메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 48, Issue 5, 2012, Pages 1215-1228

Learning about causes from people: Observational causal learning in 24-month-old infants

Author keywords

Action representation; Causal learning; Imitation; Predictive looking; Social learning

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; CHILD DEVELOPMENT; CONCEPT FORMATION; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; DECISION MAKING; EPIDEMIOLOGY; FEMALE; HUMAN; LEARNING; MALE; OBSERVATION; PHOTOSTIMULATION; PHYSIOLOGY; PRESCHOOL CHILD; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL;

EID: 84872770366     PISSN: 00121649     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1037/a0027440     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (77)

References (55)
  • 1
    • 77249162641 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Just do it? Investigating the gap between prediction and action in toddlers' causal inferences
    • doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2009.12.001
    • Bonawitz, E. B., Ferranti, D., Saxe, R., Gopnik, A., Meltzoff, A. N., Woodward, J., & Schulz, L. E. (2010). Just do it? Investigating the gap between prediction and action in toddlers' causal inferences. Cognition, 115, 104-117. doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2009.12.001
    • (2010) Cognition , vol.115 , pp. 104-117
    • Bonawitz, E.B.1    Ferranti, D.2    Saxe, R.3    Gopnik, A.4    Meltzoff, A.N.5    Woodward, J.6    Schulz, L.E.7
  • 2
    • 79959800839 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Children's imitation of causal action sequences is influenced by statistical and pedagogical evidence
    • doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2010.12.001
    • Buchsbaum, D., Gopnik, A., Griffiths, T. L., & Shafto, P. (2011). Children's imitation of causal action sequences is influenced by statistical and pedagogical evidence. Cognition, 120, 331-340. doi:10.1016/ j.cognition.2010.12.001
    • (2011) Cognition , vol.120 , pp. 331-340
    • Buchsbaum, D.1    Gopnik, A.2    Griffiths, T.L.3    Shafto, P.4
  • 3
    • 84921544606 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New York, NY: Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195367638.001.0001
    • Carey, S. (2009). The origins of concepts. New York, NY: Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195367638.001.0001
    • (2009) The origins of concepts
    • Carey, S.1
  • 4
    • 77951957088 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recognizing communicative intentions in infancy
    • doi:10.1111/j.1468-0017.2009.01384.x
    • Csibra, G. (2010). Recognizing communicative intentions in infancy. Mind & Language, 25, 141-168. doi:10.1111/j.1468-0017.2009.01384.x
    • (2010) Mind & Language , vol.25 , pp. 141-168
    • Csibra, G.1
  • 5
    • 0742271426 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A theory of causal learning in children: Causal maps and Bayes nets
    • doi:10.1037/0033-295X.111.1.3
    • Gopnik, A., Glymour, C., Sobel, D. M., Schulz, L. E., Kushnir, T., & Danks, D. (2004). A theory of causal learning in children: Causal maps and Bayes nets. Psychological Review, 111, 3-32. doi:10.1037/0033-295X.111.1.3
    • (2004) Psychological Review , vol.111 , pp. 3-32
    • Gopnik, A.1    Glymour, C.2    Sobel, D.M.3    Schulz, L.E.4    Kushnir, T.5    Danks, D.6
  • 6
    • 84936628277 scopus 로고
    • Relations between semantic and cognitive development in the one-word stage: The specificity hypothesis
    • doi:10.2307/1130378
    • Gopnik, A., & Meltzoff, A. N. (1986). Relations between semantic and cognitive development in the one-word stage: The specificity hypothesis. Child Development, 57, 1040-1053. doi:10.2307/1130378
    • (1986) Child Development , vol.57 , pp. 1040-1053
    • Gopnik, A.1    Meltzoff, A.N.2
  • 8
    • 84921348970 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gopnik, A., & Schulz, L. (Eds.). New York, NY: Oxford University Press
