I owe you one: Coworker reciprocity as a moderator of the day-level exhaustion-performance relationship

Journal of Organizational Behavior

Volumn 32, Issue 4, 2011, Pages 608-626

  Halbesleben, Jonathon R B ^a   Wheeler, Anthony R ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF RHODE ISLAND   (United States)

Author keywords

Burnout; Exhaustion; Inequity; Organizational citizenship behavior; Reciprocity

Indexed keywords

EID: 79954613821     PISSN: 08943796     EISSN: 10991379     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/job.748     Document Type: Article

References (81)

1. Adams, J. S. (1965). Inequity in social exchange. In L. Berkowitz (Ed.), Advances in experimental and social psychology (Vol 2, pp. 267-299). New York: Academic Press.
2. Albright, J. J. (2007). Multilevel models using SPSS, Stata, and SAS. Available at: [31 January 2010]
3. Bakker, A. B., Demerouti, E., & Verbeke, W. (2004). Using the job demands-resources model to predict burnout and performance. Human Resource Management Journal, 43, 83-104.
4. Bakker, A. B., Schaufeli, W. B., Sixma, H. J., Bosveld, W., & Van Dierendonck, D. (2000). Patient demands, lack of reciprocity, and burnout: A five-year longitudinal study among general practitioners. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 21, 425-441.
5. Baltes, P. B. (1997). On the incomplete architecture of human ontogeny: Selection, optimization, and compensation as foundation of development theory. American Psychologist, 52, 366-380.
6. Baltes, M. M., & Baltes, P. B. (1990). Psychological perspectives on successful aging: The model of selective optimization with compensation. In P. B. Baltes, & M. M. Baltes (Eds.), Successful aging: Perspectives from the behavioral sciences (pp. 1-L 34). New York: Cambridge University Press.
7. Becker, T. E. (2005). Potential problems in the statistical control of variables in organizational research: A qualitative analysis with recommendations. Organizational Research Methods, 8, 274-289.
8. Bergeron, D. M. (2007). The potential paradox of organizational citizenship behavior: Good citizens at what cost? Academy of Management Review, 32, 1078-1095.
9. Binnewies, C., Sonnentag, S., & Mojza, E. J. (2009). Daily performance at work: Feeling recovered at work as a predictor of day-level job performance. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 20, 67-94.
10. Binnewies, C., Sonnentag, S., & Mojza, E. J. (2010). Recovery during the weekend and fluctuations in weekly job performance: A week-level study examining intra-individual relationships. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 83, 419-441.
11. Blau, P. (1964). Exchange and power in social life. New York: Wiley.
12. Bolino, M. C. (1999). Citizenship and impression management: Good soldiers or good actors? Academy of Management Review, 24, 82-98.
13. Bolino, M. C., & Turnley, W. H. (2008). Old face, new places: Equity theory in cross-cultural contexts. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 29, 29-50.
14. Bolino, M. C., Turnley, W. H., & Bloodgood, J. M. (2002). Citizenship behavior and the creation of social capital in organizations. Academy of Management Review, 27, 505-522.
15. Bowler, W. M., & Brass, D. J. (2006). Relational correlates of interpersonal citizenship behavior: A social network perspective. Journal of Applied Psychology, 91, 70-82.
16. Bowling, N. A., Beehr, T. A., & Swader, W. M. (2004). Giving and receiving social support: The roles of personality and reciprocity. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 67, 476-489.
17. Burke, M. J., Brief, A. R., & George, J. M. (1993). The role of negative affectivity in understanding relations between self-reports of stressors and strains: A comment on the applied psychology literature. Journal of Applied Psychology, 78, 402-412.
18. Chui, S., & Tsai, M. (2006). Relationships among burnout, job involvement, and organizational citizenship behavior. Journal of Psychology: Interdisciplinary and Applied, 140, 517-530.
19. Clark, M. S., & Mills, J. (1979). Interpersonal attraction in exchange and communal relationships. Journal of Personal and Social Psychology, 37, 12-24.
20. Cordes, C., & Dougherty, T. W. (1993). A review and an integration of research on job burnout. Academy of Management Review, 18, 621-656.
21. Cropanzano, R., Rupp, D. E., & Byrne, Z. S. (2003). The relationship of emotional exhaustion to work attitudes, job performance, and organizational citizenship behaviors. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88, 160-169.
22. Dalal, R. S., Lam, H., Weiss, H. M., Welch, E. R., & Hulin, C. L. (2009). A within-person approach to work behavior and performance: Concurrent and lagged citizenship-counterproductivity associations, and dynamic relationships with affect and overall job performance. Academy of Management Journal, 52, 1051-1066.
23. Deckop, J. R., Cirka, C. C., & Anderson, L. M. (2003). Doing unto others: The reciprocity of helping behavior in organizations. Journal of Business Ethics, 47, 101-113.
24. Demerouti, E., Bakker, A. B., Nachreiner, F., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2001). The job demands-resources model of burnout. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86, 499-512.
