Role of complement and perspectives for intervention in transplantation

Immunobiology

Volumn 218, Issue 5, 2013, Pages 817-827

  Chen, Gang ^a,b,c   Chen, Song ^a,b,c   Chen, Xiaoping ^a,b,c  

^a HUAZHONG UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY   (China)

^b BEIJING UNIVERSITY OF POSTS AND TELECOMMUNICATIONS   (China)

^c BEIJING HOSPITAL   (China)

Author keywords

Accommodation; Antibody mediated rejection; Complement; Complement inhibitor; Renal transplantation

Indexed keywords

COBROTOXIN; COMPLEMENT; COMPLEMENT COMPONENT C1S INHIBITOR; COMPLEMENT COMPONENT C3B RECEPTOR; COMPLEMENT INHIBITOR; COMPSTATIN; ECULIZUMAB; IMMUNOGLOBULIN; SMALL INTERFERING RNA; SOLUBLE COMPLEMENT RECEPTOR 1; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; VACCINIA VIRUS COMPLEMENT CONTROL PROTEIN;

ACUTE ANTIBODY MEDIATED REJCTION; ACUTE ANTIBODY MEDIATED REJECTION; ACUTE GRAFT REJECTION; ACUTE KIDNEY FAILURE; CELL MEDIATED REJECTION; COMPLEMENT CLASSICAL PATHWAY; DISEASE CONTROL; DRUG EFFECT; DRUG HALF LIFE; DRUG MECHANISM; GLOMERULONEPHRITIS; GRAFT ACCOMMODATION; GRAFT DYSFUNCTION; GRAFT REJECTION; HEMOLYTIC UREMIC SYNDROME; HUMAN; KIDNEY DISEASE; KIDNEY ISCHEMIA; KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION; NONHUMAN; PAROXYSMAL NOCTURNAL HEMOGLOBINURIA; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN DETERMINATION; PROTEIN FUNCTION; RECURRENT DISEASE; REPERFUSION INJURY; REVIEW; THROMBOTIC THROMBOCYTOPENIC PURPURA; TRANSPLANTATION;

EID: 84875636502     PISSN: 01712985     EISSN: 18783279     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2012.09.002     Document Type: Review

References (151)

1. Al-Akash S.I., Almond P.S., Savell V.H., Gharaybeh S.I., Hogue C. Eculizumab induces long-term remission in recurrent post-transplant HUS associated with C3 gene mutation. Pediatr. Nephrol. 2011, 26:613-619.
2. Al-Mohanna F., Parhar R., Kotwal G.J. Vaccinia virus complement control protein is capable of protecting xenoendothelial cells from antibody binding and killing by human complement and cytotoxic cells. Transplantation 2001, 71:796-801.
3. Albrecht E.A., Chinnaiyan A.M., Varambally S., Kumar-Sinha C., Barrette T.R., Sarma J.V., Ward P.A. C5a-induced gene expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Am. J. Pathol. 2004, 164:849-859.
4. Anderson J.B., Smith S.A., Kotwal G.J. Vaccinia virus complement control protein inhibits hyperacute xenorejection. Transplant. Proc. 2002, 34:1083-1085.
5. Anderson J.B., Smith S.A., van Wijk R., Chien S., Kotwal G.J. Vaccinia virus complement control protein ameliorates hyperacute xenorejection by inhibiting xenoantibody binding. Transplant. Proc. 2002, 34:3277-3281.
6. Anderson J.B., Smith S.A., van Wijk R., Chien S., Kotwal G.J. Vaccinia virus complement control protein inhibits hyperacute xenorejection in a guinea pig-to-rat heterotopic cervical cardiac xenograft model by blocking both xenoantibody binding and complement pathway activation. Transpl. Immunol. 2003, 11:129-135.
7. Arumugam T.V., Shiels I.A., Strachan A.J., Abbenante G., Fairlie D.P., Taylor S.M. A small molecule C5a receptor antagonist protects kidneys from ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats. Kidney Int. 2003, 63:134-142.
8. Atkinson C., He S., Morris K., Qiao F., Casey S., Goddard M., Tomlinson S. Targeted complement inhibitors protect against posttransplant cardiac ischemia and reperfusion injury and reveal an important role for the alternative pathway of complement activation. J. Immunol. 2010, 185:7007-7013.
9. Auchincloss H., Sachs D.H. Xenogeneic transplantation. Annu. Rev. Immunol. 1998, 16:433-470.
10. Azimzadeh A., Zorn G.L., Blair K.S., Zhang J.P., Pfeiffer S., Harrison R.A., Cozzi E., White D.J., Pierson R.N. Hyperacute lung rejection in the pig-to-human model 2. Synergy between soluble and membrane complement inhibition. Xenotransplantation 2003, 10:120-131.
11. Bannett A.D., McAlack R.F., Morris M., Chopek M.W., Platt J.L. ABO incompatible renal transplantation: a qualitative analysis of native endothelial tissue ABO antigens after transplantation. Transplant. Proc. 1989, 21:783-785.
