메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 61, Issue 1, 2011, Pages 82-92

Development of a source-to-outcome model for dietary exposures to insecticide residues: An example using chlorpyrifos

Author keywords

Anthropometry; Chlorpyrifos; Diet; Longitudinal exposure; PBPD; PBPK; Source to outcome; Variation

Indexed keywords

ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE; CHLORPYRIFOS; INSECTICIDE;

EID: 80052407078     PISSN: 02732300     EISSN: 10960295     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2011.06.004     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (23)

References (52)
  • 2
    • 73749085788 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative pharmacokinetics of chlorpyrifos versus its major metabolites following oral administration in the rat
    • Busby-Hjerpe A.L., Campbell J.A., Smith J.N., Lee S., Poet T.S., Barr D.B., et al. Comparative pharmacokinetics of chlorpyrifos versus its major metabolites following oral administration in the rat. Toxicology 2010, 268(1-2):55-63.
    • (2010) Toxicology , vol.268 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 55-63
    • Busby-Hjerpe, A.L.1    Campbell, J.A.2    Smith, J.N.3    Lee, S.4    Poet, T.S.5    Barr, D.B.6
  • 3
    • 0030893296 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biotransformation of parathion in human liver: participation of CYP3A4 and its inactivation during microsomal parathion oxidation
    • Butler A.M., Murray M. Biotransformation of parathion in human liver: participation of CYP3A4 and its inactivation during microsomal parathion oxidation. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 1997, 280(2):966-973.
    • (1997) J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. , vol.280 , Issue.2 , pp. 966-973
    • Butler, A.M.1    Murray, M.2
  • 4
    • 0021166647 scopus 로고
    • Gross tissue weights in the human body by cadaver dissection
    • Clarys J.P., Martin A.D., Drinkwater D.T. Gross tissue weights in the human body by cadaver dissection. Human Biol. 1984, 56(3):459-473.
    • (1984) Human Biol. , vol.56 , Issue.3 , pp. 459-473
    • Clarys, J.P.1    Martin, A.D.2    Drinkwater, D.T.3
  • 6
    • 22944478632 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toxicity of chlorpyrifos and chlorpyrifos oxon in a transgenic mouse model of the human paraoxonase (PON1) Q192R polymorphism
    • Cole T.B., Walter B.J., Shih D.M., Tward A.D., Lusis A.J., Timchalk C., et al. Toxicity of chlorpyrifos and chlorpyrifos oxon in a transgenic mouse model of the human paraoxonase (PON1) Q192R polymorphism. Pharmacogenet. Genomics 2005, 15(8):589-598.
    • (2005) Pharmacogenet. Genomics , vol.15 , Issue.8 , pp. 589-598
    • Cole, T.B.1    Walter, B.J.2    Shih, D.M.3    Tward, A.D.4    Lusis, A.J.5    Timchalk, C.6
  • 7
    • 11844296648 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measurement of paraoxonase (PON1) status as a potential biomarker of susceptibility to organophosphate toxicity
    • Costa L.G., Cole T.B., Vitalone A., Furlong C.E. Measurement of paraoxonase (PON1) status as a potential biomarker of susceptibility to organophosphate toxicity. Clin. Chim. Acta 2005, 352(1-2):37-47.
    • (2005) Clin. Chim. Acta , vol.352 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 37-47
    • Costa, L.G.1    Cole, T.B.2    Vitalone, A.3    Furlong, C.E.4
  • 8
    • 0030293198 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of the human serum paraoxonase polymorphism is reversed with diazoxon, soman and sarin
    • Davies H.G., Richter R.J., Keifer M., Broomfield C.A., Sowalla J., Furlong C.E. The effect of the human serum paraoxonase polymorphism is reversed with diazoxon, soman and sarin. Nat. Genet. 1996, 14(3):334-336.
    • (1996) Nat. Genet. , vol.14 , Issue.3 , pp. 334-336
    • Davies, H.G.1    Richter, R.J.2    Keifer, M.3    Broomfield, C.A.4    Sowalla, J.5    Furlong, C.E.6
  • 9
    • 0025847748 scopus 로고
    • Body mass index as a measure of body fatness: age- and sex-specific prediction formulas
    • Deurenberg P., Weststrate J.A., Seidell J.C. Body mass index as a measure of body fatness: age- and sex-specific prediction formulas. Br. J. Nutr. 1991, 65(2):105-114.
    • (1991) Br. J. Nutr. , vol.65 , Issue.2 , pp. 105-114
    • Deurenberg, P.1    Weststrate, J.A.2    Seidell, J.C.3
  • 11
    • 0030819243 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Body composition of a young multiethnic male population
    • Ellis K.J. Body composition of a young multiethnic male population. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 1997, 66:1323-1331.
