Effect of plant extracts on Alzheimer's disease: An insight into therapeutic avenues

Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice

Volumn 2, Issue 1, 2011, Pages 56-61

  Obulesu, M ^a,c   Rao, Dowlathabad Muralidhara ^b  

^a Garden City College of Science and Management Studies   (India)

^b SRI KRISHNADEVARAYA UNIVERSITY   (India)

^c RAYALASEEMA UNIVERSITY   (India)

Author keywords

acetyl choline esterase inhibitors; Alzheimer's disease; antiamyloid aggregation; antioxidants; plant extracts.

Indexed keywords

AMYLOID BETA PROTEIN; ANWALA CHURNA; AYURVEDIC DRUG; BRAIN MONOAMINE; CASSIA OBTISUFOLIA EXTRACT; CHINESE DRUG; CURCUMIN; DAIDZEIN; DESMODIUM GANGETICUM EXTRACT; DOPAMINE; EMBLICA OFFICINALIS EXTRACT; GINKGO BILOBA EXTRACT; GOSSYPIUM HERBACEAM EXTRACT; HERBACEOUS AGENT; KIHI TO; MELISSA OFFICINALIS EXTRACT; MORINGA OLEIFERA EXTRACT; NORADRENALIN; PLANT EXTRACT; PUERARIA THUNBERGIANA EXTRACT; ROSMARINIC ACID; SALVIA OFFICINALIS EXTRACT; SEROTONIN; TEUCRIUM POLIUM EXTRACT; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; YIZHI JIANNAO EXTRACT;

ALZHEIMER DISEASE; AMNESIA; ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY; AYURVEDA; CASSIA OBTISUFOLIA; CHEMICAL MODIFICATION; CHOLINESTERASE INHIBITION; CURCUMA LONGA; DESMODIUM GANGETICUM; DRUG COST; DRUG DETERMINATION; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG ISOLATION; DRUG TARGETING; EMBLICA OFFICINALIS; GINKGO BILOBA; HUMAN; LEARNING DISORDER; MEDICINAL PLANT; MELISSA OFFICINALIS; MEMORY DISORDER; MORINGA OLEIFERA; NEUROPROTECTION; NONHUMAN; PHARMACOLOGICAL BLOCKING; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN AGGREGATION; PUERARIA THUNBERGIANA; REVIEW; SALVIA OFFICINALIS; TEUCRIUM POLIUM; YIZHI JIANNAO;

EID: 79955722779     PISSN: 09763147     EISSN: 09763155     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.4103/0976-3147.80102     Document Type: Review

References (86)