12. Basta M., Van Goor F., Luccioli S., Billings E.M., Vortmeyer A.O., Baranyi L., Szebeni J., Alving C.R., Carroll M.C., Berkower I., Stojilkovic S.S., Metcalfe D.D. F(ab)'2-mediated neutralization of C3a and C5a anaphylatoxins: a novel effector function of immunoglobulins. Nat. Med. 2003, 9:431-438.
13. Biglarnia A.R., Nilsson B., Nilsson T., von Zur-Muhlen B., Wagner M., Berne C., Wanders A., Magnusson A., Tufveson G. Prompt reversal of a severe complement activation by eculizumab in a patient undergoing intentional ABO-incompatible pancreas and kidney transplantation. Transpl. Int. 2011, 24:e61-e66.
14. Bock S.C., Skriver K., Nielsen E., Thogersen H.C., Wiman B., Donaldson V.H., Eddy R.L., Marrinan J., Radziejewska E., Huber R., et al. Human C1 inhibitor: primary structure, cDNA cloning, and chromosomal localization. Biochemistry 1986, 25:4292-4301.
15. Bomback A.S., Smith R.J., Barile G.R., Zhang Y., Heher E.C., Herlitz L., Stokes M.B., Markowitz G.S., D'Agati V.D., Canetta P.A., Radhakrishnan J., Appel G.B. Eculizumab for dense deposit disease and C3 glomerulonephritis. Clin. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 2012, 7:748-756.
16. Brodsky S.V., Nadasdy G.M., Pelletier R., Satoskar A., Birmingham D.J., Hadley G.A., Obeidat K., Nadasdy T. Expression of the decay-accelerating factor (CD55) in renal transplants--a possible prediction marker of allograft survival. Transplantation 2009, 88:457-464.
17. Burns J.M., Cornell L.D., Perry D.K., Pollinger H.S., Gloor J.M., Kremers W.K., Gandhi M.J., Dean P.G., Stegall M.D. Alloantibody levels and acute humoral rejection early after positive crossmatch kidney transplantation. Am. J. Transplant. 2008, 8:2684-2694.
18. Busche M.N., Pavlov V., Takahashi K., Stahl G.L. Myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury is dependent on both IgM and mannose-binding lectin. Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. 2009, 297:H1853-H1859.
19. Candinas D., Lesnikoski B.A., Robson S.C., Miyatake T., Scesney S.M., Marsh H.C., Ryan U.S., Dalmasso A.P., Hancock W.W., Bach F.H. Effect of repetitive high-dose treatment with soluble complement receptor type 1 and cobra venom factor on discordant xenograft survival. Transplantation 1996, 62:336-342.
20. Candinas D., Lesnikoski B.A., Robson S.C., Scesney S.M., Otsu I., Myiatake T., Marsh H.C., Ryan U.S., Hancock W.W., Bach F.H. Soluble complement receptor type 1 and cobra venom factor in discordant xenotransplantation. Transplant. Proc. 1996, 28:581.
21. Carroll M.C. The role of complement and complement receptors in induction and regulation of immunity. Annu. Rev. Immunol. 1998, 16:545-568.
22. Castellano G., Melchiorre R., Loverre A., Ditonno P., Montinaro V., Rossini M., Divella C., Battaglia M., Lucarelli G., Annunziata G., Palazzo S., Selvaggi F.P., Staffieri F., Crovace A., Daha M.R., Mannesse M., van Wetering S., Paolo Schena F., Grandaliano G. Therapeutic targeting of classical and lectin pathways of complement protects from ischemia-reperfusion-induced renal damage. Am. J. Pathol. 2010, 176:1648-1659.
23. Cecka J.M. The UNOS scientific renal transplant registry - 2000. Clin. Transpl. 2000, 1-18.
24. Chatelet V., Lobbedez T., Fremeaux-Bacchi V., Ficheux M., Ryckelynck J.P., Hurault de Ligny B. Eculizumab: safety and efficacy after 17 months of treatment in a renal transplant patient with recurrent atypical hemolytic-uremic syndrome: case report. Transplant. Proc. 2010, 42:4353-4355.
25. Chen G., Qian H., Starzl T., Sun H., Garcia B., Wang X., Wise Y., Liu Y., Xiang Y., Copeman L., Liu W., Jevnikar A., Wall W., Cooper D.K., Murase N., Dai Y., Wang W., Xiong Y., White D.J., Zhong R. Acute rejection is associated with antibodies to non-Gal antigens in baboons using Gal-knockout pig kidneys. Nat. Med. 2005, 11:1295-1298.
26. Chen G., Sun Q.Y., Wang X.M., Shen S.Q., Guo H., Wang H., Wu Y., Wang W.Y., Xiong Y.L., Chen S. Improved suppression of circulating complement does not block acute vascular rejection of pig-to-rhesus monkey cardiac transplants. Xenotransplantation 2004, 11:123-132.
27. Chen Song, Zhong S., Xiang Y., Li J.H., Guo H., Wang W.Y., Xiong Y.L., Li X.C., Chen Shi S., Chen X.P., Chen G. Complement inhibition enables renal allograft accommodation and long-term engraftment in presensitized nonhuman primates. Am. J. Transplant. 2011, 11:2057-2066.
28. Chen Y., Yang C., Jin N., Xie Z., Tang Y., Fei L., Jia Z., Wu Y. Terminal complement complex C5b-9-treated human monocyte-derived dendritic cells undergo maturation and induce Th1 polarization. Eur. J. Immunol. 2007, 37:167-176.
