메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 41, Issue 2, 2011, Pages 103-123

Two emerging concepts for elite athletes: The short-term effects of testosterone and cortisol on the neuromuscular system and the dose-response training role of these endogenous hormones

Author keywords

Hydrocortisone, pharmacodynamics; Resistance training; Testosterone, pharmacodynamics

Indexed keywords

ANDROGEN; ANTIINFLAMMATORY AGENT; HYDROCORTISONE; TESTOSTERONE;

EID: 78751610788     PISSN: 01121642     EISSN: 11792035     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2165/11539170-000000000-00000     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (159)

References (247)
  • 1
    • 0036163182 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • American College of Sports Medicine position stand: Progression models in resistance training for healthy adults
    • Kraemer WJ, Adams K, Cafarelli E, et al. American College of Sports Medicine position stand: progression models in resistance training for healthy adults. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2002; 34 (2): 364-80
    • (2002) Med Sci Sports Exerc , vol.34 , Issue.2 , pp. 364-80
    • Kraemer, W.J.1    Adams, K.2    Cafarelli, E.3
  • 2
    • 0031817981 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resistance training and elite athletes: Adaptations and program considerations
    • Kraemer WJ, Duncan ND, Volek JS. Resistance training and elite athletes: adaptations and program considerations. J Orthop Sport Phys 1998; 28 (2): 110-9
    • (1998) J Orthop Sport Phys , vol.28 , Issue.2 , pp. 110-9
    • Kraemer, W.J.1    Duncan, N.D.2    Volek, J.S.3
  • 3
    • 33846471910 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The adaptations to strength training: Morphological and neurological contributions to increased strength
    • Folland JP, Williams AG. The adaptations to strength training: morphological and neurological contributions to increased strength. Sports Med 2007; 37 (2): 145-68
    • (2007) Sports Med , vol.37 , Issue.2 , pp. 145-68
    • Folland, J.P.1    Williams, A.G.2
  • 4
    • 17844384537 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hormonal responses and adaptations to resistance exercise and training
    • Kraemer WJ, Ratamess NA. Hormonal responses and adaptations to resistance exercise and training. Sports Med 2005; 35 (4): 339-61
    • (2005) Sports Med , vol.35 , Issue.4 , pp. 339-61
    • Kraemer, W.J.1    Ratamess, N.A.2
  • 5
    • 0002427313 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hormonal mechanisms related to the expression of muscular strength and power
    • Komi PV, editor Boston (MA): Blackwell Scientific Publishing
    • Kraemer WJ, Mazzetti SA. Hormonal mechanisms related to the expression of muscular strength and power. In: Komi PV, editor. Strength and power in sport. Boston (MA): Blackwell Scientific Publishing, 2003: 73-95
    • (2003) Strength and Power in Sport , pp. 73-95
    • Kraemer, W.J.1    Mazzetti, S.A.2
  • 6
    • 33748115274 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Possible stimuli for strength and power adaptation: Acute hormonal responses
    • Crewther B, Keogh J, Cronin J, et al. Possible stimuli for strength and power adaptation: acute hormonal responses. Sports Med 2006; 36 (3): 215-38
    • (2006) Sports Med , vol.36 , Issue.3 , pp. 215-38
    • Crewther, B.1    Keogh, J.2    Cronin, J.3
  • 7
    • 15744404037 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preconditioning of the performance in power events by endogenous testosterone: In memory of Professor Carmelo Bosco
    • Viru A, Viru M. Preconditioning of the performance in power events by endogenous testosterone: in memory of Professor Carmelo Bosco. J Strength Cond Res 2005; 19 (1): 6-8
    • (2005) J Strength Cond Res , vol.19 , Issue.1 , pp. 6-8
    • Viru, A.1    Viru, M.2
  • 8
    • 0034874598 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Non-genomic effects of glucocorti-coids in the neural system
    • Makara GB, Haller J. Non-genomic effects of glucocorti-coids in the neural system. Prog Neurobiol 2001; 65 (4): 367-90
    • (2001) Prog Neurobiol , vol.65 , Issue.4 , pp. 367-90
    • Makara, G.B.1    Haller, J.2
  • 9
    • 0031030995 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Steroid hormones and excitability in the mam-malian brain
    • Joels M. Steroid hormones and excitability in the mam-malian brain. Front Neuroendocrin 1997; 18 (1): 2-48.
    • (1997) Front Neuroendocrin , vol.18 , Issue.1 , pp. 2-48
    • Joels, M.1
  • 10
    • 0033638324 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiple actions of steroid hormones: A focus on rapid, nongenomic effects
    • Falkenstein E, Tillman HC, Christ M, et al. Multiple actions of steroid hormones: a focus on rapid, nongenomic effects. Pharmacol Rev 2000; 52 (4): 513-55
    • (2000) Pharmacol Rev , vol.52 , Issue.4 , pp. 513-55
    • Falkenstein, E.1    Tillman, H.C.2    Christ, M.3
  • 11
    • 73949131768 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Elevations in osten-sibly anabolic hormones with resistance exercise enhance neither training-induced muscle hypertrophy nor strength of the elbow flexors
    • West DW, Burd NA, Tang JE, et al. Elevations in osten-sibly anabolic hormones with resistance exercise enhance neither training-induced muscle hypertrophy nor strength of the elbow flexors. J Appl Physiol 2010; 108 (1): 60-7
    • (2010) J Appl Physiol , vol.108 , Issue.1 , pp. 60-7
    • West, D.W.1    Burd, N.A.2    Tang, J.E.3
  • 12
    • 70450210312 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resistance ex-ercise-induced increases in putative anabolic hormones do not enhance muscle protein synthesis or intracellular signalling in young men
    • West DW, Kujbida GW, Moore DR, et al. Resistance ex-ercise-induced increases in putative anabolic hormones do not enhance muscle protein synthesis or intracellular signalling in young men. J Physiol 2009; 587 (21): 5239-47
    • (2009) J Physiol , vol.587 , Issue.21 , pp. 5239-47
    • West, D.W.1    Kujbida, G.W.2    Moore, D.R.3
  • 13
    • 68249142965 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of resistive exercise rest interval on hormonal response, strength, and hypertrophy with training
    • Buresh R, Berg K, French J. The effect of resistive exercise rest interval on hormonal response, strength, and hypertrophy with training. J Strength Cond Res 2009; 23 (1): 62-71
    • (2009) J Strength Cond Res , vol.23 , Issue.1 , pp. 62-71
    • Buresh, R.1    Berg, K.2    French, J.3
  • 14
    • 33751119262 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hyper-trophy with unilateral resistance exercise occurs without increases in endogenous anabolic hormone concentration
    • Wilkinson SB, Tarnopolsky MA, Grant EJ, et al. Hyper-trophy with unilateral resistance exercise occurs without increases in endogenous anabolic hormone concentration. Eur J Appl Physiol 2006; 98 (6): 546-55
    • (2006) Eur J Appl Physiol , vol.98 , Issue.6 , pp. 546-55
    • Wilkinson, S.B.1    Tarnopolsky, M.A.2    Grant, E.J.3
  • 15
    • 0041826906 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Muscle hyper-trophy, hormonal adaptations and strength development during strength training in strength-trained and untrained men
    • Ahtiainen JP, Pakarinen A, Alen M, et al. Muscle hyper-trophy, hormonal adaptations and strength development during strength training in strength-trained and untrained men. Eur J Appl Physiol 2003; 89 (6): 555-63
    • (2003) Eur J Appl Physiol , vol.89 , Issue.6 , pp. 555-63
    • Ahtiainen, J.P.1    Pakarinen, A.2    Alen, M.3
  • 16
    • 0942298582 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of training status and exercise mode on endogenous steroid hormones in men
    • Tremblay MS, Copeland JL, Van Helder W. Effect of training status and exercise mode on endogenous steroid hormones in men. J Appl Physiol 2004; 96 (2): 531-9
    • (2004) J Appl Physiol , vol.96 , Issue.2 , pp. 531-9
    • Tremblay, M.S.1    Copeland, J.L.2    Van Helder, W.3
  • 17
    • 8144222233 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute hormonal responses to heavy resistance exercise in strength athletes versus nonathletes
    • Ahtiainen JP, Pakarinen A, Kraemer WJ, et al. Acute hormonal responses to heavy resistance exercise in strength athletes versus nonathletes. Can J Appl Physiol 2004; 29 (5): 527-43
    • (2004) Can J Appl Physiol , vol.29 , Issue.5 , pp. 527-43
    • Ahtiainen, J.P.1    Pakarinen, A.2    Kraemer, W.J.3
  • 18
    • 0031891998 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Motor unit discharge and force tremor in skill-and strength-trained individuals
    • Semmler JG, Nordstrom MA. Motor unit discharge and force tremor in skill-and strength-trained individuals. Exp Brain Res 1998; 119 (1): 27-38
    • (1998) Exp Brain Res , vol.119 , Issue.1 , pp. 27-38
    • Semmler, J.G.1    Nordstrom, M.A.2
  • 19
    • 0024245509 scopus 로고
    • Muscle fibre characteristics, muscle cross-sectional area and force production in strength athletes, physically active males and females
    • Ryushi T, Hakkinen K, Kauhanen H, et al. Muscle fibre characteristics, muscle cross-sectional area and force production in strength athletes, physically active males and females. Scand J Sport Sci 1988; 10 (1): 7-15
    • (1988) Scand J Sport Sci , vol.10 , Issue.1 , pp. 7-15
    • Ryushi, T.1    Hakkinen, K.2    Kauhanen, H.3
  • 20
    • 0030465972 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reproductive function in male endurance athletes: Sperm analysis and hormonal profile
    • Luca A, Chicharro JL, Perez M, et al., Reproductive function in male endurance athletes: sperm analysis and hormonal profile, J Appl Physiol, 1996, 81(6) 2627-36.
    • (1996) J Appl Physiol , vol.81 , Issue.6 , pp. 2627-36
    • Luca, A.1    Chicharro, J.L.2    Perez, M.3
  • 21
    • 78751618056 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The motor system: Multi-joint systems: Chapter 7
    • 3rd ed Champaign (IL): Human Kinetics
    • Enoka RM. The motor system: multi-joint systems: chapter 7. In: Neuromechanics of human movement. 3rd ed. Champaign (IL): Human Kinetics, 2002: 313-58
    • (2002) Neuromechanics of Human Movement , pp. 313-58
    • Enoka, R.M.1
  • 22
    • 79957684585 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The motor system: Single-joint system func-tion: Chapter 6
    • 3rd ed Champaign (IL): Human Kinetics
    • Enoka RM. The motor system: single-joint system func-tion: chapter 6. In: Neuromechanics of human movement. 3rd ed. Champaign (IL): Human Kinetics, 2002: 241-312
    • (2002) Neuromechanics of Human Movement , pp. 241-312
    • Enoka, R.M.1
  • 23
    • 0035175032 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gonadectomy and reduced physical activity: Effects on skeletal muscle
    • Brown M, Fisher JS, Hasser EM. Gonadectomy and reduced physical activity: effects on skeletal muscle. Arch Phys Med Rehab 2001; 82 (1): 93-7
    • (2001) Arch Phys Med Rehab , vol.82 , Issue.1 , pp. 93-7
    • Brown, M.1    Fisher, J.S.2    Hasser, E.M.3
  • 24
    • 33748470342 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Continuous administration prevents skeletal muscle atrophy and enhances resistance to fatigue in orchidectomized male mice
    • Axell AM, MacLean HE, Plant DR, et al. Continuous administration prevents skeletal muscle atrophy and enhances resistance to fatigue in orchidectomized male mice. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2006; 291 (3): E506-16
    • (2006) Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab , vol.291 , Issue.3
    • Axell, A.M.1    MacLean, H.E.2    Plant, D.R.3
  • 25
    • 0018952811 scopus 로고
    • Effects of castration and testosterone substitution on body composition and muscle metabolism in rats
    • Krotkiewski M, Kral JG, Karlsson J. Effects of castration and testosterone substitution on body composition and muscle metabolism in rats. Acta Physiol Scand 1980; 109 (3): 233-7
    • (1980) Acta Physiol Scand , vol.109 , Issue.3 , pp. 233-7
    • Krotkiewski, M.1    Kral, J.G.2    Karlsson, J.3
  • 26
    • 0037658537 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of testosterone on gastrocnemius muscle fibres in growing and adult male and female rats: A histochemical, morpho-metric and ultrastructural study
    • Ustunel I, Akkoyunlu G, Demir R. The effect of testosterone on gastrocnemius muscle fibres in growing and adult male and female rats: a histochemical, morpho-metric and ultrastructural study. Anat Histol Embryol 2003; 32 (2): 70-9
    • (2003) Anat Histol Embryol , vol.32 , Issue.2 , pp. 70-9
    • Ustunel, I.1    Akkoyunlu, G.2    Demir, R.3
  • 27
