Control of the magnetic state of arrays of ferromagnetic nanoparticles with the aid of the inhomogeneous field of a magnetic-force-microscope probe

Physics of Metals and Metallography

Volumn 110, Issue 7, 2010, Pages 708-734

  Mironov, V L ^a   Fraerman, A A ^a   Gribkov, B A ^a   Ermolayeva, O L ^a   Klimov, A Yu ^a   Gusev, S A ^a   Nefedov, I M ^a   Shereshevskii, I A ^a  

^a INSTITUTE FOR PHYSICS OF MICROSTRUCTURES   (Russian Federation)

Author keywords

Ferromagnetic nanoparticles; Magnetic force microscopy; Micromagnetism

Indexed keywords

FERROMAGNETIC MATERIALS; FERROMAGNETISM; MAGNETIC FORCE MICROSCOPY; MAGNETIZATION REVERSAL; NANOPARTICLES; PROBES;

FERROMAGNETIC NANOPARTICLES; INHOMOGENEOUS FIELDS; MAGNETIC STATE; MICRO MAGNETISMS;

NANOMAGNETICS;

EID: 84875799139     PISSN: 0031918X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1134/S0031918X10130053     Document Type: Article

References (93)

1. C. Chappert, H. Bernas, J. Ferre, et al., "Planar Patterned Magnetic Media Obtained by Ion Irradiation," Science 280, 1919-1922 (1998).
2. M. Albrecht, A. Moser, C. T. Rettner, et al., "Writing of High Density Patterned Perpendicular Media with a Conventional Longitudinal Recording Head," Appl. Phys. Lett. 80, 3409-3411 (2002).
3. M. H. Kryder and R. W. Gustafson, "High Density Perpendicular Recording-Advances, Issues, and Extensibility," J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 287, 449-458 (2005).
4. H. J. Richter, A. Y. Dobin, O. Heinonen, et al., "Recording on Bit Patterned Media at Densities of 1 Tb/in2 and Beyond," IEEE Trans. Magn. 42, 2255-2260 (2006).
5. A. Moser, O. Hellwig, D. Kercher, et al., "Off Track Margin in Bit Patterned Media," Appl. Phys. Lett. 91, 162502 (2007).
6. M. Albrecht, C. T. Rettner, A. Moser, et al., "Recording Performance of High Density Patterned Perpendicular Magnetic Media," Appl. Phys. Lett. 81, 2875-2877 (2002).
7. J. L. Martin, J. Nogues, K. Liu, et al., "Ordered Magnetic Nanostructures: Fabrication and Properties," J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 256, 449-501 (2003)
8. M. Albrecht, S. Anders, T. Thomson, et al., "Thermal Stability and Recording Properties of Sub 100 nm Patterned CoCrPt Perpendicular Media," J. Appl. Phys. 91, 6845-6847 (2002).
9. C. Haginoya, K. Koike, Y. Hirayama, et al., "Thermo magnetic Writing on 29 Gbit/in2 Patterned Magnetic Media," Appl. Phys. Lett. 75, 3159-3161 (1999).
10. R. H. Kodama, "Magnetic Nanoparticles," J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 200, 359-372 (1999).
11. A. M. Alekseev, V. A. Bykov, A. F. Popkov, et al., "Observation of Remanent States of Small Magnetic Particles: Micromagnetic Simulation and Experiment," Pis’ma Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz. 75 (6), 318-322 (2002) [JETP Lett. 75 (6),268-272 (2002)].
12. A. A. Fraerman, S. A. Gusev, L. A. Mazo, et al., "Rect angular Lattices of Permalloy Nanoparticles: Interplay of Single Particle Magnetization Distribution and Interparticle Interaction," Phys. Rev. B: Condens. Matter Mater. Phys. 65, 064424 (2002).
13. S. A. Gusev, E. B. Kluenkov, L. A. Mazo, et al., "C60 Fullerite as a Resist for Nanolithograthy," in Abstracts of IWFAC 97 (St. Petersburg, 1997), p. 96.
14. M. V. Sapozhnikov, A. A. Fraerman, S. N. Vdovichev, et al., "Effect of Ferromagnetic Nanoparticles on the Transport Properties of a GaMnAs Microbridge," Appl. Phys. Lett. 91, 062513 (2007)
15. Y. Martin and H. K. Wickramasinghe, "Magnetic Imaging by "Force Microscopy" with 1000 Å Resolution," Appl. Phys. Lett. 50 (20), 1455-1457 (1987)