    • Gopnik, A., & Schulz, L. (Eds.). (2007). Causal learning: Psychology, philosophy, and computation. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
    • (2007) Causal learning: Psychology, philosophy, and computation
  • 9
    • 0035458335 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Causal learning mechanisms in very young children: Two-, three-, and fouryear-olds infer causal relations from patterns of variation and covariation
    • doi:10.1037/0012-1649.37.5.620
    • Gopnik, A., Sobel, D. M., Schulz, L. E., & Glymour, C. (2001). Causal learning mechanisms in very young children: Two-, three-, and fouryear-olds infer causal relations from patterns of variation and covariation. Developmental Psychology, 37, 620 -629. doi:10.1037/0012-1649.37.5.620
    • (2001) Developmental Psychology , vol.37 , pp. 620-629
    • Gopnik, A.1    Sobel, D.M.2    Schulz, L.E.3    Glymour, C.4
  • 10
    • 0002517006 scopus 로고
    • The theory theory
    • In L. A. Hirschfeld & S. A. Gelman (Eds.), New York, NY: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511752902.011
    • Gopnik, A., & Wellman, H. M. (1994). The theory theory. In L. A. Hirschfeld & S. A. Gelman (Eds.), Mapping the mind: Domain specificity in cognition and culture (pp. 257-293). New York, NY: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511752902.011
    • (1994) Mapping the mind: Domain specificity in cognition and culture , pp. 257-293
    • Gopnik, A.1    Wellman, H.M.2
  • 11
    • 23944443282 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Causal knowledge and imitation/ emulation switching in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) and children (Homo sapiens)
    • doi:10.1007/s10071-004-0239-6
    • Horner, V., & Whiten, A. (2005). Causal knowledge and imitation/ emulation switching in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) and children (Homo sapiens). Animal Cognition, 8, 164-181. doi:10.1007/s10071-004-0239-6
    • (2005) Animal Cognition , vol.8 , pp. 164-181
    • Horner, V.1    Whiten, A.2
  • 12
    • 0000545945 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inferring the goals of a nonhuman agent
    • doi:10.1016/S0885-2014(01)00043-0
    • Johnson, S. C., Booth, A., & O'Hearn, K. (2001). Inferring the goals of a nonhuman agent. Cognitive Development, 16, 637-656. doi:10.1016/ S0885-2014(01)00043-0
    • (2001) Cognitive Development , vol.16 , pp. 637-656
    • Johnson, S.C.1    Booth, A.2    O'Hearn, K.3
  • 13
    • 0028376432 scopus 로고
    • Calibration-based reasoning about collision events in 11-month-old infants
    • doi: 10.1016/0010-0277(94)90012-4
    • Kotovsky, L., & Baillargeon, R. (1994). Calibration-based reasoning about collision events in 11-month-old infants. Cognition, 51, 107-129. doi: 10.1016/0010-0277(94)90012-4
    • (1994) Cognition , vol.51 , pp. 107-129
    • Kotovsky, L.1    Baillargeon, R.2
  • 14
    • 34748889513 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hold your horses: How exposure to different items influences infant categorization
    • doi:10.1016/j.jecp.2007.05.001
    • Kovack-Lesh, K. A., & Oakes, L. M. (2007). Hold your horses: How exposure to different items influences infant categorization. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 98, 69 -93. doi:10.1016/j.jecp .2007.05.001
    • (2007) Journal of Experimental Child Psychology , vol.98 , pp. 69-93
    • Kovack-Lesh, K.A.1    Oakes, L.M.2
  • 15
    • 8344290376 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early language acquisition: Cracking the speech code
    • doi:10.1038/nrn1533
    • Kuhl, P. K. (2004). Early language acquisition: Cracking the speech code. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 5, 831-843. doi:10.1038/nrn1533
    • (2004) Nature Reviews Neuroscience , vol.5 , pp. 831-843
    • Kuhl, P.K.1
  • 16
    • 33846050106 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conditional probability versus spatial contiguity in causal learning: Preschoolers use new contingency evidence to overcome prior spatial assumptions