    • 0037252148 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of testosterone replacement therapy on skeletal muscle after spinal cord injury
    • Gregory CM, Vandenborne K, Huang HF, et al. Effects of testosterone replacement therapy on skeletal muscle after spinal cord injury. Spinal Cord 2003; 41 (1): 23-8
    • (2003) Spinal Cord , vol.41 , Issue.1 , pp. 23-8
    • Gregory, C.M.1    Vandenborne, K.2    Huang, H.F.3
  • 28
    • 0020078492 scopus 로고
    • Influence of castration on the electrical excitability and contraction properties of the rat levator ani muscle
    • Souccar C, Lapa AJ, Valle J. Influence of castration on the electrical excitability and contraction properties of the rat levator ani muscle. Exp Neurol 1982; 75 (3): 576-88
    • (1982) Exp Neurol , vol.75 , Issue.3 , pp. 576-88
    • Souccar, C.1    Lapa, A.J.2    Valle, J.3
  • 29
    • 0028870414 scopus 로고
    • Axotomy of developing rat spinal motoneurons: Cell survival, soma size, muscle recovery, and the influence of testosterone
    • Lubischer JL, Arnold AP. Axotomy of developing rat spinal motoneurons: cell survival, soma size, muscle recovery, and the influence of testosterone. J Neurobiol 1995; 26 (2): 225-40
    • (1995) J Neurobiol , vol.26 , Issue.2 , pp. 225-40
    • Lubischer, J.L.1    Arnold, A.P.2
  • 30
    • 0024822334 scopus 로고
    • Myosin heavy chain turnover and glucocorticoid deterrence by exercise in muscle
    • Czerwinski SM, Zak R, Kurowski TT, et al. Myosin heavy chain turnover and glucocorticoid deterrence by exercise in muscle. J Appl Physiol 1989; 67 (6): 2311-5
    • (1989) J Appl Physiol , vol.67 , Issue.6 , pp. 2311-5
    • Czerwinski, S.M.1    Zak, R.2    Kurowski, T.T.3
  • 31
    • 0025187333 scopus 로고
    • Glucocorti-coid-induced muscle atrophy prevention by exercise in fast-twitch fibers
    • Falduto MT, Czerwinski SM, Hickson RC. Glucocorti-coid-induced muscle atrophy prevention by exercise in fast-twitch fibers. J Appl Physiol 1990; 69 (3): 1058-62
    • (1990) J Appl Physiol , vol.69 , Issue.3 , pp. 1058-62
    • Falduto, M.T.1    Czerwinski, S.M.2    Hickson, R.C.3
  • 32
    • 0027203780 scopus 로고
    • Exercise train-ing fails to prevent glucocorticoid-induced muscle alterations in young growing rats
    • Fimbel S, Abdelmalki A, Mayet MH, et al. Exercise train-ing fails to prevent glucocorticoid-induced muscle alterations in young growing rats. Pflug Arch Eur J Phy 1993; 424 (5-6): 369-76
    • (1993) Pflug Arch Eur J Phy , vol.424 , Issue.5-6 , pp. 369-76
    • Fimbel, S.1    Abdelmalki, A.2    Mayet, M.H.3
  • 33
    • 0033253004 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of exercise on muscle fibers in rats with steroid myopathy
    • Nakago K, Senda M, Touno M, et al. Influence of exercise on muscle fibers in rats with steroid myopathy. Acta Medica Okayama 1999; 53 (6): 265-70
    • (1999) Acta Medica Okayama , vol.53 , Issue.6 , pp. 265-70
    • Nakago, K.1    Senda, M.2    Touno, M.3
  • 34
    • 0026076582 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of the effects of high dose testosterone and 19-nortestoster-one to a replacement dose of testosterone on strength and body composition in normal men
    • Friedl KE, Dettori JR, Hannan CJ, et al. Comparison of the effects of high dose testosterone and 19-nortestoster-one to a replacement dose of testosterone on strength and body composition in normal men. J Steroid Biochem 1991; 40 (4-6): 607-12
    • (1991) J Steroid Biochem , vol.40 , Issue.4-6 , pp. 607-12
    • Friedl, K.E.1    Dettori, J.R.2    Hannan, C.J.3
  • 35
    • 0035658551 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Testosterone dose-response relationships in healthy young men
    • Bhasin S, Woodhouse L, Casaburi R, et al. Testosterone dose-response relationships in healthy young men. Am J Physiol-Endoc M 2001; 281 (6): E1172-81
    • (2001) Am J Physiol-Endoc M , vol.281 , Issue.6
    • Bhasin, S.1    Woodhouse, L.2    Casaburi, R.3
  • 36
    • 0036298091 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Testoster-one-induced increase in muscle size in healthy young men is associated with muscle fiber hypertrophy
    • Sinha-Hikim I, Artaza J, Woodhouse L, et al. Testoster-one-induced increase in muscle size in healthy young men is associated with muscle fiber hypertrophy. Am J Physiol-Endoc M 2002; 283 (1): E154-64
    • (2002) Am J Physiol-Endoc M , vol.283 , Issue.1
    • Sinha-Hikim, I.1    Artaza, J.2    Woodhouse, L.3
  • 37
    • 33747641590 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of testosterone supplementation on skeletal muscle fibre hypertrophy and satellite cells in community-dwelling older men
    • Sinha-Hikim I, Cornford M, Gaytan H, et al. Effects of testosterone supplementation on skeletal muscle fibre hypertrophy and satellite cells in community-dwelling older men. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2006; 91 (8): 3024-33
    • (2006) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.91 , Issue.8 , pp. 3024-33
    • Sinha-Hikim, I.1    Cornford, M.2    Gaytan, H.3
  • 38
    • 0037403994 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of models to predict anabolic response to testosterone administration in healthy young men
    • Woodhouse LJ, Reisz-Porszasz S, JaVanbakht M, et al. Development of models to predict anabolic response to testosterone administration in healthy young men. Am J Physiol-Endoc M 2003; 284 (5): E1009-17
    • (2003) Am J Physiol-Endoc M , vol.284 , Issue.5
    • Woodhouse, L.J.1    Reisz-Porszasz, S.2    Javanbakht, M.3
  • 39
    • 0031034361 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Testosterone replacement increases fatfree mass and muscle size in hypo-gonadal men
    • Bhasin S, Storer TW, Berman N, et al. Testosterone replacement increases fatfree mass and muscle size in hypo-gonadal men. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1997; 82 (2): 407-13
    • (1997) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.82 , Issue.2 , pp. 407-13
    • Bhasin, S.1    Storer, T.W.2    Berman, N.3
  • 40
    • 0034456450 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transdermal testosterone gel improves sexual function, mood, muscle strength, and body composition parameters in hypogo-nadal men
    • Wang C, Swerdloff RS, Iranmanesh A, et al. Transdermal testosterone gel improves sexual function, mood, muscle strength, and body composition parameters in hypogo-nadal men. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2000; 85 (8): 2839-53
    • (2000) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.85 , Issue.8 , pp. 2839-53
    • Wang, C.1    Swerdloff, R.S.2    Iranmanesh, A.3
  • 41
    • 0029851293 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protein synthesis rates of skeletal muscle, lymphocytes, and albumin with stress hormone infusion in healthy man
    • McNurlan MA, Sandgren A, Hunter K, et al. Protein synthesis rates of skeletal muscle, lymphocytes, and albumin with stress hormone infusion in healthy man. Metabolism 1996; 45 (11): 1388-94
    • (1996) Metabolism , vol.45 , Issue.11 , pp. 1388-94
    • McNurlan, M.A.1    Sandgren, A.2    Hunter, K.3
  • 42
    • 0028941849 scopus 로고
    • Effect of cortisol on energy expenditure and amino acid metabolism in humans
    • Brillon DJ, Zheng B, Campbell RG, et al. Effect of cortisol on energy expenditure and amino acid metabolism in humans. Am J Physiol 1995; 268 (3 Pt 1): E501-13
    • (1995) Am J Physiol , vol.268 , Issue.3 PART 1
    • Brillon, D.J.1    Zheng, B.2    Campbell, R.G.3
  • 43
    • 0033305306 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In-activity amplifies the catabolic response of skeletal muscle to cortisol
    • Ferrando AA, Stuart CA, Sheffield-Moore M, et al. In-activity amplifies the catabolic response of skeletal muscle to cortisol. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1999; 84 (10): 3515-21
    • (1999) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.84 , Issue.10 , pp. 3515-21
    • Ferrando, A.A.1    Stuart, C.A.2    Sheffield-Moore, M.3
  • 44
    • 34547101459 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The deleterious effects of bed rest on human skeletal muscle fibers are exacerbated by hypercortisolemia and ameliorated by dietary supplementation
    • Fitts RH, Romatowski JG, Peters JR, et al. The deleterious effects of bed rest on human skeletal muscle fibers are exacerbated by hypercortisolemia and ameliorated by dietary supplementation. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2007; 293 (1): C313-20
    • (2007) Am J Physiol Cell Physiol , vol.293 , Issue.1
    • Fitts, R.H.1    Romatowski, J.G.2    Peters, J.R.3
  • 45
    • 20144375547 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glucocorticoid-induced muscle atrophy: Mechanisms and therapeutic strategies
    • Salehian B, Kejriwal K. Glucocorticoid-induced muscle atrophy: mechanisms and therapeutic strategies. Endocr Pract 1999; 5 (5): 277-81
    • (1999) Endocr Pract , vol.5 , Issue.5 , pp. 277-81
    • Salehian, B.1    Kejriwal, K.2
  • 47
    • 4544240971 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cortisol-essential adaptation hormone in exercise
    • Viru A, Viru M. Cortisol-essential adaptation hormone in exercise. Int J Sports Med 2004; 25 (6): 461-4
    • (2004) Int J Sports Med , vol.25 , Issue.6 , pp. 461-4
    • Viru, A.1    Viru, M.2
  • 48
    • 0030943284 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interpreting the relation between force and cross-sectional area in human muscle
    • Bruce SA, Phillips SK, Woledge RC. Interpreting the relation between force and cross-sectional area in human muscle. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1997; 29 (5): 677-83
    • (1997) Med Sci Sports Exerc , vol.29 , Issue.5 , pp. 677-83
    • Bruce, S.A.1    Phillips, S.K.2    Woledge, R.C.3
  • 49
    • 0038485722 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Testosterone dose-dependently increases maximal voluntary strength and leg power, but does not affect fatigability or specific tension
    • Storer TW, Magliano L, Woodhouse L, et al. Testosterone dose-dependently increases maximal voluntary strength and leg power, but does not affect fatigability or specific tension. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2003; 88 (4): 1478-85
    • (2003) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.88 , Issue.4 , pp. 1478-85
    • Storer, T.W.1    Magliano, L.2    Woodhouse, L.3
  • 50
    • 8944233864 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of su-praphysiologic doses of testosterone on muscle size and strength in normal men
    • Bhasin S, Storer TW, Berman N, et al. The effects of su-praphysiologic doses of testosterone on muscle size and strength in normal men. N Engl J Med 1996; 335 (1): 1-7
    • (1996) N Engl J Med , vol.335 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-7
    • Bhasin, S.1    Storer, T.W.2    Berman, N.3
  • 51
    • 34250868994 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of short-term use of testosterone enanthate on muscular strength and power in healthy young men
    • Rogerson S, Weatherby RP, Deakin GB, et al. The effect of short-term use of testosterone enanthate on muscular strength and power in healthy young men. J Strength Cond Res 2007; 21 (2): 354-62
    • (2007) J Strength Cond Res , vol.21 , Issue.2 , pp. 354-62
    • Rogerson, S.1    Weatherby, R.P.2    Deakin, G.B.3
  • 52
    • 0034793432 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of testosterone administration and weight training on muscle architecture
    • Blazevich AJ, Giorgi A. Effect of testosterone administration and weight training on muscle architecture. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2001; 33 (10): 1688-93
    • (2001) Med Sci Sports Exerc , vol.33 , Issue.10 , pp. 1688-93
    • Blazevich, A.J.1    Giorgi, A.2
  • 53
    • 33845415733 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Suppression of endogenous testosterone production attenuates the response to strength training: A randomized, placebo-controlled, and blinded intervention study
    • Kvorning T, Andersen M, Brixen K, et al. Suppression of endogenous testosterone production attenuates the response to strength training: a randomized, placebo-controlled, and blinded intervention study. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2006; 291 (6): E1325-32
    • (2006) Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab , vol.291 , Issue.6
    • Kvorning, T.1    Andersen, M.2    Brixen, K.3
  • 54
    • 0023551013 scopus 로고
    • Initiating regular exercise protects against muscle atrophy from glucocorticoids
    • Czerwinski SM, Kurowski TG, O'Neill TM, et al. Initiating regular exercise protects against muscle atrophy from glucocorticoids. J Appl Physiol 1987; 63 (4): 1504-10