29. Chopek M.W., Simmons R.L., Platt J.L. ABO-incompatible kidney transplantation: initial immunopathologic evaluation. Transplant. Proc. 1987, 19:4553-4557.
30. Cocchio C., Marzella N. Cinryze, a human plasma-derived C1 esterase inhibitor for prophylaxis of hereditary angioedema. Pharm. Ther. 2009, 34:293-328.
31. Colvin R.B., Smith R.N. Antibody-mediated organ-allograft rejection. Nat. Rev. Immunol. 2005, 5:807-817.
32. Daemen M.A., de Vries B., Buurman W.A. Apoptosis and inflammation in renal reperfusion injury. Transplantation 2002, 73:1693-1700.
33. Damman J., Daha M.R., van Son W.J., Leuvenink H.G., Ploeg R.J., Seelen M.A. Crosstalk between complement and Toll-like receptor activation in relation to donor brain death and renal ischemia-reperfusion injury. Am. J. Transplant. 2011, 11:660-669.
34. Damman J., Hoeger S., Boneschansker L., Theruvath A., Waldherr R., Leuvenink H.G., Ploeg R.J., Yard B.A., Seelen M.A. Targeting complement activation in brain-dead donors improves renal function after transplantation. Transpl. Immunol. 2011, 24:233-237.
35. Davin J.C., Gracchi V., Bouts A., Groothoff J., Strain L., Goodship T. Maintenance of kidney function following treatment with eculizumab and discontinuation of plasma exchange after a third kidney transplant for atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome associated with a CFH mutation. Am. J. Kidney Dis. 2010, 55:708-711.
36. Davis A.E. The pathophysiology of hereditary angioedema. Clin. Immunol. 2005, 114:3-9.
37. de Vries B., Kohl J., Leclercq W.K., Wolfs T.G., van Bijnen A.A., Heeringa P., Buurman W.A. Complement factor C5a mediates renal ischemia-reperfusion injury independent from neutrophils. J. Immunol. 2003, 170:3883-3889.
38. de Vries B., Matthijsen R.A., Wolfs T.G., Van Bijnen A.A., Heeringa P., Buurman W.A. Inhibition of complement factor C5 protects against renal ischemia-reperfusion injury: inhibition of late apoptosis and inflammation. Transplantation 2003, 75:375-382.
39. de Vries B., Walter S.J., Peutz-Kootstra C.J., Wolfs T.G., van Heurn L.W., Buurman W.A. The mannose-binding lectin-pathway is involved in complement activation in the course of renal ischemia-reperfusion injury. Am. J. Pathol. 2004, 165:1677-1688.
40. Delvaeye M., Conway E.M. Coagulation and innate immune responses: can we view them separately?. Blood 2009, 114:2367-2374.
41. Dempsey P.W., Allison M.E., Akkaraju S., Goodnow C.C., Fearon D.T. C3d of complement as a molecular adjuvant: bridging innate and acquired immunity. Science 1996, 271:348-350.
42. Dreja H., Annenkov A., Chernajovsky Y. Soluble complement receptor 1 (CD35) delivered by retrovirally infected syngeneic cells or by naked DNA injection prevents the progression of collagen-induced arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 2000, 43:1698-1709.
43. Eggertsen G., Lind P., Sjoquist J. Molecular characterization of the complement activating protein in the venom of the Indian cobra (Naja N. siamensis). Mol. Immunol. 1981, 18:125-133.
44. Farrar C.A., Zhou W., Lin T., Sacks S.H. Local extravascular pool of C3 is a determinant of postischemic acute renal failure. FASEB J. 2006, 20:217-226.
45. Fiane A.E., Mollnes T.E., Videm V., Hovig T., Hogasen K., Mellbye O.J., Spruce L., Moore W.T., Sahu A., Lambris J.D. Compstatin, a peptide inhibitor of C3, prolongs survival of ex vivo perfused pig xenografts. Xenotransplantation 1999, 6:52-65.
46. Fleming S.D., Shea-Donohue T., Guthridge J.M., Kulik L., Waldschmidt T.J., Gipson M.G., Tsokos G.C., Holers V.M. Mice deficient in complement receptors 1 and 2 lack a tissue injury-inducing subset of the natural antibody repertoire. J. Immunol. 2002, 169:2126-2133.
47. Fryer J.P., Leventhal J.R., Pao W., Stadler C., Jones M., Walsh T., Zhong R., Zhang Z., Wang H., Goodman D.J., Kurek M., d'Apice A.J., Blondin B., Ivancic D., Buckingham F., Kaufman D., Abecassis M., Stuart F., Anderson B.E. Synthetic peptides which inhibit the interaction between C1q and immunoglobulin and prolong xenograft survival. Transplantation 2000, 70:828-836.
48. Ghebremariam Y.T., Engelbrecht G., Tyler M., Lotz Z., Govender D., Kotwal G.J., Kahn D. Vaccinia virus complement control protein (VCP) improves kidney structure and function following ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats. J. Surg. Res. 2010, 159:747-754.
