My place is not your place – different place brand knowledge by different target groups

Journal of Place Management and Development

Volumn 6, Issue 1, 2013, Pages 6-17

  Zenker, Sebastian ^a   Beckmann, Suzanne C ^b  

^a ERASMUS UNIVERSITY ROTTERDAM   (Netherlands)

^b Department of International Economics and Management   (Denmark)

Author keywords

Brand knowledge; Brand perception; Brands; City brands; Germany; Marketing; Network analysis; Place brand management; Place branding; Target groups

Indexed keywords

EID: 84878891515     PISSN: 17538335     EISSN: 17538343     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1108/17538331311306078     Document Type: Article

References (37)

1. Anholt, S. (2007), Competitive Identity – The New Brand Management for Nations, Cities and Regions, Palgrave Macmillan, New York, NY.
2. Anholt, S. and Hildreth, J. (2005), “Let freedom and cash registers ring: America as a brand”, Journal of Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, Vol. 1 No. 2, pp. 164-72.
3. Avraham, E. (2004), “Media strategies for improving an unfavorable city image”, Cities, Vol. 21 No. 6, pp. 471-9.
4. Braun, E. (2008), City Marketing: Towards an Integrated Approach, Erasmus Research Institute of Management (ERIM), Rotterdam.
5. Braun, E. (2012), “Putting city branding into practice”, Journal of Brand Management, Vol. 19, pp. 257-67.
6. Farsky, M. and Völckner, F. (2008), “Entwicklung und empirische Anwendung eines neuen Instrumentes zur Imagemessung am Beispiel von Universitäten (“Development and implementation of a measurement tool for brand image with the example of universities”)”, Die Betriebswirtschaft (DBW), Vol. 68 No. 6, pp. 706-28.
7. Federal Statistical Office of Berlin-Brandenburg (2009), Berlin in Zahlen 2009 (Berlin in Numbers 2009), Federal Statistical Office of Berlin-Brandenburg, Berlin.
8. Federal Statistical Office of Hamburg and Schleswig-Holstein (2011), Statistisches Jahrbuch 2010/2011 (Annual Statistical Report 2010/2011), Federal Statistical Office of Hamburg and Schleswig-Holstein, Hamburg.
9. Florida, R. (2004), The Rise of the Creative Class, Basic Books, New York, NY.
10. Florida, R. (2005), Cities and the Creative Class, Routledge, New York, NY.
11. Florida, R. (2008), Who's Your City – How the Creative Economy is Making Where to Live the Most Important Decision of Your Life, Basic Books, New York, NY.
12. Freire, J.R. (2009), “Local people: a critical dimension for place brands”, Journal of Brand Management, Vol. 16 No. 7, pp. 420-38.
13. Gertner, D. (2011), “A (tentative) meta-analysis of the ‘place marketing’ and ‘place branding’ literature”, Journal of Brand Management, Vol. 19 No. 2, pp. 112-31.
14. Grunert, K.G. and Grunert, S.C. (2005), “Measuring subjective meaning structures by the laddering method: theoretical considerations and methodological problems”, International Journal of Research in Marketing, Vol. 12 No. 3, pp. 209-26.
15. Hamburg Marketing GmbH (2009), Discover Hamburg – The City on The Waterfront, Hamburg Marketing GmbH, Hamburg.
16. Hankinson, G. (2004), “Relational network brands: towards a conceptual model of place brands”, Journal of Vacation Marketing, Vol. 10 No. 2, pp. 109-21.
17. Hankinson, G. (2005), “Destination brand images: a business tourism perspective”, Journal of Services Marketing, Vol. 19 No. 1, pp. 24-32.
18. Hansen, H.K. and Niedomysl, T. (2009), “Migration of the creative class: evidence from Sweden”, Journal of Economic Geography, Vol. 9 No. 2, pp. 191-206.
19. Henderson, G., Iacobucci, D. and Calder, B.J. (2002), “Using network analysis to understand brands”, Advances in Consumer Research, Vol. 29 No. 1, pp. 397-405.
20. Hogg, M.A. (2003), “Social identity”, in Leary, M.R. and Tangney, J.P. (Eds), Handbook of Self and Identity, Guilford, New York, NY, pp. 462-79.
21. Hoyman, M. and Faricy, C. (2009), “It takes a village – a test of the creative class, social capital, and human capital theories”, Urban Affairs Review, Vol. 44 No. 3, pp. 311-33.
22. Kavaratzis, M. (2008), “From city marketing to city branding: an interdisciplinary analysis with reference to Amsterdam, Budapest and Athens”, PhD thesis, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, Groningen.
23. Kavaratzis, M. and Ashworth, G.J. (2005), “City branding: an effective assertion of identity or a transitory marketing trick?”, Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale Geografie, Vol. 96 No. 5, pp. 506-14.
24. Keller, K.L. (1993), “Conceptualizing, measuring, and managing customer-based brand equity”, Journal of Marketing, Vol. 57 No. 1, pp. 1-22.
25. Keller, K.L. and Lehmann, D.R. (2006), “Brands and branding: research findings and future priorities”, Marketing Science, Vol. 25 No. 6, pp. 740-59.
26. Kent, R.J. and Allen, C.T. (1994), “Competitive interference effects in consumer memory for advertising: the role of brand familiarity”, Journal of Marketing, Vol. 58 No. 3, pp. 97-105.
27. Kotler, P., Haider, D.H. and Rein, I. (1993), Marketing Places: Attracting Investment, Industry, and Tourism to Cities, States, and Nations, The Free Press, New York, NY.
28. Lucarelli, A. and Berg, P.O. (2011), “City branding: a state-of-the-art review of the research domain”, Journal of Place Management and Development, Vol. 4 No. 1, pp. 9-27.
29. Neuendorf, K.A. (2002), The Content Analysis Guidebook, Sage, Thousand Oaks, CA.
30. Oehmke, P. (2010), “Stadtentwicklung: Stadt der Gespenster (“City development: the city of ghosts”)”, Der Spiegel, No. 1, pp. 94-8.
31. Peck, J. (2005), “Struggling with the creative class”, International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, Vol. 29 No. 4, pp. 740-70.
32. Tajfel, H. and Turner, J.C. (1979), “An integrative theory of intergroup conflict”, in Austin, W.G. and Worchel, S. (Eds), The Social Psychology of Intergroup Relations, Brooks Cole, Monterey, CA, pp. 33-57.
33. van de Ven, A.H. (2007), Engaged Scholarship: A Guide for Organizational and Social Research, Oxford University Press, New York, NY.
34. Wansink, B. (2003), “Using laddering to understand and leverage a brand's equity”, Qualitative Market Research: An International Journal, Vol. 6 No. 2, pp. 111-18.
35. Zenker, S. (2009), “Who's your target? The creative class as a target group for place branding”, Journal of Place Management and Development, Vol. 2 No. 1, pp. 23-32.
36. Zenker, S. (2011), “How to catch a city? The concept and measurement of place brands”, Journal of Place Management and Development, Vol. 4 No. 1, pp. 40-52.
37. Zenker, S. and Braun, E. (2010), “Branding a city – a conceptual approach for place branding and place brand management”, paper presented at the 39th European Marketing Academy Conference, Copenhagen, Denmark, 1-4 June, available at: www.placebrand.eu/mediapool/85/857874/data/Zenker_Braun_EMAC2010.pdf (accessed 17 June 2012).