    • doi:10.1037/0012-1649.43.1.186
    • Kushnir, T., & Gopnik, A. (2007). Conditional probability versus spatial contiguity in causal learning: Preschoolers use new contingency evidence to overcome prior spatial assumptions. Developmental Psychology, 43, 186-196. doi:10.1037/0012-1649.43.1.186
    • (2007) Developmental Psychology , vol.43 , pp. 186-196
    • Kushnir, T.1    Gopnik, A.2
  • 17
    • 0003049171 scopus 로고
    • Infant perception of a manual pick-up event
    • doi:10.1111/j.2044-835X.1984.tb00531.x
    • Leslie, A. M. (1984a). Infant perception of a manual pick-up event. British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 2, 19-32. doi:10.1111/j.2044-835X.1984.tb00531.x
    • (1984) British Journal of Developmental Psychology , vol.2 , pp. 19-32
    • Leslie, A.M.1
  • 18
    • 0021663460 scopus 로고
    • Spatiotemporal continuity and the perception of causality in infants
    • doi:10.1068/p130287
    • Leslie, A. M. (1984b). Spatiotemporal continuity and the perception of causality in infants. Perception, 13, 287-305. doi:10.1068/p130287 Leslie, A. M., & Keeble, S. (1987). Do six-month-old infants perceive causality? Cognition, 25, 265-288. doi:10.1016/S0010-0277 (87)80006-9
    • (1984) Perception , vol.13 , pp. 287-305
    • Leslie, A.M.1
  • 19
    • 0023319590 scopus 로고
    • Do six-month-old infants perceive causality
    • doi:10.1016/S0010-0277(87)80006-9
    • Leslie, A. M., & Keeble, S. (1987). Do six-month-old infants perceive causality. Cognition, 25, 265-288. doi:10.1016/S0010-0277 (87)80006-9
    • (1987) Cognition , vol.25 , pp. 265-288
    • Leslie, A.M.1    Keeble, S.2
  • 21
    • 34249040961 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Imitation of causally opaque versus causally transparent tool use by 3-and 5-year-old children
    • doi:10.1016/j.cogdev.2007.01.001
    • McGuigan, N., Whiten, A., Flynn, E., & Horner, V. (2007). Imitation of causally opaque versus causally transparent tool use by 3-and 5-year-old children. Cognitive Development, 22, 353-364. doi:10.1016/ j.cogdev.2007.01.001
    • (2007) Cognitive Development , vol.22 , pp. 353-364
    • McGuigan, N.1    Whiten, A.2    Flynn, E.3    Horner, V.4
  • 22
    • 58149371580 scopus 로고
    • Infant imitation after a 1-week delay: Long-term memory for novel acts and multiple stimuli
    • doi:10.1037/0012-1649.24.4.470
    • Meltzoff, A. N. (1988). Infant imitation after a 1-week delay: Long-term memory for novel acts and multiple stimuli. Developmental Psychology, 24, 470-476. doi:10.1037/0012-1649.24.4.470
    • (1988) Developmental Psychology , vol.24 , pp. 470-476
    • Meltzoff, A.N.1
  • 23
    • 58149323600 scopus 로고
    • Understanding the intentions of others: Reenactment of intended acts by 18-month-old children
    • doi:10.1037/0012-1649.31.5.838
    • Meltzoff, A. N. (1995). Understanding the intentions of others: Reenactment of intended acts by 18-month-old children. Developmental Psychology, 31, 838-850. doi:10.1037/0012-1649.31.5.838
    • (1995) Developmental Psychology , vol.31 , pp. 838-850
    • Meltzoff, A.N.1
  • 24
    • 77249151967 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Infants' causal learning: Intervention, observation, imitation
    • In A. Gopnik & L. Schulz (Eds.). New York, NY: Oxford University Press
    • Meltzoff, A. N. (2007a). Infants' causal learning: Intervention, observation, imitation. In A. Gopnik & L. Schulz (Eds.), Causal learning: Psychology, philosophy, and computation (pp. 37-47). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
    • (2007) Causal learning: Psychology, philosophy, and computation , pp. 37-47
    • Meltzoff, A.N.1
  • 25
    • 33845594295 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The "like me" framework for recognizing and becoming an intentional agent
    • doi: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2006.09.005