    • (1997) Am. J. Clin. Nutr. , vol.66 , pp. 1323-1331
    • Ellis, K.J.1
  • 12
    • 0031047627 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Body composition of a young multiethnic female population
    • Ellis K.J., Abrams S.J., Wong W.W. Body composition of a young multiethnic female population. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 1997, 65:724-731.
    • (1997) Am. J. Clin. Nutr. , vol.65 , pp. 724-731
    • Ellis, K.J.1    Abrams, S.J.2    Wong, W.W.3
  • 13
    • 23844520965 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of paraoxonase (PON1) status in pesticide sensitivity: genetic and temporal determinants
    • Furlong C.E., Cole T.B., Jarvik G.P., Pettan-Brewer C., Geiss G.K., Richter R.J., et al. Role of paraoxonase (PON1) status in pesticide sensitivity: genetic and temporal determinants. Neurotoxicology 2005, 26(4):651-659.
    • (2005) Neurotoxicology , vol.26 , Issue.4 , pp. 651-659
    • Furlong, C.E.1    Cole, T.B.2    Jarvik, G.P.3    Pettan-Brewer, C.4    Geiss, G.K.5    Richter, R.J.6
  • 15
    • 70350324609 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cholinesterase inhibition in chlorpyrifos workers: Characterization of biomarkers of exposure and response in relation to urinary TCPy
    • Garabrant D.H., Aylward L.L., Berent S., Chen Q.X., Timchalk C., Burns C.J., et al. Cholinesterase inhibition in chlorpyrifos workers: Characterization of biomarkers of exposure and response in relation to urinary TCPy. J. Exposure Sci. Environ. Epidemiol. 2009, 19(7):634-642.
    • (2009) J. Exposure Sci. Environ. Epidemiol. , vol.19 , Issue.7 , pp. 634-642
    • Garabrant, D.H.1    Aylward, L.L.2    Berent, S.3    Chen, Q.X.4    Timchalk, C.5    Burns, C.J.6
  • 16
    • 3242706911 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Incorporating pharmacokinetic differences between children and adults in assessing children's risks to environmental toxicants
    • Ginsberg G., Hattis D., Sonawane B. Incorporating pharmacokinetic differences between children and adults in assessing children's risks to environmental toxicants. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 2004, 198(2):164-183.
    • (2004) Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. , vol.198 , Issue.2 , pp. 164-183
    • Ginsberg, G.1    Hattis, D.2    Sonawane, B.3
  • 17
    • 0032939378 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oral and dermal absorption of chlorpyrifos: a human volunteer study
    • Griffin P., Mason H., Heywood K., Cocker J. Oral and dermal absorption of chlorpyrifos: a human volunteer study. Occup. Environ. Med. 1999, 56(1):10-13.
    • (1999) Occup. Environ. Med. , vol.56 , Issue.1 , pp. 10-13
    • Griffin, P.1    Mason, H.2    Heywood, K.3    Cocker, J.4
  • 18
    • 0017864678 scopus 로고
    • Geometric method for measuring body surface area: a height-weight formula validated in infants, children, and adults
    • Haycock G.B., Schwartz G.J., Wisotsky D.H. Geometric method for measuring body surface area: a height-weight formula validated in infants, children, and adults. J. Pediatr. 1978, 93(1):62-66.
    • (1978) J. Pediatr. , vol.93 , Issue.1 , pp. 62-66
    • Haycock, G.B.1    Schwartz, G.J.2    Wisotsky, D.H.3
  • 19
    • 0019125602 scopus 로고
    • Analysis of brain weight. I. Adult brain weight in relation to sex, race, and age
    • Ho K.C., Roessmann U., Straumfjord J.V., Monroe G. Analysis of brain weight. I. Adult brain weight in relation to sex, race, and age. Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med. 1980, 104(12):635-639.
    • (1980) Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med. , vol.104 , Issue.12 , pp. 635-639
    • Ho, K.C.1    Roessmann, U.2    Straumfjord, J.V.3    Monroe, G.4
  • 20
    • 0035121426 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling of inhalation exposure of humans to dichloromethane during moderate to heavy exercise
    • Jonsson F., Bois F., Johanson G. Physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling of inhalation exposure of humans to dichloromethane during moderate to heavy exercise. Toxicol Sci. 2001, 59(2):209-218.
