Therapeutic drug monitoring in cancer chemotherapy

Bioanalysis

Volumn 2, Issue 5, 2010, Pages 863-879

  Bach, Dylan M ^a   Straseski, Joely A ^b   Clarke, William ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b DEPARTMENT OF PATHOLOGY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AZATHIOPRINE; BICARBONATE; BUSULFAN; C REACTIVE PROTEIN; CISPLATIN; CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE; CYTOCHROME P450 1A; CYTOCHROME P450 2B; CYTOCHROME P450 2C; CYTOCHROME P450 2C19; CYTOCHROME P450 3A; DOXORUBICIN; EPIDERMAL GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTOR KINASE INHIBITOR; ERLOTINIB; ETOPOSIDE; EVEROLIMUS; FLUOROURACIL; GEFITINIB; GEMCITABINE; IMATINIB; IRINOTECAN; MAMMALIAN TARGET OF RAPAMYCIN INHIBITOR; MERCAPTOPURINE; METHOTREXATE; PLATINUM COMPLEX; RAPAMYCIN; SEROTONIN UPTAKE INHIBITOR; SURAMIN; TAMOXIFEN; UNINDEXED DRUG; ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENT;

ACUTE LYMPHOBLASTIC LEUKEMIA; AGE; AREA UNDER THE CURVE; BILIARY EXCRETION; BLADDER CANCER; BODY SURFACE; BREAST CANCER; CANCER CHEMOTHERAPY; CHRONIC MYELOID LEUKEMIA; COLORECTAL CANCER; CROHN DISEASE; DOSE CALCULATION; DOSE RESPONSE; DRUG ABSORPTION; DRUG BIOAVAILABILITY; DRUG BLOOD LEVEL; DRUG DISTRIBUTION; DRUG MECHANISM; DRUG MEGADOSE; DRUG METABOLISM; DRUG MONITORING; DRUG POTENTIATION; DRUG UPTAKE; ENTERITIS; EWING SARCOMA; FIBROSING ALVEOLITIS; GASTROINTESTINAL STROMAL TUMOR; GLIOBLASTOMA; GRAFT REJECTION; HEAD AND NECK CARCINOMA; HODGKIN DISEASE; HUMAN; KIDNEY CLEARANCE; LEUKEMIA; LIVER METABOLISM; LOW DRUG DOSE; LUNG CANCER; LUNG NON SMALL CELL CANCER; LYMPHOMA; MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS; NEUROLOGIC DISEASE; NOMOGRAM; NONHUMAN; NONLYMPHATIC LEUKEMIA; PANCREAS CANCER; PANCYTOPENIA; POLYPHARMACY; PROSTATE CANCER; PSORIASIS; RECOMMENDED DRUG DOSE; REVIEW; RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS; SOFT TISSUE SARCOMA; TESTIS CANCER; UNSPECIFIED SIDE EFFECT; VEIN OCCLUSION; ANIMAL; METABOLISM; METHODOLOGY; NEOPLASM;

ANIMALS; ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS; DRUG DOSAGE CALCULATIONS; DRUG MONITORING; HUMANS; NEOPLASMS;

EID: 79952529437     PISSN: 17576180     EISSN: 17576199     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.4155/bio.10.48     Document Type: Review

References (147)

1. Veal GJ, Coulthard SA, Boddy AV. Chemotherapy individualization. Invest. New Drugs 21(2), 149-156 (2003). (Pubitemid 36859315)
2. Hon YY, Evans WE. Making TDM work to optimize cancer chemotherapy: a multidisciplinary team approach. Clin. Chem. 44(2), 388-400 (1998). (Pubitemid 28087746)
3. Moyer TP, McMillin GA. Therapeutic drugs. In:Teitz Fundamentals of Clinical Chemistry . Burtis CA, Ashwood ER, Bruns DE (Eds).Saunders Elsevier, MO, USA, 539-561 (2008).