16. D. Rugar, H. J. Mamin, P. Guethner, et al., "Magnetic Force Microscopy: General Principles and Application to Longitudinal Recording Media," J. Appl. Phys. 68, 1169-1183 (1990)
17. X. Zhu, P. Grütter, V. Metlushko, et al., "Magnetic Force Microscopy Study of Electron Beam Patterned Soft Permalloy Particles: Technique and Magnetization Behavior," Phys. Rev. B: Condens. Matter Mater. Phys. 66, 024423 (2002)
18. X. Zhu, P. Grütter, V. Metlushko, et al., "Systematic Study of Magnetic Tip Induced Magnetization Reversal of E Beam Patterned Permalloy Particles," J. Appl. Phys. 91, 7340-7342 (2002).
19. M. Kleiber, F. Kümmerlen, M. Löhndorf, et al., "Magnetization Switching of Submicrometer Co Dots Induced by a Magnetic Force Microscope Tip," Phys. Rev. B: Condens. Matter Mater. Phys. 58, 5563-5567 (1998).
20. A. A. Fraerman, B. A. Gribkov, S. A. Gusev, et al., "Observation of MFM Tip Induced Remagnetization Effects in Elliptical Ferromagnetic Nanoparticles," Phys. Low Dimens. Struct. No. 1/2, 117-122 (2004).
21. A. A. Fraerman, L. Belova, B. A. Gribkov, et al., "Magnetic Force Microscopy to Determine Vorticity Direction in Elliptical Co Nanoparticles," Phys. Low Dimens. Struct., No. 1/2, 35-40 (2004).
22. J. Chang, A. A. Fraerman, S. H. Han, et al., "Magnetic Force Microscopy (MFM) Study of Remagnetization Effects in Patterned Ferromagnetic Nanodots," J. Magnetics 10 (2), 58-62 (2005).
23. B. L. Gribkov, V. L. Mironov, N. I. Polushkin, et al., "Study of Processes of Local Remagnetization in Fe-CrNanoparticles," Poverkhnost, No. 5, 19-21 (2006).
24. J. Chang, V. L. Mironov, B. A. Gribkov, et al., "Magnetic State Control of Ferromagnetic Nanodots by Magnetic Force Microscopy Probe," J. Appl. Phys. 100, 104304 (2006).
25. V. L. Mironov and O. L. Ermolaeva, "Interaction of Magnetic Vortex with the Probe Field of a Magnetic Force Microscope," Poverkhnost, No. 8, 37-41 (2007).
26. V. L. Mironov, B. A. Gribkov, A. A. Fraerman, et al., "MFM Probe Control of Magnetic Vortex Chirality in Elliptical Co Nanoparticles," J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 312, 153-157 (2007)
27. J. Chang, H. Yi, H. C. Koo, et al., "Magnetization Reversal of Ferromagnetic Nanoparticles under Inho mogeneous Magnetic Field," J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 309, 272-277 (2007).
28. V. L. Mironov, B. A. Gribkov, A. A. Fraerman, et al., "Transitions between the States with Uniform and Vortex Distributions of Magnetization in Ferromagnetic Nanoparticles under the Action of an Inhomogeneous Magnetic Field," Izv. RAN, Ser. Fiz. 71 (1), 53-56 (2007) [Bull. Russ. Acad. Sci.: Phys. 71 (1), 48-51 (2007)].
29. V. L. Mironov, O. L. Ermolaeva, and A. A. Fraerman, "Effect of the Probe Field in a Magnetic Force Micro scope on the Magnetization Distribution in Samples," Izv. RAN, Ser. Fiz. 72 (11), 1558-1561 (2008) [Bull. Russ. Acad. Sci.: Phys. 72 (11), 1475-1478 (2008)].
30. V. L. Mironov and A. A. Fraerman, "Interaction of a Magnetic Vortex with Non Homogeneous Magnetic Field of MFM Probe," in Electromagnetic, Magneto static, and Exchange Interaction Vortices in Confined Magnetic Structures (Research Signpost, 2008).
31. V. L. Mironov, B. A. Gribkov, S. N. Vdovichev, et al., "Magnetic Force Microscope Tip Induced Remagnetization of CoPt Nanodiscs with Perpendicular Anisot ropy," J. Appl. Phys. 106, 053911 (2009).
32. S. Porthum, L. Abelmann, and C. Lodder, "Magnetic Force Microscopy of Thin Film Media for High Density Magnetic Recording," J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 182, 238-273 (1998)
