Immune and genetic mechanisms in COPD: Possible targets for therapeutic interventions

Current Drug Targets

Volumn 14, Issue 2, 2013, Pages 141-148

  Tzortzaki, Eleni G ^a,b   Papi, Alberto ^c   Neofytou, Eirini ^b   Soulitzis, Nikolaos ^b   Siafakas, Nikolaos M ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL OF HERAKLION   (Greece)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CRETE   (Greece)

^c UNIVERSITY OF FERRARA   (Italy)

Author keywords

Adaptive immunity; Chronic inflammation; Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; DNA damage; Epigenetics; Innate immunity; Oxidative stress

Indexed keywords

ALPHA 1 ANTITRYPSIN; ANTIOXIDANT; BAICALIN; CATHEPSIN B; CATHEPSIN G; ERDOSTEINE; GELATINASE B; GLUCOCORTICOID; GLUTATHIONE TRANSFERASE; GRANZYME B; GREEN TEA EXTRACT; INTERLEUKIN 10; INTERLEUKIN 8; INTERSTITIAL COLLAGENASE; MICRORNA; MONOCYTE CHEMOTACTIC PROTEIN 1; MYELOBLASTIN; PERFORIN; POLYPHENOL; QUERCETIN; RESERPINE; RESVERATROL; THIOL; THIONEINE; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA; VASCULOTROPIN;

ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY; APOPTOSIS; CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE LUNG DISEASE; DEACETYLATION; DNA DAMAGE; DNA METHYLATION; EPIGENETICS; GENE MUTATION; GENETIC ASSOCIATION; GENETIC PREDISPOSITION; HUMAN; IMMUNE RESPONSE; INFLAMMATION; INNATE IMMUNITY; LUNG PARENCHYMA; MICROSATELLITE INSTABILITY; OXIDATIVE STRESS; REVIEW; RISK FACTOR; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; SMOKING; SMOKING CESSATION; TELOMERE SHORTENING;

ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY; ANIMALS; APOPTOSIS; EPIGENESIS, GENETIC; GENETIC PREDISPOSITION TO DISEASE; HUMANS; INFLAMMATION; MOLECULAR TARGETED THERAPY; OXIDATIVE STRESS; PULMONARY DISEASE, CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE; RISK FACTORS; SMOKING;

EID: 84873196622     PISSN: 13894501     EISSN: 18735592     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2174/1389450111314020002     Document Type: Review

References (81)