4. Undevia SD, Gomez-Abuin G, Ratain MJ. Pharmacokinetic variability of anticancer agents. Nat. Rev. Cancer 5(6), 447-458 (2005). (Pubitemid 40791487)
5. Slaviero KA, Clarke SJ, Rivory LP. Inflammatory response: an unrecognised source of variability in the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of cancer chemotherapy. Lancet Oncol. 4(4), 224-232 (2003). (Pubitemid 36503320)
6. Nozawa T, Minami H, Sugiura S, Tsuji A, Tamai I. Role of organic anion transporter OATP1B1 (OATP-C) in hepatic uptake of irinotecan and its active metabolite, 7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin: in vitro evidence and effect of single nucleotide polymorphisms. Drug Metab. Dispos. 33(3), 434-439 (2005). (Pubitemid 40279945)
7. Baker SD, van Schaik RH, Rivory LP et al. Factors affecting cytochrome P450 3A activity in cancer patients. Clin. Cancer Res. 10(24), 8341-8350 (2004). (Pubitemid 40053395)
8. Williams ML, Bhargava P, Cherrouk I, Marshall JL, Flockhart DA, Wainer IW. A discordance of the cytochrome P450 2C19 genotype and phenotype in patients with advanced cancer. Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 49(5), 485-488 (2000). (Pubitemid 30229453)
9. Beutler E, Gelbart T, Demina A. Racial variability in the UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1 (UGT1A1) promoter: a balanced polymorphism for regulation of bilirubin metabolism? Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 95(14), 8170-8174 (1998). (Pubitemid 28326085)
10. Innocenti F, Undevia SD, Iyer L et al. Genetic variants in the UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1a1 gene predict the risk of severe neutropenia of irinotecan. J. Clin. Oncol. 22(8), 1382-1388 (2004). (Pubitemid 41103619)
11. Han JY, Lim HS, Yoo YK et al. Associations of ABCB1, ABCC2, and ABCG2 polymorphisms with irinotecan-pharmacokinetics and clinical outcome in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Cancer 110(1), 138-147 (2007).
12. Branch RA, Herbert CM, Read AE. Determinants of serum antipyrine half-lives in patients with liver disease. Gut 14(7), 569-573 (1973).
13. Ratain MJ, Vogelzang NJ, Sinkule JA. Interpatient and intrapatient variability in vinblastine pharmacokinetics. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 41(1), 61-67 (1987). (Pubitemid 17008130)
14. Balis FM. Pharmacokinetic drug interactions of commonly used anticancer drugs. Clin. Pharmacokinet. 11(3), 223-235 (1986). (Pubitemid 16079741)
15. Lippens RJ. Methotrexate. I. Pharmacology and pharmacokinetics. Am. J. Pediatr. Hematol. Oncol. 6(4), 379-395 (1984).
16. Yancik R. Cancer burden in the aged: an epidemiologic and demographic overview. Cancer 80(7), 1273-1283 (1997). (Pubitemid 27407230)
17. Iber FL, Murphy PA, Connor ES. Age-related changes in the gastrointestinal system. Effects on drug therapy. Drugs Aging 5(1), 34-48 (1994).
18. Corcoran ME. Polypharmacy in the older patient with cancer. Cancer Control 4(5), 419-428 (1997). (Pubitemid 27461553)
19. Skirvin JA, Lichtman SM. Pharmacokinetic considerations of oral chemotherapy in elderly patients with cancer. Drugs Aging 19(1), 25-42 (2002). (Pubitemid 34454670)
20. Brenner BM, Meyer TW, Hostetter TH. Dietary protein intake and the progressive nature of kidney disease: the role of hemodynamically mediated glomerular injury in the pathogenesis of progressive glomerular sclerosis in aging, renal ablation, and intrinsic renal disease. N. Engl. J. Med. 307(11), 652-659 (1982). (Pubitemid 12049914)
21. Anderson S, Brenner BM. Effects of aging on the renal glomerulus. Am. J. Med. 80(3), 435-442 (1986). (Pubitemid 16098780)
22. Lichtman SM, Schulman P, Budman DR. Erythroleukemia in the adjuvant treatment of breast cancer. NY State J. Med. 85(10), 601-603 (1985). (Pubitemid 16218957)
23. Sotaniemi EA, Arranto AJ, Pelkonen O, Pasanen M. Age and cytochrome P450-linked drug metabolism in humans: an analysis of 226 subjects with equal histopathologic conditions. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 61(3), 331-339 (1997). (Pubitemid 27145435)
24. Vestal RE. Aging and pharmacology. Cancer 80(7), 1302-1310 (1997). (Pubitemid 27407233)
25. Jin Y, Desta Z, Stearns V et al. Cyp2d6 genotype, antidepressant use, and tamoxifen metabolism during adjuvant breast cancer treatment. J. Natl Cancer Inst. 97(1), 30-39 (2005).
26. Du Bois D, Du Bois EF. A formula to estimate the approximate surface area if height and weight be known. Arch. Intern. Med. 17, 863-871 (1916).
