메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn , Issue , 2010, Pages

Gastrointestinal cytoprotection by PPARγ ligands

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CIGLITAZONE; LIGAND; PEROXISOME PROLIFERATOR ACTIVATED RECEPTOR GAMMA; PEROXISOME PROLIFERATOR ACTIVATED RECEPTOR GAMMA LIGAND; PIOGLITAZONE; ROSIGLITAZONE; TROGLITAZONE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

EID: 78349252725     PISSN: 16874757     EISSN: 16874765     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1155/2010/108632     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (4)

References (66)
  • 2
    • 0027191040 scopus 로고
    • CDNA cloning, chromosomal mapping, and functional characterization of the human peroxisome proliferator activated receptor
    • Sher T., Yi H.-F., McBride O. W., Gonzalez F. J., cDNA cloning, chromosomal mapping, and functional characterization of the human peroxisome proliferator activated receptor Biochemistry 1993 32 21 5598 5604
    • (1993) Biochemistry , vol.32 , Issue.21 , pp. 5598-5604
    • Sher, T.1    Yi, H.-F.2    McBride, O.W.3    Gonzalez, F.J.4
  • 3
    • 0026785388 scopus 로고
    • Identification of a new member of the steroid hormone receptor superfamily that is activated by a peroxisome proliferator and fatty acids
    • Schmidt A., Endo N., Rutledge S. J., Vogel R., Shinar D., Rodan G. A., Identification of a new member of the steroid hormone receptor superfamily that is activated by a peroxisome proliferator and fatty acids Molecular Endocrinology 1992 6 10 1634 1641
    • (1992) Molecular Endocrinology , vol.6 , Issue.10 , pp. 1634-1641
    • Schmidt, A.1    Endo, N.2    Rutledge, S.J.3    Vogel, R.4    Shinar, D.5    Rodan, G.A.6
  • 6
    • 0031886864 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor- is a negative regulator of macrophage activation
    • Ricote M., Li A. C., Willson T. M., Kelly C. J., Glass C. K., The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor- is a negative regulator of macrophage activation Nature 1998 391 6662 79 82
    • (1998) Nature , vol.391 , Issue.6662 , pp. 79-82
    • Ricote, M.1    Li, A.C.2    Willson, T.M.3    Kelly, C.J.4    Glass, C.K.5
  • 7
    • 0031888958 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PPAR- agonists inhibit production of monocyte inflammatory cytokines
    • Jiang C., Ting A. T., Seed B., PPAR- agonists inhibit production of monocyte inflammatory cytokines Nature 1998 391 6662 82 86
    • (1998) Nature , vol.391 , Issue.6662 , pp. 82-86
    • Jiang, C.1    Ting, A.T.2    Seed, B.3
  • 8
    • 0030747895 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tissue distribution and quantification of the expression of mRNAs of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors and liver X receptor- in humans: No alteration in adipose tissue of obese and NIDDM patients
    • Auboeuf D., Rieusset J., Fajas L., Vallier P., Frering V., Riou J. P., Staels B., Auwerx J., Laville M., Vidal H., Tissue distribution and quantification of the expression of mRNAs of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors and liver X receptor- in humans: no alteration in adipose tissue of obese and NIDDM patients Diabetes 1997 46 8 1319 1327
    • (1997) Diabetes , vol.46 , Issue.8 , pp. 1319-1327
    • Auboeuf, D.1    Rieusset, J.2    Fajas, L.3    Vallier, P.4    Frering, V.5    Riou, J.P.6    Staels, B.7    Auwerx, J.8    Laville, M.9    Vidal, H.10
  • 9
    • 0344333464 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma activators inhibit gene expression and migration in human vascular smooth muscle cells
    • Marx N., Schnbeck U., Lazar M. A., Libby P., Plutzky J., Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma activators inhibit gene expression and migration in human vascular smooth muscle cells Circulation Research 1998 83 11 1097 1103
    • (1998) Circulation Research , vol.83 , Issue.11 , pp. 1097-1103
    • Marx, N.1    Schnbeck, U.2    Lazar, M.A.3    Libby, P.4    Plutzky, J.5
  • 10
    • 0027959552 scopus 로고
    • Human and rat peroxisome proliferator activated receptors (PPARs) demonstrate similar tissue distribution but different responsiveness to PPAR activators