1. Kim JK, Bae H, Kim MJ, Choi SJ, Cho HY, Hwang HJ, et al. Inhibitory effect of poncirus trifoliate on acetyl cholinesterase and attenuating activity against trimethyltin induced learning and memory impairment. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2009;73:1105-12.
2. Heo HJ, Kim MJ, Lee JM, Choi SJ, Cho HY, Hong BS, et al. Naringenin from Citrus junos has an inhibitory effect on acetylcholinesterase and a mitigating effect on amnesia. Dement. Geriatr. Cogn Disord 2004;17:151-7. (Pubitemid 38339740)
3. Prasad KN, Hovland AR, Cole WC, Prasad KC, Nahreini P, Edwards- Prasad J, et al. Multiple antioxidants in the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer disease: Analysis of biologic rationale. Clin Neuropharmacol 2000;23:2-13. (Pubitemid 30090405)
4. Terry RD, Masliah E. Physical basis of cognitive alterations in Alzheimer's disease: Synapse loss is the major correlate of cognitive impairment. Ann Neurol 1991;30:572-80.
5. Candy JW, Perry RH, Perry EK, Irving D, Blessed G, Fairbairn AF. Pathological changes in the nucleus of Meynert in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. J Neurol Sci 1983;59:277-89. (Pubitemid 13113569)
6. Loizzo MR, Tundis R, Menichini F, Menichini F. Natural products and their derivatives as cholinesterase inhibitors in the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders: An update. Curr Med Chem 2008;12:1209-28. (Pubitemid 351997808)
7. Ak T, Gulcin I. Antioxidant and radical scavenging properties of curcumin. Chem Biol Interact 2008;174:27-37.
8. Gulcin I. Antioxidant activity of caffeic acid (3,4-dihydroxycinnamic acid). Toxicology 2006;217:213-20. (Pubitemid 41773837)
9. Burda S, Oleszek W. Antioxidant and antiradical activities of fl avonoids. J Agric Food Chem 2001;49:2774-9.
10. Cardenas M, Marder M, Blank VC, Roguin LP. Antitumor activity of some natural fl avonoids and synthetic derivatives on various human and murine cancer cell lines. Bioorg Med Chem 2006;14:2966-71.
11. Li N, Liu JH, Zhang J, Yu BY. Comparative evaluation of cytotoxicity and antioxidative activity of 20 fl avonoids. J Agric Food Chem 2008;56:3876-83. (Pubitemid 351860197)
12. Kris-Etherton PM, Hecker KD, Bonanome A, Coval SM, Binkoski AE, Hilpert KF, et al. Bioactive compounds in foods: Their role in the prevention of cardiovascular disease and cancer. Am J Med 2002;113:71S-88S. (Pubitemid 36151834)
13. Drever BD, Anderson WG, Riedel, G, Kim DH, Ryu JH, Choi DY, et al. The seed extract of cassia obtusifolia offers neuroprotection to mouse hippocampal cultures. J Pharmacol Sci 2008;107:380-92.
14. Akhondzadeh S, Noroozian M, Mohammadi M, Ohadinia S, Jamshidi AH, Khani M. Melissa offi cinalis extract in the treatment of patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease: A double blind, randomised, placebo controlled trial. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2003;74:863-6. (Pubitemid 36782984)
15. Carpinella MC, Andrione DG, Ruiz G, Palacios SM. Screening for acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity in plant extracts from Argentina. Phytother Res 2009;24:259-63.
16. Peng XW, Dong KL. Clinical observation on acupuncture combined with Yizhi Jiannao granules for treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Zhongguo Zhen Jiu 2009;29:269-71.
17. Choi SJ, Jeong CH, Choi SG, Chun JY, Kim YJ, Lee J, et al. Zeatin prevents amyloid beta-induced neurotoxicity and scopolamine-induced cognitive defi cits. J Med Food 2009;12:271-7.