27. Bruno R, Vivier N, Vergniol JC, De Phillips SL, Montay G, Sheiner LB. A population pharmacokinetic model for docetaxel (taxotere): model building and validation. J. Pharmacokinet. Biopharm. 24(2), 153-172 (1996). (Pubitemid 26300483)
28. Smorenburg CH, Sparreboom A, Bontenbal M, Stoter G, Nooter K, Verweij J. Randomized cross-over evaluation of body-surface area-based dosing versus flat-fixed dosing of paclitaxel. J. Clin. Oncol. 21(2), 197-202 (2003). (Pubitemid 46606147)
29. Rudek MA, Sparreboom A, Garrett-Mayer ES et al. Factors affecting pharmacokinetic variability following doxorubicin and docetaxel-based therapy. Eur. J. Cancer 40(8), 1170-1178 (2004). (Pubitemid 38526335)
30. Gurney H. Dose calculation of anticancer drugs: a review of the current practice and introduction of an alternative. J. Clin. Oncol. 14(9), 2590-2611 (1996). (Pubitemid 26300128)
31. Egorin MJ. Horseshoes, hand grenades, and body-surface area-based dosing: aiming for a target. J. Clin. Oncol. 21(2), 182-183 (2003). (Pubitemid 46606144)
32. Lyman GH, Dale DC, Crawford J. Incidence and predictors of low dose-intensity in adjuvant breast cancer chemotherapy: a nationwide study of community practices. J. Clin. Oncol. 21(24), 4524-4531 (2003). (Pubitemid 46594022)
33. de Jonge ME, van den Bongard HJ, Huitema AD et al. Bayesian pharmacokinetically guided dosing of paclitaxel in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Clin. Cancer Res. 10(7), 2237-2244 (2004). (Pubitemid 38445680)
34. Baker SD, Verweij J, Rowinsky EK et al. Role of body surface area in dosing of investigational anticancer agents in adults, 1991-2001. J. Natl Cancer Inst. 94(24), 1883-1888 (2002). (Pubitemid 36104633)
35. van den Bongard HJ, Mathot RA, Beijnen JH, Schellens JH. Pharmacokinetically guided administration of chemotherapeutic agents. Clin. Pharmacokinet. 39(5), 345-367 (2000).
36. Alnaim L. Therapeutic drug monitoring of cancer chemotherapy. J. Oncol. Pharm. Pract. 13(4), 207-221 (2007).
37. Calvert AH, Newell DR, Gumbrell LA et al. Carboplatin dosage: prospective evaluation of a simple formula based on renal function. J. Clin. Oncol. 7(11), 1748-1756 (1989). (Pubitemid 19272848)
38. Chatelut E, Canal P, Brunner V et al. Prediction of carboplatin clearance from standard morphological and biological patient characteristics. J. Natl Cancer Inst. 87(8), 573-580 (1995).
39. Graf N, Winkler K, Betlemovic M, Fuchs N, Bode U. Methotrexate pharmacokinetics and prognosis in osteosarcoma. J. Clin. Oncol. 12(7), 1443-1451 (1994). (Pubitemid 24206244)
40. Pignon T, Lacarelle B, Duffaud F et al. Pharmacokinetics of high-dose methotrexate in adult osteogenic sarcoma. Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. 33(5), 420-424 (1994). (Pubitemid 24057695)
41. Fety R, Rolland F, Barberi-Heyob M et al. Clinical impact of pharmacokinetically-guided dose adaptation of 5-fluorouracil: results from a multicentric randomized trial in patients with locally advanced head and neck carcinomas. Clin. Cancer Res. 4(9), 2039-2045 (1998). (Pubitemid 28415645)
42. Gallo JM, Laub PB, Rowinsky EK, Grochow LB, Baker SD. Population pharmacokinetic model for topotecan derived from Phase I clinical trials. J. Clin. Oncol. 18(12), 2459-2467 (2000). (Pubitemid 30415833)
43. Montazeri A, Boucaud M, Lokiec F et al. Population pharmacokinetics of topotecan: intraindividual variability in total drug. Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. 46(5), 375-381 (2000).
44. Huitema AD, Mathot RA, Tibben MM, Schellens JH, Rodenhuis S, Beijnen JH. Validation of techniques for the prediction of carboplatin exposure: application of Bayesian methods. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 67(6), 621-630 (2000). (Pubitemid 30416078)
45. Minami H, Beijnen JH, Verweij J, Ratain MJ. Limited sampling model for area under the concentration time curve of total topotecan. Clin. Cancer Res. 2(1), 43-46 (1996). (Pubitemid 26042177)
46. Stromgren AS, Sorensen BT, Jakobsen P, Jakobsen A. A limited sampling method for estimation of the etoposide area under the curve. Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. 32(3), 226-230 (1993). (Pubitemid 23146817)
47. Ratain MJ, Robert J, van der Vijgh WJ. Limited sampling models for doxorubicin pharmacokinetics. J. Clin. Oncol. 9(5), 871-876 (1991).