    • (1987) J Appl Physiol , vol.63 , Issue.4 , pp. 1504-10
    • Czerwinski, S.M.1    Kurowski, T.G.2    O'Neill, T.M.3
  • 55
    • 0028355478 scopus 로고
    • Skeletal muscle adaptations during early phase of heavy-resistance training in men and women
    • Staron RS, Karapondo DL, Kraemer WJ, et al. Skeletal muscle adaptations during early phase of heavy-resistance training in men and women. J Appl Physiol 1994; 76 (3): 1247-55
    • (1994) J Appl Physiol , vol.76 , Issue.3 , pp. 1247-55
    • Staron, R.S.1    Karapondo, D.L.2    Kraemer, W.J.3
  • 56
    • 0018486612 scopus 로고
    • Neural factors versus hyper-trophy in the time course of muscle strength gain
    • Moritani MA, deVries HA. Neural factors versus hyper-trophy in the time course of muscle strength gain. Am J Phys Med 1979; 58 (3): 115-30
    • (1979) Am J Phys Med , vol.58 , Issue.3 , pp. 115-30
    • Moritani, M.A.1    Devries, H.A.2
  • 57
    • 0028347727 scopus 로고
    • Successive time courses of strength development and steroid hormone responses to heavy-resistance training
    • Hickson RC, Hidaka K, Foster C, et al. Successive time courses of strength development and steroid hormone responses to heavy-resistance training. J Appl Physiol 1994; 76 (2): 663-70
    • (1994) J Appl Physiol , vol.76 , Issue.2 , pp. 663-70
    • Hickson, R.C.1    Hidaka, K.2    Foster, C.3
  • 58
    • 0022609927 scopus 로고
    • Training of muscle strength and power: Inter-action of neuromotoric, hypertrophic, and mechanical factors
    • Komi P. Training of muscle strength and power: inter-action of neuromotoric, hypertrophic, and mechanical factors. Int J Sports Med 1986; 7 (1 Suppl.): 10-5
    • (1986) Int J Sports Med , vol.7 , Issue.1 SUPPL. , pp. 10-5
    • Komi, P.1
  • 59
    • 0033988253 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Time course for strength and muscle thickness changes following upper and lower body resistance training in men and women
    • Abe T, DeHoyos D, Pollock ML, et al. Time course for strength and muscle thickness changes following upper and lower body resistance training in men and women. Eur J Appl Physiol 2000; 81 (3): 174-80
    • (2000) Eur J Appl Physiol , vol.81 , Issue.3 , pp. 174-80
    • Abe, T.1    Dehoyos, D.2    Pollock, M.L.3
  • 60
    • 0022550536 scopus 로고
    • Androgens regulate the dendritic length of mammalian motoneurons in adulthood
    • Kurz EM, Sengelaub DR, Arnold AP. Androgens regulate the dendritic length of mammalian motoneurons in adulthood. Science 1986; 232 (4748): 395-8
    • (1986) Science , vol.232 , Issue.4748 , pp. 395-8
    • Kurz, E.M.1    Sengelaub, D.R.2    Arnold, A.P.3
  • 61
    • 0346786559 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Testosterone manipulation protects motoneurons from dendritic atrophy after contralateral motoneuron depletion
    • Fargo KN, Sengelaub DR. Testosterone manipulation protects motoneurons from dendritic atrophy after con-tralateral motoneuron depletion. J Comp Neurol 2004; 469 (1): 96-106
    • (2004) J Comp Neurol , vol.469 , Issue.1 , pp. 96-106
    • Fargo, K.N.1    Sengelaub, D.R.2
  • 62
    • 0024261075 scopus 로고
    • Androgen regulates synaptic input to motoneurons of the adult rat spinal cord
    • Matsumoto A, Micevych PE, Arnold AP. Androgen regulates synaptic input to motoneurons of the adult rat spinal cord. J Neurosci 1988; 8 (11): 4168-76
    • (1988) J Neurosci , vol.8 , Issue.11 , pp. 4168-76
    • Matsumoto, A.1    Micevych, P.E.2    Arnold, A.P.3
  • 63
    • 0019776980 scopus 로고
    • Sexually dimorphic motor nucleus in the rat lumbar spinal cord: Response to adult hormone manipulation, absence in androgen-insensitive rats
    • Breedlove SM, Arnold AP. Sexually dimorphic motor nu-cleus in the rat lumbar spinal cord: response to adult hormone manipulation, absence in androgen-insensitive rats. Brain Res 1981; 225 (2): 297-307
    • (1981) Brain Res , vol.225 , Issue.2 , pp. 297-307
    • Breedlove, S.M.1    Arnold, A.P.2
  • 64
    • 2342656508 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increase in motoneurons in the spinal nucleus of the bulbocavernosus of prepubertally castrated male Mongolian gerbils following delayed treatment with testosterone
    • Siegford JM, Ulibarri C. Increase in motoneurons in the spinal nucleus of the bulbocavernosus of prepubertally castrated male Mongolian gerbils following delayed treatment with testosterone. J Comp Neurol 2004; 473 (4): 485-95
    • (2004) J Comp Neurol , vol.473 , Issue.4 , pp. 485-95
    • Siegford, J.M.1    Ulibarri, C.2
  • 65
    • 0021284598 scopus 로고
    • Influence of hydrocortisone, progesterone and testosterone on dendritic growth in vitro
    • Manolides LS, Baloyannis SJ. Influence of hydrocortisone, progesterone and testosterone on dendritic growth in vitro. Acta Otolaryngol 1984; 97 (5-6): 509-22
    • (1984) Acta Otolaryngol , vol.97 , Issue.5-6 , pp. 509-22
    • Manolides, L.S.1    Baloyannis, S.J.2
  • 66
    • 0025485399 scopus 로고
    • Hippocampal dam-age associated with prolonged glucocorticoid exposure in primates
    • Sapolsky RM, Uno H, Rebert CS, et al. Hippocampal dam-age associated with prolonged glucocorticoid exposure in primates. J Neurosci 1990; 10 (9): 2897-902
    • (1990) J Neurosci , vol.10 , Issue.9 , pp. 2897-902
    • Sapolsky, R.M.1    Uno, H.2    Rebert, C.S.3
  • 67
    • 0026522689 scopus 로고
    • Gluco-corticoid increases acetylcholinesterase and organization of the postsynaptic membrane in innervated cultured human muscle
    • Askanas V, McFerrin J, Park-Matsumoto YC, et al. Gluco-corticoid increases acetylcholinesterase and organization of the postsynaptic membrane in innervated cultured human muscle. Exp Neurol 1992; 115 (3): 368-75
    • (1992) Exp Neurol , vol.115 , Issue.3 , pp. 368-75
    • Askanas, V.1    McFerrin, J.2    Park-Matsumoto, Y.C.3
  • 68
    • 0036793098 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The roles of androgen receptors and androgen-binding proteins in nongenomic androgen actions
    • Heinlein CA, Chang C. The roles of androgen receptors and androgen-binding proteins in nongenomic androgen actions. Mol Endocrinol 2002; 16 (10): 2181-7
    • (2002) Mol Endocrinol , vol.16 , Issue.10 , pp. 2181-7
    • Heinlein, C.A.1    Chang, C.2
  • 69
    • 0037135717 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A rapid, nongenomic action of glucocorticoids in rat B103 neuroblastoma cells
    • Han JZ, Lin W, Lou SJ, et al. A rapid, nongenomic action of glucocorticoids in rat B103 neuroblastoma cells. Bio-chim Biophys Acta 2002; 1591 (1-3): 21-7
    • (2002) Bio-chim Biophys Acta , vol.1591 , Issue.1-3 , pp. 21-7
    • Han, J.Z.1    Lin, W.2    Lou, S.J.3
  • 70
    • 13444292476 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of ATP-induced calcium influx in HT4 cells by glucocorticoids: Involvement of protein kinase A
    • Han JZ, Lin W, Chen YZ. Inhibition of ATP-induced calcium influx in HT4 cells by glucocorticoids: involvement of protein kinase A. Acta Pharm Sinic 2005; 26 (2): 199-204
    • (2005) Acta Pharm Sinic , vol.26 , Issue.2 , pp. 199-204
    • Han, J.Z.1    Lin, W.2    Chen, Y.Z.3
  • 71
    • 0031817490 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Calcium influx inhibition by steroids and analogs in C2C12 skeletal muscle cells
    • Passaquin AC, Lhote P, Ruegg UT. Calcium influx in-hibition by steroids and analogs in C2C12 skeletal muscle cells. Brit J Pharmacol 1998; 124 (8): 1751-9
    • (1998) Brit J Pharmacol , vol.124 , Issue.8 , pp. 1751-9
    • Passaquin, A.C.1    Lhote, P.2    Ruegg, U.T.3
  • 72
    • 26044459679 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Possible link of different slow calcium signals generated by membrane potential and hormones to differential gene expression in cultured muscle cells
    • Jaimovich E, Espinosa A. Possible link of different slow calcium signals generated by membrane potential and hormones to differential gene expression in cultured muscle cells. Biol Res 2004; 37 (4): 625-33
    • (2004) Biol Res , vol.37 , Issue.4 , pp. 625-33
    • Jaimovich, E.1    Espinosa, A.2
  • 73
    • 0033854046 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aldosterone-and testosterone-mediated intracellular calcium response in skeletal muscle cell cultures
    • Estrada M, Liberona JL, Miranda M, et al. Aldosterone-and testosterone-mediated intracellular calcium response in skeletal muscle cell cultures. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2000; 279 (1): E132-9
    • (2000) Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab , vol.279 , Issue.1
    • Estrada, M.1    Liberona, J.L.2    Miranda, M.3
  • 74
    • 0042315340 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Testosterone stimulates intracellular calcium release and mitogen-activated protein kinases via a G protein-coupled receptor in skeletal muscle cells
    • Estrada M, Espinosa A, Muller M, et al. Testosterone stimulates intracellular calcium release and mitogen-activated protein kinases via a G protein-coupled receptor in skeletal muscle cells. Endocrinology 2003; 144 (8): 3586-97
    • (2003) Endocrinology , vol.144 , Issue.8 , pp. 3586-97
    • Estrada, M.1    Espinosa, A.2    Muller, M.3
  • 75
    • 0034807590 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rapid action of glucocorticoids on branchial ATPase activity in Oreochromis mossambicus: An in vivo and in vitro study
    • Sunny F, Oommen OV. Rapid action of glucocorticoids on branchial ATPase activity in Oreochromis mossambicus: an in vivo and in vitro study. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2001; 130 (3): 323-30
    • (2001) Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol , vol.130 , Issue.3 , pp. 323-30
    • Sunny, F.1    Oommen, O.V.2
  • 76
    • 0035180868 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Testosterone-induced relaxation of rat aorta is androgen structure specific and involves K+ channel activation
    • Ding AQ, Stallone JN. Testosterone-induced relaxation of rat aorta is androgen structure specific and involves K+ channel activation. J Appl Physiol 2001; 91 (6): 2742-50
    • (2001) J Appl Physiol , vol.91 , Issue.6 , pp. 2742-50
    • Ding, A.Q.1    Stallone, J.N.2
  • 77
    • 25444510359 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nontranscrip-tional regulation of cardiac repolarization currents by testosterone
    • Bai CX, Kurokawa J, Tamagawa M, et al. Nontranscrip-tional regulation of cardiac repolarization currents by testosterone. Circulation 2005; 112 (12): 1701-10
    • (2005) Circulation , vol.112 , Issue.12 , pp. 1701-10
    • Bai, C.X.1    Kurokawa, J.2    Tamagawa, M.3
  • 78
    • 24944500376 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Androgens activate mitogen-activated protein kinase signalling: Role in neuroprotec-tion
    • Nguyen TV, Yao M, Pike CJ. Androgens activate mitogen-activated protein kinase signalling: role in neuroprotec-tion. J Neurochem 2005; 94 (6): 1639-51
    • (2005) J Neurochem , vol.94 , Issue.6 , pp. 1639-51
    • Nguyen, T.V.1    Yao, M.2    Pike, C.J.3
  • 79
    • 62649155713 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Androgen rapidly increases dendritic thorns of CA3 neurons in male rat hippocampus
    • Hatanaka Y, Mukai H, Mitsuhashi K, et al. Androgen rapidly increases dendritic thorns of CA3 neurons in male rat hippocampus. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2009; 381 (4): 728-32
    • (2009) Biochem Biophys Res Commun , vol.381 , Issue.4 , pp. 728-32
    • Hatanaka, Y.1    Mukai, H.2    Mitsuhashi, K.3
  • 80
    • 0027481894 scopus 로고
    • A re-evaluation of the effects of gonadal steroids on neuronal activity in the male rat
    • Jansen HT, Popiela CL, Jackson GL, et al. A re-evaluation of the effects of gonadal steroids on neuronal activity in the male rat. Brain Res Bull 1993; 31 (1-2): 217-23
    • (1993) Brain Res Bull , vol.31 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 217-23
    • Jansen, H.T.1    Popiela, C.L.2    Jackson, G.L.3
  • 81
    • 0037074905 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sex differences in hippocampal slice excitability: Role of testosterone
    • Smith MD, Jones LS, Wilson MA. Sex differences in hippocampal slice excitability: role of testosterone. Neuroscience 2002; 109 (3): 517-30
    • (2002) Neuroscience , vol.109 , Issue.3 , pp. 517-30
    • Smith, M.D.1    Jones, L.S.2    Wilson, M.A.3
  • 82
    • 0025966327 scopus 로고
    • An electro-physiological study on the membrane receptor-mediated action of glucocorticoids in mammalian neurons
    • Chen YZ, Hua SY, Wang CA, et al. An electro-physiological study on the membrane receptor-mediated action of glucocorticoids in mammalian neurons. Neuro-endocrinol 1991; 53 (1 Suppl.): 25S-30S
    • (1991) Neuro-endocrinol , vol.53 , Issue.1 SUPPL.
