Cardiovascular devices and platelet interactions understanding the role of injury, flow, and cellular responses

Circulation: Cardiovascular Interventions

Volumn 5, Issue 2, 2012, Pages 296-304

  Rowley, Jesse W ^a   Finn, Aloke V ^b   French, Patricia A ^c   Jennings, Lisa K ^d   Bluestein, Danny ^e   Gross, Peter L ^f   Freedman, Jane E ^g   Steinhubl, Steven R ^h   Zimmerman, Guy A ^a   Becker, Richard C ⁱ   Dauerman, Harold L ^j   Smyth, Susan S ^k  

^a UNIVERSITY OF UTAH SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b EMORY UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c Left Lane Communications ^*  (United States)

^d UNIVERSITY OF TENNESSEE HEALTH SCIENCE CENTER   (United States)

^e STONY BROOK UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^f MCMASTER UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

^g UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS   (United States)

^h GEISINGER MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

ⁱ DUKE CLINICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (United States)

^j UNIVERSITY OF VERMONT   (United States)

^k UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY   (United States)

more..

Author keywords

Blood flow; Platelets; Shear; Stents

Indexed keywords

CALCIUM; COLLAGEN; FIBRINOGEN; P SELECTIN GLYCOPROTEIN LIGAND 1; PADGEM PROTEIN; THROMBIN; THROMBOCYTE RECEPTOR; TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR BETA1; VON WILLEBRAND FACTOR;

ACETYLATION; BLOOD CLOTTING; BLOOD VESSEL INJURY; CALCIUM TRANSPORT; CARDIOVASCULAR EQUIPMENT; CELLULAR IMMUNITY; COMPLEMENT ACTIVATION; CYTOKINE RELEASE; ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION; EXPERIMENTAL MODEL; HISTOPATHOLOGY; HUMAN; IMPLANTATION; IN VITRO STUDY; IN VIVO STUDY; INFLAMMATION; INFLAMMATORY CELL; LEUKOCYTE ACTIVATION; LEUKOCYTE AGGREGATION; MECHANICAL STRESS; MEMBRANE DEPOLARIZATION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; SHEAR STRESS; THROMBOCYTE; THROMBOCYTE ACTIVATION;

ANIMALS; ANTIPLATYHELMINTIC AGENTS; BIOMECHANICS; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; EQUIPMENT AND SUPPLIES; HEMOSTASIS; HUMANS; IMMUNITY, CELLULAR; PLATELET ACTIVATION; PROSTHESIS IMPLANTATION; REGIONAL BLOOD FLOW; TRANSLATIONAL MEDICAL RESEARCH;

EID: 84860808669     PISSN: 19417640     EISSN: 19417632     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1161/CIRCINTERVENTIONS.111.965426     Document Type: Review

References (96)

