Structure-function relationship of the saponins from the roots of Platycodon grandiflorum for hemolytic and adjuvant activity

International Immunopharmacology

Volumn 11, Issue 12, 2011, Pages 2047-2056

  Sun, Hongxiang ^a   Chen, Liqing ^a   Wang, Juanjuan ^a   Wang, Kuiwu ^b   Zhou, Jiyong ^a  

^a ZHEJIANG UNIVERSITY   (China)

^b ZHEJIANG GONGSHANG UNIVERSITY   (China)

Author keywords

Adjuvanticity; Avian influenza vaccine; Hemolysis; Platycodon grandiflorum; Saponin; Structure function

Indexed keywords

CONCANAVALIN A; DEAPIOPLATYCOSIDE E; IMMUNOGLOBULIN G; IMMUNOGLOBULIN G1; IMMUNOGLOBULIN G2A; IMMUNOGLOBULIN G2B; LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE; NEWCASTLE DISEASE VACCINE; PLATYCODIN; PLATYCODIN D2; PLATYCODIN D3; PLATYCODON GRANDIFLORUM EXTRACT; PLATYCOSIDE A; PLATYCOSIDE E; POLYGALACIN D2; SAPONIN; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

ANTIBODY RESPONSE; ANTIBODY TITER; ARTICLE; CELL PROLIFERATION; DRUG ACTIVITY; DRUG POTENCY; FEMALE; HEMOLYSIS; IMMUNE RESPONSE; IMMUNIZATION; MEDICINAL PLANT; MOUSE; NATURAL KILLER CELL; NONHUMAN; PLANT ROOT; PLATYCODON GRANDIFLORUM; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVERSED PHASE HIGH PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY; SPLEEN CELL; STRUCTURE ACTIVITY RELATION;

ADJUVANTS, IMMUNOLOGIC; ANIMALS; ANTIBODIES; CELL PROLIFERATION; FEMALE; HEMOLYSIS; HEMOLYTIC AGENTS; IMMUNOGLOBULIN G; KILLER CELLS, NATURAL; MICE; MICE, INBRED ICR; NEWCASTLE DISEASE; PLANT ROOTS; PLATYCODON; SAPONINS; SPLEEN; STRUCTURE-ACTIVITY RELATIONSHIP; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

EID: 81855185501     PISSN: 15675769     EISSN: 18781705     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2011.08.018     Document Type: Article

References (68)