49. Glotz D., Antoine C., Haymann J.P., Julia P., Duboust A., Bariety J. Intravenous immunoglobulins and kidney transplantation in patients with anti-HLA antibodies. Adv. Nephrol. Necker Hosp. 2000, 30:221-233.
50. Gonzalez-Stawinski G.V., Tan C.D., Smedira N.G., Starling R.C., Rodriguez E.R. Decay-accelerating factor expression may provide immunoprotection against antibody-mediated cardiac allograft rejection. J. Heart Lung Transplant. 2008, 27:357-361.
51. Griesemer A.D., Okumi M., Shimizu A., Moran S., Ishikawa Y., Iorio J., Arn J.S., Yamada K. Upregulation of CD59: potential mechanism of accommodation in a large animal model. Transplantation 2009, 87:1308-1317.
52. Hadaya K., Ferrari-Lacraz S., Fumeaux D., Boehlen F., Toso C., Moll S., Martin P.Y., Villard J. Eculizumab in acute recurrence of thrombotic microangiopathy after renal transplantation. Am. J. Transplant. 2011, 11:2523-2527.
53. Heckl-Ostreicher B., Wosnik A., Kirschfink M. Protection of porcine endothelial cells from complement-mediated cytotoxicity by the human complement regulators CD59, C1 inhibitor, and soluble complement receptor type 1. Analysis in a pig-to-human in vitro model relevant to hyperacute xenograft rejection. Transplantation 1996, 62:1693-1696.
54. Hensley P., O'Keefe M.C., Spangler C.J., Osborne J.C., Vogel C.W. The effects of metal ions and temperature on the interaction of cobra venom factor and human complement factor B. J. Biol. Chem. 1986, 261:11038-11044.
55. Hillmen P., Muus P., Duhrsen U., Risitano A.M., Schubert J., Luzzatto L., Schrezenmeier H., Szer J., Brodsky R.A., Hill A., Socie G., Bessler M., Rollins S.A., Bell L., Rother R.P., Young N.S. Effect of the complement inhibitor eculizumab on thromboembolism in patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria. Blood 2007, 110:4123-4128.
56. Hughes P.D., Cohney S.J. Modifiers of complement activation for prevention of antibody-mediated injury to allografts. Curr. Opin. Organ Transplant. 2011, 16:425-433.
57. Inoue N., Murakami Y., Kinoshita T. Molecular genetics of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria. Int. J. Hematol. 2003, 77:107-112.
58. Isaacs S.N., Kotwal G.J., Moss B. Vaccinia virus complement-control protein prevents antibody-dependent complement-enhanced neutralization of infectivity and contributes to virulence. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 1992, 89:628-632.
59. Janssen B.J., Halff E.F., Lambris J.D., Gros P. Structure of compstatin in complex with complement component C3c reveals a new mechanism of complement inhibition. J. Biol. Chem. 2007, 282:29241-29247.
60. Jha P., Smith S.A., Justus D.E., Kotwal G.J. Prolonged retention of vaccinia virus complement control protein following IP injection: implications in blocking xenorejection. Transplant. Proc. 2003, 35:3160-3162.
61. Jiang H., Wagner E., Zhang H., Frank M.M. Complement 1 inhibitor is a regulator of the alternative complement pathway. J. Exp. Med. 2001, 194:1609-1616.
62. Jordan J.E., Montalto M.C., Stahl G.L. Inhibition of mannose-binding lectin reduces postischemic myocardial reperfusion injury. Circulation 2001, 104:1413-1418.
63. Jordan S., Cunningham-Rundles C., McEwan R. Utility of intravenous immune globulin in kidney transplantation: efficacy, safety, and cost implications. Am. J. Transplant. 2003, 3:653-664.
64. Jordan S.C., Toyoda M., Vo A.A. Intravenous immunoglobulin a natural regulator of immunity and inflammation. Transplantation 2009, 88:1-6.
65. Kahn D., Smith S.A., Kotwal G.J. Dose-dependent inhibition of complement in baboons by vaccinia virus complement control protein: implications in xenotransplantation. Transplant. Proc. 2003, 35:1606-1608.
66. Kaminski K.A., Bonda T.A., Korecki J., Musial W.J. Oxidative stress and neutrophil activation - the two keystones of ischemia/reperfusion injury. Int. J. Cardiol. 2002, 86:41-59.
67. Kazatchkine M.D., Kaveri S.V. Immunomodulation of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases with intravenous immune globulin. N. Engl. J. Med. 2001, 345:747-755.
68. Kissmeyer-Nielsen F., Olsen S., Petersen V.P., Fjeldborg O. Hyperacute rejection of kidney allografts, associated with pre-existing humoral antibodies against donor cells. Lancet 1966, 2:662-665.
69. Klepeis J.L., Floudas C.A., Morikis D., Tsokos C.G., Argyropoulos E., Spruce L., Lambris J.D. Integrated computational and experimental approach for lead optimization and design of compstatin variants with improved activity. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2003, 125:8422-8423.
70. Kobayashi T., Taniguchi S., Neethling F.A., Rose A.G., Hancock W.W., Ye Y., Niekrasz M., Kosanke S., Wright L.J., White D.J., Cooper D.K. Delayed xenograft rejection of pig-to-baboon cardiac transplants after cobra venom factor therapy. Transplantation 1997, 64:1255-1261.
