84857646485 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An optimized EV charging model considering TOU price and SOC curve
    • Mar
    • Y. Cao, S. Tang, C. Li, P. Zhang, Y. Tan, Z. Zhang, and J. Li, "An optimized EV charging model considering TOU price and SOC curve," IEEE Trans. Smart Grid, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 388-393, Mar. 2012.
    • (2012) IEEE Trans. Smart Grid , vol.3 , Issue.1 , pp. 388-393
    • Cao, Y.1    Tang, S.2    Li, C.3    Zhang, P.4    Tan, Y.5    Zhang, Z.6    Li, J.7
  • 123
    • 79960889715 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Optimal charge control of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles in deregulated electricity markets
    • Aug
    • N. Rotering and M. Ilic, "Optimal charge control of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles in deregulated electricity markets," IEEE Trans. Power Syst., vol. 26, no. 3, pp. 1021-1029, Aug. 2011.
    • (2011) IEEE Trans. Power Syst. , vol.26 , Issue.3 , pp. 1021-1029
    • Rotering, N.1    Ilic, M.2
  • 125
    • 84857657128 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coordinating vehicle-to-grid services with energy trading
    • Mar
    • A. T. Al-Awami and E. Sortomme, "Coordinating vehicle-to-grid services with energy trading," IEEE Trans. Smart Grid, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 453-462, Mar. 2012.
    • (2012) IEEE Trans. Smart Grid , vol.3 , Issue.1 , pp. 453-462
    • Al-Awami, A.T.1    Sortomme, E.2
  • 126
    • 77957309348 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cost and emissions impacts of plug-in hybrid vehicles on the Ohio power system
    • R. Sioshansi, R. Fagiani, and V. Marano, "Cost and emissions impacts of plug-in hybrid vehicles on the Ohio power system," Energy Policy, vol. 38, pp. 6703-6712, 2010.
    • (2010) Energy Policy , vol.38 , pp. 6703-6712
    • Sioshansi, R.1    Fagiani, R.2    Marano, V.3
  • 127
    • 0029209458 scopus 로고
    • A systems approach to battery powered vehicles
    • R. Doctors, "A systems approach to battery powered vehicles," in Proc. Battery Conf. Appl. Adv., 1995, pp. 117-122.
    • (1995) Proc. Battery Conf. Appl. Adv. , pp. 117-122
    • Doctors, R.1
  • 128
    • 80155206724 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Optimization of battery charging and purchasing at electric vehicle battery swap station
    • O. Worley and D. Klobjan, "Optimization of battery charging and purchasing at electric vehicle battery swap station," in Proc. IEEE Veh. Power Propulsion Conf., 2010, pp. 1-4.
    • (2010) Proc. IEEE Veh. Power Propulsion Conf. , pp. 1-4
    • Worley, O.1    Klobjan, D.2
  • 129
    • 84879098199 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The reality of electric vehicles and the grid
    • Jan./Feb
    • C. D. Waldron and P. Kobylarek, "The reality of electric vehicles and the grid," Electric Light & Power, vol. 89, no. 1, pp. 54-56, Jan./Feb. 2011.
    • (2011) Electric Light & Power , vol.89 , Issue.1 , pp. 54-56
    • Waldron, C.D.1    Kobylarek, P.2
  • 130
    • 84857651992 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Optimized bidding of a EV aggregation agent in the electricity market
    • Mar
    • R. J. Bessa, M. A. Matos, F. J. Soares, and J. A. P. Lopes, "Optimized bidding of a EV aggregation agent in the electricity market," IEEE Trans. Smart Grid, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 443-452, Mar. 2012.
    • (2012) IEEE Trans. Smart Grid , vol.3 , Issue.1 , pp. 443-452
    • Bessa, R.J.1    Matos, M.A.2    Soares, F.J.3    Lopes, J.A.P.4
  • 131
    • 84860261138 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Economic and technical management of an aggregation agent for electric vehicles: A literature survey
    • [Online]
    • R. J. Bessa and M. A. Matos, (2011). "Economic and technical management of an aggregation agent for electric vehicles: A literature survey," Eur. Trans. Elect. Power [Online]. Available: http:// onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/etep.565/abstract
    • (2011) Eur. Trans. Elect. Power
    • Bessa, R.J.1    Matos, M.A.2
  • 132
    • 84862514440 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transient stability analysis of SMES for smart grid with vehicle-to-grid operation
    • Mar
    • D. Wu, K. T. Chau, C. Liu, S. Gao, and F. Li, "Transient stability analysis of SMES for smart grid with vehicle-to-grid operation," IEEE Trans. Smart Grid, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 1-4, Mar. 2012.