48. Sorensen BT, Stromgren A, Jakobsen P, Jakobsen A. A limited sampling method for estimation of the carboplatin area under the curve. Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. 31(4), 324-327 (1993). (Pubitemid 23029159)
49. Miyazaki M, Fujiwara Y, Takahashi T et al. Limited-sampling models for estimation of the carboplatin area under the curve. AntiCancer Res. 17(6D), 4571-4575 (1997). (Pubitemid 28081746)
50. Egorin MJ, Forrest A, Belani CP, Ratain MJ, Abrams JS, Van Echo DA. A limited sampling strategy for cyclophosphamide pharmacokinetics. Cancer Res. 49(11), 3129-3133 (1989). (Pubitemid 19148657)
51. Mick R, Gupta E, Vokes EE, Ratain MJ. Limited-sampling models for irinotecan pharmacokinetics-pharmacodynamics: prediction of biliary index and intestinal toxicity. J. Clin. Oncol. 14(7), 2012-2019 (1996). (Pubitemid 26230101)
52. Schumitzky A. Nonparametric EM algorithms for estimating prior distributions. App. Math. Comput. 45, 143-157 (1991).
53. Iliadis A, Bachir-Raho M, Bruno R, Favre R. Bayesian estimation and prediction of clearance in high-dose methotrexate infusions. J. Pharmacokinet. Biopharm. 13(1), 101-115 (1985). (Pubitemid 15044177)
54. Peng B, Boddy AV, Cole M et al. Comparison of methods for the estimation of carboplatin pharmacokinetics in paediatric cancer patients. Eur. J. Cancer 31A(11), 1804-1810 (1995).
55. Johansen MJ, Madden T, Mehra RC et al. Phase I pharmacokinetic study of multicycle high-dose carboplatin followed by peripheral- blood stem-cell infusion in patients with cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 15(4), 1481-1491 (1997). (Pubitemid 27167384)
56. Doz F, Urien S, Chatelut E et al. A limited-sampling method for evaluation of the area under the curve of ultrafilterable carboplatin in children. Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. 42(3), 250-254 (1998). (Pubitemid 28329203)
57. Guillet P, Monjanel S, Nicoara A et al. A Bayesian dosing method for carboplatin given by continuous infusion for 120 h. Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. 40(2), 143-149 (1997). (Pubitemid 27214593)
58. Jodrell DI, Reyno LM, Sridhara R et al. Suramin: development of a population pharmacokinetic model and its use with intermittent short infusions to control plasma drug concentration in patients with prostate cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 12(1), 166-175 (1994). (Pubitemid 24020637)
59. Eisenberger MA, Sinibaldi VJ, Reyno LM et al. Phase I and clinical evaluation of a pharmacologically guided regimen of suramin in patients with hormone-refractory prostate cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 13(9), 2174-2186 (1995).
60. Evans WE, Relling MV, Rodman JH, Crom WR, Boyett JM, Pui CH. Conventional compared with individualized chemotherapy for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. N. Engl. J. Med. 338(8), 499-505 (1998). (Pubitemid 28103133)
61. Schmiegelow K. Advances in individual prediction of methotrexate toxicity: a review. Br. J. Haematol. 146(5), 489-503 (2009).
62. Dasgupta A, Hammett-Stabler CA, McCudden CR. Therapeutic drug monitoring of antineoplastic drugs. In:Therapeutic Drug Monitoring Data: A Concise Guide . Hammett-Stabler CA, Dasgupta A (Eds).AACC Press, DC, USA, 209-220 (2007).
63. Odoul F, Le Guellec C, Lamagnere JP et al. Prediction of methotrexate elimination after high dose infusion in children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia using a population pharmacokinetic approach. Fundam. Clin. Pharmacol. 13(5), 595-604 (1999).
64. van Haandel L, Becker ML, Leeder JS, Williams TD, Stobaugh JF. A novel high-performance liquid chromatography/ mass spectrometry method for improved selective and sensitive measurement of methotrexate polyglutamation status in human red blood cells. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 23(23), 3693-3702 (2009).
65. McCune JS, Holmberg LA. Busulfan in hematopoietic stem cell transplant setting. Expert Opin. Drug Metab. Toxicol. 5(8), 957-969 (2009).
66. Russell JA, Kangarloo SB. Therapeutic drug monitoring of busulfan in transplantation. Curr. Pharm. Des. 14(20), 1936-1949 (2008).
67. McCune JS, Gibbs JP, Slattery JT. Plasma concentration monitoring of busulfan: does it improve clinical outcome? Clin. Pharmacokinet. 39(2), 155-165 (2000).