71. Koch C.A., Khalpey Z.I., Platt J.L. Accommodation: preventing injury in transplantation and disease. J. Immunol. 2004, 172:5143-5148.
72. Koles K., van Berkel P.H., Pieper F.R., Nuijens J.H., Mannesse M.L., Vliegenthart J.F., Kamerling J.P. N- and O-glycans of recombinant human C1 inhibitor expressed in the milk of transgenic rabbits. Glycobiology 2004, 14:51-64.
73. Kotwal G.J., Isaacs S.N., McKenzie R., Frank M.M., Moss B. Inhibition of the complement cascade by the major secretory protein of vaccinia virus. Science 1990, 250:827-830.
74. Kotwal G.J., Moss B. Vaccinia virus encodes a secretory polypeptide structurally related to complement control proteins. Nature 1988, 335:176-178.
75. Krid S., Roumenina L., Beury D., Charbit M., Boyer O., Fremeaux-Bacchi V., Niaudet P. Renal transplantation under prophylactic eculizumab in atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome with CFH/CFHR1 hybrid protein. Am. J. Transplant. 2012, 12:1938-1944.
76. Kupiec-Weglinski J.W. Graft rejection in sensitized recipients. Ann. Transplant. 1996, 1:34-40.
77. Lewis A.G., Kohl G., Ma Q., Devarajan P., Kohl J. Pharmacological targeting of C5a receptors during organ preservation improves kidney graft survival. Clin. Exp. Immunol. 2008, 153:117-126.
78. Li K., Fazekasova H., Wang N., Peng Q., Sacks S.H., Lombardi G., Zhou W. Functional modulation of human monocytes derived DCs by anaphylatoxins C3a and C5a. Immunobiology 2012, 217:65-73.
79. Liano F., Gallego A., Pascual J., Garcia-Martin F., Teruel J.L., Marcen R., Orofino L., Orte L., Rivera M., Gallego N., et al. Prognosis of acute tubular necrosis: an extended prospectively contrasted study. Nephron 1993, 63:21-31.
80. Lin Y., Soares M.P., Sato K., Csizmadia E., Robson S.C., Smith N., Bach F.H. Long-term survival of hamster hearts in presensitized rats. J. Immunol. 2000, 164:4883-4892.
81. Lin Y., Soares M.P., Sato K., Takigami K., Csizmadia E., Smith N., Bach F.H. Accommodated xenografts survive in the presence of anti-donor antibodies and complement that precipitate rejection of naive xenografts. J. Immunol. 1999, 163:2850-2857.
82. Locke J.E., Magro C.M., Singer A.L., Segev D.L., Haas M., Hillel A.T., King K.E., Kraus E., Lees L.M., Melancon J.K., Stewart Z.A., Warren D.S., Zachary A.A., Montgomery R.A. The use of antibody to complement protein C5 for salvage treatment of severe antibody-mediated rejection. Am. J. Transplant. 2009, 9:231-235.
83. Longhurst H. Rhucin, a recombinant C1 inhibitor for the treatment of hereditary angioedema and cerebral ischemia. Curr. Opin. Investig. Drugs 2008, 9:310-323.
84. Lutz H.U., Stammler P., Jelezarova E., Nater M., Spath P.J. High doses of immunoglobulin G attenuate immune aggregate-mediated complement activation by enhancing physiologic cleavage of C3b in C3bn-IgG complexes. Blood 1996, 88:184-193.
85. Magotti P., Ricklin D., Qu H., Wu Y.Q., Kaznessis Y.N., Lambris J.D. Structure-kinetic relationship analysis of the therapeutic complement inhibitor compstatin. J. Mol. Recognit. 2009, 22:495-505.
86. Makrides S.C. Therapeutic inhibition of the complement system. Pharmacol. Rev. 1998, 50:59-87.
87. Marsh J.E., Farmer C.K., Jurcevic S., Wang Y., Carroll M.C., Sacks S.H. The allogeneic T and B cell response is strongly dependent on complement components C3 and C4. Transplantation 2001, 72:1310-1318.
88. Monsinjon T., Gasque P., Chan P., Ischenko A., Brady J.J., Fontaine M.C. Regulation by complement C3a and C5a anaphylatoxins of cytokine production in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. FASEB J. 2003, 17:1003-1014.
89. Muller-Eberhard H.J., Fjellstrom K.E. Isolation of the anticomplementary protein from cobra venom and its mode of action on C3. J. Immunol. 1971, 107:1666-1672.
90. Murthy K.H., Smith S.A., Ganesh V.K., Judge K.W., Mullin N., Barlow P.N., Ogata C.M., Kotwal G.J. Crystal structure of a complement control protein that regulates both pathways of complement activation and binds heparan sulfate proteoglycans. Cell 2001, 104:301-311.
91. Naesens M., Li L., Ying L., Sansanwal P., Sigdel T.K., Hsieh S.C., Kambham N., Lerut E., Salvatierra O., Butte A.J., Sarwal M.M. Expression of complement components differs between kidney allografts from living and deceased donors. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 2009, 20:1839-1851.
92. Nielsen C.H., Fischer E.M., Leslie R.G. The role of complement in the acquired immune response. Immunology 2000, 100:4-12.