1. Z.D. He, C.F. Qiao, Q.B. Han, Y. Wang, W.C. Ye, and H.X. Xu New triterpenoid saponins from the roots of Platycodon grandiflorum Tetrahedron 61 8 2005 2211 2215 (Pubitemid 40203216)
2. Y.S. Kim, J.S. Kim, S.U. Choi, J.S. Kim, H.S. Lee, and S.H. Roh Isolation of a new saponin and cytotoxic effect of saponins from the root of Platycodon grandiflorum on human tumor cell lines Planta Med 71 6 2005 566 568 (Pubitemid 40910606)
3. W.W. Fu, D.Q. Dou, N. Shimizu, T. Takeda, Y.H. Pei, and Y.J. Chen Studies on the chemical constituents from the roots of Platycodon grandiflorum J Nat Med 60 1 2006 68 72
4. W.W. Fu, N. Shimizu, D.Q. Dou, T. Takeda, R. Fu, and Y.H. Pei Five new triterpenoid saponins from the roots of Platycodon grandiflorum Chem Parma Bull 54 4 2006 557 560
5. L.J. Li, Z.H. Liu, Y. Chen, and J.K. Tian Chemical constituents from roots of Platycodon grandiflorum China J Chin Mat Med 31 18 2006 1506 1509
6. W.W. Fu, N. Shimizu, T. Takeda, D.Q. Dou, B. Chen, and Y.H. Pei New A-ring lactone triterpenoid saponins from the roots of Platycodon grandiflorum Chem Pharm Bull 54 9 2006 1285 1287 (Pubitemid 44351522)
7. W. Li, L. Xiang, J. Zhang, Y.N. Zheng, L.K. Han, and M. Saito A new triterpenoid saponin from the roots of Platycodon grandiflorum Chin Chem Lett 18 3 2007 306 308
8. L. Zhang, Z.H. Liu, and J.K. Tian Cytotoxic triterpenoid saponins from the roots of Platycodon grandiflorum Molecules 12 4 2007 832 841
9. Y.H. Choi, D.S. Yoo, C.W. Choi, M.R. Cha, Y.S. Kim, and H.S. Lee Platyconic acid A, a genuine triterpenoid saponin from the roots of Platycodon grandiflorum Molecules 13 11 2008 2871 2879
10. K.J. Lee, D.W. Shin, Y.C. Chung, and H.G. Jeong Chemopreventive effect of saponins derived from roots of Platycodon grandiflorum on 4-(methylnitrosamino) -1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone- induced lung tumorigenesis in A/J mice Arch Pharm Res 29 8 2006 651 656
11. K.J. Lee, J.Y. Kim, J.H. Choi, H.G. Kim, Y.C. Chung, and S.H. Roh Inhibition of tumor invasion and metastasis by aqueous extract of the radix of Platycodon grandiflorum Food Chem Toxicol 44 11 2006 1890 1896 (Pubitemid 44894149)
12. M.O. Kim, D.O. Moon, Y.H. Choi, D.Y. Shin, H.S. Kang, and B.T. Choi Platycodin D induces apoptosis and decreases telomerase activity in human leukemia cells Cancer Lett 261 1 2008 98 107
13. K.J. Lee, S.J. Hwang, J.H. Choi, and H.G. Jeong Saponins derived from the roots of Platycodon grandiflorum inhibit HT-1080 cell invasion and MMPs activities: regulation of NF-κB activation via ROS signal pathway Cancer Lett 268 2 2008 233 243
14. D.Y. Shin, G.Y. Kim, W. Li, B.T. Choi, N.D. Kim, and H.S. Kang Implication of intracellular ROS formation, caspase-3 activation and Egr-1 induction in platycodon D-induced apoptosis of U937 human leukemia cells Biomed Pharmacother 63 2 2009 86 94
15. Y.H. Choi, D.S. Yoo, M.R. Cha, C.W. Choi, Y.S. Kim, and S.U. Choi Antiproliferative effects of saponins from the roots of Platycodon grandiflorum on cultured human tumor cells J Nat Prod 73 11 2010 1863 1867
16. Q. Hu, R.L. Pan, L.W. Wang, B. Peng, J.T. Tang, and X.M. Liu Platycodon grandiflorum induces apoptosis in SKOV3 human ovarian cancer cells through mitochondrial-dependent pathway Am J Chin Med 38 2 2010 373 386
17. E.H. Han, J.H. Park, J.Y. Kim, Y.C. Chung, and H.G. Jeong Inhibitory mechanism of saponins derived from roots of Platycodon grandiflorum on anaphylactic reaction and IgE-mediated allergic response in mast cells Food Chem Toxicol 47 6 2009 1069 1075