68. Rauh M, Stachel D, Kuhlen M, Groschl M, Holter W, Rascher W. Quantification of busulfan in saliva and plasma in haematopoietic stem cell transplantation in children: validation of liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method. Clin. Pharmacokinet. 45(3), 305-316 (2006). (Pubitemid 43327495)
69. Bouligand J, Boland I, Valteau-Couanet D et al. In children and adolescents, the pharmacodynamics of high-dose busulfan is dependent on the second alkylating agent used in the combined regimen (melphalan or thiotepa).Bone Marrow Transplant. 32(10), 979-986 (2003). (Pubitemid 37461533)
70. Vassal G, Gouyette A, Hartmann O, Pico JL, Lemerle J. Pharmacokinetics of high-dose busulfan in children. Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. 24(6), 386-390 (1989). (Pubitemid 19239318)
71. Schiltmeyer B, Klingebiel T, Schwab M et al. Population pharmacokinetics of oral busulfan in children. Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. 52(3), 209-216 (2003). (Pubitemid 37204534)
72. Soverini S, Martinelli G, Iacobucci I, Baccarani M. Imatinib mesylate for the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia. Expert Rev. Anticancer Ther. 8(6), 853-864 (2008).
73. Bullock JM, Smith PF, Booker BM et al. Development of a pharmacokinetic and bayesian optimal sampling model for individualization of oral busulfan in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Ther. Drug Monit. 28(1), 62-66 (2006). (Pubitemid 44391695)
74. Tabak A, Hoffer E, Rowe JM, Krivoy N. Monitoring of busulfan area under the curve: estimation by a single measurement. Ther. Drug Monit. 23(5), 526-528 (2001). (Pubitemid 32912274)
75. Vaughan WP, Carey D, Perry S, Westfall AO, Salzman DE. A limited sampling strategy for pharmacokinetic directed therapy with intravenous busulfan. Biol. Blood Marrow Transplant. 8(11), 619-624 (2002). (Pubitemid 35446753)
76. Bleyzac N, Souillet G, Magron P et al. Improved clinical outcome of paediatric bone marrow recipients using a test dose and Bayesian pharmacokinetic individualization of busulfan dosage regimens. Bone Marrow Transplant. 28(8), 743-751 (2001). (Pubitemid 33089217)
77. Bleyzac N. The use of pharmacokinetic models in paediatric onco-haematology: effects on clinical outcome through the examples of busulfan and cyclosporine. Fundam. Clin. Pharmacol. 22(6), 605-608 (2008).
78. Brice K, Valerie B, Claire G et al. Risk-adjusted monitoring of veno-occlusive disease following bayesian individualization of busulfan dosage for bone marrow transplantation in paediatrics. Pharmacoepidemiol. Drug Safety 17(2), 135-143 (2008). (Pubitemid 351308512)
79. Salamone SJ, Benfield CN, Courtney JB et al. A rapid nanoparticle immunoassay to quantitate busulfan in plasma. Biol. Blood Marrow Transplant. 15(S1), 154 (2009).
80. Courtney JB, Harney R, Li Y et al. Determination of busulfan in human plasma using an ELISA format. Ther. Drug Monit. 31(4), 489-494 (2009).
81. Hawwa AF, Millership JS, Collier PS et al. Pharmacogenomic studies of the anticancer and immunosuppressive thiopurines mercaptopurine and azathioprine. Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 66(4), 517-528 (2008).
82. Lennard L. The clinical pharmacology of 6-mercaptopurine. Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 43(4), 329-339 (1992).
83. McLeod HL. Therapeutic drug monitoring opportunities in cancer therapy. Pharmacol. Ther. 74(1), 39-54 (1997). (Pubitemid 27337353)
84. Lennard L. Therapeutic drug monitoring of cytotoxic drugs. Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 52(Suppl. 1), 75S-87S (2001). (Pubitemid 32823034)
85. Endresen L, Lie SO, Storm-Mathisen I, Rugstad HE, Stokke O. Pharmacokinetics of oral 6-mercaptopurine: relationship between plasma levels and urine excretion of parent drug. Ther. Drug Monit. 12(3), 227-234 (1990). (Pubitemid 20150886)
86. Kapoor A, Figlin RA. Targeted inhibition of mammalian target of rapamycin for the treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma. Cancer 115(16), 3618-3630 (2009).
87. MacDonald A, Scarola J, Burke JT, Zimmerman JJ. Clinical pharmacokinetics and therapeutic drug monitoring of sirolimus. Clin. Ther. 22(Suppl. B), B101-B121 (2000). (Pubitemid 30306050)
88. Marty FM, Lowry CM, Cutler CS et al. Voriconazole and sirolimus coadministration after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Biol. Blood Marrow Transplant. 12(5), 552-559 (2006). (Pubitemid 43956360)
89. Campone M, Levy V, Bourbouloux E et al. Safety and pharmacokinetics of paclitaxel and the oral mtor inhibitor everolimus in advanced solid tumours. Br. J. Cancer 100(2), 315-321 (2009).