    • (2001) Toxicol Sci. , vol.59 , Issue.2 , pp. 209-218
    • Jonsson, F.1    Bois, F.2    Johanson, G.3
  • 21
    • 0022545216 scopus 로고
    • The influence of age, sex, race, and body habitus on kidney weight in humans
    • Kasiske B.L., Umen A.J. The influence of age, sex, race, and body habitus on kidney weight in humans. Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med. 1986, 110(1):55-60.
    • (1986) Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med. , vol.110 , Issue.1 , pp. 55-60
    • Kasiske, B.L.1    Umen, A.J.2
  • 22
    • 80052397570 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Rising Dose Toxicology Study to Determine the No-Observable-Effect-Levels (NOEL) for Erythrocyte Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) Inhibition and Cholinergic Signs and Symptoms of Chlorpyrifos at Three Dose Levels. The Toxicology Research Laboratory: Health and Environmental Research Laboratories, The Dow Chemical Company, Midland, MI, USA.
    • Kisicki, J. C., Seip, C. W., Combs, M. L., 1999. A Rising Dose Toxicology Study to Determine the No-Observable-Effect-Levels (NOEL) for Erythrocyte Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) Inhibition and Cholinergic Signs and Symptoms of Chlorpyrifos at Three Dose Levels. The Toxicology Research Laboratory: Health and Environmental Research Laboratories, The Dow Chemical Company, Midland, MI, USA.
    • (1999)
    • Kisicki, J.C.1    Seip, C.W.2    Combs, M.L.3
  • 23
    • 84860214630 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ILSI, Cumulative and Aggregate Risk Evaluation System (CARES)™. Available: [accessed December 12 2009].
    • ILSI, Cumulative and Aggregate Risk Evaluation System (CARES)™. Available: [accessed December 12 2009]. http://www.ilsi.org.
  • 24
    • 57349122359 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of Nicotine Exposure on In Vitro Metabolism of Chlorpyrifos in Male Sprague-Dawley Rats
    • Lee S., Busby A.L., Timchalk C., Poet T.S. Effects of Nicotine Exposure on In Vitro Metabolism of Chlorpyrifos in Male Sprague-Dawley Rats. J. Toxicol. Environ. Health Part A 2009, 72(2):74-82.
    • (2009) J. Toxicol. Environ. Health Part A , vol.72 , Issue.2 , pp. 74-82
    • Lee, S.1    Busby, A.L.2    Timchalk, C.3    Poet, T.S.4
  • 25
    • 80052400252 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • LifeLine, Technical Manual LifeLine™ Version 4.3 Software The LifeLine Group Inc.
    • LifeLine, 2006. Technical Manual LifeLine™ Version 4.3 Software The LifeLine Group Inc.
    • (2006)
  • 26
    • 64349097079 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of plasma lipids on the pharmacokinetics of chlorpyrifos and the impact on interpretation of blood biomonitoring data
    • Lowe E.R., Poet T.S., Rick D.L., Marty M.S., Mattsson J.L., Timchalk C., et al. The effect of plasma lipids on the pharmacokinetics of chlorpyrifos and the impact on interpretation of blood biomonitoring data. Toxicol. Sci. 2009, 108(2):258-272.
    • (2009) Toxicol. Sci. , vol.108 , Issue.2 , pp. 258-272
    • Lowe, E.R.1    Poet, T.S.2    Rick, D.L.3    Marty, M.S.4    Mattsson, J.L.5    Timchalk, C.6
  • 27
    • 36248964687 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of route, vehicle, and divided doses on the pharmacokinetics of chlorpyrifos and its metabolite trichloropyridinol in neonatal Sprague-Dawley rats
    • Marty M.S., Domoradzki J.Y., Hansen S.C., Timchalk C., Bartels M.J., Mattsson J.L. The effect of route, vehicle, and divided doses on the pharmacokinetics of chlorpyrifos and its metabolite trichloropyridinol in neonatal Sprague-Dawley rats. Toxicol. Sci. 2007, 100(2):360-373.
    • (2007) Toxicol. Sci. , vol.100 , Issue.2 , pp. 360-373
    • Marty, M.S.1    Domoradzki, J.Y.2    Hansen, S.C.3    Timchalk, C.4    Bartels, M.J.5    Mattsson, J.L.6
  • 28
    • 80052400076 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anthropometric Reference Data for Children and Adults: US Population, 1999-2002, 361.Centers of Disease Control.
    • McDowell, M., Fryar, C.D., Hirsch, R., Ogden, C.L. 2005. Anthropometric Reference Data for Children and Adults: US Population, 1999-2002, 361.Centers of Disease Control.