18. H2 immune responses in a murine model of 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene- induced atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 106 1 2011 54 61
19. H.G. Kim, T.T. Hien, E.H. Han, Y.C. Chung, and H.G. Jeong Molecular mechanism of endothelial nitric-oxide synthase activation by Platycodon grandiflorum root-derived saponins Toxicol Lett 195 2-3 2010 106 113
20. K.J. Lee, C.Y. Choi, Y.C. Chung, Y.S. Kim, S.Y. Ryu, and S.H. Roh Protective effect of saponins derived from roots of Platycodon grandiflorum on tert-butyl hydroperoxide-induced oxidative hepatotoxicity Toxicol Lett 147 3 2004 271 282 (Pubitemid 38177549)
21. K.J. Lee, J.Y. Kim, K.S. Jung, C.Y. Choi, Y.C. Chung, and D.H. Kim Suppressive effects of Platycodon grandiflorum on the progress of carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatic fibrosis Arch Pharm Res 27 12 2004 1238 1244
22. K.J. Lee, J.H. Choi, H.G. Kim, E.H. Han, Y.P. Hwang, and Y.C. Lee Protective effect of saponins derived from the roots of Platycodon grandiflorum against carbon tetrachloride induced hepatotoxicity in mice Food Chem Toxicol 46 5 2008 1778 1785
23. T. Khanal, J.H. Choi, Y.P. Hwang, Y.C. Chung, and H.G. Jeong Saponins isolated from the root of Platycodon grandiflorum protect against acute ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity in mice Food Chem Toxicol 47 3 2009 530 535
24. T Khanal, J.H. Choi, Y.P. Hwang, Y.C. Chung, and H.G. Jeong Protective effects of saponins from the root of Platycodon grandiflorum against fatty liver in chronic ethanol feeding via the activation of AMP-dependent protein kinase Food Chem Toxicol 47 2009 2749 2754
25. K.Y. Yoo, O.K. Park, I.K. Hwang, H. Li, S.Y. Ryu, and I.J. Kang Induction of cell proliferation and neuroblasts in the subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus by aqueous extract from Platycodon grandiflorum in middle-aged mice Neurosci Lett 444 1 2008 97 101
26. J.H. Choi, K.Y. Yoo, O.K. Park, C.H. Lee, M.H. Won, and I.K. Hwang Platycodin D and 2″-o-acetyl-polygalacin D2 isolated from Platycodon grandiflorum protect ischemia/reperfusion injury in the gerbil hippocampus Brain Res 1279 2009 197 208
27. M.K. Moon, J.Y. Ahn, S. Kim, S.Y. Ryu, Y.S. Kim, and T.Y. Ha Ethanol extract and saponin of Platycodon grandiflorum ameliorate scopolamine-induced amnesia in mice J Med Food 13 3 2010 584 588
28. H.L. Zhao, S.V. Harding, C.P. Marinangeli, Y.S. Kim, and P.J. Jones Hypocholesterolemic and anti-obesity effects of saponins from Platycodon grandiflorum in hamsters fed atherogenic diets J Food Sci 73 8 2008 H195 H200
29. J.R. Noh, Y.H. Kim, G.T. Gang, K.J. Yang, S.K. Kim, and S.Y. Ryu Preventative effects of Platycodon grandiflorum treatment on hepatic steatosis in high fat diet-fed C57BL/6 mice Biol Pharm Bull 33 3 2010 450 454
30. J.Y. Lee, J.W. Yoon, C.T. Kim, and S.T. Lim Antioxidant activity of phenylpropanoid esters isolated and identified from Platycodon grandiflorum A. DC. Phytochemistry 65 22 2004 3033 3039
31. J. Zheng, J. He, B. Ji, Y. Li, and X. Zhang Antihyperglycemic effects of Platycodon grandiflorum (Jacq.) A. DC. extract on streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice Plant Foods Hum Nutr 62 1 2007 7 11 (Pubitemid 46327406)
32. H.M. Jeong, E.H. Han, Y.H. Jin, Y.P. Hwang, H.G. Kim, and B.H. Park Saponins from the roots of Platycodon grandiflorum stimulate osteoblast differentiation via p38 MAPK- and ERK-dependent RUNX2 activation Food Chem Toxicol 48 12 2010 3362 3368