    • Mukherjee R., Jow L., Noonan D., McDonnell D. P., Human and rat peroxisome proliferator activated receptors (PPARs) demonstrate similar tissue distribution but different responsiveness to PPAR activators Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 1994 51 3-4 157 166
    • (1994) Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , vol.51 , Issue.34 , pp. 157-166
    • Mukherjee, R.1    Jow, L.2    Noonan, D.3    McDonnell, D.P.4
  • 12
    • 4444382263 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activation of NF B represents the central event in the neoplastic progression associated with Barrett's esophagus: A possible link to the inflammation and overexpression of COX-2, PPAR and growth factors
    • Konturek P. C., Nikiforuk A., Kania J., Raithel M., Hahn E. G., Mhldorfer S. M., Activation of NF B represents the central event in the neoplastic progression associated with Barrett's esophagus: a possible link to the inflammation and overexpression of COX-2, PPAR and growth factors Digestive Diseases and Sciences 2004 49 7-8 1075 1083
    • (2004) Digestive Diseases and Sciences , vol.49 , Issue.78 , pp. 1075-1083
    • Konturek, P.C.1    Nikiforuk, A.2    Kania, J.3    Raithel, M.4    Hahn, E.G.5    Mhldorfer, S.M.6
  • 13
    • 23844479379 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship between peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma expression and differentiation of human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
    • Takashima T., Fujiwara Y., Hamaguchi M., Sasaki E., Tominaga K., Watanabe T., Oshitani N., Higuchi K., Arakawa T., Relationship between peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma expression and differentiation of human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma Oncology Reports 2005 13 4 601 606
    • (2005) Oncology Reports , vol.13 , Issue.4 , pp. 601-606
    • Takashima, T.1    Fujiwara, Y.2    Hamaguchi, M.3    Sasaki, E.4    Tominaga, K.5    Watanabe, T.6    Oshitani, N.7    Higuchi, K.8    Arakawa, T.9
  • 16
    • 0036924258 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A specific peroxisome proliferator-induced receptor- (PPAR- ) ligand, pioglitazone, ameliorates gastric mucosal damage induced by ischemia and reperfusion in rats
    • Ichikawa H., Naito Y., Takagi T., Tomatsuri N., Yoshida N., Yoshikawa T., A specific peroxisome proliferator-induced receptor- (PPAR- ) ligand, pioglitazone, ameliorates gastric mucosal damage induced by ischemia and reperfusion in rats Redox Report 2002 7 5 343 346
    • (2002) Redox Report , vol.7 , Issue.5 , pp. 343-346
    • Ichikawa, H.1    Naito, Y.2    Takagi, T.3    Tomatsuri, N.4    Yoshida, N.5    Yoshikawa, T.6
  • 20
    • 8844239169 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rosiglitazone, an agonist of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, protects against gastric ischemia-reperfusion damage in rats: Role of oxygen free radicals generation
    • Villegas I., Martin A. R., Toma W., De La Lastra C. A., Rosiglitazone, an agonist of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, protects against gastric ischemia-reperfusion damage in rats: role of oxygen free radicals generation European Journal of Pharmacology 2004 505 13 195 203
    • (2004) European Journal of Pharmacology , vol.505 , Issue.13 , pp. 195-203
    • Villegas, I.1    Martin, A.R.2    Toma, W.3    De La Lastra, C.A.4
  • 22
    • 64549123883 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Involvement of glucocorticoid receptor and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor- in pioglitazone mediated chronic gastric ulcer healing in rats
    • Lahiri S., Sen T., Palit G., Involvement of glucocorticoid receptor and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor- in pioglitazone mediated chronic gastric ulcer healing in rats European Journal of Pharmacology 2009 609 13 118 125
    • (2009) European Journal of Pharmacology , vol.609 , Issue.13 , pp. 118-125
    • Lahiri, S.1    Sen, T.2    Palit, G.3
  • 23
  • 25