33. P. C. D. Hobbs, D. W. Abraham, and H. K. Wickra masinghe, "Magnetic Force Microscopy with 25 nm Resolution," Appl. Phys. Lett. 55, 2357-2359 (1989).
34. U. Hartmann, "Analysis of Bloch Wall Fine Structures by Magnetic Force Microscopy," Phys. Rev. B: Con dens. Matter 40 (10), 7421-7424 (1989)
35. D. Rugar, H. J. Mamin, R. Erlandsson, et al., "Force Microscope Using a Fiber Optic Displacement Sensor," Rev. Sci. Instr. 59, 2337-2340 (1988).
36. W. Alters, A. Schwarz, U. D. Schwarz, et al., "A Scanning Force Microscope with Atomic Resolution in Ultrahigh Vacuum and at Low Temperatures," Rev. Sci. Instr. 69, 221-225 (1998).
37. H. Edwards, L. Taylor, W. Duncan, et al., "Fast, High Resolution Atomic Force Microscopy Using a Quartz Tuning Fork as Actuator and Sensor," J. Appl. Phys. 82 (3), 980-984 (1997).
38. M. Todorovic and S. Schultz, "Magnetic Force Microscopy Using Nonoptical Piezoelectric Quartz Tuning Fork Detection Design with Applications to Magnetic Recording Studies," J. Appl. Phys. 83 (11), 6229-6231 (1998).
39. T. R. Albrecht, S. Akamine, T. E. Carver, et al., "Micro fabrication of Cantilever Styli for the Atomic Force Microscope," J. Vac. Sci. Techn. A 8, 3386-3396 (1990).
40. G. Meyer and N. M. Amer, "Novel Optical Approach to Atomic Force Microscopy," Appl. Phys. Lett. 53, 1045-1047 (1988)
41. S. Alexander, L. Hellemans, O. Marti, et al., "An Atomic Resolution Atomic Force Microscope Implemented Using an Optical Lever," J. Appl. Phys. 65, 164-167 (1989).
42. K. L. Babcock, V. B. Elings, J. Shi, et al., "Field Dependence of Microscopic Probes in Magnetic Force Microscopy," Appl. Phys. Lett. 69 (5), 705-707 (1996).
43. M. R. Koblischka, U. Hartmann, and T. Sulzbach, "Improvements of the Lateral Resolution of the MFM Technique," Thin Solid Films 428, 93-97 (2003).
44. G. N. Phillips, M. Siekman, L. Abelmann, et al., "High Resolution Magnetic Force Microscopy Using Focused Ion Beam Modified Tips," Appl. Phys. Lett. 81 (5), 865-867 (2002).
45. D. Litvinov, S. Sakhrat Khizroeva, "Orientation Sensitive Magnetic Force Microscopy for Future Probe Storage Applications," Appl. Phys. Lett. 81 (10), 1878-1880 (2002).
46. L. Gao, L. P. Yue, T. Yokota, et al., "Focused Ion Beam Milled CoPt Magnetic Force Microscopy Tips for High Resolution Domain Images," IEEE Trans. Magn. 40 (4), 2194-2196 (2004).
47. Z. Deng, E. Yenilmez, J. Leu, et al., "Metal Coated Carbon Nanotube Tips for Magnetic Force Micros copy," Appl. Phys. Lett. 85 (25), 6263-6265 (2004).
48. N. Yoshida, T. Arte, S. Akita, et al., "Improvement of MFM Tips Using Fe Alloy Capped Carbon Nanotubes," Physica B 323, 149-150 (2002).
49. H. Kuramochi, T. Uzumaki, M. Yasutake, et al., "A Magnetic Force Microscope Using CoFe Coated Carbon Nanotube Probes," Nanotecnology 16, 24-27 (2005).
50. A. Winkler, T. Muhl, S. Menzel, et al., "Magnetic Force Microscopy Sensors Using Iron Filled Carbon Nano tubes," J. Appl. Phys. 99, 104905 (2006).
51. T. Arie, N. Yoshida, S. Akita, et al., "Quantitative Analysis of the Magnetic Properties of a Carbon Nanotube Probe in Magnetic Force Microscopy," J. Physics D: Appl. Phys. 34, L43-L45 (2001).
52. T. Arie, H. Nishijima, S. Akita, et al., "Carbon Nanotube Probe," Sci. Techn. 18 (1), 104-106 (2000).
53. P. F. Hopkins, J. Moreland, S. S. Malhotra, et al., "Superparamagnetic Magnetic Force Microscopy Tips," J. Appl. Phys. 79 (8), 6448-6450 (1996).