33. Y. Xie, H.J. Pan, H.X. Sun, and D. Li A promising balanced Th1 and Th2 directing immunological adjuvant, saponins from the root of Platycodon grandiflorum Vaccine 26 31 2008 3937 3945
34. Y. Xie, Y.P. Ye, H.X. Sun, and D. Li Contribution of the glycidic moieties to the haemolytic and adjuvant activity of platycodigenin-type saponins from the root of Platycodon grandiflorum Vaccine 26 27 2008 3450 3458
35. Y. Xie, W. Deng, H.X. Sun, and D. Li Platycodin D2 is an immunological adjuvant of balanced Th1/Th2 immune responses to ovalbumin in mice Int Immunopharmacol 8 8 2008 1143 1150
36. W.R. Santos, R.R. Bernardo, L.M. Pecanha, M. Palatnik, J.P. Parente, and C.B. de-Sousa Haemolytic activities of plant saponins and adjuvants Effect of Periandra mediterranea saponin on the humoral response to the FML antigen of Leishmania donovani Vaccine 15 9 1997 1024 1029 (Pubitemid 27308581)
37. Y. Xie, H.X. Sun, and D. Li Platycodin D improves the immunogenicity of Newcastle disease virus-based recombinant avian influenza vaccine in mice Chem Biodivers 7 3 2010 677 689
38. H. Ishii, K. Yori, T. Tozyo, and Y. Yoshimura Saponins from roots of Platycodon grandiflorum. Part 2. Isolation and structure of new triterpene glycosides J Chem Soc Pekin Trans 1 10 1984 661 668
39. T. Nikado, K. Koike, K. Mitsunaga, and T. Saeki Two new triterpenoid saponins from Platycodon grandiflorum Chem Pharm Bull 47 6 1999 903 904 (Pubitemid 29315387)
40. A. Tada, Y. Kaneiwa, J. Shoji, and S. Shibata Studies on the saponins of the root of Platycodon grandiflorum A. De Candolle. I. Isolation and the structure of platycodin D Chem Pharm Bull 23 11 1975 2965 2972
41. D.J. Marciani, J.B. Press, R.C. Reynolds, A.K. Pathak, V. Pathak, and L.E. Gundy Development of semisynthetic triterpenoid saponin derivatives with immune stimulating activity Vaccine 18 27 2000 3141 3151 (Pubitemid 30345696)
42. L. Moretta, C. Bottino, C. Cantoni, M.C. Mingari, and A. Moretta Human natural killer cell function and receptors Curr Opin Pharmacol 1 4 2001 387 391 (Pubitemid 33585988)
43. J.S. Orange Formation and function of the lytic NK-cell immunological synapse Nat Rev Immunol 8 9 2008 713 725
44. E. Prieto-Lara, and A. Llanos-Méndez Safety and immunogenicity of prepandemic H5N1 influenza vaccines: a systematic review of the literature Vaccine 28 26 2010 4328 4334
45. D.J. Alexander An overview of the epidemiology of avian influenza Vaccine 25 30 2007 5637 5644 (Pubitemid 47031360)
46. I. Capua, and D.J. Alexander Animal and human health implications of avian influenza infections Biosci Rep 27 6 2007 359 372 (Pubitemid 350163716)
47. I. Capua, and S. Marangon Control and prevention of avian influenza in an evolving scenario Vaccine 25 30 2007 5645 5652 (Pubitemid 47031361)
48. J.S. Malik Peiris, M.D. de Jong, and Y. Guan Avian influenza virus (H5N1): a threat to human health Clin Microbiol Rev 20 2 2007 243 267 (Pubitemid 46709304)
49. S.P. Pavlovaa, J. Veitsa, G.M. Keila, T.C. Mettenleiter, and W. Fuchs Protection of chickens against H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus infection by live vaccination with infectious laryngotracheitis virus recombinants expressing H5 hemagglutinin and N1 neuraminidase Vaccine 27 5 2009 773 785
50. J.A. Van der Goot, G. Koch, M.C.M. De Jong, and M. van Boven Quantification of the effect of vaccination on transmission of avian influenza H7N7 in chickens Proc Nat Acad Sci 102 50 2005 18141 18146 (Pubitemid 41798515)