    • Chen, Y.Z.1    Hua, S.Y.2    Wang, C.A.3
  • 83
    • 0023742734 scopus 로고
    • Inhibition by cortisol of neurons in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus in adre-nalectomized rats: An in vitro study
    • Kasai M, Yamashita H. Inhibition by cortisol of neurons in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus in adre-nalectomized rats: an in vitro study. Neurosci Lett 1988; 91 (1): 59-64
    • (1988) Neurosci Lett , vol.91 , Issue.1 , pp. 59-64
    • Kasai, M.1    Yamashita, H.2
  • 84
    • 0036731739 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rapid neuromodulation by cor-tisol in the rat paraventricular nucleus: An in vitro study
    • Zaki A, Barrett-Jolley R. Rapid neuromodulation by cor-tisol in the rat paraventricular nucleus: an in vitro study. Brit J Pharmacol 2002; 137 (1): 87-97
    • (2002) Brit J Pharmacol , vol.137 , Issue.1 , pp. 87-97
    • Zaki, A.1    Barrett-Jolley, R.2
  • 85
    • 0036118310 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Testosterone rapidly affects the expression of copulatory behavior in house mice (Mus musculus)
    • James PJ, Nyby JG. Testosterone rapidly affects the expression of copulatory behavior in house mice (Mus musculus). Physiol Behav 2002; 75 (3): 287-94
    • (2002) Physiol Behav , vol.75 , Issue.3 , pp. 287-94
    • James, P.J.1    Nyby, J.G.2
  • 86
    • 0036939169 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Testosterone rap-idly reduces anxiety in male house mice (Mus musculus)
    • Aikey JL, Nyby JG, Anmuth DM, et al. Testosterone rap-idly reduces anxiety in male house mice (Mus musculus). Horm Behav 2002; 42 (4): 448-60
    • (2002) Horm Behav , vol.42 , Issue.4 , pp. 448-60
    • Aikey, J.L.1    Nyby, J.G.2    Anmuth, D.M.3
  • 87
    • 0033064830 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cortisol facilitates induction of sexual behavior in the female musk shrew (Suncus murinus)
    • Schiml PA, Rissman EF. Cortisol facilitates induction of sexual behavior in the female musk shrew (Suncus murinus). Behav Neurosci 1999; 113 (1): 166-75
    • (1999) Behav Neurosci , vol.113 , Issue.1 , pp. 166-75
    • Schiml, P.A.1    Rissman, E.F.2
  • 88
    • 33747044629 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • From social behavior to neural circuitry: Steroid hormones rapidly modulate advertisement calling via a vocal pattern generator
    • Remage-Healey L, Bass AH. From social behavior to neural circuitry: steroid hormones rapidly modulate advertisement calling via a vocal pattern generator. Horm Behav 2006; 50 (3): 432-41
    • (2006) Horm Behav , vol.50 , Issue.3 , pp. 432-41
    • Remage-Healey, L.1    Bass, A.H.2
  • 89
    • 2942541820 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of androgenic-anabolic steroids in athletes
    • Hartgens F, Kuipers H. Effects of androgenic-anabolic steroids in athletes. Sports Med 2004; 34 (8): 513-54
    • (2004) Sports Med , vol.34 , Issue.8 , pp. 513-54
    • Hartgens, F.1    Kuipers, H.2
  • 90
    • 0035909473 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activational effects of testosterone on cognitive function in men
    • O'Connor DB, Archer J, Hair WM, et al. Activational effects of testosterone on cognitive function in men. Neuropsychobiologia 2001; 39 (13): 1385-94
    • (2001) Neuropsychobiologia , vol.39 , Issue.13 , pp. 1385-94
    • O'Connor, D.B.1    Archer, J.2    Hair, W.M.3
  • 91
    • 1642284356 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A single admin-istration of testosterone improves visuospatial ability in young women
    • Aleman A, Bronk E, Kessels RPC, et al. A single admin-istration of testosterone improves visuospatial ability in young women. Psychoneuroendocrino 2004; 29 (5): 612-7
    • (2004) Psychoneuroendocrino , vol.29 , Issue.5 , pp. 612-7
    • Aleman, A.1    Bronk, E.2    Rpc, K.3
  • 92
    • 0037561443 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of a single dose of cortisol on the neural correlates of episodic memory and error processing in healthy volunteers
    • Hsu FC, Garside MJ, Massey AE, et al. Effects of a single dose of cortisol on the neural correlates of episodic memory and error processing in healthy volunteers. Psy-chopharmacology 2003; 167 (4): 431-42
    • (2003) Psy-chopharmacology , vol.167 , Issue.4 , pp. 431-42
    • Hsu, F.C.1    Garside, M.J.2    Massey, A.E.3
  • 93
    • 3042637923 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Autobiographic memory impairment following acute cortisol administration
    • Buss C, Wolf OT, Witt J, et al. Autobiographic memory impairment following acute cortisol administration. Psy-choneuroendocrino 2004; 29 (8): 1093-6
    • (2004) Psy-choneuroendocrino , vol.29 , Issue.8 , pp. 1093-6
    • Buss, C.1    Wolf, O.T.2    Witt, J.3
  • 94
    • 33646080345 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A single adminis-tration of testosterone reduces fear-potentiated startle in humans
    • Hermans EJ, Putman P, Baas JM, et al. A single adminis-tration of testosterone reduces fear-potentiated startle in humans. Biol Psychiat 2006; 59 (9): 872-4
    • (2006) Biol Psychiat , vol.59 , Issue.9 , pp. 872-4
    • Hermans, E.J.1    Putman, P.2    Baas, J.M.3
  • 95
    • 77449115815 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exogenous cor-tisol acutely influences motivated decision making in healthy young men
    • Putman P, Antypa N, Crysovergi P, et al. Exogenous cor-tisol acutely influences motivated decision making in healthy young men. Psychopharmacology 2010; 208 (2): 257-63
    • (2010) Psychopharmacology , vol.208 , Issue.2 , pp. 257-63
    • Putman, P.1    Antypa, N.2    Crysovergi, P.3
  • 96
    • 23444432727 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Testosterone reduces unconscious fear but not consciously experienced anxiety: Implications for the disorders of fear and anxiety
    • Van Honk J, Peper JS, Schutter DJ. Testosterone reduces unconscious fear but not consciously experienced anxiety: implications for the disorders of fear and anxiety. Biol Psychiat 2005; 58 (3): 218-25
    • (2005) Biol Psychiat , vol.58 , Issue.3 , pp. 218-25
    • Van Honk, J.1    Peper, J.S.2    Schutter, D.J.3
  • 97
    • 71549136444 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of testosterone on cognition in young adult male rhesus monkeys
    • Lacreuse A, Chiavetta MR, Shirai AC, et al. Effects of testosterone on cognition in young adult male rhesus monkeys. Physiol Behav 2009; 98 (5): 524-31
    • (2009) Physiol Behav , vol.98 , Issue.5 , pp. 524-31
    • Lacreuse, A.1    Chiavetta, M.R.2    Shirai, A.C.3
  • 98
    • 0034667640 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stress-level cortisol treatment impairs inhibitory control of behavior in monkeys
    • Lyons DM, Lopez JM, Yang C, et al. Stress-level cortisol treatment impairs inhibitory control of behavior in monkeys. J Neurosci 2000; 20 (20): 7816-21
    • (2000) J Neurosci , vol.20 , Issue.20 , pp. 7816-21
    • Lyons, D.M.1    Lopez, J.M.2    Yang, C.3
  • 99
    • 51149101443 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cortisol inhibits neuroplasticity induction inhuman motor cortex
    • Sale MV, Ridding MC, Nordstorm MA. Cortisol inhibits neuroplasticity induction inhuman motor cortex. J Neurosci 2008; 28 (33): 8285-93
    • (2008) J Neurosci , vol.28 , Issue.33 , pp. 8285-93
    • Sale, M.V.1    Ridding, M.C.2    Nordstorm, M.A.3
  • 100
    • 2442505413 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of gonadal steroids on the input-output relationship of the corticospinal pathway in humans
    • Bonifazi M, Ginanneschi F, della Volpe R, et al. Effects of gonadal steroids on the input-output relationship of the corticospinal pathway in humans. Brain Res 2004; 1011 (2): 187-94
    • (2004) Brain Res , vol.1011 , Issue.2 , pp. 187-94
    • Bonifazi, M.1    Ginanneschi, F.2    Della Volpe, R.3
  • 101
    • 58149473079 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Delivery of testosterone to the brain by intranasal administration: Comparison to intravenous testosterone
    • Banks WA, Morley JE, Niehoff ML, et al. Delivery of testosterone to the brain by intranasal administration: comparison to intravenous testosterone. J Drug Target 2009; 17 (2): 91-7
    • (2009) J Drug Target , vol.17 , Issue.2 , pp. 91-7
    • Banks, W.A.1    Morley, J.E.2    Niehoff, M.L.3
  • 102
    • 38549173717 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Presence of corticotrophin-releasing factor and/or tyrosine hydroxylase in cells of a neural braintesticular pathway that are labelled by a transganglionic tracer
    • James P, Rivier C, Lee S. Presence of corticotrophin-releasing factor and/or tyrosine hydroxylase in cells of a neural braintesticular pathway that are labelled by a transganglionic tracer. J Neuroendocrinol 2008; 20 (2): 173-81
    • (2008) J Neuroendocrinol , vol.20 , Issue.2 , pp. 173-81
    • James, P.1    Rivier, C.2    Lee, S.3
  • 103
    • 0037322044 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Importance of the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus as a component of a neural pathway between the brain and the testes that modulates testosterone secretion independently of the pituitary
    • Selvage DJ, Rivier C. Importance of the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus as a component of a neural pathway between the brain and the testes that modulates testosterone secretion independently of the pituitary. Endocrinology 2003; 144 (2): 594-8
    • (2003) Endocrinology , vol.144 , Issue.2 , pp. 594-8
    • Selvage, D.J.1    Rivier, C.2
  • 104
    • 1642335502 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A hypothalamic-testicular neural pathway is influenced by brain catecho-lamines, but not testicular blood flow
    • Selvage DJ, Lee SY, Parsons LH, et al. A hypothalamic-testicular neural pathway is influenced by brain catecho-lamines, but not testicular blood flow. Endocrinology 2004; 145 (4): 1750-9
    • (2004) Endocrinology , vol.145 , Issue.4 , pp. 1750-9
    • Selvage, D.J.1    Lee, S.Y.2    Parsons, L.H.3
  • 105
    • 18844435645 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rapid non-genomic effect of glucocorticoid metabolites and neuro-steroids on the gamma-aminobutyric acid-A receptor
    • Stromberg J, Backstrom T, Lundgren P. Rapid non-genomic effect of glucocorticoid metabolites and neuro-steroids on the gamma-aminobutyric acid-A receptor. Eur J Neurosci 2005; 21 (8): 2083-8
    • (2005) Eur J Neurosci , vol.21 , Issue.8 , pp. 2083-8
    • Stromberg, J.1    Backstrom, T.2    Lundgren, P.3
  • 106
    • 0036846534 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuro-steroid quantification in human brain regions: Comparison between Alzheimer's and nondemented patients
    • Weill-Engerer S, David JP, Sazdovitch V, et al. Neuro-steroid quantification in human brain regions: comparison between Alzheimer's and nondemented patients. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2002; 87 (11): 5138-43
    • (2002) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.87 , Issue.11 , pp. 5138-43
    • Weill-Engerer, S.1    David, J.P.2    Sazdovitch, V.3
  • 107
    • 29344465142 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of neuroactive steroids and their precursors and metabolites in adult male rat brain
    • Ebner MJ, Corol DI, Havlkova H, et al. Identification of neuroactive steroids and their precursors and metabolites in adult male rat brain. Endocrinology 2006; 147 (1): 179-90
    • (2006) Endocrinology , vol.147 , Issue.1 , pp. 179-90
    • Ebner, M.J.1    Corol, D.I.2    Havlkova, H.3
  • 108
    • 34447301238 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Local pro-duction of sex hormones and their modulation of hippo-campal synaptic plasticity
    • Ishii H, Tsurugizawa T, Ogiue-Ikeda M, et al. Local pro-duction of sex hormones and their modulation of hippo-campal synaptic plasticity. Neuroscientist 2007; 13 (4): 323-34
    • (2007) Neuroscientist , vol.13 , Issue.4 , pp. 323-34
    • Ishii, H.1    Tsurugizawa, T.2    Ogiue-Ikeda, M.3
  • 109
    • 0033966045 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serotonergic responses to corticosterone and testosterone in the limbic system
    • Summers CH, Larson ET, Ronan PJ, et al. Serotonergic responses to corticosterone and testosterone in the limbic system. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2000; 117 (1): 151-9
    • (2000) Gen Comp Endocrinol , vol.117 , Issue.1 , pp. 151-9
    • Summers, C.H.1    Larson, E.T.2    Ronan, P.J.3
  • 110
    • 0033939421 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Calcium ion in skeletal muscle: Its crucial role for muscle function, plasticity, and disease
    • Berchtold MW, Brinkmeier H, Muntener M. Calcium ion in skeletal muscle: its crucial role for muscle function, plasticity, and disease. Physiol Rev 2000; 80 (3): 1215-65
    • (2000) Physiol Rev , vol.80 , Issue.3 , pp. 1215-65
    • Berchtold, M.W.1    Brinkmeier, H.2    Muntener, M.3
  • 111
    • 53849138760 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Testosterone and Ca2+ regulation in skeletal muscle
    • Anttila K, Manttari S, Jarvilehto M. Testosterone and Ca2+ regulation in skeletal muscle. Int J Sports Med 2008; 29 (10): 795-802
    • (2008) Int J Sports Med , vol.29 , Issue.10 , pp. 795-802
    • Anttila, K.1    Manttari, S.2    Jarvilehto, M.3
  • 112
    • 0029148695 scopus 로고
    • Hydrocortisone influences voltage-dependent L-type calcium channels in cultured human skeletal muscle
    • Braun S, Sarkozi E, McFerrin J, et al. Hydrocortisone influences voltage-dependent L-type calcium channels in cultured human skeletal muscle. J Neurosci Res 1995; 41 (6): 727-33
    • (1995) J Neurosci Res , vol.41 , Issue.6 , pp. 727-33
    • Braun, S.1    Sarkozi, E.2    McFerrin, J.3
  • 113
    • 0038070931 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • + pump regulation and skeletal muscle contractility
    • + pump regulation and skeletal muscle contractility. Physiol Rev 2003; 83 (4): 1269-323
    • (2003) Physiol Rev , vol.83 , Issue.4 , pp. 1269-323
    • Clausen, T.1
  • 114
    • 0018613423 scopus 로고
    • The effect of cortisol on the excit-ability of the rat muscle fibre membrane and neuromus-cular transmission