18. Kuete V, Ngameni B, Simo CC, Tankeu RK, Ngadjui BT, Meyer JJ, et al. Antimicrobial activity of the crude extracts and compounds from Ficus chlamydocarpa and Ficus cordata (Moraceae). J Ethnopharmacol 2008;120:17-24.
19. Sigurdsson S, Gudbjarnason S. Antimicrobial activity of the crude extracts and compounds from Ficus chlamydocarpa and Ficus cordata (Moraceae). Z Naturforsch C 2007;62:689-93.
20. Yu J, Wang L, Walzem RL, Miller EG, Pike LM, Patil BS. Antioxidant activity of citrus limonoids, fl avonoids, and coumarins. J Agric Food Chem 2005;53:2009-14. (Pubitemid 40395766)
21. Kim DH, Yoon BH, Kim YM, Lee S, Shin BY, Jung JW, et al. The seed extract of cassia obtusifolia ameliorates learning and memory impairments induced by scopolamine or transient cerebral hypoperfusion in mice. J Pharmacol Sci 2007;105:82-93. (Pubitemid 47463528)
22. Bahorun T, Gressier B, Trotin F, Brunet C, Dine T, Luyckx M, et al. Oxygen species scavenging activity of phenolic extracts from hawthorn fresh plant organs and pharmaceutical preparations. Arzneimittelforschung 1996;46:1086-9. (Pubitemid 26391747)
23. Bahorun T, Aumjaud E, Ramphul H, Rycha M, Luximon-Ramma A, Trotin F, et al. Phenolic constituents and antioxidant capacities of crataegus monogyna (hawthorn) callus extracts. Nahrung 2003;47:191-8. (Pubitemid 37378703)
24. Lien EJ, Ren S, Bui HH, Wang R. Quantitative structure-activity relationship analysis of phenolic antioxidants. Free Radic Biol Med 1999;26:285-94. (Pubitemid 29013458)
25. Luximon-Ramma A, Bahorun T, Soobrattee MA, Aruoma OI. Antioxidant activities of phenolic, proanthocyanidin, and fl avonoid components in extracts of cassia fi stula. J Agric Food Chem 2002;50:5042-7. (Pubitemid 34925088)
26. Ghayur MN, Gilani AH, Ahmed T, Khalid A, Nawaz SA, Agbedahunsi JM, et al. Muscarinic, Ca(++) antagonist and specifi c butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory activity of dried ginger extract might explain its use in dementia. J Pharm Pharmacol 2008;60:1375-83.
27. Ganguly R, Guha D. Alteration of brain monoamines and EEG wave pattern in rat model of Alzheimer's disease and protection by Moringa oleifera. Indian J Med Res 2008;128:744-51.
28. Faizi S, Siddiqui BS, Saleem R, Siddiqui S, Aftab K, Gilani AH. Fully acetylated carbamates and hypotensive thiocarbamate glycosides from Moringa oleifera. Phytochemistry 1995;38:957-63.
29. Caceres A, Saravia A, Rizzo S, Zabala L, Leon ED, Nave F. Pharmacological properties of Moringa oleifera. 2: Screening for antispasmodic, antiinfl ammatoryand diuretic activity. J Ethnopharmacol 1992;36:233-7.
30. Majumdar K, Gupta M, Chakrobarty S, Pal DK. Evaluation of hematological and hepatorenal functions of methanolic extract of Moringa oleifera Lam. root treated mice. Indian J Exp Biol 1999;37:612-4. (Pubitemid 29264453)
31. Mohan M, Kaul N, Punekar A, Girnar R, Junnare P, Patil L. Nootropic activity of Moringa oleifera leaves. J Nat Remedies 2005;5:59-62. (Pubitemid 40352692)
32. Ganguly R, Hazra R, Ray K, Guha D. Effect of Moringa oleifera in experimental model of Alzheimer's disease: Role of antioxidants. Ann Neurosci 2005;12:36-9.
33. Ganguly R, Guha D. Protective role of an Indian herb, Moringa oleifera in memory impairment by high altitude hypoxic exposure: Possible role of monoamines. Biogenic Amines 2006;20:121-33. (Pubitemid 46380293)
34. DeKosky ST, Williamson JD, Fitzpatrick AL, Kronmal RA, Ives DG, Saxton JA, et al. Ginkgo biloba for prevention of dementia a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2008;300:2253-62.