    • (2005)
    • McDowell, M.1    Fryar, C.D.2    Hirsch, R.3    Ogden, C.L.4
  • 31
    • 0036295169 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimating total body water in children on the basis of height and weight: a reevaluation of the formulas of Mellits and Cheek
    • Morgenstern B.Z., Mahoney D.W., Warady B.A. Estimating total body water in children on the basis of height and weight: a reevaluation of the formulas of Mellits and Cheek. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 2002, 13(7):1884-1888.
    • (2002) J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. , vol.13 , Issue.7 , pp. 1884-1888
    • Morgenstern, B.Z.1    Mahoney, D.W.2    Warady, B.A.3
  • 32
    • 0033654537 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Blood cholinesterases as human biomarkers of organophosphorus pesticide exposure
    • Nigg H.N., Knaak J.B. Blood cholinesterases as human biomarkers of organophosphorus pesticide exposure. Rev. Environ. Contam. T 2000, 163:29-111.
    • (2000) Rev. Environ. Contam. T , vol.163 , pp. 29-111
    • Nigg, H.N.1    Knaak, J.B.2
  • 33
    • 0030905441 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Liver volume in children measured by computed tomography
    • Noda T., Todani T., Watanabe Y., Yamamoto S. Liver volume in children measured by computed tomography. Pediatr. Radiol. 1997, 27(3):250-252.
    • (1997) Pediatr. Radiol. , vol.27 , Issue.3 , pp. 250-252
    • Noda, T.1    Todani, T.2    Watanabe, Y.3    Yamamoto, S.4
  • 35
    • 0031019410 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A statistical analysis of the internal organ weights of normal Japanese people
    • Ogiu N., Nakamura Y., Ijiri I., Hiraiwa K., Ogiu T. A statistical analysis of the internal organ weights of normal Japanese people. Health Phys. 1997, 72(3):368-383.
    • (1997) Health Phys. , vol.72 , Issue.3 , pp. 368-383
    • Ogiu, N.1    Nakamura, Y.2    Ijiri, I.3    Hiraiwa, K.4    Ogiu, T.5
  • 37
    • 0029048815 scopus 로고
    • Organophosphate detoxication potential of various rat tissues via A- esterase and aliesterase activities
    • Pond A.L., Chambers H.W., Chambers J.E. Organophosphate detoxication potential of various rat tissues via A- esterase and aliesterase activities. Toxicol. Lett. 1995, 78(3):245-252.
    • (1995) Toxicol. Lett. , vol.78 , Issue.3 , pp. 245-252
    • Pond, A.L.1    Chambers, H.W.2    Chambers, J.E.3
  • 38
    • 4143064780 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Children as a sensitive subpopulation for the risk assessment process
    • Preston R.J. Children as a sensitive subpopulation for the risk assessment process. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 2004, 199(2):132-141.
    • (2004) Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. , vol.199 , Issue.2 , pp. 132-141
    • Preston, R.J.1
  • 40
  • 41
    • 0012341195 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Understanding the toxic actions of organophosphates
    • Academic Press, San Diego, CA, R. Krieger (Ed.)
    • Savolainen K. Understanding the toxic actions of organophosphates. Handbook of Pesticide Toxiology, (2nd Ed.) 2001, 1013-1041. Academic Press, San Diego, CA. R. Krieger (Ed.).
    • (2001) Handbook of Pesticide Toxiology, (2nd Ed.) , pp. 1013-1041
    • Savolainen, K.1
  • 43
    • 66049098146 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative chlorpyrifos pharmacokinetics via multiple routes of exposure and vehicles of administration in the adult rat
    • Smith J.N., Campbell J.A., Busby-Hjerpe A.L., Lee S., Poet T.S., Barr D.B., et al. Comparative chlorpyrifos pharmacokinetics via multiple routes of exposure and vehicles of administration in the adult rat. Toxicology 2009, 261(1-2):47-58.
    • (2009) Toxicology , vol.261 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 47-58
    • Smith, J.N.1    Campbell, J.A.2    Busby-Hjerpe, A.L.3    Lee, S.4    Poet, T.S.5    Barr, D.B.6
  • 44
    • 34447098553 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative pharmacokinetics of the organophosphorus insecticide chlorpyrifos and its major metabolites diethylphosphate, diethylthiophosphate and 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol in the rat
    • Timchalk C., Busby A., Campbell J.A., Needham L.L., Barr D.B. Comparative pharmacokinetics of the organophosphorus insecticide chlorpyrifos and its major metabolites diethylphosphate, diethylthiophosphate and 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol in the rat. Toxicology 2007, 237(1-3):145-157.