93. Nilsson B., Larsson R., Hong J., Elgue G., Ekdahl K.N., Sahu A., Lambris J.D. Compstatin inhibits complement and cellular activation in whole blood in two models of extracorporeal circulation. Blood 1998, 92:1661-1667.
94. Nurnberger J., Philipp T., Witzke O., Opazo Saez A., Vester U., Baba H.A., Kribben A., Zimmerhackl L.B., Janecke A.R., Nagel M., Kirschfink M. Eculizumab for atypical hemolytic-uremic syndrome. N. Engl. J. Med. 2009, 360:542-544.
95. Nussberger J., Cugno M., Amstutz C., Cicardi M., Pellacani A., Agostoni A. Plasma bradykinin in angio-oedema. Lancet 1998, 351:1693-1697.
96. Patel H., Smith R.A., Sacks S.H., Zhou W. Therapeutic strategy with a membrane-localizing complement regulator to increase the number of usable donor organs after prolonged cold storage. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 2006, 17:1102-1111.
97. Patel R., Terasaki P.I. Significance of the positive crossmatch test in kidney transplantation. N. Engl. J. Med. 1969, 280:735-739.
98. Pavlov V., Raedler H., Yuan S., Leisman S., Kwan W.H., Lalli P.N., Medof M.E., Heeger P.S. Donor deficiency of decay-accelerating factor accelerates murine T cell-mediated cardiac allograft rejection. J. Immunol. 2008, 181:4580-4589.
99. Peng Q., Li K., Anderson K., Farrar C.A., Lu B., Smith R.A., Sacks S.H., Zhou W. Local production and activation of complement up-regulates the allostimulatory function of dendritic cells through C3a-C3aR interaction. Blood 2008, 111:2452-2461.
100. Peng Q., Li K., Sacks S.H., Zhou W. The role of anaphylatoxins C3a and C5a in regulating innate and adaptive immune responses. Inflamm. Allergy Drug Targets 2009, 8:236-246.
101. Piddlesden S.J., Storch M.K., Hibbs M., Freeman A.M., Lassmann H., Morgan B.P. Soluble recombinant complement receptor 1 inhibits inflammation and demyelination in antibody-mediated demyelinating experimental allergic encephalomyelitis. J. Immunol. 1994, 152:5477-5484.
102. Platt J.L., Vercellotti G.M., Dalmasso A.P., Matas A.J., Bolman R.M., Najarian J.S., Bach F.H. Transplantation of discordant xenografts: a review of progress. Immunol. Today 1990, 11:450-456. (discussion 456-457).
103. Pratt J.R., Basheer S.A., Sacks S.H. Local synthesis of complement component C3 regulates acute renal transplant rejection. Nat. Med. 2002, 8:582-587.
104. Pruitt S.K., Kirk A.D., Bollinger R.R., Marsh H.C., Collins B.H., Levin J.L., Mault J.R., Heinle J.S., Ibrahim S., Rudolph A.R., et al. The effect of soluble complement receptor type 1 on hyperacute rejection of porcine xenografts. Transplantation 1994, 57:363-370.
105. Qu H., Magotti P., Ricklin D., Wu E.L., Kourtzelis I., Wu Y.Q., Kaznessis Y.N., Lambris J.D. Novel analogues of the therapeutic complement inhibitor compstatin with significantly improved affinity and potency. Mol. Immunol. 2009, 48:481-489.
106. Qu H., Ricklin D., Lambris J.D. Recent developments in low molecular weight complement inhibitors. Mol. Immunol. 2009, 47:185-195.
107. Ramaglia V., King R.H., Nourallah M., Wolterman R., de Jonge R., Ramkema M., Vigar M.A., van der Wetering S., Morgan B.P., Troost D., Baas F. The membrane attack complex of the complement system is essential for rapid Wallerian degeneration. J. Neurosci. 2007, 27:7663-7672.
108. Ricklin D., Hajishengallis G., Yang K., Lambris J.D. Complement: a key system for immune surveillance and homeostasis. Nat. Immunol. 2010, 11:785-797.
109. Ricklin D., Lambris J.D. Complement-targeted therapeutics. Nat. Biotechnol. 2007, 25:1265-1275.
110. Ricklin D., Lambris J.D. Compstatin: a complement inhibitor on its way to clinical application. Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 2008, 632:273-292.
111. Rother R.P., Rollins S.A., Mojcik C.F., Brodsky R.A., Bell L. Discovery and development of the complement inhibitor eculizumab for the treatment of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria. Nat. Biotechnol. 2007, 25:1256-1264.
112. Saadi S., Holzknecht R.A., Patte C.P., Platt J.L. Endothelial cell activation by pore-forming structures: pivotal role for interleukin-1alpha. Circulation 2000, 101:1867-1873.
113. Saadi S., Holzknecht R.A., Patte C.P., Stern D.M., Platt J.L. Complement-mediated regulation of tissue factor activity in endothelium. J. Exp. Med. 1995, 182:1807-1814.
114. Sahu A., Kay B.K., Lambris J.D. Inhibition of human complement by a C3-binding peptide isolated from a phage-displayed random peptide library. J. Immunol. 1996, 157:884-891.