    • 0036920167 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Suppression of intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury by a specific peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor- ligand, pioglitazone, in rats
    • Naito Y., Takagi T., Uchiyama K., Handa O., Tomatsuri N., Imamoto E., Kokura S., Ichikawa H., Yoshida N., Yoshikawa T., Suppression of intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury by a specific peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor- ligand, pioglitazone, in rats Redox Report 2002 7 5 294 299
    • (2002) Redox Report , vol.7 , Issue.5 , pp. 294-299
    • Naito, Y.1    Takagi, T.2    Uchiyama, K.3    Handa, O.4    Tomatsuri, N.5    Imamoto, E.6    Kokura, S.7    Ichikawa, H.8    Yoshida, N.9    Yoshikawa, T.10
  • 29
    • 0036924470 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pioglitazone, a PPAR- ligand, provides protection from dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in mice in association with inhibition of the NF- B-cytokine cascade
    • Takagi T., Naito Y., Tomatsuri N., Handa O., Ichikawa H., Yoshida N., Yoshikawa T., Pioglitazone, a PPAR- ligand, provides protection from dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in mice in association with inhibition of the NF- B-cytokine cascade Redox Report 2002 7 5 283 289
    • (2002) Redox Report , vol.7 , Issue.5 , pp. 283-289
    • Takagi, T.1    Naito, Y.2    Tomatsuri, N.3    Handa, O.4    Ichikawa, H.5    Yoshida, N.6    Yoshikawa, T.7
  • 30
    • 15944363392 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intestinal antiinflammatory effects of thiazolidenedione peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor- ligands on T helper type 1 chemokine regulation include nontranscriptional control mechanisms
    • Schaefer K. L., Denevich S., Ma C., Cooley S. R., Nakajima A., Wada K., Schlezinger J., Sherr D., Saubermann L. J., Intestinal antiinflammatory effects of thiazolidenedione peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor- ligands on T helper type 1 chemokine regulation include nontranscriptional control mechanisms Inflammatory Bowel Diseases 2005 11 3 244 252
    • (2005) Inflammatory Bowel Diseases , vol.11 , Issue.3 , pp. 244-252
    • Schaefer, K.L.1    Denevich, S.2    Ma, C.3    Cooley, S.R.4    Nakajima, A.5    Wada, K.6    Schlezinger, J.7    Sherr, D.8    Saubermann, L.J.9
  • 33
    • 34147176714 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rosiglitazone, a PPAR ligand, modulates signal transduction pathways during the development of acute TNBS-induced colitis in rats
    • Snchez-Hidalgo M., Martn A. R., Villegas I., Alarcn de la Lastra C., Rosiglitazone, a PPAR ligand, modulates signal transduction pathways during the development of acute TNBS-induced colitis in rats European Journal of Pharmacology 2007 562 3 247 258
    • (2007) European Journal of Pharmacology , vol.562 , Issue.3 , pp. 247-258
    • Snchez-Hidalgo, M.1    Martn, A.R.2    Villegas, I.3    Alarcn De La Lastra, C.4
  • 35
    • 15944422109 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ligand rosiglitazone delays the onset of inflammatory bowel disease in mice with interleukin 10 deficiency
    • Lytle C., Tod T. J., Vo K. T., Lee J. W., Atkinson R. D., Straus D. S., The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ligand rosiglitazone delays the onset of inflammatory bowel disease in mice with interleukin 10 deficiency Inflammatory Bowel Diseases 2005 11 3 231 243
    • (2005) Inflammatory Bowel Diseases , vol.11 , Issue.3 , pp. 231-243
    • Lytle, C.1    Tod, T.J.2    Vo, K.T.3    Lee, J.W.4    Atkinson, R.D.5    Straus, D.S.6
  • 37
    • 0021259505 scopus 로고
    • Unidentified curved bacilli in the stomach of patients with gastritis and peptic ulceration
    • Marshall B. J., Warren J. R., Unidentified curved bacilli in the stomach of patients with gastritis and peptic ulceration Lancet 1984 1 8390 1311 1314
    • (1984) Lancet , vol.1 , Issue.8390 , pp. 1311-1314
    • Marshall, B.J.1    Warren, J.R.2
  • 38
    • 0028694306 scopus 로고
    • Schistosomes, liver flukes and Helicobacter pylori. IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans
    • International Agency For Research On Cancer Who