    • (2012) IEEE Trans. Smart Grid , vol.3 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-4
    • Wu, D.1    Chau, K.T.2    Liu, C.3    Gao, S.4    Li, F.5
  • 133
    • 79551567334 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Optimal charging of electric drive vehicles in a market environment
    • T. K. Kristoffersen, K. Capion, and P. Meibom, "Optimal charging of electric drive vehicles in a market environment," Appl. Energy, vol. 88, pp. 1940-1948, 2011.
    • (2011) Appl. Energy , vol.88 , pp. 1940-1948
    • Kristoffersen, T.K.1    Capion, K.2    Meibom, P.3
  • 134
    • 84857654703 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Load scheduling and dispatch for aggregators of plug-in electric vehicles
    • Mar
    • D. Wu, D. C. Aliprantis, and L. Ying, "Load scheduling and dispatch for aggregators of plug-in electric vehicles," IEEE Trans. Smart Grid, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 368-376, Mar. 2012.
    • (2012) IEEE Trans. Smart Grid , vol.3 , Issue.1 , pp. 368-376
    • Wu, D.1    Aliprantis, D.C.2    Ying, L.3
  • 135
    • 84857649450 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vehicle-to-aggregator interaction game
    • Mar
    • C. Wu, H. Mohsenian-Rad, and J. Huang, "Vehicle-to-aggregator interaction game," IEEE Trans. Smart Grid, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 434-442, Mar. 2012.
    • (2012) IEEE Trans. Smart Grid , vol.3 , Issue.1 , pp. 434-442
    • Wu, C.1    Mohsenian-Rad, H.2    Huang, J.3
  • 136
    • 77955677013 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of an optimal vehicleto-grid aggregator for frequency regulation
    • Jun
    • S. Han, S. Han, and K. Sezaki, "Development of an optimal vehicleto-grid aggregator for frequency regulation," IEEE Trans. Smart Grid, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 65-72, Jun. 2010.
    • (2010) IEEE Trans. Smart Grid , vol.1 , Issue.1 , pp. 65-72
    • Han, S.1    Han, S.2    Sezaki, K.3
  • 137
    • 78650323389 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Integration of vehicle-to-grid in the western Danish power system
    • Jan
    • J. R. Pillai and B. Bak-Jensen, "Integration of vehicle-to-grid in the western Danish power system," IEEE Trans. Sustainable Energy, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 12-19, Jan. 2011.
    • (2011) IEEE Trans. Sustainable Energy , vol.2 , Issue.1 , pp. 12-19
    • Pillai, J.R.1    Bak-Jensen, B.2
  • 138
    • 84879117353 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MOBIE. (May). [Online]
    • MOBIE. (2011, May). [Online]. Available: http://www.mobie.pt
    • (2011)
  • 139
    • 65549107472 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Integrating private transport into renewable energy policy: The strategy of creating intelligent recharging grids for electric vehicles
    • Jul
    • P. H. Andersen, J. A. Mathews, and M. Raska, "Integrating private transport into renewable energy policy: The strategy of creating intelligent recharging grids for electric vehicles," Energy Policy, vol. 37, no. 7, pp. 2481-2486, Jul. 2009.
    • (2009) Energy Policy , vol.37 , Issue.7 , pp. 2481-2486
    • Andersen, P.H.1    Mathews, J.A.2    Raska, M.3
  • 141
    • 79952144526 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Net air emissions from electric vehicles: The effect of carbon price and charging strategies
    • S. Peterson, J. Whitacre, and J. Apt, "Net air emissions from electric vehicles: The effect of carbon price and charging strategies," Environ. Sci. Tech., vol. 45, pp. 1792-1797, 2011.
    • (2011) Environ. Sci. Tech. , vol.45 , pp. 1792-1797
    • Peterson, S.1    Whitacre, J.2    Apt, J.3
  • 142
    • 65549095977 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Greenhouse gas implications of using coal for transportation: Life cycle assessment of coal-to-liquids, plug-in hybrids, and hydrogen pathways
    • P. Jamarillo, C. Samaras, H. Wakeley, and K. Meiserling, "Greenhouse gas implications of using coal for transportation: Life cycle assessment of coal-to-liquids, plug-in hybrids, and hydrogen pathways," Energy Policy, vol. 37, pp. 2689-2695, 2009.