35. Pietri S, Maurelli E, Drieu K, Culcasi M. Cardioprotective and antioxidant effects of the terpenoid constituents of Ginkgo biloba extract (EGb 761). J Mol Cell Cardiol 1997;29:733-42. (Pubitemid 27192879)
36. Luo Y, Smith JV, Paramasivam V, Burdick A, Curry KJ, Buford JP, et al. Inhibition of amyloid-beta aggregation and caspase-3 activation by the Ginkgo biloba extract EGb761. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2002;99:12197-202.
37. Tchantchou F, Xu Y, Wu Y, Christen Y, Luo Y. EGb 761 enhances adult hippocampal neurogenesis and phosphorylation of CREB in transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. FASEB J 2007;21:2400-8. (Pubitemid 47230670)
38. Augustin S, Rimbach G, Augustin K, Schliebs R, Wolffram S, Cermak R. Effect of a short- and long-term treatment with Ginkgo biloba extract on amyloid precursor protein levels in a transgenic mouse model relevant to Alzheimer's disease. Arch Biochem Biophys 2009;481:177-82.
39. DeFeudis FV, Drieu K. Ginkgo biloba extract (EGb 761) and CNS functions: basic studies and clinical applications. Curr Drug Targets 2000;1:25-58.
40. Smith JV, Luo Y. Studies on molecular mechanisms of Ginkgo biloba extract. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2004;64:465-72. (Pubitemid 38686154)
41. Le Bars PL, Katz MM, Berman N, Itil TM, Freedman AM, Schatzberg AF. A placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized trial of an extract of Ginkgo biloba for dementia: North American EGb Study Group. J Am Med Assoc 1997;278:1327-32. (Pubitemid 27449692)
42. Oken BS, Storzzbach DM, Kaye JA. The effi cacy of Ginkgo biloba on cognitive function in Alzheimer disease. Arch Neurol 1998;55:1409-15. (Pubitemid 28525500)
43. Mix JA, David Crews W Jr. A double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial of Ginkgo biloba extract EGb 761(R) in a sample of cognitively intact older adults: Neuropsychological fi ndings. Hum Psychopharmacol 2002;17:267-77.
44. Mazza M, Capuano A, Bria P, Mazza S. Ginkgo biloba and donepezil: A comparison in the treatment of Alzheimer's dementia in a randomized placebo-controlled doubleblind study. Eur J Neurol 2006;13:981-5. (Pubitemid 44284905)
45. DeKosky ST, Fitzpatrick A, Ives DG, Saxton J, Williamson J, Lopez OL, et al. The Ginkgo Evaluation of Memory (GEM) study: Design and baseline data of a randomized trial of Ginkgo biloba extract in prevention of dementia. Contemp Clin Trials 2006;27:238-53.
46. Stackman RW, Eckenstein F, Frei B, Kulhanek D, Nowlin J, Quinn JF. Prevention of age-related spatial memory defi cits in a transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease by chronic Ginkgo biloba treatment. Exp Neurol 2003;184:510-20. (Pubitemid 37444058)
47. Bastianetto S, Zheng WH, Quirion R. The Ginkgo biloba extract (EGb 761) protects and rescues hippocampal cells against nitric oxide-induced toxicity: Involvement of its fl avonoid constituents and protein kinase C. J Neurochem 2000;74:2268-77. (Pubitemid 30314201)
48. Yao Z, Drieu K, Papadopoulos V. The Ginkgo biloba extract EGb 761 rescues the PC12 neuronal cells from beta-amyloid-induced cell death by inhibiting the formation of beta-amyloid-derived diffusible neurotoxic ligands. Brain Res 2001;889:181-90. (Pubitemid 32146280)
49. Gohil K, Packer L. Biofl avonoid-rich botanical extracts show antioxidant and gene regulatory activity. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2002;957:70-7. (Pubitemid 34721654)
50. Smith JV, Burdick AJ, Golik P, Khan I, Wallace D, Luo Y. Anti-apoptotic properties of Ginkgo biloba extract EGb 761 in differentiated PC12 cells. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) 2002;48:699-707.