    • International Agency for Research on Cancer WHO, Schistosomes, liver flukes and Helicobacter pylori. IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans 1994 61 1 241
    • (1994) IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans , vol.61 , pp. 1-241
  • 39
    • 0036592020 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Suppression of gastric mucosal inflammatory responses to Helicobacter pylori lipopolysaccharide by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor activation
    • Slomiany B. L., Slomiany A., Suppression of gastric mucosal inflammatory responses to Helicobacter pylori lipopolysaccharide by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor activation IUBMB Life 2002 53 6 303 308
    • (2002) IUBMB Life , vol.53 , Issue.6 , pp. 303-308
    • Slomiany, B.L.1    Slomiany, A.2
  • 40
    • 39049107541 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expression of COX-1, COX-2, and PPAR- in the gastric mucosa of children with Helicobacter pylori infection
    • Haruna H., Shimizu T., Ohtsuka Y., Yarita Y., Fujii T., Kudo T., Yamashiro Y., Expression of COX-1, COX-2, and PPAR- in the gastric mucosa of children with Helicobacter pylori infection Pediatrics International 2008 50 1 1 6
    • (2008) Pediatrics International , vol.50 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-6
    • Haruna, H.1    Shimizu, T.2    Ohtsuka, Y.3    Yarita, Y.4    Fujii, T.5    Kudo, T.6    Yamashiro, Y.7
  • 41
    • 7944236430 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Implication of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor and proinflammatory cytokines in gastric carcinogenesis: Link to Helicobacter pylori -infection
    • Konturek P. C., Kania J., Kukharsky V., Raithel M., Ocker M., Rembiasz K., Hahn E. G., Konturek S. J., Implication of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor and proinflammatory cytokines in gastric carcinogenesis: link to Helicobacter pylori -infection Journal of Pharmacological Sciences 2004 96 2 134 143
    • (2004) Journal of Pharmacological Sciences , vol.96 , Issue.2 , pp. 134-143
    • Konturek, P.C.1    Kania, J.2    Kukharsky, V.3    Raithel, M.4    Ocker, M.5    Rembiasz, K.6    Hahn, E.G.7    Konturek, S.J.8
  • 42
    • 59249107353 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of ciglitazone and troglitazone on the proliferation of human stomach cancer cells
    • Cheon C. W., Kim D. H., Kim D. H., Cho Y. H., Kim J. H., Effects of ciglitazone and troglitazone on the proliferation of human stomach cancer cells World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009 15 3 310 320
    • (2009) World Journal of Gastroenterology , vol.15 , Issue.3 , pp. 310-320
    • Cheon, C.W.1    Kim, D.H.2    Kim, D.H.3    Cho, Y.H.4    Kim, J.H.5
  • 45
    • 0031595923 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Pro12Ala substitution in PPAR 2 associated with decreased receptor activity, lower body mass index and improved insulin sensitivity
    • Deeb S. S., Fajas L., Nemoto M., Pihlajamki J., Mykknen L., Kuusisto J., Laakso M., Fujimoto W., Auwerx J., A Pro12Ala substitution in PPAR 2 associated with decreased receptor activity, lower body mass index and improved insulin sensitivity Nature Genetics 1998 20 3 284 287
    • (1998) Nature Genetics , vol.20 , Issue.3 , pp. 284-287
    • Deeb, S.S.1    Fajas, L.2    Nemoto, M.3    Pihlajamki, J.4    Mykknen, L.5    Kuusisto, J.6    Laakso, M.7    Fujimoto, W.8    Auwerx, J.9
  • 46
    • 0038079807 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association of common polymorphisms in inflammatory genes interleukin (IL)6, IL8, tumor necrosis factor , NFKB1, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor with colorectal cancer
    • Landi S., Moreno V., Gioia-Patricola L., Guino E., Navarro M., De Oca J., Capella G., Canzian F., Association of common polymorphisms in inflammatory genes interleukin (IL)6, IL8, tumor necrosis factor, NFKB1, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor with colorectal cancer Cancer Research 2003 63 13 3560 3566
    • (2003) Cancer Research , vol.63 , Issue.13 , pp. 3560-3566