    • Dlouha H, Vyskocil F. The effect of cortisol on the excit-ability of the rat muscle fibre membrane and neuromus-cular transmission. Physiol Bohemoslov 1979; 28 (6): 485-94
    • (1979) Physiol Bohemoslov , vol.28 , Issue.6 , pp. 485-94
    • Dlouha, H.1    Vyskocil, F.2
  • 115
    • 0023760678 scopus 로고
    • Rapid effect of testosterone on striated muscle activity in rats
    • Sachs BD, Leipheimer RE. Rapid effect of testosterone on striated muscle activity in rats. Neuroendocrinol 1988; 48 (5): 453-8
    • (1988) Neuroendocrinol , vol.48 , Issue.5 , pp. 453-8
    • Sachs, B.D.1    Leipheimer, R.E.2
  • 116
    • 0035106272 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exogenous testosterone treatment decreases diaphragm neuromuscular transmission failure in male rats
    • Blanco CE, Zhan W, Fang Y, et al. Exogenous testosterone treatment decreases diaphragm neuromuscular transmission failure in male rats. J Appl Physiol 2001; 90 (3): 850-6
    • (2001) J Appl Physiol , vol.90 , Issue.3 , pp. 850-6
    • Blanco, C.E.1    Zhan, W.2    Fang, Y.3
  • 117
    • 0041487561 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The adrenal cortex
    • Larsen RP, Kronoberg HM, Melmed S, et al., editors 10th ed Philadelphia (PA): W.B. Saunders
    • Stewart PM. The adrenal cortex. In: Larsen RP, Kronoberg HM, Melmed S, et al., editors. Williams textbook of endocrinology. 10th ed. Philadelphia (PA): W.B. Saunders, 2002: 491-551
    • (2002) Williams Textbook of Endocrinology , pp. 491-551
    • Stewart, P.M.1
  • 119
    • 0034062981 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute suppression of muscle sympathetic nerve activity by hydrocortisone in humans
    • Dodt C, Keyser B, Molle M, et al. Acute suppression of muscle sympathetic nerve activity by hydrocortisone in humans. Hypertension 2000; 35 (3): 758-63
    • (2000) Hypertension , vol.35 , Issue.3 , pp. 758-63
    • Dodt, C.1    Keyser, B.2    Molle, M.3
  • 120
    • 0037961019 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of cortisol on muscle sympathetic nerve activity in Pima Indians and Caucasians
    • Vozarova B, Weyer C, Snitker S, et al. Effect of cortisol on muscle sympathetic nerve activity in Pima Indians and Caucasians. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2003; 88 (7): 3218-26
    • (2003) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.88 , Issue.7 , pp. 3218-26
    • Vozarova, B.1    Weyer, C.2    Snitker, S.3
  • 121
    • 0030515128 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rapid stimulatory effects of tes-tosterone upon myotubule metabolism and sugar transport, as assessed by silicon microphysiometry
    • Tsai LW, Sapolsky RM. Rapid stimulatory effects of tes-tosterone upon myotubule metabolism and sugar transport, as assessed by silicon microphysiometry. Aggressive Behav 1996; 22 (2): 357-64
    • (1996) Aggressive Behav , vol.22 , Issue.2 , pp. 357-64
    • Tsai, L.W.1    Sapolsky, R.M.2
  • 122
    • 0026621219 scopus 로고
    • The effects of testosterone on insulin sensitivity in male rats
    • Holmang A, Bjorntorp P. The effects of testosterone on insulin sensitivity in male rats. Acta Physiol Scand 1992; 146 (4): 505-10
    • (1992) Acta Physiol Scand , vol.146 , Issue.4 , pp. 505-10
    • Holmang, A.1    Bjorntorp, P.2
  • 123
    • 0026637840 scopus 로고
    • Effects of short-term testosterone exposure on insulin sensitivity of muscles in female rats
    • Holmang A, Larsson BM, Brzezinska Z, et al. Effects of short-term testosterone exposure on insulin sensitivity of muscles in female rats. Am J Physiol 1992; 262: E851-5
    • (1992) Am J Physiol , vol.262
    • Holmang, A.1    Larsson, B.M.2    Brzezinska, Z.3
  • 124
    • 27544447263 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • No effect of short-term testosterone manipulation on exercise substrate metabolism in men
    • Braun B, Gerson L, Hagobian T, et al. No effect of short-term testosterone manipulation on exercise substrate metabolism in men. J Appl Physiol 2005; 99 (5): 1930-7
    • (2005) J Appl Physiol , vol.99 , Issue.5 , pp. 1930-7
    • Braun, B.1    Gerson, L.2    Hagobian, T.3
  • 125
    • 0033048283 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of testosterone and oestradiol on region specificity of skeletal muscle-ATP, creatine phosphokinase and myokinase in male and female Wistar rats
    • Ramamani A, Aruldhas MM, Govindarajulu P. Impact of testosterone and oestradiol on region specificity of skeletal muscle-ATP, creatine phosphokinase and myokinase in male and female Wistar rats. Acta Physiol Scand 1999; 166 (2): 91-7
    • (1999) Acta Physiol Scand , vol.166 , Issue.2 , pp. 91-7
    • Ramamani, A.1    Aruldhas, M.M.2    Govindarajulu, P.3
  • 126
    • 0032851030 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differ-ential response of rat skeletal muscle glycogen metabolism to testosterone and estradiol
    • Ramamani A, Aruldhas MM, Govindarajulu P. Differ-ential response of rat skeletal muscle glycogen metabolism to testosterone and estradiol. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 1999; 77 (4): 300-4
    • (1999) Can J Physiol Pharmacol , vol.77 , Issue.4 , pp. 300-4
    • Ramamani, A.1    Aruldhas, M.M.2    Govindarajulu, P.3
  • 127
    • 0020571810 scopus 로고
    • Action of testoster-one on some biochemical parameters related to the energy metabolism of the skeletal muscle
    • Pastoris O, Dossena M, Fulle D, et al. Action of testoster-one on some biochemical parameters related to the energy metabolism of the skeletal muscle. Arch Int Pharmacodyn Ther 1983; 263 (1): 129-38
    • (1983) Arch Int Pharmacodyn Ther , vol.263 , Issue.1 , pp. 129-38
    • Pastoris, O.1    Dossena, M.2    Fulle, D.3
  • 128
    • 0027165535 scopus 로고
    • Modulation of glycogen metabolism of rat skeletal muscles by endurance training and testosterone treatment
    • Van Breda E, Keizer HA, Geurten P, et al. Modulation of glycogen metabolism of rat skeletal muscles by endurance training and testosterone treatment. Pflugers Arch 1993; 424 (3-4): 294-300
    • (1993) Pflugers Arch , vol.424 , Issue.3-4 , pp. 294-300
    • Van Breda, E.1    Keizer, H.A.2    Geurten, P.3
  • 129
    • 78751628014 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adaptability of the motor system: Acute adjustments: Chapter 8
    • 3rd ed Champaign (IL): Human Kinetics
    • Enoka RM. Adaptability of the motor system: acute adjustments: chapter 8. In: Neuromechanics of human movement. 3rd ed. Champaign (IL): Human Kinetics, 2002: 363-96
    • (2002) Neuromechanics of Human Movement , pp. 363-96
    • Enoka, R.M.1
  • 130
    • 59649103814 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute hormonal and neuromuscular responses to hypertrophy, strength and power type resistance exercise
    • McCaulley GO, McBride JM, Cormie P, et al. Acute hormonal and neuromuscular responses to hypertrophy, strength and power type resistance exercise. Eur J Appl Physiol 2009; 105 (5): 695-704
    • (2009) Eur J Appl Physiol , vol.105 , Issue.5 , pp. 695-704
    • McCaulley, G.O.1    McBride, J.M.2    Cormie, P.3
  • 131
    • 41649087400 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The salivary testos-terone and cortisol response to three loading schemes
    • Crewther B, Cronin J, Keogh J, et al. The salivary testos-terone and cortisol response to three loading schemes. J Strength Cond Res 2008; 22 (1): 250-5
    • (2008) J Strength Cond Res , vol.22 , Issue.1 , pp. 250-5
    • Crewther, B.1    Cronin, J.2    Keogh, J.3
  • 132
    • 0037389889 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hormonal responses after various resistance exercise protocols
    • Smilios I, Pilianidis T, Karamouzis M, et al. Hormonal responses after various resistance exercise protocols. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2003; 35 (4): 644-54
    • (2003) Med Sci Sports Exerc , vol.35 , Issue.4 , pp. 644-54
    • Smilios, I.1    Pilianidis, T.2    Karamouzis, M.3
  • 133
    • 0027499227 scopus 로고
    • Acute hormonal responses to two different fatiguing heavy-resistance protocols in male athletes
    • Hakkinen K, Pakarinen A. Acute hormonal responses to two different fatiguing heavy-resistance protocols in male athletes. J Appl Physiol 1993; 74 (2): 882-7
    • (1993) J Appl Physiol , vol.74 , Issue.2 , pp. 882-7
    • Hakkinen, K.1    Pakarinen, A.2
  • 134
    • 0025846938 scopus 로고
    • Endogenous anabolic hormonal and growth factor responses to heavy resistance exercise in males and females
    • Kraemer WJ, Gordon SE, Fleck SJ, et al. Endogenous anabolic hormonal and growth factor responses to heavy resistance exercise in males and females. Int J Sports Med 1991; 12 (2): 228-35
    • (1991) Int J Sports Med , vol.12 , Issue.2 , pp. 228-35
    • Kraemer, W.J.1    Gordon, S.E.2    Fleck, S.J.3
  • 135
    • 24944561620 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute hormonal responses to submaximal and maximal heavy resistance and explosive exercises in men and women
    • Linnamo V, Pakarinen A, Komi PV, et al. Acute hormonal responses to submaximal and maximal heavy resistance and explosive exercises in men and women. J Strength Cond Res 2005; 19 (3): 566-71
    • (2005) J Strength Cond Res , vol.19 , Issue.3 , pp. 566-71
    • Linnamo, V.1    Pakarinen, A.2    Komi, P.V.3
  • 136
    • 27744541035 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Possible stimuli for strength and power adaptation: Acute mechanical responses
    • Crewther B, Cronin J, Keogh J. Possible stimuli for strength and power adaptation: acute mechanical responses. Sports Med 2005; 35 (11): 967-89
    • (2005) Sports Med , vol.35 , Issue.11 , pp. 967-89
    • Crewther, B.1    Cronin, J.2    Keogh, J.3
  • 137
    • 61949352646 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The contribution of volume, technique, and load to single-repetition and total-repetition kinematics and kinetics in response to three loading schemes
    • Crewther BT, Cronin J, Keogh JWL. The contribution of volume, technique, and load to single-repetition and total-repetition kinematics and kinetics in response to three loading schemes. J Strength Cond Res 2008; 22 (6): 1908-15
    • (2008) J Strength Cond Res , vol.22 , Issue.6 , pp. 1908-15
    • Crewther, B.T.1    Cronin, J.2    Jwl, K.3
  • 138
    • 0033460531 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A cross-sectional comparison of different resistance training techniques in the bench press
    • Keogh J, Wilson G, Weatherby R. A cross-sectional com-parison of different resistance training techniques in the bench press. J Strength Cond Res 1999; 13 (3): 247-58
    • (1999) J Strength Cond Res , vol.13 , Issue.3 , pp. 247-58
    • Keogh, J.1    Wilson, G.2    Weatherby, R.3
  • 139
    • 79953868418 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of short cycle sprints on power, strength and salivary hormones in elite rugby players
    • Epub Jan 21
    • Crewther BT, Cook CJ, Lowe TE, et al. The effects of short cycle sprints on power, strength and salivary hormones in elite rugby players. J Strength Cond Res. Epub 2010 Jan 21
    • (2010) J Strength Cond Res
    • Crewther, B.T.1    Cook, C.J.2    Lowe, T.E.3
  • 140
    • 3042930028 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Concentra-tions of cortisol, testosterone and lactate, and power output in repeated, supramaximal exercise in elite fencers
    • Obminski Z, Borkowski L, Ladyga M, et al. Concentra-tions of cortisol, testosterone and lactate, and power output in repeated, supramaximal exercise in elite fencers. Biol Sport 1998; 15 (1): 19-24
    • (1998) Biol Sport , vol.15 , Issue.1 , pp. 19-24
    • Obminski, Z.1    Borkowski, L.2    Ladyga, M.3
  • 141
    • 63049126039 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prior sprint cycling did not enhance training adaptation, but resting salivary hormones were related to workout power and strength
    • Crewther BT, Lowe T, Weatherby RP, et al. Prior sprint cycling did not enhance training adaptation, but resting salivary hormones were related to workout power and strength. Eur J Appl Physiol 2009; 105 (6): 919-27
    • (2009) Eur J Appl Physiol , vol.105 , Issue.6 , pp. 919-27
    • Crewther, B.T.1    Lowe, T.2    Weatherby, R.P.3
  • 142
    • 0035751443 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of short-term strength training on human skeletal muscle: The importance of physiologically elevated hormone levels
    • Hansen S, Kvorning T, Kjaer M, et al. The effect of short-term strength training on human skeletal muscle: the importance of physiologically elevated hormone levels. Scand J Med Sci Sport 2001; 11 (6): 347-54
    • (2001) Scand J Med Sci Sport , vol.11 , Issue.6 , pp. 347-54
    • Hansen, S.1    Kvorning, T.2    Kjaer, M.3
  • 143
    • 0002532260 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Testosterone and cortisol levels in blood of male sprinters, soccer players and cross-country skiers
    • Bosco C, Viru A. Testosterone and cortisol levels in blood of male sprinters, soccer players and cross-country skiers. Biol Sport 1998; 15 (1): 3-8
    • (1998) Biol Sport , vol.15 , Issue.1 , pp. 3-8
    • Bosco, C.1    Viru, A.2
  • 144
    • 33645453565 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is testosterone influencing explosive performance?
    • Cardinale M, Stone MH. Is testosterone influencing explosive performance? J Strength Cond Res 2006; 20 (1): 103-7
    • (2006) J Strength Cond Res , vol.20 , Issue.1 , pp. 103-7
    • Cardinale, M.1    Stone, M.H.2
  • 145
    • 78751630466 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of testosterone, progesterone and oestradiol concentrations between sprint runners, endurance runners and untrained males
    • Bambaeichi E, Rahnama N. Comparison of testosterone, progesterone and oestradiol concentrations between sprint runners, endurance runners and untrained males. J Sports Sci 2005; 23 (2): 187-8
    • (2005) J Sports Sci , vol.23 , Issue.2 , pp. 187-8
    • Bambaeichi, E.1    Rahnama, N.2
  • 146
    • 34948853237 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of a multi-nutrient supplement on exercise performance and hormonal responses to resistance exercise
    • Kraemer WJ, Hatfield DL, Spiering BA, et al. Effects of a multi-nutrient supplement on exercise performance and hormonal responses to resistance exercise. Eur J Appl Physiol 2007; 101 (5): 637-46