1. Slack SM, Turitto VT. Fluid dynamic and hemorheologic considerations. Cardiovasc Pathol. 1993;2:11S-21S.
2. Strony J, Beaudoin A, Brands D, Adelman B. Analysis of shear stress and hemodynamic factors in a model of coronary artery stenosis and thrombosis. Am J Physiol. 1993;265:H1787-H1796. (Pubitemid 23348215)
3. Jakobi AJ, Mashaghi A, Tans SJ, Huizinga EG. Calcium modulates force sensing by the von Willebrand factor A2 domain. Nat Commun. 2011; 2:385.
4. Gao W, Anderson PJ, Sadler JE. Extensive contacts between ADAMTS13 exosites and von Willebrand factor domain A2 contribute to substrate specificity. Blood. 2008;112:1713-1719.
5. Zhang Q, Zhou Y-F, Zhang C-Z, Zhang X, Lu C, Springer TA. Structural specializations of A2, a force-sensing domain in the ultralarge vascular protein von Willebrand factor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009;106: 9226-9231.
6. Zhang X, Halvorsen K, Zhang C-Z, Wong WP, Springer TA. Mechanoenzymatic cleavage of the ultralarge vascular protein von Willebrand factor. Science. 2009;324:1330-1334.
7. 3-dependent calcium signals cooperatively regulate platelet adhesion under flow. J Biol Chem. 2002;277:2965-2972. (Pubitemid 34953332)
8. 3. Blood. 2002;99:151-158.
9. Mazzucato M, Pradella P, Cozzi MR, De Marco L, Ruggeri ZM. Sequential cytoplasmic calcium signals in a 2-stage platelet activation process induced by the glycoprotein Ibα mechanoreceptor. Blood. 2002; 100:2793-2800.
10. 3 mechanotransduction for shear activation of platelets. J Biol Chem. 2005;280:15430-15437. (Pubitemid 40562901)
11. Mazzucato M, Cozzi MR, Pradella P, Ruggeri ZM, De Marco L. Distinct roles of ADP receptors in von Willebrand factor-mediated platelet signaling and activation under high flow. Blood. 2004;104:3221-3227. (Pubitemid 39507138)
12. 3 signaling. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2006;291: C1346-C1354. (Pubitemid 44878606)
13. Jackson SP. The growing complexity of platelet aggregation. Blood. 2007;109:5087-5095. (Pubitemid 46890522)
14. Pozgajová M, Sachs UJH, Hein L, Nieswandt B. Reduced thrombus stability in mice lacking the α2A-adrenergic receptor. Blood. 2006;108: 510-514. (Pubitemid 44061349)
15. Andre P, Delaney SM, LaRocca T, Vincent D, DeGuzman F, Jurek M, Koller B, Phillips DR, Conley PB. P2Y12 regulates platelet adhesion/activation, thrombus growth, and thrombus stability in injured arteries. J Clin Invest. 2003;112:398-406. (Pubitemid 38063768)
16. Prévost N, Woulfe DS, Jiang H, Stalker TJ, Marchese P, Ruggeri ZM, Brass LF. Eph kinases and ephrins support thrombus growth and stability by regulating integrin outside-in signaling in platelets. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2005;102:9820-9825. (Pubitemid 40993651)
17. Goto S, Tamura N, Ishida H, Ruggeri ZM. Dependence of platelet thrombus stability on sustained glycoprotein IIb/IIIa activation through adenosine 5'-diphosphate receptor stimulation and cyclic calcium signaling. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2006;47:155-162. (Pubitemid 43005180)
18. Speich HE, Earhart AD, Hill SN, Cholera S, Kueter TJ, Smith JN, White MM, Jennings LK. Variability of platelet aggregate dispersal with glycoprotein IIb-IIIa antagonists eptifibatide and abciximab. J Thromb Haemost. 2009;7:983-991.
19. Speich HE, Earhart AD, Hill SN, Kueter TJ, White MM, Jennings LK. Platelet aggregation reversal by GPIIb-IIIa antagonists: dependence upon agonist and aggregate age. Thromb Haemost. 2009;7:PP-TH-097.
20. Deibele AJ, Jennings LK, Tcheng JE, Neva C, Earhart AD, Gibson CM. Intracoronary eptifibatide bolus administration during percutaneous coronary revascularization for acute coronary syndromes with evaluation of platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor occupancy and platelet function: the IntraCoronary Eptifibatide (ICE) Trial. Circulation. 2010;121: 784-791.
21. Huo Y, Ley KF. Role of platelets in the development of atherosclerosis. Trends Cardiovasc Med. 2004;14:18-22. (Pubitemid 38068207)
