The demand-control model and target's reports of bullying at work: A test within Spanish and Belgian blue-collar workers

European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology

Volumn 20, Issue 2, 2011, Pages 157-177

  Baillien, Elfi ^a   Rodríguez Muñoz, Alfredo ^b,c   de Witte, Hans ^a   Notelaers, Guy ^d   Moreno Jiménez, Bernardo ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF LEUVEN   (Belgium)

^b UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA DE MADRID   (Spain)

^c IE UNIVERSITY   (Spain)

^d UNIVERSITY OF BERGEN   (Norway)

Author keywords

Autonomy; Bullying at work; Job demand control model; Job strain; Workload

Indexed keywords

EID: 79953700847     PISSN: 1359432X     EISSN: 14640643     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/13594320903271929     Document Type: Article

References (77)

1. Agervold, M., & Mikkelsen, E. G. (2004). Relationships between bullying, psychosocial work environment and individual stress reactions. Work and Stress, 18, 336-351.
2. Aiken, L. S., & West, S. G. (1991). Multiple regression: Testing and interpreting interactions. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
3. Anderson, C. A., Anderson, K. B., & Deuser, W. E. (1996). Examining an affective aggression framework: Weapon and temperature effects on aggressive thoughts, affect, and attitudes. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 22, 366-376.
4. Archer, D. (1999). Exploring 'bullying' culture in the para-military organization. International Journal of Manpower, 20, 94-105.
5. Ashforth, B. (1994). Petty tyranny in organizations. Human Relations, 47, 755-778.
6. Baillien, E., DeWitte, H., Notelaers, G., & Neyens, I. (2008). De ontwikkeling van de RATOG: een screeningsinstrument voor de preventie van pesterijen op het werk [Construction of a risk assessment tool to prevent workplace bullying]. Gedrag en Organisatie, 21, 254-277.
7. Baillien, E., Neyens, I., De Witte, H., & De Cuyper, N. (2009). Towards a three way model of workplace bullying: A qualitative study. Journal of Community and Applied Social Psychology, 19, 1-16.
8. Baker, E., Israel, B., & Schurman, S. (1996). Role of control and support in occupational stress: An integrated model. Social Science and Medicine, 43, 1145-1159.
9. Bowling, N. A., & Beehr, T. A. (2006). Workplace harassment from the victim's perspective: A theoretical model and meta-analysis. Journal of Applied Psychology, 91, 998-1012.
10. Cohen, J., Cohen, P., West, S. G., & Aiken, L. S. (2003). Applied multiple regression/correlation analysis for the behavioral sciences (3rd ed.). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
11. Cooper, C. L., Dewe, P. J., & O'Driscoll, P. (2001). Organizational stress: A review and critique of theory, research, and applications. London: Sage.
12. Cowie, H., Naylor, P., Smith, P. K., Rivers, I., & Pereira, B. (2002). Measuring workplace bullying. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 7, 35-51.
13. De Cuyper, N., Baillien, E., & De Witte, H. (2009). Job insecurity and workplace bullying among targets and perpetrators: Moderation by employability. Work and Stress, 23, 206-224.
14. de Jonge, J., & Kompier, M. (1997). A critical examination of the Demand-Control-Support model from a work psychological perspective. International Journal of Stress Management, 4, 235-258.
15. de Lange, A., Taris, T., Kompier, M., Houtman, I., & Bongers, P. (2003). "The very best of the millennium": Longitudinal research and the Demand-Control-(Support) model. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 8, 282-305.
16. Demerouti, E., Bakker, A. B., Nachreiner, F., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2001). The job demandsresources model of burnout. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86, 499-512.
17. De Witte, H., Verhofstadt, E., & Omey, E. (2007). Testing Karasek's learning and strain hypotheses on young workers in their first job. Work and Stress, 21(2), 131-141.