    • (2007) Eur J Appl Physiol , vol.101 , Issue.5 , pp. 637-46
    • Kraemer, W.J.1    Hatfield, D.L.2    Spiering, B.A.3
  • 147
    • 33745463280 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Independent and combined effects of liquid carbohydrate/essential amino acid ingestion on hormonal and muscular adaptations following resistance training in untrained men
    • Bird SP, Tarpenning KM, Marino FE. Independent and combined effects of liquid carbohydrate/essential amino acid ingestion on hormonal and muscular adaptations following resistance training in untrained men. Eur J Appl Physiol 2006; 97 (2): 225-38
    • (2006) Eur J Appl Physiol , vol.97 , Issue.2 , pp. 225-38
    • Bird, S.P.1    Tarpenning, K.M.2    Marino, F.E.3
  • 148
    • 0035706293 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influ-ence of weight training exercise and modification of hormonal response on skeletal muscle growth
    • Tarpenning KM, Wiswell RA, Hawkins SA, et al. Influ-ence of weight training exercise and modification of hormonal response on skeletal muscle growth. J Sci Med Sport 2001; 4 (4): 431-46
    • (2001) J Sci Med Sport , vol.4 , Issue.4 , pp. 431-46
    • Tarpenning, K.M.1    Wiswell, R.A.2    Hawkins, S.A.3
  • 149
    • 67650046943 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of amino acids supplement on physiological adaptations to resistance training
    • Kraemer WJ, Hatfield DL, Volek JS, et al. Effects of amino acids supplement on physiological adaptations to resistance training. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2009; 41 (5): 1111-21
    • (2009) Med Sci Sports Exerc , vol.41 , Issue.5 , pp. 1111-21
    • Kraemer, W.J.1    Hatfield, D.L.2    Volek, J.S.3
  • 150
    • 32544447064 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of amino acid supplementation on hormonal responses to resistance training overreaching
    • Kraemer WJ, Ratamess NA, Volek JS, et al. The effects of amino acid supplementation on hormonal responses to resistance training overreaching. Metabolism 2006; 55 (3): 282-91
    • (2006) Metabolism , vol.55 , Issue.3 , pp. 282-91
    • Kraemer, W.J.1    Ratamess, N.A.2    Volek, J.S.3
  • 151
    • 28044443404 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protein ingestion prior to strength exercise affects blood hormones and metabolism
    • Hulmi JJ, Volek JS, Selanne H, et al. Protein ingestion prior to strength exercise affects blood hormones and metabolism. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2005; 37 (11): 1990-7
    • (2005) Med Sci Sports Exerc , vol.37 , Issue.11 , pp. 1990-7
    • Hulmi, J.J.1    Volek, J.S.2    Selanne, H.3
  • 152
    • 0031689237 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hormonal responses to consecutive days of heavy-resistance exercise with or without nutritional supplementation
    • Kraemer W, Volek J, Bush J, et al. Hormonal responses to consecutive days of heavy-resistance exercise with or without nutritional supplementation. J Appl Physiol 1998; 85 (4): 1544-55
    • (1998) J Appl Physiol , vol.85 , Issue.4 , pp. 1544-55
    • Kraemer, W.1    Volek, J.2    Bush, J.3
  • 153
    • 1642287801 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of li-quid carbohydrate ingestion on markers of anabolism following high-intensity resistance exercise
    • Thyfault JP, Carper MJ, Richmond S, et al. Effects of li-quid carbohydrate ingestion on markers of anabolism following high-intensity resistance exercise. J Strength Cond Res 2004; 18 (1): 174-9
    • (2004) J Strength Cond Res , vol.18 , Issue.1 , pp. 174-9
    • Thyfault, J.P.1    Carper, M.J.2    Richmond, S.3
  • 154
    • 37549037835 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of an amino acid/creatine energy supplement on the acute hormonal response to resistance exercise
    • Ratamess NA, Hoffman JR, Ross R, et al. Effects of an amino acid/creatine energy supplement on the acute hormonal response to resistance exercise. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab 2007; 17 (6): 608-23
    • (2007) Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab , vol.17 , Issue.6 , pp. 608-23
    • Ratamess, N.A.1    Hoffman, J.R.2    Ross, R.3
  • 155
    • 48849096198 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of a pre-exercise energy supplement on the acute hormonal response to resistance exercise
    • Hoffman JR, Ratamess NA, Ross R, et al. Effect of a pre-exercise energy supplement on the acute hormonal response to resistance exercise. J Strength Cond Res 2008; 22 (3): 874-82
    • (2008) J Strength Cond Res , vol.22 , Issue.3 , pp. 874-82
    • Hoffman, J.R.1    Ratamess, N.A.2    Ross, R.3
  • 156
    • 0036481362 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of re-sistance exercise volume and nutritional supplementation on anabolic and catabolic hormones
    • Williams AG, Ismail AN, Sharma A, et al. Effects of re-sistance exercise volume and nutritional supplementation on anabolic and catabolic hormones. Eur J Appl Physiol 2002; 86 (4): 315-21
    • (2002) Eur J Appl Physiol , vol.86 , Issue.4 , pp. 315-21
    • Williams, A.G.1    Ismail, A.N.2    Sharma, A.3
  • 157
    • 34250826567 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of a carbohy-drate and protein supplement on resistance exercise performance, hormonal response, and muscle damage
    • Baty JJ, Hwang H, Ding Z, et al. The effect of a carbohy-drate and protein supplement on resistance exercise performance, hormonal response, and muscle damage. J Strength Cond Res 2007; 21 (2): 321-9
    • (2007) J Strength Cond Res , vol.21 , Issue.2 , pp. 321-9
    • Baty, J.J.1    Hwang, H.2    Ding, Z.3
  • 158
    • 0027666051 scopus 로고
    • Endocrine and performance responses to high volume training and ami-no acid supplementation in elite junior weightlifters
    • Fry AC, Kraemer WJ, Stone MH, et al. Endocrine and performance responses to high volume training and ami-no acid supplementation in elite junior weightlifters. Int J Sport Nutr 1993; 3 (3): 306-22
    • (1993) Int J Sport Nutr , vol.3 , Issue.3 , pp. 306-22
    • Fry, A.C.1    Kraemer, W.J.2    Stone, M.H.3
  • 159
    • 0345109244 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of heavy-resistance training on hormonal response patterns in younger vs. older men
    • Kraemer WJ, Hakkinen K, Newton RU, et al. Effects of heavy-resistance training on hormonal response patterns in younger vs. older men. J Appl Physiol 1999; 87 (3): 982-92
    • (1999) J Appl Physiol , vol.87 , Issue.3 , pp. 982-92
    • Kraemer, W.J.1    Hakkinen, K.2    Newton, R.U.3
  • 160
    • 13144257791 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of short-term resistance training on endocrine function in men and women
    • Kraemer WJ, Staron R, Hagerman F, et al. The effects of short-term resistance training on endocrine function in men and women. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol 1998; 78 (1): 69-76
    • (1998) Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol , vol.78 , Issue.1 , pp. 69-76
    • Kraemer, W.J.1    Staron, R.2    Hagerman, F.3
  • 161
    • 70350286229 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cytokine and hormone responses to resistance training
    • Izquierdo M, Ibanez J, Calbert JA, et al. Cytokine and hormone responses to resistance training. Eur J Appl Physiol 2009; 107 (4): 397-409
    • (2009) Eur J Appl Physiol , vol.107 , Issue.4 , pp. 397-409
    • Izquierdo, M.1    Ibanez, J.2    Calbert, J.A.3
  • 162
    • 0026607388 scopus 로고
    • Acute hormonal responses in elite junior weightlifters
    • Kraemer WJ, Fry AC, Warren BJ, et al. Acute hormonal responses in elite junior weightlifters. Int J Sports Med 1992; 13 (2): 103-9
    • (1992) Int J Sports Med , vol.13 , Issue.2 , pp. 103-9
    • Kraemer, W.J.1    Fry, A.C.2    Warren, B.J.3
  • 163
    • 0033971138 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monitoring strength training: Neuromuscular and hormonal profile
    • Bosco C, Colli R, Bonomi R, et al. Monitoring strength training: neuromuscular and hormonal profile. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2000; 32 (1): 202-8
    • (2000) Med Sci Sports Exerc , vol.32 , Issue.1 , pp. 202-8
    • Bosco, C.1    Colli, R.2    Bonomi, R.3
  • 164
    • 0035199401 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The influence of exercise on the functioning of the pituitary-gonadal axis in physically active older and younger men
    • Sowinska-Lisowska M, Witkowski K. The influence of exercise on the functioning of the pituitary-gonadal axis in physically active older and younger men. Aging Male 2001; 4 (3): 145-50
    • (2001) Aging Male , vol.4 , Issue.3 , pp. 145-50
    • Sowinska-Lisowska M, W.1
  • 165
    • 0029970589 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hormonal responses in strenuous jumping effort
    • Bosco C, Tihanyi J, Rivalta L, et al. Hormonal responses in strenuous jumping effort. Jap J Physiol 1996; 46 (1): 93-8
    • (1996) Jap J Physiol , vol.46 , Issue.1 , pp. 93-8
    • Bosco, C.1    Tihanyi, J.2    Rivalta, L.3
  • 166
    • 0035064362 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Responses of blood hormones to the maximal rowing ergometer test in college rowers
    • Jurimae J, Jurimae T. Responses of blood hormones to the maximal rowing ergometer test in college rowers. J Sports Med Phys Fit 2001; 41 (1): 73-7
    • (2001) J Sports Med Phys Fit , vol.41 , Issue.1 , pp. 73-7
    • Jurimae, J.1    Jurimae, T.2
  • 167
    • 0036305268 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hormone plasma levels from pituitary-gonadal axis in performance athletes after the 400 m run
    • Sowinska-Lisowska M, Majda J. Hormone plasma levels from pituitary-gonadal axis in performance athletes after the 400 m run. J Sports Med Phys Fit 2002; 42 (2): 243-9
    • (2002) J Sports Med Phys Fit , vol.42 , Issue.2 , pp. 243-9
    • Sowinska-Lisowska M, M.1
  • 168
    • 0025043094 scopus 로고
    • Resistance exercise effects on plasma cortisol, testosterone and crea-tine kinase activity in anabolic-androgenic steroid users
    • Boone JB, Lambert CP, Flynn MG, et al. Resistance exercise effects on plasma cortisol, testosterone and crea-tine kinase activity in anabolic-androgenic steroid users. Int J Sports Med 1990; 11 (4): 293-7
    • (1990) Int J Sports Med , vol.11 , Issue.4 , pp. 293-7
    • Boone, J.B.1    Lambert, C.P.2    Flynn, M.G.3
  • 169
    • 0028342775 scopus 로고
    • Stress adap-tation in athletes: Relation of lipoprotein levels to hormonal response
    • Tsopanakis A, Stalikas A, Sgouraki E, et al. Stress adap-tation in athletes: relation of lipoprotein levels to hormonal response. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 1994; 48 (2): 377-82
    • (1994) Pharmacol Biochem Behav , vol.48 , Issue.2 , pp. 377-82
    • Tsopanakis, A.1    Stalikas, A.2    Sgouraki, E.3
  • 170
    • 0022337283 scopus 로고
    • Muscle fiber types and size in trained and untrained muscles of elite athletes
    • Tesch P, Karlsson J. Muscle fiber types and size in trained and untrained muscles of elite athletes. J Appl Physiol 1985; 59 (6): 1716-20
    • (1985) J Appl Physiol , vol.59 , Issue.6 , pp. 1716-20
    • Tesch, P.1    Karlsson, J.2
  • 171
    • 0024389817 scopus 로고
    • Enzyme activities of FT and ST muscle fibres in heavy-resistance trained athletes
    • Tesch P, Thorsson A, Essen-Gustavsson B. Enzyme activities of FT and ST muscle fibres in heavy-resistance trained athletes. J Appl Physiol 1989; 67 (1): 83-7
    • (1989) J Appl Physiol , vol.67 , Issue.1 , pp. 83-7
    • Tesch, P.1    Thorsson, A.2    Essen-Gustavsson, B.3
  • 172
    • 0346786227 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A framework for understanding the training process leading to elite performance
    • Smith DJ. A framework for understanding the training process leading to elite performance. Sports Med 2003; 33 (15): 1103-26
    • (2003) Sports Med , vol.33 , Issue.15 , pp. 1103-26
    • Smith, D.J.1
  • 173
    • 50949114805 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Salivary testosterone and cortisol responses in professional rugby players after four resistance exercise protocols
    • Beaven MC, Gill ND, Cook CJ. Salivary testosterone and cortisol responses in professional rugby players after four resistance exercise protocols. J Strength Cond Res 2008; 22 (2): 426-32
    • (2008) J Strength Cond Res , vol.22 , Issue.2 , pp. 426-32
    • Beaven, M.C.1    Gill, N.D.2    Cook, C.J.3
  • 174
    • 0026002631 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of changes in testosterone concentrations after strength and endurance exercise in well trained men
    • Jensen J, Oftebro H, Breigan B, et al. Comparison of changes in testosterone concentrations after strength and endurance exercise in well trained men. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol 1991; 63 (6): 467-71
    • (1991) Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol , vol.63 , Issue.6 , pp. 467-71
    • Jensen, J.1    Oftebro, H.2    Breigan, B.3
  • 175
    • 0026562787 scopus 로고
    • Stability and variability in hormonal responses to prolonged exercise
    • Viru A, Karelson K, Smirnova T. Stability and variability in hormonal responses to prolonged exercise. Int J Sports Med 1992; 13 (3): 230-5
    • (1992) Int J Sports Med , vol.13 , Issue.3 , pp. 230-5
    • Viru, A.1    Karelson, K.2    Smirnova, T.3
  • 176
    • 0242408819 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heredity and pi-tuitary response to exercise-related stress in trained men
    • Di Luigi L, Guidetti L, Baldari C, et al. Heredity and pi-tuitary response to exercise-related stress in trained men. Int J Sports Med 2003; 24 (8): 551-8
    • (2003) Int J Sports Med , vol.24 , Issue.8 , pp. 551-8
    • Di Luigi, L.1    Guidetti, L.2    Baldari, C.3
  • 177
    • 50949129836 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Significant strength gains observed in rugby players after specific resistance exercise protocols based on individual salivary testosterone responses
    • Beaven MC, Cook CJ, Gill ND. Significant strength gains observed in rugby players after specific resistance exercise protocols based on individual salivary testosterone responses. J Strength Cond Res 2008; 22 (2): 419-25