51. Spencer JP, Rice-Evans C, Williams RJ. Modulation of pro-survival Akt/ protein kinase B and ERK1/2 signaling cascades by quercetin and its in vivo metabolites underlie their action on neuronal viability. J Biol Chem 2003;278:34783-93. (Pubitemid 37102237)
52. Colciaghi F, Borroni B, Zimmermann M, Bellone C, Longhi A, Padovani A, et al. Amyloid precursor protein metabolism is regulated toward alpha-secretase pathway by Ginkgo biloba extracts. Neurobiol Dis 2004;16:454-60. (Pubitemid 38757325)
53. Joshi H, Parle M. Antiamnestic effects of Demodium gangeticum in mice. Yakugaku Zasshi 2006;126:795-804. (Pubitemid 44358778)
54. Chopra RN, Nayar SL, Chopra IC. Glossary of Indian Medicinal Plants. New Delhi: Council of Scientifi c and Industrial Research; 1956.
55. Purushothaman KK, Chandrasekharan S, Balakrishna K, Connolly JD. Gangetinin and desmodin, two minor pterocarpanoids of Desmodium gangeticum. Phytochemistry 1975;14:1129-30.
56. Govindarajan R, Rastogi S, Vijayakumar M, Shirwaikar A, Rawat AK, Mehrotra S, et al. Studies on the antioxidant activities of Desmodium gangeticum. Biol Pharm Bull 2003;26:1424-7. (Pubitemid 41685393)
57. Iuvone T, De Filippis D, Esposito G, D'Amico A, Izzo AA. The spice sage and its active ingredient rosmarinic acid protect PC12 Cells from amyloid: Peptide-induced neurotoxicity. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2006;317:1143-9. (Pubitemid 43764118)
58. Perry EK, Pickering AT, Wang WW, Houghton PJ, Perry NS. Medicinal plants and Alzheimer's disease: From ethnobotany to phytotherapy. J Pharm. Pharmacol 1999;51:527-34. (Pubitemid 29319777)
59. Howes MJ, Perry NS, Houghton PJ. Plants with traditional uses and activities, relevant to the management of Alzheimer's disease and other cognitive disorders. Phytother Res 2003;17:1-18. (Pubitemid 36205453)
60. Hohmann J, Zupko I, Redei D, Csanyi M, Falkay G, Mathe I, et al. Protective effects of the aerial parts of Salvia offi cinalis, Melissa offi cinalis and Lavandula angustifolia and their constituents against enzyme-dependent and enzyme-independent lipid peroxidation. Planta Med 1999;65:576-8. (Pubitemid 29399966)
61. Baricevic D, Sosa S, Della Loggia R, Tubaro A, Simonovska B, Krasna A, et al. Topical anti-infl ammatory activity of Salvia offi cinalis L. leaves: The relevance of ursolic acid. J Ethnopharmacol 2001;75:125-32. (Pubitemid 32303138)
62. Perry N, Court G, Bidet N, Court J, Perry E. European herbs with cholinergic activities: potential in dementia therapy. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 1996;11:1063-9. (Pubitemid 27029813)
63. Petersen M, Simmonds MS. Rosmarinic acid. Phytochemistry 2003;62:121-5. (Pubitemid 36857578)
64. Ono K, Hasegawa K, Naiki H, Yamada M. Curcumin has potent antiamyloidogenic effects for Alzheimer's beta-amyloid fi brils in vitro. J Neurosci Res 2004;15:742-50. (Pubitemid 38296087)
65. Tohda C, Naito R, Joyashiki E. Kihi-to, a herbal traditional medicine, improves A beta (25-35)-induced memory impairment and losses of neuritis and synapses. BMC Compl Alternat Med 2008;8:49.
66. Tohda C, Matsumoto N, Zou K, Meselhy MR, Komatsu K. Axonal and dendritic extension by protopanaxadiol-type saponins from ginseng drugs in SK-N-SH cells. Jpn J Pharmacol 2002;90:254-62. (Pubitemid 35422943)
67. Tohda C, Matsumoto N, Zou K, Meselhy MR, Komatsu K. Aβ(25- 35)-induced memory impairment, axonal atrophy, and synaptic loss are ameliorated by M1, A metabolite of protopanaxadiol- type saponins. Neuropsychopharmacology 2004;29:860-8. (Pubitemid 38526786)