1. GOLD. Global Strategy for the Diagnosis, Management and Prevention of COPD. 2011.
2. Cosio MG, Saetta M, Agusti A. Immunologic aspects of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. N Engl J Med 2009; 360(23): 2445-54.
3. Tzortzaki EG, Siafakas NM. A hypothesis for the initiation of COPD. Eur Respir J 2009; 34(2): 310-5.
4. Nikota JK, Stampfli MR. Cigarette smoke-induced inflammation and respiratory host defense: Insights from animal models. Pulm Pharmacol Ther 2012; 25(4): 257-62.
5. Siafakas NM, Tzortzaki EG. Few smokers develop COPD. Why? Respir Med 2002; 96(8): 615-24.
6. Sitkauskiene B, Serapinas D, Blanco I, Fernandez-Bustillo E, Janciauskiene S, Sakalauskas R. Screening for alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency in Lithuanian patients with COPD. Respir Med 2008; 102(11): 1654-8.
7. Pillai SG, Kong X, Edwards LD, et al. Loci identified by genomewide association studies influence different disease-related phenotypes in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2010; 182(12): 1498-505.
8. Foreman MG, Kong X, DeMeo DL, et al. Polymorphisms in surfactant protein-D are associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2011; 44(3): 316-22.
9. Zhu G, Warren L, Aponte J, et al. The SERPINE2 gene is associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in two large populations. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2007; 176(2): 167-73.
10. Demeo DL, Mariani TJ, Lange C, et al. The SERPINE2 gene is associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Hum Genet 2006; 78(2): 253-64.
11. Hersh CP, Pillai SG, Zhu G, et al. Multistudy fine mapping of chromosome 2q identifies XRCC5 as a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease susceptibility gene. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2010; 182(5): 605-13.
12. Soler Artigas M, Wain LV, Repapi E, et al. Effect of five genetic variants associated with lung function on the risk of chronic obstructive lung disease, and their joint effects on lung function. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2011; 184(7): 786-95.
13. Kong X, Cho MH, Anderson W, et al. Genome-wide association study identifies BICD1 as a susceptibility gene for emphysema. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2011; 183(1): 43-9.
14. Chen CZ, Wang RH, Lee CH, Lin CC, Chang HY, Hsiue TR. Polymorphism of microsomal epoxide hydrolase is associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and bronchodilator response. J Formos Med Assoc 2011; 110(11): 685-9.
15. Hegab AE, Sakamoto T, Saitoh W, et al. Polymorphisms of IL4, IL13, and ADRB2 genes in COPD. Chest 2004; 126(6): 1832-9.
16. Beghe B, Hall IP, Parker SG, et al. Polymorphisms in IL13 pathway genes in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Allergy 2010; 65(4): 474-81.
17. Shukla RK, Kant S, Bhattacharya S, Mittal B. Association of cytokine gene polymorphisms in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Oman Med J 2012; 27(4): 285-90.
18. Rahman I. The role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of COPD: implications for therapy. Treat Respir Med 2005; 4(3): 175-200.
19. Loukides S, Bakakos P, Kostikas K. Oxidative stress in patients with COPD. Curr Drug Targets 2011; 12(4): 469-77.
20. Qiu W, Baccarelli A, Carey VJ, et al. Variable DNA methylation is associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and lung function. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2012; 185(4): 373-81.
21. Seguin RM, Ferrari N. Emerging oligonucleotide therapies for asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2009; 18(10): 1505-17.
22. Faux SP, Tai T, Thorne D, Xu Y, Breheny D, Gaca M. The role of oxidative stress in the biological responses of lung epithelial cells to cigarette smoke. Biomarkers 2009; 14 Suppl 1: 90-6.
23. Wistuba, II, Mao L, Gazdar AF. Smoking molecular damage in bronchial epithelium. Oncogene 2002; 21(48): 7298-306.
24. Chung KF, Marwick JA. Molecular mechanisms of oxidative stress in airways and lungs with reference to asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2010; 1203: 85-91.
25. Avery SV. Molecular targets of oxidative stress. Biochem J 2011; 434(2): 201-10.
26. Boyer JC, Yamada NA, Roques CN, Hatch SB, Riess K, Farber RA. Sequence dependent instability of mononucleotide microsatellites in cultured mismatch repair proficient and deficient mammalian cells. Hum Mol Genet 2002; 11(6): 707-13.
27. Evans MD, Cooke MS. Factors contributing to the outcome of oxidative damage to nucleic acids. Bioessays 2004; 26(5): 533-42.