90. Cattaneo D, Cortinovis M, Baldelli S, Gotti E, Remuzzi G, Perico N. Limited sampling strategies for the estimation of sirolimus daily exposure in kidney transplant recipients on a calcineurin inhibitor-free regimen. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 49(7), 773-781 (2009).
91. Sanchez-Fructuoso AI. Everolimus: an update on the mechanism of action, pharmacokinetics and recent clinical trials. Expert Opin. Drug Metab. Toxicol. 4(6), 807-819 (2008). (Pubitemid 352003202)
92. Ellard SL, Clemons M, Gelmon KA et al. Randomized Phase II study comparing two schedules of everolimus in patients with recurrent/metastatic breast cancer: NCIC clinical trials group ind.163. J. Clin. Oncol. 27(27), 4536-4541 (2009).
93. Hudes GR, Berkenblit A, Feingold J, Atkins MB, Rini BI, Dutcher J. Clinical trial experience with temsirolimus in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma. Semin. Oncol. 36(Suppl. 3), S26-S36 (2009).
94. Sarkaria JN, Schwingler P, Schild SE et al. Phase I trial of sirolimus combined with radiation and cisplatin in non-small cell lung cancer. J. Thorac. Oncol. 2(8), 751-757 (2007). (Pubitemid 47357531)
95. Malizzia LJ, Hsu A. Temsirolimus, an mTOR inhibitor for treatment of patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma. Clin. J. Oncol. Nurs. 12(4), 639-646 (2008).
96. Joerger M, Schellens JH, Beijnen JH. Therapeutic drug monitoring of non-anticancer drugs in cancer patients. Methods Find. Exp. Clin. Pharmacol. 26(7), 531-545 (2004). (Pubitemid 39485219)
97. Saif MW, Choma A, Salamone SJ, Chu E. Pharmacokinetically guided dose adjustment of 5-fluorouracil: a rational approach to improving therapeutic outcomes. J. Natl Cancer Inst. 101(22), 1543-1552 (2009).
98. Wei X, McLeod HL, McMurrough J, Gonzalez FJ, Fernandez-Salguero P. Molecular basis of the human dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase deficiency and 5-fluorouracil toxicity. J. Clin. Invest. 98(3), 610-615 (1996). (Pubitemid 26349163)
99. Gamelin E, Boisdron-Celle M, Guerin-Meyer V et al. Correlation between uracil and dihydrouracil plasma ratio, fluorouracil (5-FU) pharmacokinetic parameters, and tolerance in patients with advanced colorectal cancer: a potential interest for predicting 5-FU toxicity and determining optimal 5-FU dosage. J. Clin. Oncol. 17(4), 1105 (1999).
100. Milano G, Etienne MC, Cassuto-Viguier E et al. Influence of sex and age on fluorouracil clearance. J. Clin. Oncol. 10(7), 1171-1175 (1992).
101. Gamelin E, Delva R, Jacob J et al. Individual fluorouracil dose adjustment based on pharmacokinetic follow-up compared with conventional dosage: results of a multicenter randomized trial of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 26(13), 2099-2105 (2008).
102. Sawyers CL, Druker B. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors in chronic myeloid leukemia. Cancer J. Sci. Am. 5(2), 63-69 (1999). (Pubitemid 29169292)
103. Kumar L. Chronic myelogenous leukaemia (CML): an update. Natl Med. J. India 19(5), 255-263 (2006). (Pubitemid 44941614)
104. Gambacorti-Passerini CB, Gunby RH, Piazza R, Galietta A, Rostagno R, Scapozza L. Molecular mechanisms of resistance to imatinib in Philadelphia-chromosome-positive leukaemias. Lancet Oncol. 4(2), 75-85 (2003). (Pubitemid 36196725)
105. Singh N, Kumar L, Meena R, Velpandian T. Drug monitoring of imatinib levels in patients undergoing therapy for chronic myeloid leukaemia: comparing plasma levels of responders and non-responders. Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 65(6), 545-549 (2009).
106. Larson RA, Druker BJ, Guilhot F et al. Imatinib pharmacokinetics and its correlation with response and safety in chronic-phase chronic myeloid leukemia: a subanalysis of the iris study. Blood 111(8), 4022-4028 (2008).