68. Tohda C, Tamura T, Matsuyama S, Komatsu K. Promotion of axonal maturation and prevention of memory loss in mice by extracts of Astragalus mongholicus. Br J Pharmacol 2006;149:532-41. (Pubitemid 44658514)
69. Naito R, Tohda C. Characterization of anti-neurodegenerative effects of Polygala tenuifolia in Aβ(25-35)-treated cortical neurons. Biol Pharm Bull 2006;29:1892-6. (Pubitemid 44338413)
70. Heo HJ, Suh YM, Kim MJ, Choi SJ, Mun NS, Kim HK, et al. Daidzein activates choline acetyltransferase from mc-IXC cells and improves druginduced amnesia. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2006;70:107-11. (Pubitemid 43150967)
71. Ji C, Li Q, Aisa H, Yang N, Dong YL, Liu YY, et al. Gossypium herbaceam extracts attenuate ibotenic acid-induced excitotoxicity in rat hippocampus. J Alzheimers Dis 2009;16:331-9.
72. Perry EK, Pikering AT, Wang WW, Houghton P, Perry NS. Medicinal plants and Alzheimer's disease: Integrating ethnobotanical and contemporary scientifi c evidence. J Altern Complement Med 1998;4:419-28. (Pubitemid 128542949)
73. Schhultz V, Hansel R, Tyler V. Rational phytotherapy: A physician's guide to herbal medicine. New York: Springer-Verlag; 1998.
74. Wake G, Court J, Pikering A, Lewis R, Wilkins R, Perry E. CNS acetylcholine receptor activity in European medicinal plants traditionally used to improve failing memory. J Ethnopharmacol 2000;69:105-14. (Pubitemid 30016025)
75. Kennedy DO, Scholey AB, Tildesley NT, Perry EK, Wesnes KA. Modulation of mood and cognitive performance following acute administration of Melissa offi cinalis (lemon balm). Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2002;72:953-64. (Pubitemid 34621322)
76. Orhan I, Aslan M. Appraisal of scopolamine-induced antiamnesic effect in mice and in vitro antiacetylcholinesterase and antioxidant activities of some traditionally used Lamiaceae plants. J Ethnopharmacol 2009;122:327-32.
77. Bhattacharya SK, Kumar A. Effect of Trasina, an ayurvedic herbal formulation, on experimental models of Alzheimer's disease and central cholinergic markers in rats. J Altern Complement Med 1997;3:327-36. (Pubitemid 127533125)
78. Kumar V. Potential medicinal plants for CNS disorders: An overview. Phytother Res 2006;20:1023-35. (Pubitemid 44951704)
79. Uabundit N, Wattanathorn J, Mucimapura S, Ingkaninan K. Cognitive enhancement and neuroprotective effects of Bacopa monnieri in Alzheimer's disease model. J Ethnopharmacol 2010;127:26-31.
80. Vasudevan M, Parle M. Memory enhancing activity of Anwala churna (Emblica offi cinalis Gaertn.): An Ayurvedic preparation. Physiol Behav 2007;91:46-54. (Pubitemid 46628968)
81. Zhou H, Beevers CS, Huang S. The targets of curcumin. Curr Drug Targets 2011;12:332-47.
82. Lin MS, Hung KS, Chiu WT, Sun YY, Tsai SH, Lin JW, et al. Curcumin enhances neuronal survival in N-methyl-D-aspartic acid toxicity by inducing RANTES expression in astrocytes via PI-3K and MAPK signaling pathways. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2011.
83. Mourtas S, Canovi M, Zona C, Aurilia D, Niarakis A, La Ferla B, et al. Curcumin-decorated nanoliposomes with very high affi nity for amyloid-β1-42 peptide. Biomaterials 2011;32:1635-45.
84. Akhondzadeh S, Noroozian M. Alzheimer's disease: Pathophysiology and pharmacotherapy. I Drugs 2002;4:1167-72.
85. Bullock R. New drugs for Alzheimer's disease and other dementias. Br J Psychiatry 2002;180:135-9. (Pubitemid 34142784)
86. Bullock R. Drug treatment in dementia. Curr Opin Psychiatry 2001;14:349-53. (Pubitemid 32664806)