25. Demerouti, E., Bakker, A. B., Vardakou, I., & Kantas, A. (2003). The convergent validity of two burnout instruments: A multitrait-multimethod analysis. European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 18, 296-307.
26. Feeley, T. H., Hwang, J., & Barnett, G. (2008). Predicting turnover from employee friendship networks. Journal of Applied Communication Research, 36, 56-73.
27. Fritz, C., & Sonnentag, S. (2005). Recovery, health, and job performance: Effects of weekend experiences. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 10, 187-199.
28. Fritz, C., & Sonnentag, S. (2006). Recovery, well-being, and performance-related outcomes: The role of workload and vacation experiences. Journal of Applied Psychology, 91, 936-945.
29. Fritz, C., & Sonnentag, S. (2009). Antecedents of day-level proactive behavior: A look at job stressors and positive affect during the workday. Journal of Management, 35, 94-111.
30. Grant, A. M. (2007). Relational job design and the motivation to make a prosocial difference. Academy of Management Review, 32, 393-417.
31. Green, D. E., Walkey, F. H., & Taylor, A. J. W. (1991). The three-factor structure of the Maslach Burnout Inventory. Journal of Social Behavior and Personality, 6, 453-472.
32. Halbesleben, J. R. B. (2006a). Sources of social support and burnout: A meta-analytic test of the conservation of resources model. Journal of Applied Psychology, 91, 1134-1145.
33. Halbesleben, J. R. B. (2006b). Patient reciprocity and physician burnout: What do patients bring to the patient-physician relationship? Health Services Management Research, 19, 215-222.
34. Halbesleben, J. R. B., & Bowler, W. M. (2007). Emotional exhaustion and job performance: The mediating role of motivation. Journal of Applied Psychology, 91, 93-106.
35. Halbesleben, J. R. B., & Buckley, M. R. (2004). Burnout in organizational life. Journal of Management, 30, 859-880.
36. Halbesleben, J. R. B., & Demerouti, E. (2005). Assessing the construct validity of an alternative measure of burnout: Investigating the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory. Work & Stress, 19, 208-220.
37. Halbesleben, J. R. B., Harvey, J. B., & Bolino, M. C. (2009). Too engaged? A conservation of resources view of the relationship between work engagement and work interference with family. Journal of Applied Psychology, 94, 1452-1465.
38. Halbesleben, J. R. B., Osburn, H. K., & Mumford, M. D. (2006). Action research as a burnout intervention: Reducing burnout in the Federal Fire Service. Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 42, 244-266.
39. Hobfoll, S. E. (1988). The ecology of stress. New York: Hemisphere.
40. Hobfoll, S. E. (1989). Conservation of resources: A new attempt at conceptualizing stress. American Psychologist, 44, 513-524.
41. Hobfoll, S. E. (1998). Stress, culture, and community. New York: Plenum.
42. Hobfoll, S. E. (2001). The influence of culture, community, and the nested self in the stress process: Advancing conservation of resources theory. Applied Psychology: An International Review, 50, 337-370.
43. Hobfoll, S. E., & Freedy, J. (1993). Conservation of resources: A general stress theory applied to burnout. In W. B. Schaufeli, C. Maslach, & T. Marek (Eds.), Professional burnout: Recent developments in theory and research. Washington, DC: Taylor & Francis.
44. Hobfoll, S. E., & Shirom, A. (2000). Conservation of resources: Applications to stress and management in the workplace. In R. T. Golembiewski (Ed.), Handbook of organizational behavior (second edition, pp. 57-81). New York: Dekker.
45. Hofmann, D. A., Griffin, M. A., & Gavin, M. B. (2000). The application of hierarchical linear modeling to organizational research. In K. Klein, & S. Kozlowski (Eds.), Multilevel theory research, and methods in organizations (pp. 467-511). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
46. Ilies, R., Scott, B. A., & Judge, T. A. (2006). The interactive effects of personal traits and experienced states on intraindividual patterns of citizenship behavior. Academy of Management Journal, 49, 561-575.
47. Janssen, O., Lam, C. K., & Huang, X. (2010). Emotional exhaustion and job performance: The moderating roles of distributive justice and positive affect. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 36, 787-809.
48. Keijsers, G. J., Schaufeli, W. B., Le Blanc, P. M., Zwerts, C., & Miranda, D. R. (1995). Performance and burnout in intensive care units. Work & Stress, 9, 513-527.
49. Korsgaard, M. A., Meglino, B. M., Lester, S. W., & Jeong, S. S. (2010). Paying you back or paying me forward: Understanding rewarded and unrewarded organizational citizenship behavior. Journal of Applied Psychology, 95, 277-290.
50. Kristensen, T. S., Borritz, M., Villadsen, E., & Cristensen, K. B. (2005). The Copenhagen Burnout Inventory: A new tool for the assessment of burnout. Work & Stress, 19, 192-207.
51. Lazaro, L., Shinn, M., & Robinson, P. E. (1985). Burnout, performance and job withdrawal behavior. Journal of Health and Human Resources Administration, 7, 213-234.
52. LeBlanc, P. M., & Schaufeli, W. B. D (2008) Burnout interventions: An overview and illustration. In J. R. B. Halbesleben (Ed.), Handbook of stress and burnout in health care (pp. 201-215). New York: Nova Science.