107. Jabbour E, Kantarjian H, Jones D et al. Frequency and clinical significance of BCR-ABL mutations in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia treated with imatinib mesylate. Leukemia 20(10), 1767-1773 (2006). (Pubitemid 44574988)
108. Branford S, Rudzki Z, Walsh S et al. Detection of BCR-ABL mutations in patients with CML treated with imatinib is virtually always accompanied by clinical resistance, and mutations in the ATP phosphate-binding loop (p-loop) are associated with a poor prognosis. Blood 102(1), 276-283 (2003). (Pubitemid 36759665)
109. Wilkinson GR. Cytochrome P4503A (CYP3A) metabolism: prediction of in vivo activity in humans. J. Pharmacokinet. Biopharm. 24(5), 475-490 (1996). (Pubitemid 27156933)
110. Burk O, Wojnowski L. Cytochrome P450 3A and their regulation. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch. Pharmacol. 369(1), 105-124 (2004). (Pubitemid 38161227)
111. Illmer T, Schaich M, Platzbecker U et al. P-glycoprotein-mediated drug efflux is a resistance mechanism of chronic myelogenous leukemia cells to treatment with imatinib mesylate. Leukemia 18(3), 401-408 (2004). (Pubitemid 38425851)
112. Druker BJ, Tamura S, Buchdunger E et al. Effects of a selective inhibitor of the abl tyrosine kinase on the growth of BCR-ABL positive cells. Nat. Med. 2(5), 561-566 (1996).
113. Peng B, Lloyd P, Schran H. Clinical pharmacokinetics of imatinib. Clin. Pharmacokinet. 44(9), 879-894 (2005). (Pubitemid 41252840)
114. Liegl-Atzwanger B, Fletcher JA, Fletcher CD. Gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Virchows Arch. 456(2), 111-127
115. Joensuu H. Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST).Ann. Oncol. 17(Suppl. 10), X280-X286 (2006).
116. Miettinen M, Lasota J. Gastrointestinal stromal tumors: review on morphology, molecular pathology, prognosis, and differential diagnosis. Arch. Pathol. Lab Med. 130(10), 1466-1478 (2006). (Pubitemid 44520713)
117. Heinrich MC, Corless CL, Demetri GD et al. Kinase mutations and imatinib response in patients with metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumor. J. Clin. Oncol. 21(23), 4342-4349 (2003). (Pubitemid 46621810)
118. Demetri GD, Wang Y, Wehrle E et al. Imatinib plasma levels are correlated with clinical benefit in patients with unresectable/metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumors. J. Clin. Oncol. 27(19), 3141-3147 (2009).
119. Sciot R, Debiec-Rychter M. GIST under imatinib therapy. Semin. Diagn. Pathol. 23(2), 84-90 (2006). (Pubitemid 44692416)
120. Antonescu CR, Besmer P, Guo T et al. Acquired resistance to imatinib in gastrointestinal stromal tumor occurs through secondary gene mutation. Clin. Cancer Res. 11(11), 4182-4190 (2005). (Pubitemid 40791584)
121. Widmer N, Decosterd LA, Csajka C et al. Imatinib plasma levels: correlation with clinical benefit in GIST patients. Br. J. Cancer 102, 1198-1199 (2010).
122. Wang L, Giannoudis A, Lane S, Williamson P, Pirmohamed M, Clark RE. Expression of the uptake drug transporter hoct1 is an important clinical determinant of the response to imatinib in chronic myeloid leukemia. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 83(2), 258-264 (2008).
123. Rochat B, Fayet A, Widmer N et al. Imatinib metabolite profiling in parallel to imatinib quantification in plasma of treated patients using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. J. Mass Spectrom. 43(6), 736-752 (2008). (Pubitemid 351954808)
124. Prenen H, Guetens G, De Boeck G, Highley M, van Oosterom AT, de Bruijn EA. Everolimus alters imatinib blood partition in favour of the erythrocyte. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 58(8), 1063-1066 (2006). (Pubitemid 44213638)
125. Herbst RS. Review of epidermal growth factor receptor biology. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 59(2 Suppl.), 21-26 (2004). (Pubitemid 38610223)
126. Bergman E, Forsell P, Persson EM et al. Pharmacokinetics of gefitinib in humans: the influence of gastrointestinal factors. Int. J. Pharm. 341(1-2), 134-142 (2007). (Pubitemid 47096678)
127. Swaisland HC, Smith RP, Laight A et al. Single-dose clinical pharmacokinetic studies of gefitinib. Clin. Pharmacokinet. 44(11), 1165-1177 (2005). (Pubitemid 41483701)
128. Swaisland H, Laight A, Stafford L et al. Pharmacokinetics and tolerability of the orally active selective epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor zd1839 in healthy volunteers. Clin. Pharmacokinet. 40(4), 297-306 (2001). (Pubitemid 32458155)
129. Wilson CG, O'Mahony B, Connolly SM et al. Do gastrointestinal transit parameters influence the pharmacokinetics of gefitinib? Int. J. Pharm. 376(1-2), 7-12 (2009).