22. Linden MD, Jackson DE. Platelets: pleiotropic roles in atherogenesis and atherothrombosis. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2010;42:1762-1766.
23. Cyrus T, Yao Y, Ding T, Dogné JM, Praticò D. Thromboxane receptor blockade improves the antiatherogenic effect of thromboxane A2 suppression in LDLR KO mice. Blood. 2007;109:3291-3296. (Pubitemid 46572515)
24. Methia N, André P, Denis CV, Economopoulos M, Wagner DD. Localized reduction of atherosclerosis in von Willebrand factor-deficient mice. Blood. 2001;98:1424-1428.
25. Massberg S, Brand K, Grüner S, Page S, Müller E, Müller I, Bergmeier W, Richter T, Lorenz M, Konrad I, Nieswandt B, Gawaz M. A critical role of platelet adhesion in the initiation of atherosclerotic lesion formation. J Exp Med. 2002;196:887-896.
26. McCarty OJT, Conley RB, Shentu W, Tormoen GW, Zha D, Xie A, Qi Y, Zhao Y, Carr C, Belcik T, Keene DR, de Groot PG, Lindner JR. Molecular imaging of activated von Willebrand factor to detect high-risk atherosclerotic phenotype. J Am Coll Cardiol Cardiovasc Imaging. 2010; 3:947-955.
27. Fu X, Chen J, Gallagher R, Zheng Y, Chung DW, López JA. Shear stress-induced unfolding of VWF accelerates oxidation of key methionine residues in the A1A2A3 region. Blood. 2011;118:5283-5291.
28. Hu H, Varon D, Hjemdahl P, Savion N, Schulman S, Li N. Plateletleukocyte aggregation under shear stress: differential involvement of selectins and integrins. Thromb Haemost. 2003;90:679-687. (Pubitemid 37287636)
29. Ridger V, Krams R, Carpi A, Evans PC. Hemodynamic parameters regulating vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis: a brief update. Biomed Pharmacother. 2008;62:536-540.
30. Gurbel PA, Becker RC, Mann KG, Steinhubl SR, Michelson AD. Platelet function monitoring in patients with coronary artery disease. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2007;50:1822-1834. (Pubitemid 350007957)
31. Falati S, Gross P, Merrill-Skoloff G, Furie BC, Furie B. Real-time in vivo imaging of platelets, tissue factor and fibrin during arterial thrombus formation in the mouse. Nat Med. 2002;8:1175-1181.
32. Gross PL, Ni R, Esposito B, Rand ML, Weitz JI. The dynamics of platelet activation in vivo. J Thromb Haemost. 2009;7:PP-TH-009.
33. Yong ASC, Pennings GJ, Chang M, Hamzah A, Chung T, Qi M, Brieger D, Behnia M, Krilis SA, Ng MKC, Lowe HC, Kritharides L. Intracoronary shear-related up-regulation of platelet P-selectin and plateletmonocyte aggregation despite the use of aspirin and clopidogrel. Blood. 2011;117:11-20.
34. Hellums JD, Peterson DM, Stathopoulos NA, Moake JL, Giorgio TD. Studies on the mechanisms of shear-induced platelet activation. In: Cerebral Ischemia and Hemorheology. New York: Springer-Verlag; 1987:80-89.
35. Kolandaivelu K, Swaminathan R, Gibson WJ, Kolachalama VB, Nguyen- Ehrenreich K-L, Giddings VL, Coleman L, Wong GK, Edelman ER. Stent thrombogenicity early in high-risk interventional settings is driven by stent design and deployment and protected by polymer-drug coatings. Circulation. 2011;123:1400-1409.
36. Yin W, Alemu Y, Affeld K, Jesty J, Bluestein D. Flow-induced platelet activation in bileaflet and monoleaflet mechanical heart valves. Ann Biomed Eng. 2004;32:1058-1066.
37. Yin W, Krukenkamp IB, Saltman AE, Gaudette G, Suresh K, Bernal O, Jesty J, Bluestein D. Thrombogenic performance of a St Jude bileaflet mechanical heart valve in a sheep model. ASAIO J. 2006;52:28-33. (Pubitemid 44314894)
38. Nobili M, Morbiducci U, Ponzini R, Del Gaudio C, Balducci A, Grigioni M, Maria Montevecchi F, Redaelli A. Numerical simulation of the dynamics of a bileaflet prosthetic heart valve using a fluid-structure interaction approach. J Biomech. 2008;41:2539-2550.
39. Bluestein D, Chandran KB, Manning KB. Towards non-thrombogenic performance of blood recirculating devices. Ann Biomed Eng. 2010;38: 1236-1256.
40. Alemu Y, Girdhar G, Xenos M, Sheriff J, Jesty J, Einav S, Bluestein D. Design optimization of a mechanical heart valve for reducing valve thrombogenicity: a case study with ATS valve. ASAIO J. 2010;56: 389-396.