51. J.E. McElhaney The unmet need in the elderly: designing new influenza vaccines for older adults Vaccine 23 Suppl. 1 2005 S10 S25
52. A. Wack, B.C. Baudner, A.K. Hilbert, I. Manini, S. Nuti, and S. Tavarini Combination adjuvants for the induction of potent, long-lasting antibody and T-cell responses to influenza vaccine in mice Vaccine 26 24 2008 552 561
53. J.J. Treanor, J.D. Campbell, K.M. Zangwill, T. Rowe, and M. Wolff Safety and immunogenicity of an inactivated subvirion influenza A (H5N1) vaccine N Engl J Med 354 2006 1343 1351
54. J.M. Wood Developing vaccines against pandemic influenza Philos Trans R Soc Lond B 356 2001 1953 1960 (Pubitemid 34099103)
55. W.A. Oleszek Chromatographic determination of plant saponins J Chromatogr A 967 1 2002 147 162 (Pubitemid 34786589)
56. W. Oleszek, and Z. Bialy Chromatographic determination of plant saponins-an update (2002-2005) J Chromatogr A 1112 1-2 2006 78 91
57. T. Germann, M. Bongartz, H. Dlugonska, H. Hess, E. Schmitt, and L. Kolbe Interleukin-12 profoundly up-regulates the synthesis of antigen-specific complement-fixing IgG2a, IgG2b and IgG3 antibody subclasses in vivo Eur J Immunol 25 3 1995 823 829
58. F.D. Finkelman, J. Holmes, I.M. Katona, J.F. Urban Jr., M.P. Beckmann, and L.S. Park Lymphokine control of in vivo immunoglobulin isotype selection Annu Rev Immunol 8 1990 303 333
59. K.S. Ahn, E.J. Noh, H.L. Zhao, S.H. Jung, S.S. Kang, and Y.S. Kim Inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase II by Platycodon grandiflorum saponins via suppression of nuclear factor-κB activation in RAW 264.7 cells Life Sci 76 20 2005 2315 2328 (Pubitemid 40313419)
60. S. Soltysik, J.Y. Wu, J. Recchia, D.A. Wheeler, M.J. Newman, and R.T. Coughlin Structure/function studies of QS-21 adjuvant: assessment of triterpene aldehyde and glucuronic acid roles in adjuvant function Vaccine 13 15 1995 1403 1410
61. R. Bomford, M. Stapleton, S. Winsor, J.E. Beesley, E.A. Jessup, and K. Price Adjuvanticity and ISCOM formation by structurally diverse saponins Vaccine 10 9 1992 572 577
62. C.R. Kensil Saponins as vaccine adjuvants Crit Rev Ther Drug Carrier Syst 13 1-2 1996 1 55 (Pubitemid 26300177)
63. C.R. Kensil, S. Soltysik, U. Patel, and D. Marciani Structure/function relationship on adjuvants from Quillaja saponaria Molina F. Brown, R.M. Chanock, H.S. Ginsberg, R.A. Lerner, Vaccines Vol. 92 1992 Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press New York 35 40
64. H.X. Sun, Y. Xie, and Y.P. Ye Advances in saponin-based adjuvants Vaccine 27 12 2009 1787 1796
65. K. Oda, H. Matsuda, T. Murakami, S. Katayama, T. Ohgitani, and M. Yoshikawa Relationship between adjuvant activity and amphipathic structure of soyasaponins Vaccine 21 17/18 2003 2145 2151
66. H.X. Sun, F. Qin, and Y.P. Ye Relationship between haemolytic and adjuvant activity and structure of protopanaxadiol-type saponins from the roots of Panax notoginseng Vaccine 23 48-49 2005 5533 5542 (Pubitemid 41608602)
67. H.X. Sun, Z.G. Yang, and Y.P. Ye Structure and biological activity of protopanaxatriol-type saponins from the roots of Panax notoginseng Int Immunopharmacol 6 1 2006 14 25
68. K. Oda, H. Matsuda, T. Murakami, S. Katayama, T. Ohgitani, and M. Yoshikawa Adjuvant and haemolytic activities of 47 saponins derived from medicinal and food plants Biol Chem 381 1 2000 67 74 (Pubitemid 30102877)