    • Meltzoff, A. N. (2007b). The "like me" framework for recognizing and becoming an intentional agent. Acta Psychologica, 124, 26-43. doi: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2006.09.005
    • (2007) Acta Psychologica , vol.124 , pp. 26-43
    • Meltzoff, A.N.1
  • 27
    • 67650841353 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Foundations for a new science of learning
    • doi:10.1126/science.1175626
    • Meltzoff, A. N., Kuhl, P. K., Movellan, J., & Sejnowski, T. J. (2009). Foundations for a new science of learning. Science, 325, 284-288. doi:10.1126/science.1175626
    • (2009) Science , vol.325 , pp. 284-288
    • Meltzoff, A.N.1    Kuhl, P.K.2    Movellan, J.3    Sejnowski, T.J.4
  • 28
    • 84874317769 scopus 로고
    • Causalité, permanence, et réalité phénoménales: études de psychologie expérimentale [Causality, permanence, and phenomenal reality
    • Louvain, Belgium: Publications Universitaires
    • Michotte, A. (1962). Causalité, permanence, et réalité phénoménales: études de psychologie expérimentale [Causality, permanence, and phenomenal reality: Studies of experimental psychology]. Louvain, Belgium: Publications Universitaires.
    • (1962) Studies of experimental psychology
    • Michotte, A.1
  • 29
    • 77956063540 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Infants' causal representations of state change events
    • doi:10.1016/j.cogpsych.2010.02.001
    • Muentener, P., & Carey, S. (2010). Infants' causal representations of state change events. Cognitive Psychology, 61, 63-86. doi:10.1016/ j.cogpsych.2010.02.001
    • (2010) Cognitive Psychology , vol.61 , pp. 63-86
    • Muentener, P.1    Carey, S.2
  • 30
    • 0034344403 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A shift in children's use of perceptual and causal cues to categorization
    • doi: 10.1111/1467-7687.00133
    • Nazzi, T., & Gopnik, A. (2000). A shift in children's use of perceptual and causal cues to categorization. Developmental Science, 3, 389-396. doi: 10.1111/1467-7687.00133
    • (2000) Developmental Science , vol.3 , pp. 389-396
    • Nazzi, T.1    Gopnik, A.2
  • 31
    • 77953790398 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Overimitation in Kalahari bushmen children and the origins of human cultural cognition
    • doi:10.1177/0956797610368808
    • Nielsen, M., & Tomaselli, K. (2010). Overimitation in Kalahari bushmen children and the origins of human cultural cognition. Psychological Science, 21, 729-736. doi:10.1177/0956797610368808
    • (2010) Psychological Science , vol.21 , pp. 729-736
    • Nielsen, M.1    Tomaselli, K.2
  • 32
    • 0001040122 scopus 로고
    • Infant perception of a causal event
    • doi:10.1016/0885-2014(90)90026-P
    • Oakes, L. M., & Cohen, L. B. (1990). Infant perception of a causal event. Cognitive Development, 5, 193-207. doi:10.1016/0885-2014 (90)90026-P
    • (1990) Cognitive Development , vol.5 , pp. 193-207
    • Oakes, L.M.1    Cohen, L.B.2
  • 34
    • 27944467411 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Infants' understanding of object-directed action
    • doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2004.11.005
    • Phillips, A. T., & Wellman, H. M. (2005). Infants' understanding of object-directed action. Cognition, 98, 137-155. doi:10.1016/j.cognition .2004.11.005
    • (2005) Cognition , vol.98 , pp. 137-155
    • Phillips, A.T.1    Wellman, H.M.2
  • 36
    • 0004239538 scopus 로고
    • (M.Cook, Trans.). New York, NY: Basic Books. doi:10.1037/11168-000
    • Piaget, J. (1954). The construction of reality in the child (M. Cook, Trans.). New York, NY: Basic Books. doi:10.1037/11168-000
    • (1954) The construction of reality in the child
    • Piaget, J.1
  • 39
    • 0002918164 scopus 로고
    • Learning and memory in infancy
    • In J. D. Osofsky (Ed.) (2nd ed., ). Oxford, England: Wiley
    • Rovee-Collier, C. (1987). Learning and memory in infancy. In J. D. Osofsky (Ed.), Handbook of infant development (2nd ed., pp. 139-168). Oxford, England: Wiley.