    • (2007) Toxicology , vol.237 , Issue.1-3 , pp. 145-157
    • Timchalk, C.1    Busby, A.2    Campbell, J.A.3    Needham, L.L.4    Barr, D.B.5
  • 45
    • 0037026733 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monte Carlo analysis of the human chlorpyrifos-oxonase (PON1) polymorphism using a physiologically based pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic (PBPK/PD) model
    • Timchalk C., Kousba A., Poet T. Monte Carlo analysis of the human chlorpyrifos-oxonase (PON1) polymorphism using a physiologically based pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic (PBPK/PD) model. Toxicol. Lett. 2002, 135(1-2):51.
    • (2002) Toxicol. Lett. , vol.135 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 51
    • Timchalk, C.1    Kousba, A.2    Poet, T.3
  • 46
    • 64349091794 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of a neonatal rat physiologically based pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PBPK/PD) model for chlorpyrifos
    • Timchalk C., Kousba A., Poet T.S. Development of a neonatal rat physiologically based pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PBPK/PD) model for chlorpyrifos. Toxicol. Sci. 2003, 72(1):305.
    • (2003) Toxicol. Sci. , vol.72 , Issue.1 , pp. 305
    • Timchalk, C.1    Kousba, A.2    Poet, T.S.3
  • 47
    • 34547839628 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An age-dependent physiologically based pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic model for the organophosphorus insecticide chlorpyrifos in the preweanling rat
    • Timchalk C., Kousba A.A., Poet T.S. An age-dependent physiologically based pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic model for the organophosphorus insecticide chlorpyrifos in the preweanling rat. Toxicol. Sci. 2007, 98(2):348-365.
    • (2007) Toxicol. Sci. , vol.98 , Issue.2 , pp. 348-365
    • Timchalk, C.1    Kousba, A.A.2    Poet, T.S.3
  • 48
    • 0036191658 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Physiologically based pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic (PBPK/PD) model for the organophosphate insecticide chlorpyrifos in rats and humans
    • Timchalk C., Nolan R.J., Mendrala A.L., Dittenber D.A., Brzak K.A., Mattsson J.L. A Physiologically based pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic (PBPK/PD) model for the organophosphate insecticide chlorpyrifos in rats and humans. Toxicol. Sci. 2002, 66(1):34-53.
    • (2002) Toxicol. Sci. , vol.66 , Issue.1 , pp. 34-53
    • Timchalk, C.1    Nolan, R.J.2    Mendrala, A.L.3    Dittenber, D.A.4    Brzak, K.A.5    Mattsson, J.L.6
  • 49
    • 44649149558 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of a physiologically based pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic model to determine dosimetry and cholinesterase inhibition for a binary mixture of chlorpyrifos and diazinon in the rat
    • Timchalk C., Poet T.S. Development of a physiologically based pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic model to determine dosimetry and cholinesterase inhibition for a binary mixture of chlorpyrifos and diazinon in the rat. Neurotoxicology 2008, 29(3):428-443.
    • (2008) Neurotoxicology , vol.29 , Issue.3 , pp. 428-443
    • Timchalk, C.1    Poet, T.S.2
  • 50
    • 80052396844 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US EPA, Analysis of Total Food Intake and Composition of Individual's Diet Based on USDA's 1994-1996, 1998 Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals (CSFII). Washington, DC, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances.
    • US EPA, 2007. Analysis of Total Food Intake and Composition of Individual's Diet Based on USDA's 1994-1996, 1998 Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals (CSFII). Washington, DC, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances.
    • (2007)
  • 51
    • 80052405374 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Washington State Department of Labor and Industries. Final Report Cholinesterase Monitoring of Pesticide Handlers in Agriculture: 2004 Report to the Washington Department of Labor and Industries The Scientific Advisory Committee for Cholinesterase Monitoring formed under RCW 49.17.288 MARCH 30, 2005.Washington State Department of Labor and Industries.
    • Washington State Department of Labor and Industries. 2005. Final Report Cholinesterase Monitoring of Pesticide Handlers in Agriculture: 2004 Report to the Washington Department of Labor and Industries The Scientific Advisory Committee for Cholinesterase Monitoring formed under RCW 49.17.288 MARCH 30, 2005.Washington State Department of Labor and Industries.
    • (2005)
  • 52
    • 0030742036 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Standard splenic volume in children and young adults measured from CT images
    • Watanabe Y., Todani T., Noda T., Yamamoto S. Standard splenic volume in children and young adults measured from CT images. Surg. Today 1997, 27(8):726-728.
    • (1997) Surg. Today , vol.27 , Issue.8 , pp. 726-728
    • Watanabe, Y.1    Todani, T.2    Noda, T.3    Yamamoto, S.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.