53. Lee, R. T., & Ashforth, B. E. (1996). A meta-analytic examination of the correlates of the three dimensions of job burnout. Journal of Applied Psychology, 81, 123-133.
54. Leiter, M. P., Harvie, P., & Frizzell, C. (1998). The correspondence of patient satisfaction and nurse burnout. Social Science & Medicine, 47, 1611-1617.
55. Maslach, C. (2001). What have we learned about burnout and health? Psychology & Health, 16, 607-611.
56. Miner, J. B. (1980). Theory of organizational behavior. Hinsdale, IL: Dryden.
57. Moore, J. E. (2000). Why is this happening? A casual attribution approach to work emotional exhaustion consequences. Academy of Management Review, 25, 335-349.
58. Motowidlo, S. J., Borman, W. C., & Schmit, M. J. (1997). A theory of individual differences in task and contextual performance. Human Performance, 10, 71-84.
59. Nielson, T. M., Bachrach, D. G., Sundstrom, E., & Halfhill, T. R. (in press) Utility of OCB: Organizational citizenship behavior and group performance in a resource allocation framework. Journal of Management.
60. Parker, P. A., & Kulik, J. A. (1995). Burnout, self- and supervisor-rater job performance and absenteeism among nurses. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 18, 581-599.
61. Perugini, A., Gallucci, M., Presaghi, F., & Ercolani, A. P. (2003). The personal norm of reciprocity. European Journal of Personality, 17, 251-283.
62. Randall, M., & Scott, W. A. (1988). Burnout, job satisfaction, and job performance. Australian Psychologist, 23, 335-347.
63. Rioux, S. M., & Penner, L. A. (2001). The causes of organizational citizenship behavior: A motivational analysis. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86, 1306-1314.
64. Schaufeli, W. B., & Enzmann, D. (1998). The burnout companion for research and practice: A critical analysis of theory, assessment, research, and interventions. London: Taylor & Francis.
65. Schaufeli, W. B., Van Dierendonck, D., & Van Gorp, K. (1996). Burnout and reciprocity: Towards a dual-level social exchange model. Work & Stress, 10, 225-237.
66. Scheer, L. K., Kumar, N., & Steenkamp, J. E. M. (2003). Reactions to perceived inequity in U.S. and Dutch interorganizational relationships. Academy of Management Journal, 46, 303-316.
67. Shirom, A. (2003). Job-related burnout: A review. In J. C. Quick, & L. E. Tetrick (Eds.), Handbook of occupational health psychology (pp. 245-264). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
68. Shirom, A., Westman, M., Shamai, O., & Carel, R. S. (1997). Effects of work overload and burnout on cholesterol and triglycerides levels: The moderating effects of emotional reactivity among male and female employees. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 2, 275-288.
69. Smets, E. M. A., Visser, M. R. M., Oort, F. J., Schaufeli, W. B., & DeHaes, H. J. C. J. M. (2004). Perceived inequity: Does it explain burnout in medical specialists? Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 34, 1900-1918.
70. Sonnentag, S. (2005). Burnout research: Adding an off-work and day-level perspective. Work & Stress, 19, 271-275.
71. Vahey, D. C., Aiken, L. H., Sloane, D. M., Clarke, S. P., & Vargas, D. (2004). Nurse burnout and patient satisfaction. Medical Care, 24, 57-66.
72. Van Dierendonck, D., Schaufeli, W. B., & Buunk, B. P. (2001). Burnout and inequity among human service professionals: A longitudinal study. Journal of Occupational Health and Psychology, 6, 43-52.
73. Van Dierendonck, D., Schaufeli, W. B., & Sixma, H. (1994). Burnout among general practitioners: A perspective from equity theory. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 13, 86-100.
74. Van Horn, J., Schaufeli, W. B., & Enzmann, D. (1999). Teacher burnout and lack of reciprocity. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 26, 338-354.
75. Van Yperen, N. W. (1998). Informational support, equity and burnout: The moderating effect of self-efficacy. Industrial Relations, 71, 29-34.
76. Wheeler, A. R. (2008). Disconnecting the stress-burnout-turnover relationship among nursing professionals: A synthesis of micro and macro HRM research. In J. R. B. Halbesleben (Ed.), Handbook of stress and burnout in health care (pp. 187-199). New York: Nova Science.
77. Williams, L. J., & Anderson, S. E. (1991). Job satisfaction and organizational commitment as predictors of organizational citizenship and in-role behaviors. Journal of Management, 17, 601-617.
78. Witt, L. A., Andrews, M. C., & Carlson, D. S. (2004). When conscientiousness isn't enough: Emotional exhaustion and performance among call center customer service representatives. Journal of Management, 30, 149-160.
79. Wright, T. A., & Bonett, D. G. (1997). The contribution of burnout to work performance. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 18, 491-499.
80. Wright, T. A., & Cropanzano, R. (1998). Emotional exhaustion as a predictor of job performance and voluntary turnover. Journal of Applied Psychology, 83, 486-493.
81. Xanthopoulou, D., Bakker, A. B., Demerouti, E., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2009). Work engagement and financial returns: A diary study on the role of job and personal resources. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 82, 183-200.