115. Schwaeble W.J., Lynch N.J., Clark J.E., Marber M., Samani N.J., Ali Y.M., Dudler T., Parent B., Lhotta K., Wallis R., Farrar C.A., Sacks S., Lee H., Zhang M., Iwaki D., Takahashi M., Fujita T., Tedford C.E., Stover C.M. Targeting of mannan-binding lectin-associated serine protease-2 confers protection from myocardial and gastrointestinal ischemia/reperfusion injury. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 2011, 108:7523-7528.
116. Sharma S., Jabeen T., Singh R.K., Bredhorst R., Vogel C.W., Betzel C., Singh T.P. Structural studies on the cobra venom factor: isolation, purification, crystallization and preliminary crystallographic analysis. Acta Crystallogr. D: Biol. Crystallogr. 2001, 57:596-598.
117. Shoskes D.A., Cecka J.M. Deleterious effects of delayed graft function in cadaveric renal transplant recipients independent of acute rejection. Transplantation 1998, 66:1697-1701.
118. Smith S.A., Mullin N.P., Parkinson J., Shchelkunov S.N., Totmenin A.V., Loparev V.N., Srisatjaluk R., Reynolds D.N., Keeling K.L., Justus D.E., Barlow P.N., Kotwal G.J. Conserved surface-exposed K/R-X-K/R motifs and net positive charge on poxvirus complement control proteins serve as putative heparin binding sites and contribute to inhibition of molecular interactions with human endothelial cells: a novel mechanism for evasion of host defense. J. Virol. 2000, 74:5659-5666.
119. Snanoudj R., Beaudreuil S., Arzouk N., de Preneuf H., Durrbach A., Charpentier B. Immunological strategies targeting B cells in organ grafting. Transplantation 2005, 79:S33-S36.
120. Soulika A.M., Khan M.M., Hattori T., Bowen F.W., Richardson B.A., Hack C.E., Sahu A., Edmunds L.H., Lambris J.D. Inhibition of heparin/protamine complex-induced complement activation by Compstatin in baboons. Clin. Immunol. 2000, 96:212-221.
121. Soulika A.M., Morikis D., Sarrias M.R., Roy M., Spruce L.A., Sahu A., Lambris J.D. Studies of structure-activity relations of complement inhibitor compstatin. J. Immunol. 2003, 171:1881-1890.
122. Stegall M.D., Diwan T., Raghavaiah S., Cornell L.D., Burns J., Dean P.G., Cosio F.G., Gandhi M.J., Kremers W., Gloor J.M. Terminal complement inhibition decreases antibody-mediated rejection in sensitized renal transplant recipients. Am. J. Transplant. 2011, 11:2405-2413.
123. Strainic M.G., Liu J., Huang D., An F., Lalli P.N., Muqim N., Shapiro V.S., Dubyak G.R., Heeger P.S., Medof M.E. Locally produced complement fragments C5a and C3a provide both costimulatory and survival signals to naive CD4+ T cells. Immunity 2008, 28:425-435.
124. Sun Q.Y., Chen G., Guo H., Chen S., Wang W.Y., Xiong Y.L. Prolonged cardiac xenograft survival in guinea pig-to-rat model by a highly active cobra venom factor. Toxicon 2003, 42:257-262.
125. Sun Q.Y., Lu Q.M., Wang W.Y., Xiong Y.L. A highly active anticomplement factor from the Venom of Naja kaouthia. Sheng Wu Hua Xue Yu Sheng Wu Wu Li Xue Bao (Shanghai) 2001, 33:483-488.
126. Takahashi H., Hayashi K. Purification and characterization of anticomplement factor (cobra venom factor) from the Naja naja atra venom. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1982, 701:102-110.
127. Tan C.D., Sokos G.G., Pidwell D.J., Smedira N.G., Gonzalez-Stawinski G.V., Taylor D.O., Starling R.C., Rodriguez E.R. Correlation of donor-specific antibodies, complement and its regulators with graft dysfunction in cardiac antibody-mediated rejection. Am. J. Transplant. 2009, 9:2075-2084.
128. Tang S., Zhou W., Sheerin N.S., Vaughan R.W., Sacks S.H. Contribution of renal secreted complement C3 to the circulating pool in humans. J. Immunol. 1999, 162:4336-4341.
129. Taniguchi S., Kobayashi T., Neethling F.A., Ye Y., Niekrasz M., White D.J., Cooper D.K. Cobra venom factor stimulates anti-alpha-galactose antibody production in baboons. Implications for pig-to-human xenotransplantation. Transplantation 1996, 62:678-681.
130. Thurman J.M., Ljubanovic D., Edelstein C.L., Gilkeson G.S., Holers V.M. Lack of a functional alternative complement pathway ameliorates ischemic acute renal failure in mice. J. Immunol. 2003, 170:1517-1523.
131. Tillou X., Poirier N., Le Bas-Bernardet S., Hervouet J., Minault D., Renaudin K., Vistoli F., Karam G., Daha M., Soulillou J.P., Blancho G. Recombinant human C1-inhibitor prevents acute antibody-mediated rejection in alloimmunized baboons. Kidney Int. 2010, 78:152-159.
132. Tjernberg J., Ekdahl K.N., Lambris J.D., Korsgren O., Nilsson B. Acute antibody-mediated complement activation mediates lysis of pancreatic islets cells and may cause tissue loss in clinical islet transplantation. Transplantation 2008, 85:1193-1199.