    • (2008) J Strength Cond Res , vol.22 , Issue.2 , pp. 419-25
    • Beaven, M.C.1    Cook, C.J.2    Gill, N.D.3
  • 178
    • 0024375225 scopus 로고
    • Effects of progressive resistance training on growth hormone and testosterone levels in young and elderly subjects
    • Craig BW, Brown R, Everhart J. Effects of progressive resistance training on growth hormone and testosterone levels in young and elderly subjects. Mech Ageing Dev 1989; 49 (2): 159-69
    • (1989) Mech Ageing Dev , vol.49 , Issue.2 , pp. 159-69
    • Craig, B.W.1    Brown, R.2    Everhart, J.3
  • 179
    • 0034105145 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of concurrent strength and endurance training on skeletal muscle properties and hormone concentrations in humans
    • Bell G, Syrotuik D, Martin TP, et al. Effect of concurrent strength and endurance training on skeletal muscle properties and hormone concentrations in humans. Eur J Appl Physiol 2000; 81 (5): 418-27
    • (2000) Eur J Appl Physiol , vol.81 , Issue.5 , pp. 418-27
    • Bell, G.1    Syrotuik, D.2    Martin, T.P.3
  • 180
    • 33645743669 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of vibration and resistance training on neuromuscular and hormonal measures
    • Kvorning T, Bagger M, Caserotti P, et al. Effects of vibration and resistance training on neuromuscular and hormonal measures. Eur J Appl Physiol 2006; 96 (5): 615-25
    • (2006) Eur J Appl Physiol , vol.96 , Issue.5 , pp. 615-25
    • Kvorning, T.1    Bagger, M.2    Caserotti, P.3
  • 181
    • 37149044083 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of time-of-day-specific strength training on serum hormone concentrations and isometric strength in men
    • Sedliak M, Finni T, Cheng S, et al. Effect of time-of-day-specific strength training on serum hormone concentrations and isometric strength in men. Chronobiol Int 2007; 24 (6): 1159-77
    • (2007) Chronobiol Int , vol.24 , Issue.6 , pp. 1159-77
    • Sedliak, M.1    Finni, T.2    Cheng, S.3
  • 182
    • 0024238952 scopus 로고
    • Neuromuscular and hormonal adaptations in athletes to strength training in two years
    • Hakkinen K, Pakarinen A, Alen M, et al. Neuromuscular and hormonal adaptations in athletes to strength training in two years. J Appl Physiol 1988; 65 (6): 2406-12
    • (1988) J Appl Physiol , vol.65 , Issue.6 , pp. 2406-12
    • Hakkinen, K.1    Pakarinen, A.2    Alen, M.3
  • 183
    • 0034373337 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationships be-tween serum testosterone, cortisol, and weightlifting performance
    • Fry AC, Kraemer WJ, Stone MH, et al. Relationships be-tween serum testosterone, cortisol, and weightlifting performance. J Strength Cond Res 2000; 14 (3): 338-43
    • (2000) J Strength Cond Res , vol.14 , Issue.3 , pp. 338-43
    • Fry, A.C.1    Kraemer, W.J.2    Stone, M.H.3
  • 184
    • 0031737172 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pituitary-adrenal-gonadal responses to high-intensity resistance exercise overtraining
    • Fry AC, Kraemer WJ, Ramsey LT. Pituitary-adrenal-gonadal responses to high-intensity resistance exercise overtraining. J Appl Physiol 1998; 85 (6): 2352-9
    • (1998) J Appl Physiol , vol.85 , Issue.6 , pp. 2352-9
    • Fry, A.C.1    Kraemer, W.J.2    Ramsey, L.T.3
  • 185
    • 0026047882 scopus 로고
    • Serum hormones in male strength athletes during intensive short term strength training
    • Hakkinen K, Pakarinen A. Serum hormones in male strength athletes during intensive short term strength training. Eur J Appl Physiol Occ Physiol 1991; 63 (3-4): 194-9
    • (1991) Eur J Appl Physiol Occ Physiol , vol.63 , Issue.3-4 , pp. 194-9
    • Hakkinen, K.1    Pakarinen, A.2
  • 186
    • 0023883655 scopus 로고
    • Responses of serum androgenic-anabolic and catabolic hormones to prolonged strength training
    • Alen M, Pakarinen A, Hakkinen K, et al. Responses of serum androgenic-anabolic and catabolic hormones to prolonged strength training. Int J Sports Med 1988; 9 (3): 229-33
    • (1988) Int J Sports Med , vol.9 , Issue.3 , pp. 229-33
    • Alen, M.1    Pakarinen, A.2    Hakkinen, K.3
  • 187
    • 0035115883 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in hu-man skeletal muscle contractility and hormone status during 2 weeks of heavy strength training
    • Raastad T, Glomsheller T, Bjøro T, et al. Changes in hu-man skeletal muscle contractility and hormone status during 2 weeks of heavy strength training. Eur J Appl Physiol 2001; 84 (1-2): 54-63
    • (2001) Eur J Appl Physiol , vol.84 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 54-63
    • Raastad, T.1    Glomsheller, T.2    Bjøro, T.3
  • 188
    • 0002190044 scopus 로고
    • Effects of altering training volume and intensity on body mass, performance, and hormonal concentrations in weight-event athletes
    • Potteiger JA, Judge LW, Cerny JA, et al. Effects of altering training volume and intensity on body mass, performance, and hormonal concentrations in weight-event athletes. J Strength Cond Res 1995; 9 (1): 55-8
    • (1995) J Strength Cond Res , vol.9 , Issue.1 , pp. 55-8
    • Potteiger, J.A.1    Judge, L.W.2    Cerny, J.A.3
  • 189
    • 0031538132 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of strength training and concurrent strength and endurance training on strength, testosterone, and cortisol
    • Bell G, Syrotuik D, Socha T, et al. Effect of strength training and concurrent strength and endurance training on strength, testosterone, and cortisol. J Strength Cond Res 1997; 11 (1): 57-64
    • (1997) J Strength Cond Res , vol.11 , Issue.1 , pp. 57-64
    • Bell, G.1    Syrotuik, D.2    Socha, T.3
  • 190
    • 34548623638 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nonfunctional overreaching during off-season training for skill position players in collegiate American football
    • Moore CA, Fry AC. Nonfunctional overreaching during off-season training for skill position players in collegiate American football. J Strength Cond Res 2007; 21 (3): 793-800
    • (2007) J Strength Cond Res , vol.21 , Issue.3 , pp. 793-800
    • Moore, C.A.1    Fry, A.C.2
  • 191
    • 33646394573 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differ-ential effects of strength training leading to failure versus not to failure on hormonal responses, strength, and muscle power gains
    • Izquierdo M, Ibanez J, Gonzalez-Badillo J, et al. Differ-ential effects of strength training leading to failure versus not to failure on hormonal responses, strength, and muscle power gains. J Appl Physiol 2006; 100 (5): 1647-56
    • (2006) J Appl Physiol , vol.100 , Issue.5 , pp. 1647-56
    • Izquierdo, M.1    Ibanez, J.2    Gonzalez-Badillo, J.3
  • 192
    • 0021916370 scopus 로고
    • Serum hormones during prolonged training of neuromuscular performance
    • Hakkinen K, Pakarinen A, Alen M, et al. Serum hormones during prolonged training of neuromuscular performance. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol 1985; 53 (4): 287-93
    • (1985) Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol , vol.53 , Issue.4 , pp. 287-93
    • Hakkinen, K.1    Pakarinen, A.2    Alen, M.3
  • 193
    • 0033071002 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute and chronic hormonal responses to resistance training designed to promote muscle hypertrophy
    • McCall GE, Byrnes WC, Fleck SJ, et al. Acute and chronic hormonal responses to resistance training designed to promote muscle hypertrophy. Can J Appl Physiol 1999; 24 (1): 96-107
    • (1999) Can J Appl Physiol , vol.24 , Issue.1 , pp. 96-107
    • McCall, G.E.1    Byrnes, W.C.2    Fleck, S.J.3
  • 194
    • 63349093159 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparisons between twice-daily and once-daily training sessions in male weight lifters
    • Hartman MJ, Clark B, Bembens DA, et al. Comparisons between twice-daily and once-daily training sessions in male weight lifters. Int J Sports Physiol Perform 2007; 2 (2): 159-69
    • (2007) Int J Sports Physiol Perform , vol.2 , Issue.2 , pp. 159-69
    • Hartman, M.J.1    Clark, B.2    Bembens, D.A.3
  • 195
    • 0031484590 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of weight training volume on hormonal output and muscular size and function
    • Ostrowski JK, Wilson J, Weatherby R, et al. The effect of weight training volume on hormonal output and muscular size and function. J Strength Cond Res 1997; 11 (1): 148-54
    • (1997) J Strength Cond Res , vol.11 , Issue.1 , pp. 148-54
    • Ostrowski, J.K.1    Wilson, J.2    Weatherby, R.3
  • 196
    • 34548642310 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • De-training and tapering effects on hormonal responses and strength performance
    • Izquierdo M, Ibanez J, Gonzalez-Badillo JJ, et al. De-training and tapering effects on hormonal responses and strength performance. J Strength Cond Res 2007; 21 (3): 768-75
    • (2007) J Strength Cond Res , vol.21 , Issue.3 , pp. 768-75
    • Izquierdo, M.1    Ibanez, J.2    Gonzalez-Badillo, J.J.3
  • 197
    • 24944467830 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Short vs. long rest period between the sets in hypertrophic resistance training: Influence on muscle strength, size, and hormonal adaptations in trained men
    • Ahtiainen JP, Pakarinen A, Alen M, et al. Short vs. long rest period between the sets in hypertrophic resistance training: influence on muscle strength, size, and hormonal adaptations in trained men. J Strength Cond Res 2005; 19 (3): 572-82
    • (2005) J Strength Cond Res , vol.19 , Issue.3 , pp. 572-82
    • Ahtiainen, J.P.1    Pakarinen, A.2    Alen, M.3
  • 198
    • 0028718448 scopus 로고
    • Endocrine re-sponses to overreaching before and after 1 year of weightlifting
    • Fry AC, Kraemer WJ, Stone MH, et al. Endocrine re-sponses to overreaching before and after 1 year of weightlifting. Can J Appl Physiol 1994; 19 (4): 400-10
    • (1994) Can J Appl Physiol , vol.19 , Issue.4 , pp. 400-10
    • Fry, A.C.1    Kraemer, W.J.2    Stone, M.H.3
  • 199
    • 0024312343 scopus 로고
    • Neuromuscular and hormonal adaptations during strength and power training
    • Hakkinen K. Neuromuscular and hormonal adaptations during strength and power training. J Sports Med Phys Fit 1989; 29 (1): 9-26
    • (1989) J Sports Med Phys Fit , vol.29 , Issue.1 , pp. 9-26
    • Hakkinen, K.1
  • 200
    • 0024211476 scopus 로고
    • Daily hormonal and neuromuscular responses to intensive strength training in 1 week
    • Hakkinen K, Pakarinen A, Alen M, et al. Daily hormonal and neuromuscular responses to intensive strength training in 1 week. Int J Sports Med 1988; 9 (6): 422-8
    • (1988) Int J Sports Med , vol.9 , Issue.6 , pp. 422-8
    • Hakkinen, K.1    Pakarinen, A.2    Alen, M.3
  • 201
    • 0023141328 scopus 로고
    • Relationships between training volume, physical performance capacity, and serum hormone concentrations during prolonged training in elite weight lifters
    • Hakkinen K, Pakarinen A, Alen M, et al. Relationships between training volume, physical performance capacity, and serum hormone concentrations during prolonged training in elite weight lifters. Int J Sports Med 1987; 8 (1 Suppl.): 61S-5S
    • (1987) Int J Sports Med , vol.8 , Issue.1 SUPPL.
    • Hakkinen, K.1    Pakarinen, A.2    Alen, M.3
  • 202
    • 78751521452 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationships between salivary testosterone and cortisol concentrations and training performance in Olympic weightlifters
    • Crewther BT, Cook C. Relationships between salivary testosterone and cortisol concentrations and training performance in Olympic weightlifters. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2010; 50 (3): 166-73
    • (2010) J Sports Med Phys Fitness , vol.50 , Issue.3 , pp. 166-73
    • Crewther, B.T.1    Cook, C.2
  • 204
    • 0027510344 scopus 로고
    • Subclinical alterations in hormone and semen profiles in athletes
    • Arce JC, De Souza MJ, Pescatello LS, et al. Subclinical alterations in hormone and semen profiles in athletes. Fertil Steril 1993; 59 (2): 398-404
    • (1993) Fertil Steril , vol.59 , Issue.2 , pp. 398-404
    • Arce, J.C.1    De Souza, M.J.2    Pescatello, L.S.3
  • 205
    • 0028147223 scopus 로고
    • Gonadal hormones and semen quality in male runners
    • De Souza MJ, Arce JC, Pescatello LS, et al. Gonadal hormones and semen quality in male runners. Int J Sports Med 1994; 15 (7): 383-91
    • (1994) Int J Sports Med , vol.15 , Issue.7 , pp. 383-91
    • De Souza, M.J.1    Arce, J.C.2    Pescatello, L.S.3
  • 206
    • 0029831163 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adaptation of the hypothalamopituitary adrenal axis to chronic exercise stress in humans
    • Wittert GA, Livesey JH, Espiner EA, et al. Adaptation of the hypothalamopituitary adrenal axis to chronic exercise stress in humans. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1996; 28 (8): 1015-9
    • (1996) Med Sci Sports Exerc , vol.28 , Issue.8 , pp. 1015-9
    • Wittert, G.A.1    Livesey, J.H.2    Espiner, E.A.3
  • 207
    • 0030997333 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glucocorticoid receptors in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells in relation to age and to sport activity
    • Grasso G, Lodi L, Lupo C, et al. Glucocorticoid receptors in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells in relation to age and to sport activity. Life Sci 1997; 61 (3): 301-8
    • (1997) Life Sci , vol.61 , Issue.3 , pp. 301-8
    • Grasso, G.1    Lodi, L.2    Lupo, C.3
  • 208
    • 0031734608 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Basal reproductive hormonal profiles are altered in endurance trained men
    • Hackney AC, Fahrner CL, Gulledge TP. Basal reproductive hormonal profiles are altered in endurance trained men. J Sports Med Phys Fit 1998; 38 (2): 138-41
    • (1998) J Sports Med Phys Fit , vol.38 , Issue.2 , pp. 138-41
    • Hackney, A.C.1    Fahrner, C.L.2    Gulledge, T.P.3
  • 209
    • 0038017018 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Testosterone is significantly reduced in endurance athletes without impact on bone mineral density
    • Mamoun L, Lumbroso S, Manetta J, et al, Testosterone is significantly reduced in endurance athletes without impact on bone mineral density. Horm Res, 2003, 59 (6) 285-92.