28. Anderson GP, Bozinovski S. Acquired somatic mutations in the molecular pathogenesis of COPD. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2003; 24(2): 71-6.
29. Spandidos D, Ergazaki M, Hatzistamou J, et al. Microsatellite instability in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Oncol Rep 1996; 3(3): 489-91.
30. Siafakas NM, Tzortzaki EG, Sourvinos G, et al. Microsatellite DNA instability in COPD. Chest 1999; 116(1): 47-51.
31. Paraskakis E, Sourvinos G, Passam F, et al. Microsatellite DNA instability and loss of heterozygosity in bronchial asthma. Eur Respir J 2003; 22(6): 951-5.
32. Zervou MI, Tzortzaki EG, Makris D, et al. Differences in microsatellite DNA level between asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Eur Respir J 2006; 28(3): 472-8.
33. Makris D, Tzanakis N, Damianaki A, et al. Microsatellite DNA instability and COPD exacerbations. Eur Respir J 2008; 32(3): 612-8.
34. Samara KD, Tzortzaki EG, Neofytou E, et al. Somatic DNA alterations in lung epithelial barrier cells in COPD patients. Pulm Pharmacol Ther 2010; 23(3): 208-14.
35. Ito K, Barnes PJ. COPD as a disease of accelerated lung aging. Chest 2009; 135(1): 173-80.
36. Park GY, Christman JW. Is the cellular response to cigarette smoke predictive of the phenotypic variation of COPD? Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2011; 300(6): L809-10.
37. Savale L, Chaouat A, Bastuji-Garin S, et al. Shortened telomeres in circulating leukocytes of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2009; 179(7): 566-71.
38. Provinciali M, Cardelli M, Marchegiani F. Inflammation, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and aging. Curr Opin Pulm Med 2011; 17 Suppl 1: S3-10.
39. Babizhayev MA, Savel'yeva EL, Moskvina SN, Yegorov YE. Telomere length is a biomarker of cumulative oxidative stress, biologic age, and an independent predictor of survival and therapeutic treatment requirement associated with smoking behavior. Am J Ther 2011; 18(6): e209-26.
40. Houben JM, Mercken EM, Ketelslegers HB, et al. Telomere shortening in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Respir Med 2009; 103(2): 230-6.
41. Amsellem V, Gary-Bobo G, Marcos E, et al. Telomere dysfunction causes sustained inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2011; 184(12): 1358-66.
42. Liu F, Killian JK, Yang M, et al. Epigenomic alterations and gene expression profiles in respiratory epithelia exposed to cigarette smoke condensate. Oncogene 2010; 29(25): 3650-64.
43. Yang IV, Schwartz DA. Epigenetic control of gene expression in the lung. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2011; 183(10): 1295-301.
44. Durham A, Chou PC, Kirkham P, Adcock IM. Epigenetics in asthma and other inflammatory lung diseases. Epigenomics 2010; 2(4): 523-37.
45. Pottelberge GR, Mestdagh P, Bracke KR, et al. MicroRNA expression in induced sputum of smokers and patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2011; 183(7): 898-906.
46. Oglesby IK, McElvaney NG, Greene CM. MicroRNAs in inflammatory lung disease--master regulators or target practice? Respir Res 2010; 11: 148.
47. Pagdin T, Lavender P. MicroRNAs in lung diseases. Thorax 2012; 67(2): 183-4.
48. Schembri F, Sridhar S, Perdomo C, et al. MicroRNAs as modulators of smoking-induced gene expression changes in human airway epithelium. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2009; 106(7): 2319-24.
49. Ezzie ME, Crawford M, Cho JH, et al. Gene expression networks in COPD: microRNA and mRNA regulation. Thorax 2012; 67(2): 122-31.
50. Li B, Carey M, Workman JL. The role of chromatin during transcription. Cell 2007; 128(4): 707-19.
51. Adcock IM, Tsaprouni L, Bhavsar P, Ito K. Epigenetic regulation of airway inflammation. Curr Opin Immunol 2007; 19(6): 694-700.
52. Bowman RV, Wright CM, Davidson MR, Francis SM, Yang IA, Fong KM. Epigenomic targets for the treatment of respiratory disease. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2009; 13(6): 625-40.
53. Barnes PJ. Role of HDAC2 in the pathophysiology of COPD. Annu Rev Physiol 2009; 71: 451-64.
54. Barnes PJ. Histone deacetylase-2 and airway disease. Ther Adv Respir Dis 2009; 3(5): 235-43.
55. Ito K, Ito M, Elliott WM, et al. Decreased histone deacetylase activity in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. N Engl J Med 2005; 352(19): 1967-76.
56. Ito K, Lim S, Caramori G, Chung KF, Barnes PJ, Adcock IM. Cigarette smoking reduces histone deacetylase 2 expression, enhances cytokine expression, and inhibits glucocorticoid actions in alveolar macrophages. FASEB J 2001; 15(6): 1110-2.