    • (1987) Handbook of infant development , pp. 139-168
    • Rovee-Collier, C.1
  • 40
    • 0030451408 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Statistical learning by 8-month-old infants
    • doi:10.1126/science.274.5294.1926
    • Saffran, J. R., Aslin, R. N., & Newport, E. L. (1996). Statistical learning by 8-month-old infants. Science, 274, 1926-1928. doi:10.1126/science .274.5294.1926
    • (1996) Science , vol.274 , pp. 1926-1928
    • Saffran, J.R.1    Aslin, R.N.2    Newport, E.L.3
  • 41
    • 30344473607 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Secret agents: Inferences about hidden causes by 10-and 12-month-old infants
    • doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.2005.01649.x
    • Saxe, R., Tenenbaum, J. B., & Carey, S. (2005). Secret agents: Inferences about hidden causes by 10-and 12-month-old infants. Psychological Science, 16, 995-1001. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.2005.01649.x
    • (2005) Psychological Science , vol.16 , pp. 995-1001
    • Saxe, R.1    Tenenbaum, J.B.2    Carey, S.3
  • 42
    • 33846051045 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Knowing who dunnit: Infants identify the causal agent in an unseen causal interaction
    • doi:10.1037/0012-1649.43.1.149
    • Saxe, R., Tzelnic, T., & Carey, S. (2007). Knowing who dunnit: Infants identify the causal agent in an unseen causal interaction. Developmental Psychology, 43, 149-158. doi:10.1037/0012-1649.43.1.149
    • (2007) Developmental Psychology , vol.43 , pp. 149-158
    • Saxe, R.1    Tzelnic, T.2    Carey, S.3
  • 43
    • 0034255945 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Perceptual causality and animacy
    • doi:10.1016/S1364-6613(00)01506-0
    • Scholl, B. J., & Tremoulet, P. D. (2000). Perceptual causality and animacy. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 4, 299 -309. doi:10.1016/S1364-6613(00)01506-0
    • (2000) Trends in Cognitive Sciences , vol.4 , pp. 299-309
    • Scholl, B.J.1    Tremoulet, P.D.2
  • 44
    • 34548190036 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serious fun: Preschoolers engage in more exploratory play when evidence is confounded
    • doi:10.1037/0012-1649.43.4.1045
    • Schulz, L. E., & Bonawitz, E. B. (2007). Serious fun: Preschoolers engage in more exploratory play when evidence is confounded. Developmental Psychology, 43, 1045-1050. doi:10.1037/0012-1649.43.4.1045
    • (2007) Developmental Psychology , vol.43 , pp. 1045-1050
    • Schulz, L.E.1    Bonawitz, E.B.2
  • 45
    • 34247355431 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preschool children learn about causal structure from conditional interventions
    • doi:10.1111/j.1467-7687.2007.00587.x
    • Schulz, L. E., Gopnik, A., & Glymour, C. (2007). Preschool children learn about causal structure from conditional interventions. Developmental Science, 10, 322-332. doi:10.1111/j.1467-7687.2007.00587.x
    • (2007) Developmental Science , vol.10 , pp. 322-332
    • Schulz, L.E.1    Gopnik, A.2    Glymour, C.3
  • 46
    • 33750739262 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Blickets and babies: The development of causal reasoning in toddlers and infants
    • doi:10.1037/0012-1649.42.6.1103
    • Sobel, D. M., & Kirkham, N. Z. (2006). Blickets and babies: The development of causal reasoning in toddlers and infants. Developmental Psychology, 42, 1103-1115. doi:10.1037/0012-1649.42.6.1103
    • (2006) Developmental Psychology , vol.42 , pp. 1103-1115
    • Sobel, D.M.1    Kirkham, N.Z.2
  • 47
    • 2442704284 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Children's causal inferences from indirect evidence: Backwards blocking and Bayesian reasoning in preschoolers
    • doi:10.1016/j.cogsci.2003.11.001
    • Sobel, D. M., Tenenbaum, J. B., & Gopnik, A. (2004). Children's causal inferences from indirect evidence: Backwards blocking and Bayesian reasoning in preschoolers. Cognitive Science, 28, 303-333. doi:10.1016/ j.cogsci.2003.11.001
    • (2004) Cognitive Science , vol.28 , pp. 303-333
    • Sobel, D.M.1    Tenenbaum, J.B.2    Gopnik, A.3
  • 48
    • 0003614273 scopus 로고
    • Causation, prediction, and search (Lecture notes in statistics)
    • New York, NY: Springer-Verlag
    • Spirtes, P., Glymour, C., & Scheines, R. (1993). Causation, prediction, and search (Lecture notes in statistics). New York, NY: Springer-Verlag.