41. Xenos M, Girdhar G, Alemu Y, Jesty J, Slepian M, Einav S, Bluestein D. Device thrombogenicity emulator (DTE): design optimization methodology for cardiovascular devices: a study in two bileaflet MHV designs. J Biomech. 2010;43:2400-2409.
42. Girdhar G, Bluestein D. Biological effects of dynamic shear stress in cardiovascular pathologies and devices. Expert Rev Med Devices. 2008; 5:167-181.
43. Palmerini T, Nedelman MA, Scudder LE, Nakada MT, Jordan RE, Smyth S, Gordon RE, Fallon JT, Coller BS. Effects of abciximab on the acute pathology of blood vessels after arterial stenting in nonhuman primates. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2002;40:360-366. (Pubitemid 34756300)
44. Rowley JW, Oler A, Tolley ND, Hunter B, Low EN, Nix DA, Yost CC, Zimmerman GA, Weyrich AS. Genome wide RNA-seq analysis of human and mouse platelet transcriptomes. Blood. 2011;118:e101-e111.
45. Landry P, Plante I, Ouellet DL, Perron MP, Rousseau G, Provost P. Existence of a microRNA pathway in anucleate platelets. Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2009;16:961-966.
46. Zimmerman GA, Weyrich AS. Signal-dependent protein synthesis by activated platelets: new pathways to altered phenotype and function. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:s17-s24.
47. Freedman JE, Larson MG, Tanriverdi K, O'Donnell CJ, Morin K, Hakanson AS, Vasan RS, Johnson AD, Iafrati MD, Benjamin EJ. Relation of platelet and leukocyte inflammatory transcripts to body mass index in the Framingham Heart Study. Circulation. 2010;122:119-129.
48. Willerson JT, Yao SK, McNatt J, Benedict CR, Anderson HV, Golino P, Murphree SS, Buja LM. Frequency and severity of cyclic flow alternations and platelet aggregation predict the severity of neointimal proliferation following experimental coronary stenosis and endothelial injury. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991;88:10624-10628. (Pubitemid 21915889)
49. Anderson HV, McNatt J, Clubb FJ, Herman M, Maffrand JP, DeClerck F, Ahn C, Buja LM, Willerson JT. Platelet inhibition reduces cyclic flow variations and neointimal proliferation in normal and hypercholesterolemic- atherosclerotic canine coronary arteries. Circulation. 2001;104: 2331-2337. (Pubitemid 33049517)
50. Bienvenu JG, Tanguay JF, Théorêt JF, Kumar A, Schaub RG, Merhi Y. Recombinant soluble P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1-Ig reduces restenosis through inhibition of platelet-neutrophil adhesion after double angioplasty in swine. Circulation. 2001;103:1128-1134. (Pubitemid 32200188)
51. Kabbani SS, Watkins MW, Ashikaga T, Terrien EF, Holoch PA, Sobel BE, Schneider DJ. Platelet reactivity characterized prospectively: a determinant of outcome 90 days after percutaneous coronary intervention. Circulation. 2001;104:181-186. (Pubitemid 32655835)
52. Steinhubl SR, Saucedo JF, Sane DC, Berger PB, Moliterno DJ, Tcheng JE, Kereiakes DJ. Point-of-care measurement of platelet function before angioplasty strongly predicts future target vessel revascularization. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2002;37:72A.
53. Bhatt DL, Fox KAA, Hacke W, Berger PB, Black HR, Boden WE, Cacoub P, Cohen EA, Creager MA, Easton JD, Flather MD, Haffner SM, Hamm CW, Hankey GJ, Johnston SC, Mak K-H, Mas J-L, Montalescot G, Pearson TA, Steg PG, Steinhubl SR, Weber MA, Brennan DM, Fabry-Ribaudo L, Booth J, Topol EJ. Clopidogrel and aspirin versus aspirin alone for the prevention of atherothrombotic events. N Engl J Med. 2006;354:1706-1717.
54. Schwartz L, Bourassa MG, Lespérance J, Aldridge HE, Kazim F, Salvatori VA, Henderson M, Bonan R, David PR. Aspirin and dipyridamole in the prevention of restenosis after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. N Engl J Med. 1988;318:1714-1719.
55. Steinhubl SR, Berger PB, Mann JT III, Fry ETA, DeLago A, Wilmer C, Topol EJ. Early and sustained dual oral antiplatelet therapy following percutaneous coronary intervention: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2002;288:2411-2420. (Pubitemid 35340537)