    • (2003) Horm Res , vol.59 , Issue.6 , pp. 285-92
    • Mamoun, L.1    Lumbroso, S.2    Manetta, J.3
  • 210
    • 2342457633 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maximal strength and power, muscle mass, endurance and serum hormones in weightlifters and road cyclists
    • Izquierdo M, Ibanez J, Hakkinen K, et al. Maximal strength and power, muscle mass, endurance and serum hormones in weightlifters and road cyclists. J Sports Sci 2004; 22 (5): 465-78
    • (2004) J Sports Sci , vol.22 , Issue.5 , pp. 465-78
    • Izquierdo, M.1    Ibanez, J.2    Hakkinen, K.3
  • 211
    • 57749172524 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of urinary steroid profilein highly trained cyclists
    • Timon R, Olcina G, Maynar M, et al. Evaluation of uri-nary steroid profilein highly trained cyclists. J Sports Med Phys Fit 2008; 48 (8): 530-4
    • (2008) J Sports Med Phys Fit , vol.48 , Issue.8 , pp. 530-4
    • Timon, R.1    Olcina, G.2    Maynar, M.3
  • 212
    • 76149096810 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glucocorticoid receptor mRNA expression in peripheral blood mononu-clear cells in high trained compared to low trained athletes and untrained subjects
    • Bonifazi M, Mencarelli M, Fedele V, et al. Glucocorticoid receptor mRNA expression in peripheral blood mononu-clear cells in high trained compared to low trained athletes and untrained subjects. J Endocrinol Invest 2009; 32 (10): 816-20
    • (2009) J Endocrinol Invest , vol.32 , Issue.10 , pp. 816-20
    • Bonifazi, M.1    Mencarelli, M.2    Fedele, V.3
  • 213
    • 0030947790 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trained versus untrained men: Different immediate post-exercise responses of pituitary adrenal axis. A preliminary study
    • Duclos M, Corcuff JB, Rashedi M, et al. Trained versus untrained men: different immediate post-exercise responses of pituitary adrenal axis. A preliminary study. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol 1997; 75 (4): 343-50
    • (1997) Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol , vol.75 , Issue.4 , pp. 343-50
    • Duclos, M.1    Corcuff, J.B.2    Rashedi, M.3
  • 214
    • 0034070966 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The expression of androgen receptors in human neck and limb muscles: Effects of training and self-administration of androgenic-anabolic steroids
    • Kadi F, Bonnerud P, Eriksson A, et al. The expression of androgen receptors in human neck and limb muscles: effects of training and self-administration of androgenic-anabolic steroids. Histochem Cell Biol 2000; 113 (1): 25-9
    • (2000) Histochem Cell Biol , vol.113 , Issue.1 , pp. 25-9
    • Kadi, F.1    Bonnerud, P.2    Eriksson, A.3
  • 215
    • 4444264287 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of sequential bouts of resistance exercise on androgen receptor expression
    • Willoughby DS, Taylor L. Effects of sequential bouts of resistance exercise on androgen receptor expression. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2004; 36 (9): 1499-506
    • (2004) Med Sci Sports Exerc , vol.36 , Issue.9 , pp. 1499-506
    • Willoughby, D.S.1    Taylor, L.2
  • 216
    • 63049127952 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Elevated endogenous testosterone concentrations potentiate muscle androgen receptor responses to resistance exercise
    • Spiering BA, Kraemer WJ, Vingren JL, et al. Elevated en-dogenous testosterone concentrations potentiate muscle androgen receptor responses to resistance exercise. J Steroid Biochem 2009; 114 (3-5): 195-9
    • (2009) J Steroid Biochem , vol.114 , Issue.3-5 , pp. 195-9
    • Spiering, B.A.1    Kraemer, W.J.2    Vingren, J.L.3
  • 217
    • 44649089337 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Androgen re-ceptors and testosterone in men: Effects of protein inges-tion, resistance exercise and fiber type
    • Hulmi JJ, Ahtiainen JP, Selanne H, et al. Androgen re-ceptors and testosterone in men: effects of protein inges-tion, resistance exercise and fiber type. J Steroid Biochem 2008; 110 (1-2): 130-7
    • (2008) J Steroid Biochem , vol.110 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 130-7
    • Hulmi, J.J.1    Ahtiainen, J.P.2    Selanne, H.3
  • 218
    • 0035023210 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanical load increases muscle IGF-1 and androgen receptor mRNA concentrations in humans
    • Bamman MM, Shipp JR, Jiang J, et al. Mechanical load increases muscle IGF-1 and androgen receptor mRNA concentrations in humans. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2001; 280 (3): E383-90
    • (2001) Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab , vol.280 , Issue.3
    • Bamman, M.M.1    Shipp, J.R.2    Jiang, J.3
  • 219
    • 33745873538 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Androgenic responses to resistance exercise: Effects of feeding and L-carnitine
    • Kraemer WJ, Spiering BA, Volek JS, et al. Androgenic responses to resistance exercise: effects of feeding and L-carnitine. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2006; 38 (7): 1288-96
    • (2006) Med Sci Sports Exerc , vol.38 , Issue.7 , pp. 1288-96
    • Kraemer, W.J.1    Spiering, B.A.2    Volek, J.S.3
  • 220
    • 20044370807 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Androgen receptor content following heavy resistance exercise in men
    • Ratamess NA, Kraemer WJ, Volek JS, et al. Androgen receptor content following heavy resistance exercise in men. J Steroid Biochem 2005; 93 (1): 35-42
    • (2005) J Steroid Biochem , vol.93 , Issue.1 , pp. 35-42
    • Ratamess, N.A.1    Kraemer, W.J.2    Volek, J.S.3
  • 221
    • 70350572436 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of re-sistance exercise on muscle steroid receptor protein content in strength-trained men and women
    • Vingren JL, Kraemer WJ, Hatfield DL, et al. Effect of re-sistance exercise on muscle steroid receptor protein content in strength-trained men and women. Steroids 2009; 74 (13-14): 1033-9
    • (2009) Steroids , vol.74 , Issue.13-14 , pp. 1033-9
    • Vingren, J.L.1    Kraemer, W.J.2    Hatfield, D.L.3
  • 222
    • 6344291192 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Androgen receptor in human skeletal muscle and cultured muscle satellite cells: Up-regulation by androgen treatment
    • Sinha-Hikim I, Taylor WE, Gonzalez-Cadavid NF, et al. Androgen receptor in human skeletal muscle and cultured muscle satellite cells: up-regulation by androgen treatment. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2004; 89 (10): 5245-55
    • (2004) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.89 , Issue.10 , pp. 5245-55
    • Sinha-Hikim, I.1    Taylor, W.E.2    Gonzalez-Cadavid, N.F.3
  • 223
    • 34548577038 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Androgen re-ceptor expression in the levator ani muscle of male mice
    • Johansen JA, Breedlove SM, Jordan CL. Androgen re-ceptor expression in the levator ani muscle of male mice. J Neuroendocrinol 2007; 19 (10): 823-6
    • (2007) J Neuroendocrinol , vol.19 , Issue.10 , pp. 823-6
    • Johansen, J.A.1    Breedlove, S.M.2    Jordan, C.L.3
  • 224
    • 0032983770 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of hindlimb suspension and androgen treatment on testosterone receptors in rat skeletal muscle
    • Bricout VA, Serrurier BD, Bigard AX, et al. Effects of hindlimb suspension and androgen treatment on testosterone receptors in rat skeletal muscle. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol 1999; 79 (5): 443-8
    • (1999) Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol , vol.79 , Issue.5 , pp. 443-8
    • Bricout, V.A.1    Serrurier, B.D.2    Bigard, A.X.3
  • 225
    • 0028074381 scopus 로고
    • En-durance and resistance exercise induce muscle fibre type specific responses in androgen binding capacity
    • Deschenes MR, Maresh CM, Armstrong LE, et al. En-durance and resistance exercise induce muscle fibre type specific responses in androgen binding capacity. J Steroid Biochem 1994; 50 (3-4): 175-9
    • (1994) J Steroid Biochem , vol.50 , Issue.3-4 , pp. 175-9
    • Deschenes, M.R.1    Maresh, C.M.2    Armstrong, L.E.3
  • 226
    • 5644263960 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of voluntary exercise on the expression of IGF-1 and androgen receptor in three rat skeletal muscles and on serum IGF-1 and testosterone levels
    • Matsakas A, Nikolaidis MG, Kokalas N, et al. Effect of voluntary exercise on the expression of IGF-1 and androgen receptor in three rat skeletal muscles and on serum IGF-1 and testosterone levels. Int J Sports Med 2004; 25 (7): 502-8
    • (2004) Int J Sports Med , vol.25 , Issue.7 , pp. 502-8
    • Matsakas, A.1    Nikolaidis, M.G.2    Kokalas, N.3
  • 227
    • 28044473366 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic alcohol intake, resistance training, and muscle androgen receptor content
    • Vingren JL, Koziris LP, Gordon SE, et al. Chronic alcohol intake, resistance training, and muscle androgen receptor content. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2005; 37 (11): 1842-8
    • (2005) Med Sci Sports Exerc , vol.37 , Issue.11 , pp. 1842-8
    • Vingren, J.L.1    Koziris, L.P.2    Gordon, S.E.3
  • 228
    • 0344666783 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glucocorticoid re-ceptor and ubiquitin expression after repeated eccentric exercise
    • Willoughby DS, Taylor M, Taylor L. Glucocorticoid re-ceptor and ubiquitin expression after repeated eccentric exercise. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2003; 35 (12): 2023-31
    • (2003) Med Sci Sports Exerc , vol.35 , Issue.12 , pp. 2023-31
    • Willoughby, D.S.1    Taylor, M.2    Taylor, L.3
  • 229
    • 1842610095 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of heavy resistance training on myostatin mRNA and protein expression
    • Willoughby DS. Effects of heavy resistance training on myostatin mRNA and protein expression. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2004; 36 (4): 574-82
    • (2004) Med Sci Sports Exerc , vol.36 , Issue.4 , pp. 574-82
    • Willoughby, D.S.1
  • 230
    • 0035854359 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glucocorticoid recep-tors in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells in relation to explosive performance in elite handball players
    • Bonifazi M, Bosco C, Colli R, et al. Glucocorticoid recep-tors in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells in relation to explosive performance in elite handball players. Life Sci 2001; 69 (8): 961-8
    • (2001) Life Sci , vol.69 , Issue.8 , pp. 961-8
    • Bonifazi, M.1    Bosco, C.2    Colli, R.3
  • 231
    • 3042545694 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of chronic and acute training on glucocorticoid receptors concentrations in rats
    • Peijie C, Zicai D, Haowen X, et al. Effects of chronic and acute training on glucocorticoid receptors concentrations in rats. Life Sci 2004; 75 (11): 1303-11
    • (2004) Life Sci , vol.75 , Issue.11 , pp. 1303-11
    • Peijie, C.1    Zicai, D.2    Haowen, X.3
  • 232
    • 34547353444 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in cytosol glucocorti-coid receptor and renal Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase activity after swimming training in rat
    • Peijie B, Zicai D, Tian W. Changes in cytosol glucocorti-coid receptor and renal Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase activity after swimming training in rat. J Sports Med Phys Fit 2007; 47 (2): 246-9
    • (2007) J Sports Med Phys Fit , vol.47 , Issue.2 , pp. 246-9
    • Peijie, B.1    Zicai, D.2    Tian, W.3
  • 233
    • 3042552449 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term endurance training induced changes in glucocorticoid receptors concentrations in rat and man
    • Peijie C, Renbao X, Xinming T. Long-term endurance training induced changes in glucocorticoid receptors concentrations in rat and man. J Sports Med Phys Fit 2004; 44 (3): 322-7
    • (2004) J Sports Med Phys Fit , vol.44 , Issue.3 , pp. 322-7
    • Peijie, C.1    Renbao, X.2    Xinming, T.3
  • 234
    • 33646423263 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of vol-untary exercise on peripheral tissue glucocorticoid receptor content and the expression and activity of 11b-HSD1 in the Syrian hamster
    • Coutinho AE, Campbell JE, Fediuc S, et al. Effect of vol-untary exercise on peripheral tissue glucocorticoid receptor content and the expression and activity of 11b-HSD1 in the Syrian hamster. J Appl Physiol 2006; 100 (5): 1483-8
    • (2006) J Appl Physiol , vol.100 , Issue.5 , pp. 1483-8
    • Coutinho, A.E.1    Campbell, J.E.2    Fediuc, S.3
  • 235
    • 0003124239 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endocrine responses to resistance exercise
    • Baechle TR, Earle RW, editors 2nd ed Champaign (IL): Human Kinetics
    • Kraemer WJ. Endocrine responses to resistance exercise. In: Baechle TR, Earle RW, editors. Essentials of strength training and conditioning. 2nd ed. Champaign (IL): Human Kinetics, 2000: 91-114
    • (2000) Essentials of Strength Training and Conditioning , pp. 91-114
    • Kraemer, W.J.1
  • 236
    • 56849101225 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Research methodology: En-docrinologic measurements in exercise science and sports medicine
    • Hackney AC, Viru A. Research methodology: en-docrinologic measurements in exercise science and sports medicine. J Athl Train 2008; 43 (6): 631-9
    • (2008) J Athl Train , vol.43 , Issue.6 , pp. 631-9
    • Hackney, A.C.1    Viru, A.2
  • 237
    • 0008059445 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hormonal responses to exe-cise: Methodological considerations
    • Warren MP, Constantini NW, editors Totowa (NJ): Humana Press, Inc
    • Tremblay MS, Chu SY. Hormonal responses to exe-cise: methodological considerations. In: Warren MP, Constantini NW, editors. Sports endocrinology. Totowa (NJ): Humana Press, Inc., 2000: 1-30
    • (2000) Sports Endocrinology , pp. 1-30
    • Tremblay, M.S.1    Chu, S.Y.2
  • 238
    • 0030874098 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of ex-ercise-induced plasma volume changes on the interpretation of biochemical data following high-intensity exercise
    • Kargotich S, Goodman C, Keast D, et al. Influence of ex-ercise-induced plasma volume changes on the interpretation of biochemical data following high-intensity exercise. Clin J Sports Med 1997; 7 (3): 185-91
    • (1997) Clin J Sports Med , vol.7 , Issue.3 , pp. 185-91
    • Kargotich, S.1    Goodman, C.2    Keast, D.3
  • 239
    • 0027102155 scopus 로고
    • Growth hormone, IGF-1, and testosterone responses to resistive exercise
    • Kraemer RR, Kilgore JL, Kraemer GR, et al. Growth hormone, IGF-1, and testosterone responses to resistive exercise. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1992; 24 (12): 1346-52
    • (1992) Med Sci Sports Exerc , vol.24 , Issue.12 , pp. 1346-52
    • Kraemer, R.R.1    Kilgore, J.L.2    Kraemer, G.R.3
  • 240
    • 0033637009 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modeling of cir-cadian testosterone in healthy men and hypogonadal men
    • Gupta SK, Lindemulder EA, Sathyan G. Modeling of cir-cadian testosterone in healthy men and hypogonadal men. J Clin Pharmacol 2000; 40 (7): 731-8
    • (2000) J Clin Pharmacol , vol.40 , Issue.7 , pp. 731-8
    • Gupta, S.K.1    Lindemulder, E.A.2    Sathyan, G.3
  • 241
    • 0029043056 scopus 로고
    • Circadian rhythm of cortisol confounds cortisol responses to exercise: Implications for future research
    • Thuma JR, Gilders RM, Verdun M, et al. Circadian rhythm of cortisol confounds cortisol responses to exercise: implications for future research. J Appl Physiol 1995; 78 (5): 1657-64
    • (1995) J Appl Physiol , vol.78 , Issue.5 , pp. 1657-64
    • Thuma, J.R.1    Gilders, R.M.2    Verdun, M.3
  • 242
    • 0029941919 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of gender and age on the levels and circadian rhythmicity of plasma cortisol
    • Van Cauter E, Leproult R, Kupfer DJ. Effects of gender and age on the levels and circadian rhythmicity of plasma cortisol. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1996; 81 (7): 2468-73
    • (1996) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.81 , Issue.7 , pp. 2468-73
    • Van Cauter, E.1    Leproult, R.2    Kupfer, D.J.3
  • 243
    • 1942531395 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of circadian time structure on acute hormonal responses to a single bout of heavy-resistance exercise in weight-trained men
    • Bird SP, Tarpenning KM. Influence of circadian time structure on acute hormonal responses to a single bout of heavy-resistance exercise in weight-trained men. Chrono-biol Int 2004; 21 (1): 131-46
    • (2004) Chrono-biol Int , vol.21 , Issue.1 , pp. 131-46
    • Bird, S.P.1    Tarpenning, K.M.2
  • 244
    • 0031694625 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biorhythmic influences on functional capacity of human muscle and physiological responses
    • Deschenes MR, Kraemer WJ, Bush JA, et al. Biorhythmic influences on functional capacity of human muscle and physiological responses. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1998; 30 (9): 1399-407
    • (1998) Med Sci Sports Exerc , vol.30 , Issue.9 , pp. 1399-407
    • Deschenes, M.R.1    Kraemer, W.J.2    Bush, J.A.3
  • 245
    • 0034971757 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cortisol and growth hormone responses to exercise at different times of day
    • Kanaley JA, Weltman JY, Pieper KS, et al. Cortisol and growth hormone responses to exercise at different times of day. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2001; 86 (6): 2881-9
    • (2001) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.86 , Issue.6 , pp. 2881-9
    • Kanaley, J.A.1    Weltman, J.Y.2    Pieper, K.S.3
  • 246
    • 39349106517 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An applied research model for the sport sciences
    • Bishop D. An applied research model for the sport sciences. Sports Med 2008; 38 (3): 253-63
    • (2008) Sports Med , vol.38 , Issue.3 , pp. 253-63
    • Bishop, D.1
  • 247
    • 0029690786 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Strength and power training: Physiological mechanisms of adaptation
    • Kraemer WJ, Fleck SJ, EVans WJ. Strength and power training: physiological mechanisms of adaptation. Exerc Sport Sci Rev 1996; 24: 363-97
    • (1996) Exerc Sport Sci Rev , vol.24 , pp. 363-97
    • Kraemer, W.J.1    Fleck, S.J.2    Evans, W.J.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.