18. Durbin, J., & Watson, G. S. (1971). Testing for serial correlation in least squares regression. Biometrika, 58, 1-19.
19. Dwyer, D. J., & Ganster, D. C. (1991). The effects of job demands and control on employee attendance and satisfaction. Journal of Organisational Behavior, 12, 595-608.
20. Einarsen, S. (2000). Harassment and bullying at work: A review of the Scandinavian approach. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 5, 379-401.
21. Einarsen, S., Hoel, H., Zapf, D., & Cooper, C. L. (2003). The concept of bullying at work: The European tradition. In S. Einarsen, H. Hoel, D. Zapf, & C. L. Cooper (Eds.), Bullying and emotional abuse in the workplace:. International perspectives in research and practice (pp. 3-30). London: Taylor & Francis.
22. Einarsen, S., & Raknes, B. I. (1997). Harassment in the workplace and targetization of men. Violence and Targets, 12, 247-263.
23. Einarsen, S., Raknes, B. I., & Matthiesen, S. B. (1994). Bullying and harassment at work and their relationships to work environment quality: An exploratory study. The European Work and Organizational Psychologist, 4, 381-401.
24. Felson, R. B., & Tedeschi, J. T. (1993). Aggression and violence: Social interactionists' perspectives. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
25. Fletcher, B. C., & Jones, F. (1993). A refutation of Karasek's demands-discretion model of occupational stress with a range of dependent measures. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 14, 319-330.
26. Ganster, D. C. (1989). Worker control and well-being: A review of research in the workplace. In S. L. Sauter, J. J. Hurell, & C. L. Cooper (Eds.), Job control and worker health (pp. 3-24). Chichester, UK: Wiley.
27. Hauge, L. J., Skogstad, A., & Einarsen, S. (2007). Relationships between stressful work environments and bullying: Results of a large representative study. Work and Stress, 21, 220-242.
28. Hoel, H., & Cooper, C. L. (2000). Destructive conflict and bullying at work. Manchester, UK: Manchester School of Management, UMIST.
29. Hoel, H., & Salin, D. (2003). Organisational antecedents of bullying at work. In S. Einarsen, H. Hoel, D. Zapf, & C. L. Cooper (Eds.), Bullying and emotional abuse in the workplace: International perspectives in research and practice (pp. 145-162). London: Taylor & Francis.
30. Hoel, H., Zapf, D., & Cooper, C. L. (2002). Bullying at work and stress. In P. L. Perrewe & D. C. Ganster (Eds.), Historical and current perspectives on stress and health (Vol. 2, pp. 293-333). Amsterdam: JAI Press.
31. Hubert, A., Furda, J., & Steensma, H. (2001). Mobbing, systematisch pestgedrag in organisaties: Twee studies naar antecedenten en gevolgen voor de gezondheid [Mobbing, systematic bullying in organizations: Two studies about antecedents and health-related consequences]. Gedrag en Organisatie, 14, 378-396.
32. Hubert, A. B., & van Veldhoven, M. (2001). Risk sectors for undesirable behavior and mobbing. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 10, 415-424.
33. Humphris, G. M., & Peacock, L. (1992). Occupational stress and job satisfaction in the community dental service of north Wales: A pilot study. Community Dental Health, 10, 73-82.
34. Jennifer, D., Cowie, H., & Ananiadou, K. (2003). Perceptions and experience of workplace bullying in five different working populations. Aggressive Behavior, 29, 489-496.
35. Johnson, J. V., & Hall, E. M. (1988). Job strain, work place social support, and cardiovascular disease: A cross-sectional study of a random sample of the Swedish working population. American Journal of Public Health, 78, 1336-1342.
36. Karasek, R. (1979). Job demands, job decision latitude, and mental strain: Implications for job redesign. Administrative Science Quarterly, 24, 285-308.
37. Karasek, R. (1985). Job Content Instrument: Questionnaire and user's guide. Los Angeles, CA: University of South California.
38. Karasek, R. (1989). Control in the workplace and its health-related aspects. In S. Sauter, J. Hurrel, & C.L. Cooper (Eds.), Job control and worker health (pp. 129-159). Chichester, UK: Wiley.