    • (2009) Energy Policy , vol.37 , pp. 2689-2695
    • Jamarillo, P.1    Samaras, C.2    Wakeley, H.3    Meiserling, K.4
  • 143
    • 84879095329 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparing life cycle GHG emissions from coal-to-liquids and plug-in hybrids
    • P. Jaramillo and C. Samaras, "Comparing life cycle GHG emissions from coal-to-liquids and plug-in hybrids," CEIC Working Paper 07-04, 2007.
    • (2007) CEIC Working Paper 07-04
    • Jaramillo, P.1    Samaras, C.2
  • 144
    • 77951295196 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anticipating plug-in hybrid vehicle energy impacts in California: Constructing consumer-informed recharge profiles
    • J. Axsen and K. S. Kurani, "Anticipating plug-in hybrid vehicle energy impacts in California: Constructing consumer-informed recharge profiles," Transp. Res. Part D: Trans. Environ., vol. 15, no. 4, pp. 212-219, 2010.
    • (2010) Transp. Res. Part D: Trans. Environ. , vol.15 , Issue.4 , pp. 212-219
    • Axsen, J.1    Kurani, K.S.2
  • 145
    • 79952071384 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PHEV GHG impacts in California: Integrating consumer-informed recharge profiles with an electricity-dispatch model
    • J. Axsen, K. S. Kurani, R. McCarthy, and C. Yang, "PHEV GHG impacts in California: Integrating consumer-informed recharge profiles with an electricity-dispatch model," Energy Policy, vol. 39, no. 3, pp. 1617-1629, 2011.
    • (2011) Energy Policy , vol.39 , Issue.3 , pp. 1617-1629
    • Axsen, J.1    Kurani, K.S.2    McCarthy, R.3    Yang, C.4
  • 146
    • 77950918141 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emissions impacts of plug-in hybrid electric vehicle deployment on the U.S. western grid
    • K. H. Jansen, T. M. Brown, and G. S. Samuelsen, "Emissions impacts of plug-in hybrid electric vehicle deployment on the U.S. western grid," J. Power Sources, vol. 195, no. 16, pp. 5409-5416, 2010.
    • (2010) J. Power Sources , vol.195 , Issue.16 , pp. 5409-5416
    • Jansen, K.H.1    Brown, T.M.2    Samuelsen, G.S.3
  • 147
    • 59249104979 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • E-check:Adirtyword in Ohio's clean air debate
    • T. A. Stewart, "E-check:Adirtyword in Ohio's clean air debate," Capital Univ. Law Rev., vol. 29, pp. 338-341, 2001.
    • (2001) Capital Univ. Law Rev. , vol.29 , pp. 338-341
    • Stewart, T.A.1
  • 148
    • 79751527295 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Using vehicle-to-grid technology for frequency regulation and peak-load reduction
    • C. D. White and K. M. Zhang, "Using vehicle-to-grid technology for frequency regulation and peak-load reduction," J. Power Sources, vol. 196, no. 8, pp. 3972-3980, 2011.
    • (2011) J. Power Sources , vol.196 , Issue.8 , pp. 3972-3980
    • White, C.D.1    Zhang, K.M.2
  • 151
    • 74949096808 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identifying management procedures to deal with connection of electric vehicles in the grid
    • J. P. Lopes, F. Soares, and P. R. Almeida, "Identifying management procedures to deal with connection of electric vehicles in the grid," in Proc. IEEE Power Tech., 2009, pp. 1-8.
    • (2009) Proc. IEEE Power Tech. , pp. 1-8
    • Lopes, J.P.1    Soares, F.2    Almeida, P.R.3
  • 152
    • 28244460605 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Union for the Coordination of Transmission of Electricity, Brussels, Belgium
    • Operation Handbook, Union for the Coordination of Transmission of Electricity, Brussels, Belgium, 2008.
    • (2008) Operation Handbook
  • 156
    • 33751088715 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Driving the solution: The plug-in hybrid vehicle
    • fall
    • L. Sanna, "Driving the solution: The plug-in hybrid vehicle," Electr. Power Res. Inst. J., vol. fall, pp. 8-17, 2005.