56. Topol EJ, Califf RM, Weisman HF, Ellis SG, Tcheng JE, Worley S, Ivanhoe R, George BS, Fintel D, Weston M, EPIC Investigators. Randomised trial of coronary intervention with antibody against platelet IIb/IIIa integrin for reduction of clinical restenosis: results at six months. Lancet. 1994;343:881-886. (Pubitemid 24113631)
57. EPISTENT Investigators. Randomised placebo-controlled and balloonangioplasty- controlled trial to assess safety of coronary stenting with use of platelet glycoprotein-IIb/IIIa blockade. Lancet. 1998;352:87-92.
58. Neumann FJ, Kastrati A, Schmitt C, Blasini R, Hadamitzky M, Mehilli J, Gawaz M, Schleef M, Seyfarth M, Dirschinger J, Schömig A. Effect of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor blockade with abciximab on clinical and angiographic restenosis rate after the placement of coronary stents following acute myocardial infarction. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2000;35:915-921. (Pubitemid 30189922)
59. ERASER Investigators. Acute platelet inhibition with abciximab does not reduce in-stent restenosis (ERASER study). Circulation. 1999;100: 799-806.
60. Montalescot G, Barragan P, Wittenberg O, Ecollan P, Elhadad S, Villain P, Boulenc JM, Morice MC, Maillard L, Pansiéri M, Choussat R, Pinton P. Platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibition with coronary stenting for acute myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med. 2001;344:1895-1903. (Pubitemid 32553358)
61. Tamhane U, Meier P, Chetcuti S, Chen K-Y, Rha S-W, Grossman MP, Gurm H. Efficacy of cilostazol in reducing restenosis in patients undergoing contemporary stent based PCI: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. EuroIntervention. 2009;5:384-393.
62. Lee CW, Park D-W, Seung KB, Kim PJ, Park HJ, Kim W-J, Lee JY, Kang S-J, Lee S-H, Kim Y-H, Park S-W, Park S-J. Comparison of dual drug-eluting Cilotax stent and paclitaxel-eluting Taxus Liberté stent in native coronary artery lesions. Am J Cardiol. 2011;107:990-994.
63. Costa MA, Simon DI. Molecular basis of restenosis and drug-eluting stents. Circulation. 2005;111:2257-2273. (Pubitemid 40632443)
64. Sanguigni V, Pignatelli P, Lenti L, Ferro D, Bellia A, Carnevale R, Tesauro M, Sorge R, Lauro R, Violi F. Short-term treatment with atorvastatin reduces platelet CD40 ligand and thrombin generation in hypercholesterolemic patients. Circulation. 2005;111:412-419. (Pubitemid 40204424)
65. Nissen SE, Nicholls SJ, Sipahi I, Libby P, Raichlen JS, Ballantyne CM, Davignon J, Erbel R, Fruchart JC, Tardif J-C, Schoenhagen P, Crowe T, Cain V, Wolski K, Goormastic M, Tuzcu EM. Effect of very highintensity statin therapy on regression of coronary atherosclerosis: the ASTEROID trial. JAMA. 2006;295:1556-1565.
66. Nissen SE, Tuzcu EM, Schoenhagen P, Brown BG, Ganz P, Vogel RA, Crowe T, Howard G, Cooper CJ, Brodie B, Grines CL, DeMaria AN. Effect of intensive compared with moderate lipid-lowering therapy on progression of coronary atherosclerosis: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2004;291:1071-1080. (Pubitemid 38541684)
67. Lievens D, Zernecke A, Seijkens T, Soehnlein O, Beckers L, Munnix ICA, Wijnands E, Goossens P, van Kruchten R, Thevissen L, Boon L, Flavell RA, Noelle RJ, Gerdes N, Biessen EA, Daemen MJAP, Heemskerk JWM, Weber C, Lutgens E. Platelet CD40L mediates thrombotic and inflammatory processes in atherosclerosis. Blood. 2010; 116:4317-4327.
68. Pasceri V, Patti G, Nusca A, Pristipino C, Richichi G, Di Sciascio G. Randomized trial of atorvastatin for reduction of myocardial damage during coronary intervention: results from the ARMYDA (Atorvastatin for Reduction of MYocardial Damage during Angioplasty) study. Circulation. 2004;110:674-678. (Pubitemid 39056265)
69. Briguori C, Visconti G, Focaccio A, Golia B, Chieffo A, Castelli A, Mussardo M, Montorfano M, Ricciardelli B, Colombo A. Novel Approaches for Preventing or Limiting EventS (NAPLES) II trial: impact of a single high loading dose of atorvastatin on periprocedural myocardial infarction. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2009;54:2157-2163.