130. Moyer JD, Barbacci EG, Iwata KK et al. Induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest by cp-358,774, an inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase. Cancer Res. 57(21), 4838-4848 (1997). (Pubitemid 27468992)
131. Moore MJ, Goldstein D, Hamm J et al. Erlotinib plus gemcitabine compared with gemcitabine alone in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer: a Phase III trial of the national cancer institute of Canada clinical trials group. J. Clin. Oncol. 25(15), 1960-1966 (2007). (Pubitemid 46972777)
132. Ling J, Johnson KA, Miao Z et al. Metabolism and excretion of erlotinib, a small molecule inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase, in healthy male volunteers. Drug Metab. Dispos. 34(3), 420-426 (2006). (Pubitemid 43290900)
133. Lu JF, Eppler SM, Wolf J et al. Clinical pharmacokinetics of erlotinib in patients with solid tumors and exposure-safety relationship in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 80(2), 136-145 (2006). (Pubitemid 44160689)
134. Thomas F, Rochaix P, White-Koning M et al. Population pharmacokinetics of erlotinib and its pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic relationships in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Eur. J. Cancer 45(13), 2316-2323 (2009).
135. Hanada K, Nishijima K, Ogata H, Atagi S, Kawahara M. Population pharmacokinetic analysis of cisplatin and its metabolites in cancer patients: possible misinterpretation of covariates for pharmacokinetic parameters calculated from the concentrations of unchanged cisplatin, ultrafiltered platinum and total platinum. Jpn J. Clin. Oncol. 31(5), 179-184 (2001). (Pubitemid 32640364)
136. Urien S, Brain E, Bugat R et al. Pharmacokinetics of platinum after oral or intravenous cisplatin: a Phase I study in 32 adult patients. Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. 55(1), 55-60 (2005). (Pubitemid 40064496)
137. Salas S, Mercier C, Ciccolini J et al. Therapeutic drug monitoring for dose individualization of cisplatin in testicular cancer patients based upon total platinum measurement in plasma. Ther. Drug Monit. 28(4), 532-539 (2006). (Pubitemid 44181487)
138. Harland SJ, Gumbrell LA, Horwich A. Carboplatin dose in combination chemotherapy for testicular cancer. Eur. J. Cancer 27(6), 691-695 (1991).
139. Egorin MJ, Van Echo DA, Olman EA, Whitacre MY, Forrest A, Aisner J. Prospective validation of a pharmacologically based dosing scheme for the cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II) analogue diamminecyclobutanedicarboxylatoplatinum. Cancer Res. 45(12 Pt 1), 6502-6506 (1985). (Pubitemid 16224834)
140. Chatelut E, Pivot X, Otto J et al. A limited sampling strategy for determining carboplatin auc and monitoring drug dosage. Eur. J. Cancer 36(2), 264-269 (2000). (Pubitemid 30102205)
141. Veal GJ, Foot A, McDowell H, Ellershaw C, Pearson AD, Boddy AV. Optimization of high dose carboplatin treatment in children with stage IV soft tissue sarcoma (SIOP/UKCCSG MMT 98 study) by real-time pharmocokinetic monitoring. Proc. Am. Assoc. Cancer Res. 43, 1364 (2002).
142. Nguyen L, Chatelut E, Chevreau C et al. Population pharmacokinetics of total and unbound etoposide. Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. 41(2), 125-132 (1998). (Pubitemid 28096266)
143. You B, Tranchand B, Girard P et al. Etoposide pharmacokinetics and survival in patients with small cell lung cancer: a multicentre study. Lung Cancer 62(2), 261-272 (2008).
144. Elis A, Lishner M, Walker S, Atias D, Korenberg A, Koren G. Doxorubicin in lymphoma: association between pharmacokinetic variability and clinical response. Ther. Drug Monit. 32(1), 50-52 (2010).
145. Chen D, Song SH, Wientjes MG et al. Nontoxic suramin as a chemosensitizer in patients: dosing nomogram development. Pharm. Res. 23(6), 1265-1274 (2006). (Pubitemid 43946148)
146. Villalona-Calero MA, Wientjes MG, Otterson GA et al. Phase I study of low-dose suramin as a chemosensitizer in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Clin. Cancer Res. 9(9), 3303-3311 (2003). (Pubitemid 37082724)
147. Kahan BD, Napoli KL, Kelly PA et al. Therapeutic drug monitoring of sirolimus: correlations with efficacy and toxicity. Clin. Transplant. 14(2), 97-109 (2000). (Pubitemid 30171208)