54. D. V. Ovchinnikov and A. A. Bukharaev, "Computer Simulation of Magnetic Force Microscopy Images with a Static Model of Magnetization Distribution and Dipole-Dipole Interaction," Zh. Tekhn. Fiz. 71 (8), 85-91 (2001) [Techn. Phys. 46 (8), 1014-1419 (2001)].
55. Th. Kebe and A. Carl, "Calibration of Magnetic Force Microscopy Tips by Using Nanoscale Current Carry ing Parallel Wires," J. Appl. Phys. 95 (3), 775-792 (2004).
56. J. Lohau, S. Kirsch, A. Carl, et al., "Quantitative Determination of Effective Dipole and Monopole Moments of Magnetic Force Microscopy Tips," J. Appl. Phys. 86 (6), 3410-3417 (1999).
57. A. V. Goryachev and A. F. Popkov, "Calibration Parameters for the Probing Tip of a Magnetic Force Micro scope in the Field of a Test Current Loop," Zh. Tekhn. Fiz. 76 (9), 115-120 (2006) [Techn. Phys. 51 (9), 1223-1228 (2006)].
58. A. V. Purii, A. S. Baturin, E. P. Sheshin, and P. V. Sherstnev, "Quantitative Calibration of Cantilever of a Mag netic Force Microscope Using Wire with a Current," Nano Mikrosistem. Tekh., No. 7, 70-74 (2007).
59. V. L. Mironov and O. L. Ermolaeva, "Optimization of Parameters of the Probe of a Magnetic Force Micro scope for Studying Arrays of Supersmall Ferromagnetic Nanoparticles: Analysis of the Amplitude of Phase Contrast," Nano Mikrosistem. Tekh., No. 6, 12-16 (2009).
60. U. Hartmann, "Point Dipole Approximation in Magnetic Force Microscopy," Phys. Lett. A 137, 475-478 (1989).
61. J. M. Garcia Martin, A. Thiaville, J. Miltat, et al., "Imaging Magnetic Vortices by Magnetic Force Microscopy: Experiments and Modeling," J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 37, 965-972 (2004).
62. T. Pokhil, D. Song, J. Nowak, "Spin Vortex States and Hysteretic Properties of Submicron Size NiFe Elements," J. Appl. Phys. 87, 6319-6321 (2000).
63. M. Demand, M. Hehn, K. Ounadjela, and R. L. Stamps, "Magnetic Domain Structures in Arrays of Submicron Co Dots Studied with Magnetic Force Microscopy," J. Appl. Phys. 87, 5111-5113 (2000).
64. W. F. Brown, Micromagnetics Wiley-Interscience, New York, 1963; Nauka, Moscow, (1979).
65. K. Shigeto, T. Okuno, K. Mibu, et al., "Magnetic Force Microscopy Observation of Antivortex Core with Perpendicular Magnetization in Patterned Thin Film of Permalloy," Appl. Phys. Lett. 80, 4190-4193 (2002)
66. T. Okuno, K. Mibu, and T. Shinjo, "Two Types of Mag netic Vortex Cores in Elliptical Permalloy Dots," J. Appl. Phys. 95, 3612-3617 (2004).
67. P. E. Roy, J. H. Lee, T. Trypiniotis, et al., "Antivortex Domain Walls Observed in Permalloy Rings Via Mag netic Force Microscopy," Phys. Rev. B: Condens. Mat ter Mater. Phys. 79, 060407 (2007).
68. B. A. Gribkov, V. L. Mironov, N. I. Polushkin, et al., "Study of the Processes of Local Remagnetization in Fe-Cr Nanoparticles," Poverkhnost, No. 5, 19-21 (2006).
69. Yu. K. Verevkin, V. K. Petryakov, and N. I. Polushkin, "Characteristics of YBaCuO Successive Chains of Josephson Transformations on Bicrystal Substrate," Pis’ma Zh. Tekh. Fiz. 24, 12-13 (1998)
70. N. I. Polushkin, K. V. Rao, J. Wittborn, et al., "Visualization of Small Magnetic Entities by Nonmagnetic Probes of Atomic Force Microscope," J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 258-259, 29-31 (2003).
71. S. N. Vdovichev, A. Yu. Klimov, Yu. N. Nozdrin, and V. V. Rogov, "Edge Type Josephson Junctions with Silicon Nitride Spacer" Pis’ma Zh. Tekh. Fiz. 30 (5), 42-56 (2004) [Tech. Phys. Lett. 30 (5), 374-376 (2004)].
72. S. N. Vdovichev, B. A. Gribkov, S. A. Gusev, et al., "Properties of Josephson Junctions in the Inhomoge neous Magnetic Field of a System of Ferromagnetic Particles," Pis’ma Zh.Eksp. Teor. Fiz. 80 (10), 758-762 (2004) [JETP Lett. 80 (10), 651-654 (2004)].