70. Puccetti L, Santilli F, Pasqui AL, Lattanzio S, Liani R, Ciani F, Ferrante E, Ciabattoni G, Scarpini F, Ghezzi A, Auteri A, Davì G. Effects of atorvastatin and rosuvastatin on thromboxane-dependent platelet activation and oxidative stress in hypercholesterolemia. Atherosclerosis. 2011;214:122-128.
71. Matetzky S, Fefer P, Shenkman B, Shechter M, Novikov I, Savion N, Varon D, Hod H. Statins have an early antiplatelet effect in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Platelets. 2011;22:103-110.
72. van der Loo B, Spring S, Koppensteiner R. High-dose atorvastatin treatment in patients with peripheral arterial disease: effects on platelet aggregation, blood rheology and plasma homocysteine. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc. 2011;47:241-251.
73. Schwartz RS, Holmes DR Jr, Topol EJ. The restenosis paradigm revisited: an alternative proposal for cellular mechanisms. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1992;20:1284-1293.
74. Wang K, Zhou Z, Zhou X, Tarakji K, Topol EJ, Lincoff AM. Prevention of intimal hyperplasia with recombinant soluble P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-immunoglobulin in the porcine coronary artery balloon injury model. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2001;38:577-582. (Pubitemid 32721791)
75. Hayashi S, Watanabe N, Nakazawa K, Suzuki J, Tsushima K, Tamatani T, Sakamoto S, Isobe M. Roles of P-selectin in inflammation, neointimal formation, and vascular remodeling in balloon-injured rat carotid arteries. Circulation. 2000;102:1710-1717.
76. Rogers C, Welt FG, Karnovsky MJ, Edelman ER. Monocyte recruitment and neointimal hyperplasia in rabbits: coupled inhibitory effects of heparin. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 1996;16:1312-1318. (Pubitemid 26339721)
77. Pache J, Kastrati A, Mehilli J, Schühlen H, Dotzer F, Hausleiter J, Fleckenstein M, Neumann FJ, Sattelberger U, Schmitt C, Müller M, Dirschinger J, Schömig A. Intracoronary stenting and angiographic results: strut thickness effect on restenosis outcome (ISAR-STEREO-2) trial. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2003;41:1283-1288. (Pubitemid 36438988)
78. Rittersma SZH, de Winter RJ, Koch KT, Bax M, Schotborgh CE, Mulder KJ, Tijssen JGP, Piek JJ. Impact of strut thickness on late luminal loss after coronary artery stent placement. Am J Cardiol. 2004;93:477-480. (Pubitemid 38221363)
79. Turco MA, Ormiston JA, Popma JJ, Hall JJ, Mann T, Cannon LA, Webster MWI, Mishkel GJ, O'Shaughnessy CD, McGarry TF, Mandinov L, Dawkins KD, Baim DS. Reduced risk of restenosis in small vessels and reduced risk of myocardial infarction in long lesions with the new thin-strut TAXUS Liberté stent: 1-year results from the TAXUS ATLAS program. J Am Coll Cardiol Cardiovasc Interv. 2008;1:699-709.
80. Wallentin L, Becker RC, Budaj A, Cannon CP, Emanuelsson H, Held C, Horrow J, Husted S, James S, Katus H, Mahaffey KW, Scirica BM, Skene A, Steg PG, Storey RF, Harrington RA, Freij A, Thorsén M. Ticagrelor versus clopidogrel in patients with acute coronary syndromes. N Engl J Med. 2009;361:1045-1057.
81. Wiviott SD, Braunwald E, McCabe CH, Montalescot G, Ruzyllo W, Gottlieb S, Neumann F-J, Ardissino D, De Servi S, Murphy SA, Riesmeyer J, Weerakkody G, Gibson CM, Antman EM. Prasugrel versus clopidogrel in patients with acute coronary syndromes. N Engl J Med. 2007;357:2001-2015. (Pubitemid 350106708)
82. Joner M, Finn AV, Farb A, Mont EK, Kolodgie FD, Ladich E, Kutys R, Skorija K, Gold HK, Virmani R. Pathology of drug-eluting stents in humans: delayed healing and late thrombotic risk. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2006;48:193-202. (Pubitemid 43929240)
83. Lagerqvist B, Carlsson J, Fröbert O, Lindbäck J, Scherstén F, Stenestrand U, James SK. Stent thrombosis in Sweden: a report from the Swedish Coronary Angiography and Angioplasty Registry. Circ Cardiovasc Interv. 2009;2:401-408.