    • (2005) Electr. Power Res. Inst. J. , pp. 8-17
    • Sanna, L.1
  • 159
    • 84870884217 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ORNL study shows hybrid effect on power distribution
    • Oak Ridge National Lab. Oak Ridge, TN, Mar
    • L. M. Brass, "ORNL Study Shows Hybrid Effect on Power Distribution, News Release, Oak Ridge National Lab., Oak Ridge, TN, Mar. 2008.
    • (2008) News Release
    • Brass, L.M.1
  • 160
    • 0034077806 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electric-drive vehicles for peak power in Japan
    • W. Kempton and T. Kubo, "Electric-drive vehicles for peak power in Japan," Energy Policy, vol. 28, pp. 9-18, 2000.
    • (2000) Energy Policy , vol.28 , pp. 9-18
    • Kempton, W.1    Kubo, T.2
  • 161
    • 57949116238 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Solar-to-vehicle (S2V) systems for powering commuters of the future
    • D. P. Birnie, "Solar-to-vehicle (S2V) systems for powering commuters of the future," J. Power Sources, vol. 186, pp. 539-542, 2009.
    • (2009) J. Power Sources , vol.186 , pp. 539-542
    • Birnie, D.P.1
  • 162
    • 78650937810 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Disturbance detection in grid-connected distributed generation system using wavelet and S-transform
    • K. R. Prakash, R. M. Soumya, and N. Kishor, "Disturbance detection in grid-connected distributed generation system using wavelet and S-transform," Electr. Power Syst. Res., vol. 81, pp. 805-819, 2011.
    • (2011) Electr. Power Syst. Res. , vol.81 , pp. 805-819
    • Prakash, K.R.1    Soumya, R.M.2    Kishor, N.3
  • 163
    • 84857644522 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Autonomous distributed V2G (vehicle-to-grid) satisfying scheduled charging
    • Mar
    • Y. Ota, H. Taniguchi, T. Nakajima, K. M. Liyanage, J. Baba, and A. Yokoyama, "Autonomous distributed V2G (vehicle-to-grid) satisfying scheduled charging," IEEE Trans. Smart Grid, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 559-564, Mar. 2012.
    • (2012) IEEE Trans. Smart Grid , vol.3 , Issue.1 , pp. 559-564
    • Ota, Y.1    Taniguchi, H.2    Nakajima, T.3    Liyanage, K.M.4    Baba, J.5    Yokoyama, A.6
  • 164
    • 77956412150 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Integration of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles in a regional wind-thermal power system
    • Jun
    • L. Goransson, S. Karlsson, and F. Johnsson, "Integration of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles in a regional wind-thermal power system," Energy Policy, vol. 38, no. 10, pp. 5482-5492, Jun. 2010.
    • (2010) Energy Policy , vol.38 , Issue.10 , pp. 5482-5492
    • Goransson, L.1    Karlsson, S.2    Johnsson, F.3
  • 165
    • 79957659439 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of plugin hybrid electric vehicles on power systems with demand response and wind power
    • Mar
    • J. Wang, C. Liu, D. Ton, Y. Zhou, J. Kim, and A. Vyas, "Impact of plugin hybrid electric vehicles on power systems with demand response and wind power," Energy Policy, vol. 39, no. 7, pp. 4016-4021, Mar. 2011.
    • (2011) Energy Policy , vol.39 , Issue.7 , pp. 4016-4021
    • Wang, J.1    Liu, C.2    Ton, D.3    Zhou, Y.4    Kim, J.5    Vyas, A.6
  • 166
    • 79951952705 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coordinated charging of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles to minimize distribution system losses
    • Mar
    • E. Sortomme, M. Hindi, S. MacPherson, and S. Venkata, "Coordinated charging of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles to minimize distribution system losses," IEEE Trans. Smart Grid, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 198-205, Mar. 2011.
    • (2011) IEEE Trans. Smart Grid , vol.2 , Issue.1 , pp. 198-205
    • Sortomme, E.1    Hindi, M.2    MacPherson, S.3    Venkata, S.4
  • 170
    • 79951959231 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of Li-ion batteries for intelligent management of distributed gridconnected storage
    • Mar
    • J. D. Dogger, B. Roossien, and F. D. J. Nieuwenhout, " Characterization of Li-ion batteries for intelligent management of distributed gridconnected storage," IEEE Trans. Energy Convers., vol. 26, no. 1, pp. 256-263, Mar. 2011.