57. Szulakowski P, Crowther AJ, Jimenez LA, et al. The effect of smoking on the transcriptional regulation of lung inflammation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2006; 174(1): 41-50.
58. Bhavsar P, Ahmad T, Adcock IM. The role of histone deacetylases in asthma and allergic diseases. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2008; 121(3): 580-4.
59. Mroz RM, Noparlik J, Chyczewska E, Braszko JJ, Holownia A. Molecular basis of chronic inflammation in lung diseases: new therapeutic approach. J Physiol Pharmacol 2007; 58 Suppl 5(Pt 2): 453-60.
60. Mroz RM, Holownia A, Chyczewska E, Braszko JJ. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: an update on nuclear signaling related to inflammation and anti-inflammatory treatment. J Physiol Pharmacol 2008; 59 Suppl 6: 35-42.
61. Bals R, Hiemstra PS. Innate immunity in the lung: how epithelial cells fight against respiratory pathogens. Eur Respir J 2004; 23(2): 327-33.
62. Martin TR, Frevert CW. Innate immunity in the lungs. Proc Am Thorac Soc 2005; 2(5): 403-11.
63. Polverino F, Baraldo S, Bazzan E, et al. A novel insight into adaptive immunity in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: B cell activating factor belonging to the tumor necrosis factor family. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2010; 182(8): 1011-9.
64. Brusselle GG, Joos GF, Bracke KR. New insights into the immunology of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Lancet 2011; 378(9795): 1015-26.
65. Kirkham PA, Caramori G, Casolari P, et al. Oxidative stressinduced antibodies to carbonyl-modified protein correlate with severity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2011; 184(7): 796-802.
66. Hardavella G, Tzortzaki EG, Siozopoulou V, et al. Lymphangiogenesis in COPD: another link in the pathogenesis of the disease. Respir Med 2012; 106(5): 687-93.
67. Hogg JC, Chu F, Utokaparch S, et al. The nature of small-airway obstruction in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. N Engl J Med 2004; 350(26): 2645-53.
68. Sharma G, Hanania NA, Shim YM. The aging immune system and its relationship to the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Proc Am Thorac Soc 2009; 6(7): 573-80.
69. Haringer B, Lozza L, Steckel B, Geginat J. Identification and characterization of IL-10/IFN-gamma-producing effector-like T cells with regulatory function in human blood. J Exp Med 2009; 206(5): 1009-17.
70. Collison LW, Pillai MR, Chaturvedi V, Vignali DA. Regulatory T cell suppression is potentiated by target T cells in a cell contact, IL-35-and IL-10-dependent manner. J Immunol 2009; 182(10): 6121-8.
71. Matzinger P. The danger model: a renewed sense of self. Science 2002; 296(5566): 301-5.
72. Agusti A, Barnes PJ. Update in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2011. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2012; 185(11): 1171-6.
73. Hodge S, Hodge G, Scicchitano R, Reynolds PN, Holmes M. Alveolar macrophages from subjects with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are deficient in their ability to phagocytose apoptotic airway epithelial cells. Immunol Cell Biol 2003; 81(4): 289-96.
74. Makris D, Vrekoussis T, Izoldi M, et al. Increased apoptosis of neutrophils in induced sputum of COPD patients. Respir Med 2009; 103(8): 1130-5.
75. Grumelli S, Corry DB, Song LZ, et al. An immune basis for lung parenchymal destruction in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and emphysema. PLoS Med 2004; 1(1): e8.
76. Rennard SI, Togo S, Holz O. Cigarette smoke inhibits alveolar repair: a mechanism for the development of emphysema. Proc Am Thorac Soc 2006; 3(8): 703-8.
77. Barnes PJ. Targeting the epigenome in the treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Proc Am Thorac Soc 2009; 6(8): 693-6.
78. Li L, Bao H, Wu J, et al. Baicalin is anti-inflammatory in cigarette smoke-induced inflammatory models in vivo and in vitro: A possible role for HDAC2 activity. Int Immunopharmacol 2012; 13(1): 15-22.
79. Guzman L, Depix MS, Salinas AM, et al. Analysis of aberrant methylation on promoter sequences of tumor suppressor genes and total DNA in sputum samples: a promising tool for early detection of COPD and lung cancer in smokers. Diagn Pathol 2012; 7: 87.
80. Siedlinski M, Klanderman B, Sandhaus RA, et al. Association of cigarette smoking and CRP levels with DNA methylation in alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency. Epigenetics 2012; 7(7): 720-8.
81. Haussecker D, Kay MA. miR-122 continues to blaze the trail for microRNA therapeutics. Mol Ther 2010; 18(2): 240-2.