39. Karasek, R., & Theorell, T. (1990). Healthy work: Stress, productivity and the reconstruction of working life. New York: Basic Books.
40. Kristensen, T. S. (1995). The Demand-Control-Support model: Methodological challenges for future research. Stress Medicine, 11, 17-26.
41. Landsbergis, P. A. (1988). Occupational stress among health care workers: A test of the Job Demands-Control model. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 12, 155-168.
42. Landsbergis, P. A., Schnall, P. L., Deitz, D., Friedman, R., & Pickering, T. (1992). The patterning of psychological attributes and distress by "job strain" and social support in a sample of working men. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 15, 379-405.
43. Leymann, H. (1996). The content and development of mobbing at work. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 5, 165-184.
44. Leymann, H., & Gustafsson, A. (1996). Mobbing at work and the development of posttraumatic stress disorders. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 5, 251-275.
45. Lundberg, U., Dohns, I. E., Melin, B., Sandsjoe, L., Palmerud, G., Kadefors, R., et al. (1999). Psychophysiological stress responses, muscle tension, and neck and shoulder pain among supermarket cashiers. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 4, 245-255.
46. Matthiesen, S. B., & Einarsen, S. (2004). Psychiatric distress and symptoms of PTSD among victims of bullying at work. British Journal of Guidance and Counselling, 32, 335-356.
47. Matthiesen, S. B., & Einarsen, S. (2007). Perpetrators and targets of bullying at work: Role stress and individual differences. Violence and Targets, 22, 735-753.
48. Mikkelsen, E. G., & Einarsen, S. (2002). Relationships between exposure to bullying at work and psychological and psychosomatic health complaints: The role of state negative affectivity and generalized self-efficacy. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 43, 397-405.
49. Moyle, P. (1995). The role of negative affectivity in the stress process: Tests of alternative models. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 16, 647-668.
50. Mullen, E. (1997). Workplace violence: Cause for concern or the construction of a new category of fear. Journal of Industrial Relations, 39, 21-31.
51. Neyens, I., Baillien, E., Notelaers, G., & De Witte, H. (2007). Pesten op het werk: Risicofactoren in werk en organisatie [Workplace bullying: Risk factors in the job and the organization]. Tijdschrift voor Arbeidsvraagstukken, 23, 306-320.
52. Nijhuis, F. N., & Smulders, P. G. W. (1996). Die wirkung van arbeidsanforderungen in persö nlichen kontrollmö glichkeiten auf gezundheitsbeschwerden un fehlzeiten [True influence of job demands and job control on health complaints and absenteism]. Zeitschrift für Arbeits-, und Organisationspychologie, 40, 173-180.
53. Notelaers, G., De Witte, H., & Einarsen, S. (2009). A job characteristics approach to explain workplace bullying. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology. Advance online publication. doi: 10.1080/13594320903007620.
54. Notelaers, G., Einarsen, S., De Witte, H., & Vermunt, J. K. (2006). Measuring exposure to bullying at work: The validity and advantages of the latent class cluster approach. Work and Stress, 20, 288-301.
55. Parent-Thirion, A., Fernández-Macias, E., Hurley, J., & Vermeylen, G. (2007). Fourth European Working Conditions Survey. Luxembourg: European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Work Conditions.
56. Pfeffer, J. (1981). Management as symbolic action: The creation and maintenance of organizational paradigms. In L. L. Cummings & B. M. Staw (Eds.), Research in organizational behavior (Vol. 3, pp. 1-52). Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.
57. Rodríguez-Muñoz, A., Martínez, M., Moreno, B., & Gálvez, M. (2006). Predictores organizacionales del acoso psicoló gico en el trabajo: Aplicació n del modelo de demandas y recursos laborales [Organizational predictors of workplace bullying: Application of Job Demands-Resources model]. Revista de Psicología del Trabajo y de las Organizaciones, 22, 333-346.