    • (2011) IEEE Trans. Energy Convers. , vol.26 , Issue.1 , pp. 256-263
    • Dogger, J.D.1    Roossien, B.2    Nieuwenhout, F.D.J.3
  • 172
    • 84857654105 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An evaluation of state-ofcharge limitations and actuation signal energy content on plug-in hybrid electric vehicle, vehicle-to-grid reliability, and economics
    • Mar
    • C. Quinn, D. Zimmerle, and T. H. Bradley, "An evaluation of state-ofcharge limitations and actuation signal energy content on plug-in hybrid electric vehicle, vehicle-to-grid reliability, and economics," IEEE Trans. Smart Grid, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 483-491, Mar. 2012.
    • (2012) IEEE Trans. Smart Grid , vol.3 , Issue.1 , pp. 483-491
    • Quinn, C.1    Zimmerle, D.2    Bradley, T.H.3
  • 174
    • 74249105936 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lithium-ion battery cell degradation resulting from realistic vehicle and vehicle-to-grid utilization
    • Nov
    • S. Petersona, J. Apt, and J. Whitacrea, "Lithium-ion battery cell degradation resulting from realistic vehicle and vehicle-to-grid utilization," J. Power Sources, vol. 195, pp. 2385-2392, Nov. 2010.
    • (2010) J. Power Sources , vol.195 , pp. 2385-2392
    • Petersona, S.1    Apt, J.2    Whitacrea, J.3
  • 175
    • 84857654272 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An economic analysis of used electric vehicle batteries integrated into commercial building microgrids
    • Mar
    • S. Beer, T. Gómez, D. Dallinger, I. Momber, C. Marnay, M. Stadler, and J. Lai, "An economic analysis of used electric vehicle batteries integrated into commercial building microgrids," IEEE Trans. Smart Grid, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 517-525, Mar. 2012.
    • (2012) IEEE Trans. Smart Grid , vol.3 , Issue.1 , pp. 517-525
    • Beer, S.1    Gómez, T.2    Dallinger, D.3    Momber, I.4    Marnay, C.5    Stadler, M.6    Lai, J.7
  • 176
    • 79955786759 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of electric vehicle battery charging on distribution transformers
    • M. J. Ruthrford and V. Yousefzadeh, "The impact of electric vehicle battery charging on distribution transformers," in Proc. IEEE Appl. Power Electron. Conf., 2011, pp. 396-400.
    • (2011) Proc. IEEE Appl. Power Electron. Conf. , pp. 396-400
    • Ruthrford, M.J.1    Yousefzadeh, V.2
  • 177
    • 84860844304 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electric vehicle model for estimating distribution transformer load for normal and cold-load pickup conditions
    • Jan
    • C. Desbiens, "Electric vehicle model for estimating distribution transformer load for normal and cold-load pickup conditions," in Proc. Rec. IEEE Power Energy Syst. Innovative Smart Grid Tech. Conf., Jan. 2012.
    • (2012) Proc. Rec. IEEE Power Energy Syst. Innovative Smart Grid Tech. Conf.
    • Desbiens, C.1
  • 179
    • 84857658838 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spatial and temporal model of electric vehicle charging demand
    • Mar
    • S. Bae and A. Kwasinski, "Spatial and temporal model of electric vehicle charging demand," IEEE Trans. Smart Grid, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 394-403, Mar. 2012.
    • (2012) IEEE Trans. Smart Grid , vol.3 , Issue.1 , pp. 394-403
    • Bae, S.1    Kwasinski, A.2
  • 180
    • 77954136145 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rapid-charge electric vehicle stations
    • Jun
    • M. Etezadi-Amoli, K. Choma, and J. Stefani, "Rapid-charge electric vehicle stations," IEEE Trans. Power Del., vol. 25, no. 3, pp. 1883-1887, Jun. 2010.
    • (2010) IEEE Trans. Power Del. , vol.25 , Issue.3 , pp. 1883-1887
    • Etezadi-Amoli, M.1    Choma, K.2    Stefani, J.3
  • 181
    • 78649538411 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles on distribution networks: A review and outlook
    • Jul
    • R. C. Green, L. Wang, and M. Alam, "The Impact of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles on distribution networks: A review and outlook," in Proc. IEEE Power Energy Soc. Gen. Meeting, Jul. 2010, pp. 1-8.
    • (2010) Proc. IEEE Power Energy Soc. Gen. Meeting , pp. 1-8
    • Green, R.C.1    Wang, L.2    Alam, M.3
  • 186
    • 84857642900 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Study of PEV charging on residential distribution transformer life
    • Mar
    • Q. Gong, S. M. Mohler, V. Marano, and G. Rizzoni, "Study of PEV charging on residential distribution transformer life," IEEE Trans. Smart Grid, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 404-412, Mar. 2012.