84. Finn AV, Joner M, Nakazawa G, Kolodgie F, Newell J, John MC, Gold HK, Virmani R. Pathological correlates of late drug-eluting stent thrombosis: strut coverage as a marker of endothelialization. Circulation. 2007; 115:2435-2441. (Pubitemid 46717966)
85. Nebeker JR, Virmani R, Bennett CL, Hoffman JM, Samore MH, Alvarez J, Davidson CJ, McKoy JM, Raisch DW, Whisenant BK, Yarnold PR, Belknap SM, West DP, Gage JE, Morse RE, Gligoric G, Davidson L, Feldman MD. Hypersensitivity cases associated with drug-eluting coronary stents: a review of available cases from the Research on Adverse Drug Events and Reports (RADAR) project. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2006; 47:175-181. (Pubitemid 43005183)
86. Nakazawa G, Finn AV, Vorpahl M, Ladich ER, Kolodgie FD, Virmani R. Coronary responses and differential mechanisms of late stent thrombosis attributed to first-generation sirolimus- and paclitaxel-eluting stents. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2011;57:390-398.
87. Nakazawa G, Finn AV, Joner M, Ladich E, Kutys R, Mont EK, Gold HK, Burke AP, Kolodgie FD, Virmani R. Delayed arterial healing and increased late stent thrombosis at culprit sites after drug-eluting stent placement for acute myocardial infarction patients: an autopsy study. Circulation. 2008;118:1138-1145.
88. Nakazawa G, Otsuka F, Nakano M, Vorpahl M, Yazdani SK, Ladich E, Kolodgie FD, Finn AV, Virmani R. The pathology of neoatherosclerosis in human coronary implants bare-metal and drug-eluting stents. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2011;57:1314-1322.
89. Kwon SW, Kim B-K, Kim T-H, Kim J-S, Ko Y-G, Choi D, Jang Y, Hong M-K. Qualitative assessment of neointimal tissue after drug-eluting stent implantation: comparison between follow-up optical coherence tomography and intravascular ultrasound. Am Heart J. 2011;161: 367-372.
90. Murata A, Wallace-Bradley D, Tellez A, Alviar C, Aboodi M, Sheehy A, Coleman L, Perkins L, Nakazawa G, Mintz G, Kaluza GL, Virmani R, Granada JF. Accuracy of optical coherence tomography in the evaluation of neointimal coverage after stent implantation. J Am Coll Cardiol Cardiovasc Imaging. 2010;3:76-84.
91. Morlacchi S, Keller B, Arcangeli P, Balzan M, Migliavacca F, Dubini G, Gunn J, Arnold N, Narracott A, Evans D, Lawford P. Hemodynamics and in-stent restenosis: micro-CT images, histology, and computer simulations. Ann Biomed Eng. 2011;39:2615-2626.
92. Hu Z-Y, Chen S-L, Zhang J-J, Shan S-J, Liu Z-Z, Ye F, Kan J, Xu H-M, Nguyen K, Kwan T, Nguyen T, Hoang T. Distribution and magnitude of shear stress after coronary bifurcation lesions stenting with the classical crush technique: a new predictor for in-stent restenosis. J Interv Cardiol. 2010;23:330-340.
93. Papafaklis MI, Bourantas CV, Theodorakis PE, Katsouras CS, Naka KK, Fotiadis DI, Michalis LK. The effect of shear stress on neointimal response following sirolimus- and paclitaxel-eluting stent implantation compared with bare-metal stents in humans. J Am Coll Cardiol Cardiovasc Interv. 2010;3:1181-1189.
94. Baber U, Mehran R, Sharma SK, Brar S, Yu J, Suh J-W, Kim H-S, Park S-J, Kastrati A, de Waha A, Krishnan P, Moreno P, Sweeny J, Kim MC, Suleman J, Pyo R, Wiley J, Kovacic J, Kini AS, Dangas GD. Impact of the everolimus-eluting stent on stent thrombosis: a meta-analysis of 13 randomized trials. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2011;58:1569-1577.
95. Park KW, Chae I-H, Lim D-S, Han K-R, Yang H-M, Lee H-Y, Kang H-J, Koo B-K, Ahn T, Yoon J-H, Jeong M-H, Hong T-J, Chung W-Y, Jo S-H, Choi Y-J, Hur S-H, Kwon H-M, Jeon D-W, Kim B-O, Park S-H, Lee N-H, Jeon H-K, Gwon H-C, Jang Y-S, Kim H-S. Everolimus-eluting versus sirolimus-eluting stents in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: the EXCELLENT (Efficacy of Xience/Promus Versus Cypher to Reduce Late Loss After Stenting) randomized trial. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2011;58:1844 -1854.
96. Dauerman HL. The magic of disappearing stents. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2011;58:1589-1591.