58. Rousseau, D. M., & Fried, Y. (2001). Location, location, location: Contextualizing organizational research. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 22, 1-13.
59. Ryan, T. (1997). Modern regression methods. New York: Wiley.
60. Sargent, L. D., & Terry, D. J. (2000). The moderating role of social support in Karasek's job strain model. Work and Stress, 14, 245-261.
61. Schaubroeck, J., Jones, J. R., & Xie, J. L. (2001). Individual differences in utilizing control to cope with job demands: Effects on susceptibility to infectious disease. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86, 265-278.
62. Schmitt, D., Allik, J., McCrae, R. R., & Benet-Martýnez, V. (2007). The geographic distribution of Big Five personality traits: Patterns and profiles of human self- description across 56 nations. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 38, 173-212.
63. Schnall, P. L., Landsbergis, P. A., & Bakker, D. (1994). Job strain and cardiovascular disease. Annual Review of Public Health, 15, 381-411.
64. Sheehan, M. (1999). Workplace bullying: Responding with some emotional intelligence. International Journal of Manpower, 20, 57-69.
65. Siegrist, J., & Peter, R. (1996). Measuring effort-reward imbalance at work: Guidelines. Düsseldorf, Germany: Heinrich Heine University.
66. Smulders, P. G. W., Kompier, M. A. J., & Paoli, P. (1996). The work environment in the twelve EU-countries: Differences and similarities. Human Relations, 49, 1291-1313.
67. Van Breukelen, W., Konst, D., & van der Vlist, R. (2004). Reaction to comments on "the effects of leader-member exchange and differential treatment on work unit commitment": Distinguishing between neutralizing and moderating effects. Psychological Reports, 95, 879-882.
68. Van der Doef, M., & Maes, S. (1998). The Job Demand-Control(-Support) model and physical health outcomes: A review of the strain and buffer hypotheses. Psychology and Health, 13, 909-936.
69. Van der Doef, M., & Maes, S. (1999). The Job Demand-Control(-Support) model and psychological well-being: A review of 20 years of empirical research. Work and Stress, 13, 87-114.
70. Van Veldhoven, M., & Meijman, T. F. (1994). Het meten van psychosociale arbeidsbelasting met een vragenlijst: De vragenlijst beleving en beoordeling van de arbeid (VBBA) [Measuring psychosocial demands with a questionnaire: The questionnaire on the experience and evaluation of work (VBBA)]. Amsterdam: Nederlands Instituut voor Arbeidsomstandigheden.
71. Vartia, M. (1996). The sources of bullying: Psychological work environment and organizational climate. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 5, 203-214.
72. Wall, T. D., Jackson, P. R., Mullarkey, S., & Parker, S. K. (1996). The Demands-Control model of job strain: A more specific test. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 69, 153-166.
73. Xie, J. L. (1996). Karasek's model in the people's Republic of China: Effects of job demands, control, and individual differences. Academy of Management Journal, 39, 1594-1618.
74. Zapf, D. (1999). Organisational, work group related and personal causes of mobbing/bullying at work. International Journal of Manpower, 20, 70-85.
75. Zapf, D., & Einarsen, S. (2003). Individual antecedents of bullying: Targets and perpetrators. In S. Einarsen, H. Hoel, D. Zapf, & C. L. Cooper (Eds.), Bullying and emotional abuse in the workplace: International perspectives in research and practice (pp. 165-184). London: Taylor & Francis.
76. Zapf, D., & Einarsen, S. (2005). Mobbing at work: Escalated conflicts in organizations. In S. Fox & P. E. Spector (Eds.), Counterproductive behavior: Investigations of actors and targets (pp. 237-270). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
77. Zapf, D., Knorz, C., & Kulla, M. (1996). On the relationship between mobbing factors, and job content, social work environment, and health outcomes. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 5, 215-237.