133. Toyoda M., Zhang X., Petrosian A., Galera O.A., Wang S.J., Jordan S.C. Modulation of immunoglobulin production and cytokine mRNA expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells by intravenous immunoglobulin. J. Clin. Immunol. 1994, 14:178-189.
134. Vieyra M., Leisman S., Raedler H., Kwan W.H., Yang M., Strainic M.G., Medof M.E., Heeger P.S. Complement regulates CD4 T-cell help to CD8 T cells required for murine allograft rejection. Am. J. Pathol. 2011, 179:766-774.
135. Von Zabern I., Przyklenk H., Vogt W. Chain structure of cobra venom factor from Naja naja and Naja haje venom. Scand. J. Immunol. 1982, 15:357-362.
136. Wagenaar-Bos I.G., Hack C.E. Structure and function of C1-inhibitor. Immunol. Allergy Clin. North Am. 2006, 26:615-632.
137. Wang H., Arp J., Liu W., Faas S.J., Jiang J., Gies D.R., Ramcharran S., Garcia B., Zhong R., Rother R.P. Inhibition of terminal complement components in presensitized transplant recipients prevents antibody-mediated rejection leading to long-term graft survival and accommodation. J. Immunol. 2007, 179:4451-4463.
138. Wang N., Lee J.M., Tobiasch E., Csizmadia E., Smith N.R., Gollackes B., Robson S.C., Bach F.H., Lin Y. Induction of xenograft accommodation by modulation of elicited antibody responses1 2. Transplantation 2002, 74:334-345.
139. Weiser M.R., Williams J.P., Moore F.D., Kobzik L., Ma M., Hechtman H.B., Carroll M.C. Reperfusion injury of ischemic skeletal muscle is mediated by natural antibody and complement. J. Exp. Med. 1996, 183:2343-2348.
140. Williams G.M., Hume D.M., Hudson R.P., Morris P.J., Kano K., Milgrom F. "Hyperacute" renal-homograft rejection in man. N. Engl. J. Med. 1968, 279:611-618.
141. Xiang Y., Chen S., Li J.H., Zhong S., Wang W.Y., Xiong Y.L., Chen S., Chen G. The immunogenicity of Yunnan-cobra venom factor in non-human Primates. Zool. Res. 2008, 29:511-517.
142. Yamada K., Miwa T., Liu J., Nangaku M., Song W.C. Critical protection from renal ischemia reperfusion injury by CD55 and CD59. J. Immunol. 2004, 172:3869-3875.
143. Yazdanbakhsh K., Kang S., Tamasauskas D., Sung D., Scaradavou A. Complement receptor 1 inhibitors for prevention of immune-mediated red cell destruction: potential use in transfusion therapy. Blood 2003, 101:5046-5052.
144. Yeh C.G., Marsh H.C., Carson G.R., Berman L., Concino M.F., Scesney S.M., Kuestner R.E., Skibbens R., Donahue K.A., Ip S.H. Recombinant soluble human complement receptor type 1 inhibits inflammation in the reversed passive arthus reaction in rats. J. Immunol. 1991, 146:250-256.
145. Zhang M., Alicot E.M., Chiu I., Li J., Verna N., Vorup-Jensen T., Kessler B., Shimaoka M., Chan R., Friend D., Mahmood U., Weissleder R., Moore F.D., Carroll M.C. Identification of the target self-antigens in reperfusion injury. J. Exp. Med. 2006, 203:141-152.
146. Zhang X., Reed E.F. Effect of antibodies on endothelium. Am. J. Transplant. 2009, 9:2459-2465.
147. Zhang Z.X., Min W.P., Jevnikar A.M. Use of RNA interference to minimize ischemia reperfusion injury. Transplant. Rev. (Orlando) 2012, 26:140-155.
148. Zheng X., Feng B., Chen G., Zhang X., Li M., Sun H., Liu W., Vladau C., Liu R., Jevnikar A.M., Garcia B., Zhong R., Min W.P. Preventing renal ischemia-reperfusion injury using small interfering RNA by targeting complement 3 gene. Am. J. Transplant. 2006, 6:2099-2108.
149. Zheng X., Lian D., Wong A., Bygrave M., Ichim T.E., Khoshniat M., Zhang X., Sun H., De Zordo T., Lacefield J.C., Garcia B., Jevnikar A.M., Min W.P. Novel small interfering RNA-containing solution protecting donor organs in heart transplantation. Circulation 2009, 120:1099-1107. 1091 p following 1107.
150. Zheng X., Zhang X., Feng B., Sun H., Suzuki M., Ichim T., Kubo N., Wong A., Min L.R., Budohn M.E., Garcia B., Jevnikar A.M., Min W.P. Gene silencing of complement C5a receptor using siRNA for preventing ischemia/reperfusion injury. Am. J. Pathol. 2008, 173:973-980.
151. Zhou W., Farrar C.A., Abe K., Pratt J.R., Marsh J.E., Wang Y., Stahl G.L., Sacks S.H. Predominant role for C5b-9 in renal ischemia/reperfusion injury. J. Clin. Invest. 2000, 105:1363-1371.