73. A. Y. Aladyshkin, A. A. Fraerman, S. A. Gusev, et al., "Influence of Ferromagnetic Nanoparticles on the Critical Current of Josephson Junction," J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 258-259, 406-408 (2003).
74. J. Suh, J. Chang, E. K. Kim, et al., "Magnetotransport Properties of GaMnAs with Ferromagnetic Nanodots," Phys. Status Solidi A 205 (5), 1043-1046 (2007).
75. T. Okuno, K. Shigeto, T. Ono, et al., "MFM Study of Magnetic Vortex Cores in Circular Permalloy Dots: Behavior in External Field," J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 240, 1-6 (2002).
76. J. K. Ha, R. Hertel, and J. Kirschner, "Micromagnetic Study of Magnetic Configurations in Submicron Permalloy Disks," Phys. Rev. B: Condens. Matter Mater. Phys. 67, 224432 (2003).
77. K. L. Metlov and Y. Lee, "Map of States for Thin Circular Nanocylinders," Appl. Phys. Lett. 92, 112506 (2008).
78. A. Fernandez, M. R. Gibbons, M. A. Wall, et al., "Magnetic Domain Structure and Magnetization Reversal in Submicron Scale Co Dots," J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 190, 71-80 (1998).
79. A. Fernandez and C. J. Cerjan, "Nucleation and Anni hilation of Magnetic Vortices in Submicron Scale Co Dots," J. Appl. Phys. 87, 1395-1401 (2000).
80. C. Chappert, H. Bernas, and J. V. Ferre, et al., "Irradiation Planar Patterned Magnetic Media Obtained by Ion Irradiation," Science 280, 1919 (1998).
81. J. X. Shen, R. D. Kirby, K. Wierman, et al., "The Fluctuation Field of Ferromagnetic Materials," J. Appl. Phys. 73, 6418 (1993).
82. A. Aktag, S. Michalski, L. Yue, et al., "Formation of an Anisotropy Lattice in Co/Pt Multilayers by Direct Laser Interference Patterning," J. Appl. Phys. 99, 093901 (2006).
83. E. C. Stoner and E. P. Wohlfarth, "A Mechanism of Magnetic Hysteresis in Heterogeneous Alloys," Philos. Trans. Royal Soc. (London), A 240, 599-642 (1948).
84. S. Okamoto, T. Kato, N. Kikuchi, et al., "Energy Bar rier and Reversal Mechanism in Co/Pt Multilayer Nanodot," J. Appl. Phys. 103, 07C501 (2008).
85. G. Ni, T. Thomson, S. T. Rettner, et al., "Magnetiza tion Reversal in Co/Pd Nanostructures and Films," J. Appl. Phys. 97, 10J702 (2005)
86. N. Kikuchi, S. Okamoto, O. Kitakami, et al., "Sensi tive Detection of Irreversible Switching in a Single FePt Nanosized Dot," Appl. Phys. Lett. 82, 4313-4315 (2003).
87. K. Mitsuzuka, N. Kikuchi, T. Shimatsu, et al., "Switching Field and Thermal Stability of CoPt/Ru Dot Arrays with Various Thicknesses," IEEE Trans. Magn. 43, 2160-2162 (2007).
88. V. L. Mironov, O. L. Ermolaeva, S. A. Gusev, et al., "Antivortex State in Crosslike Nanomagnets," Phys. Rev. B, 81, 094436 (2010).
89. S. Gliga, M. Yan, R. Hertel, et al., "Ultrafast Dynamics of a Magnetic Antivortex: Micromagnetic Simula tions," Phys. Rev. B: Condens. Matter Mater. Phys. 77, 060 404 (2008).
90. S. Gliga, R. Hertel, and C. M. Schneider, "Switching a Magnetic Antivortex Core with Ultrashort Field Pulses," J. Appl. Phys. 103, 07B115 (2008).
91. H. Wang and C. E. Campbell, "Spin Dynamics of a Magnetic Antivortex: Micromagnetic Simulations," Phys. Rev. B: Condens. Matter Mater. Phys. 76, 220407 (2007).
92. A. Drews, B. Krüger, G. Meier, et al., "Current and Field Driven Magnetic Antivortices for Nonvolatile Data Storage," Appl. Phys. Lett. 94, 062504 (2009).
93. A. Neubauer, C. Pfleiderer, B. Binz, et al., "Topological Hall Effect in the A Phase of MnSi," Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 186602 (2009).