    • (2012) IEEE Trans. Smart Grid , vol.3 , Issue.1 , pp. 404-412
    • Gong, Q.1    Mohler, S.M.2    Marano, V.3    Rizzoni, G.4
  • 187
  • 190
    • 84857658162 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Grid integration of electric vehicles and demand response with customer choice
    • Mar
    • S. Shao, M. Pipattanasomporn, and S. Rahman, "Grid integration of electric vehicles and demand response with customer choice," IEEE Trans. Smart Grid, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 543-550, Mar. 2012.
    • (2012) IEEE Trans. Smart Grid , vol.3 , Issue.1 , pp. 543-550
    • Shao, S.1    Pipattanasomporn, M.2    Rahman, S.3
  • 191
    • 71849096533 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Potential impacts of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles on regional power generation
    • Dec
    • S. W. Hadley and A. Tsvetkova, "Potential impacts of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles on regional power generation," J. Electr., vol. 22, no. 10, pp. 56-68, Dec. 2009.
    • (2009) J. Electr. , vol.22 , Issue.10 , pp. 56-68
    • Hadley, S.W.1    Tsvetkova, A.2
  • 192
    • 78349233533 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of transport electrification on electrical networks
    • Dec
    • K. J. Dyke, N. Schofield, and M. Barnes, "The impact of transport electrification on electrical networks," IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 57, no. 12, pp. 3917-3926, Dec. 2010.
    • (2010) IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron. , vol.57 , Issue.12 , pp. 3917-3926
    • Dyke, K.J.1    Schofield, N.2    Barnes, M.3
  • 193
    • 80052070344 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Real-time coordination of plug-in electric vehicle charging in smart grids to minimize power losses and improve voltage profile
    • Sep
    • A. S. Masoum, P. S. Moses, and M. A. S. Masoum, "Real-time coordination of plug-in electric vehicle charging in smart grids to minimize power losses and improve voltage profile," IEEE Trans. Smart Grid, vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 456-467, Sep. 2011.
    • (2011) IEEE Trans. Smart Grid , vol.2 , Issue.3 , pp. 456-467
    • Masoum, A.S.1    Moses, P.S.2    Masoum, M.A.S.3
  • 194
    • 56749186543 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Decentralized coordination strategies for the vehicle routing problem
    • M. Vasirani and S. Ossowski, "Decentralized coordination strategies for the vehicle routing problem," in Proc. Annu. ACM Symp. Appl. Comput., 2008, pp. 130-131.
    • (2008) Proc. Annu. ACM Symp. Appl. Comput. , pp. 130-131
    • Vasirani, M.1    Ossowski, S.2
  • 195
    • 84869389041 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Incentive-based coordinated charging control of plug-in electric vehicles at the distribution-transformer level
    • Jun
    • R. Hermans, M. Almassalkhi, and I. A. Hiskens, "Incentive-based coordinated charging control of plug-in electric vehicles at the distribution-transformer level," in Proc. Am. Control Conf., Jun. 2012, pp. 1-6.
    • (2012) Proc. Am. Control Conf. , pp. 1-6
    • Hermans, R.1    Almassalkhi, M.2    Hiskens, I.A.3
  • 198
    • 78650348029 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modeling the deployment of plug-in hybrid and electric vehicles and their effects on the Australian National Electricity Market
    • Sep
    • L. Wagner and L. Reedman, "Modeling the deployment of plug-in hybrid and electric vehicles and their effects on the Australian National Electricity Market," in Proc. IEEE Innovative Technol. Efficient Reliable Electr. Supply Conf., Sep. 2010, pp. 165-170.
    • (2010) Proc. IEEE Innovative Technol. Efficient Reliable Electr. Supply Conf. , pp. 165-170
    • Wagner, L.1    Reedman, L.2
  • 200
    • 84862922117 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An approximate dynamic programming approach for coordinated charging control at vehicle-to-grid aggregator
    • Oct
    • J. Xu and V. W. S. Wong, "An approximate dynamic programming approach for coordinated charging control at vehicle-to-grid aggregator," in Proc. IEEE Smart Grid Commun., Oct. 2011, pp. 279-284.
    • (2011) Proc. IEEE Smart Grid Commun. , pp. 279-284
    • Xu, J.1    Wong, V.W.S.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.