    • (1993)
    • Spirtes, P.1    Glymour, C.2    Scheines, R.3
  • 49
    • 0003943906 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The cultural origins of human cognition
    • Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press
    • Tomasello, M. (1999). The cultural origins of human cognition. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • (1999)
    • Tomasello, M.1
  • 50
    • 0742318187 scopus 로고
    • Reactions to response-contingent stimulation in early infancy
    • In J. Oates & S. Sheldon (Eds.), Hove, England: Erlbaum
    • Watson, J. S., & Ramey, C. T. (1987). Reactions to response-contingent stimulation in early infancy. In J. Oates & S. Sheldon (Eds.), Cognitive development in infancy (pp. 77-85). Hove, England: Erlbaum.
    • (1987) Cognitive development in infancy , pp. 77-85
    • Watson, J.S.1    Ramey, C.T.2
  • 51
    • 0026466414 scopus 로고
    • Cognitive development: Foundational theories of core domains
    • doi:10.1146/annurev.ps.43.020192.002005
    • Wellman, H. M., & Gelman, S. A. (1992). Cognitive development: Foundational theories of core domains. Annual Review of Psychology, 43, 337-375. doi:10.1146/annurev.ps.43.020192.002005
    • (1992) Annual Review of Psychology , vol.43 , pp. 337-375
    • Wellman, H.M.1    Gelman, S.A.2
  • 52
    • 76449105311 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Learning the rules: Observation and imitation of a sorting strategy by 36-month-old children
    • doi:10.1037/a0017473
    • Williamson, R. A., Jaswal, V. K., & Meltzoff, A. N. (2010). Learning the rules: Observation and imitation of a sorting strategy by 36-month-old children. Developmental Psychology, 46, 57-65. doi:10.1037/a0017473
    • (2010) Developmental Psychology , vol.46 , pp. 57-65
    • Williamson, R.A.1    Jaswal, V.K.2    Meltzoff, A.N.3
  • 53
    • 38549091260 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prior experiences and perceived efficacy influence 3-year-olds' imitation
    • doi:10.1037/0012-1649.44.1.275
    • Williamson, R. A., Meltzoff, A. N., & Markman, E. M. (2008). Prior experiences and perceived efficacy influence 3-year-olds' imitation. Developmental Psychology, 44, 275-285. doi:10.1037/0012-1649.44.1.275
    • (2008) Developmental Psychology , vol.44 , pp. 275-285
    • Williamson, R.A.1    Meltzoff, A.N.2    Markman, E.M.3
  • 55
    • 70350635384 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interventionist theories of causation in psychological perspective
    • In A. Gopnik & L. Schulz (Eds.), New York, NY: Oxford University Press
    • Woodward, J. (2007). Interventionist theories of causation in psychological perspective. In A. Gopnik & L. Schulz (Eds.), Causal learning: Psychology, philosophy, and computation (pp. 19-36). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
    • (2007) Causal learning: Psychology, philosophy, and computation , pp. 19-36
    • Woodward, J.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.