    • Landi, S.1    Moreno, V.2    Gioia-Patricola, L.3    Guino, E.4    Navarro, M.5    De Oca, J.6    Capella, G.7    Canzian, F.8
  • 48
    • 75549088800 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor- and its coactivator-1 gene polymorphisms in korean women with polycystic ovary syndrome
    • Chae S. J., Kim J. J., Choi Y. M., Kim J. M., Cho Y. M., Moon S. Y., Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor- and its coactivator-1 gene polymorphisms in korean women with polycystic ovary syndrome Gynecologic and Obstetric Investigation 2010 70 1 1 7
    • (2010) Gynecologic and Obstetric Investigation , vol.70 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-7
    • Chae, S.J.1    Kim, J.J.2    Choi, Y.M.3    Kim, J.M.4    Cho, Y.M.5    Moon, S.Y.6
  • 51
    • 33644886282 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma Pro12Ala polymorphism, Helicobacter pylori infection and non-cardia gastric carcinoma in Chinese
    • Liao S.-Y., Zeng Z.-R., Leung W. K., Zhou S.-Z., Chen B., Sung J. J. Y., Hu P.-J., Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma Pro12Ala polymorphism, Helicobacter pylori infection and non-cardia gastric carcinoma in Chinese Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 2006 23 2 289 294
    • (2006) Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics , vol.23 , Issue.2 , pp. 289-294
    • Liao, S.-Y.1    Zeng, Z.-R.2    Leung, W.K.3    Zhou, S.-Z.4    Chen, B.5    Sung, J.J.Y.6    Hu, P.-J.7
  • 52
    • 46249125608 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of Pro12Ala PPAR gamma polymorphism and Helicobacter pylori infection in gastric adenocarcinoma and peptic ulcer disease
    • Prasad K. N., Saxena A., Ghoshal U. C., Bhagat M. R., Krishnani N., Analysis of Pro12Ala PPAR gamma polymorphism and Helicobacter pylori infection in gastric adenocarcinoma and peptic ulcer disease Annals of Oncology 2008 19 7 1299 1303
    • (2008) Annals of Oncology , vol.19 , Issue.7 , pp. 1299-1303
    • Prasad, K.N.1    Saxena, A.2    Ghoshal, U.C.3    Bhagat, M.R.4    Krishnani, N.5
  • 55
    • 33645844823 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Attenuation of colonic inflammation by PPAR in intestinal epithelial cells: Effect on toll-like receptor pathway
    • Chang S. E., Dong S. H., Seung H. L., Chang H. P., Yong W. C., Lee J., Joon S. H., Attenuation of colonic inflammation by PPAR in intestinal epithelial cells: effect on toll-like receptor pathway Digestive Diseases and Sciences 2006 51 4 693 697
    • (2006) Digestive Diseases and Sciences , vol.51 , Issue.4 , pp. 693-697
    • Chang, S.E.1    Dong, S.H.2    Seung, H.L.3    Chang, H.P.4    Yong, W.C.5    Lee, J.6    Joon, S.H.7
  • 57
    • 34547176642 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Unravelling the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease
    • Xavier R. J., Podolsky D. K., Unravelling the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease Nature 2007 448 7152 427 434
    • (2007) Nature , vol.448 , Issue.7152 , pp. 427-434
    • Xavier, R.J.1    Podolsky, D.K.2
  • 60
    • 33847403883 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor is required for regulatory CD4+ T cell-mediated protection against colitis
    • Hontecillas R., Bassaganya-Riera J., Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor is required for regulatory CD4+ T cell-mediated protection against colitis Journal of Immunology 2007 178 5 2940 2949
    • (2007) Journal of Immunology , vol.178 , Issue.5 , pp. 2940-2949
    • Hontecillas, R.1    Bassaganya-Riera, J.2
  • 62
    • 0031844535 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The nuclear eicosanoid receptor, PPAR , is aberrantly expressed in colonic cancers
    • DuBois R. N., Gupta R., Brockman J., Reddy B. S., Krakow S. L., Lazar M. A., The nuclear eicosanoid receptor, PPAR, is aberrantly expressed in colonic cancers Carcinogenesis 1998 19 1 49 53
    • (1998) Carcinogenesis , vol.19 , Issue.1 , pp. 49-53
    • Dubois, R.N.1    Gupta, R.2    Brockman, J.3    Reddy, B.S.4    Krakow, S.L.5    Lazar, M.A.6
  • 64
    • 0034806995 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activation of the PPAR pathway induces apoptosis and COX-2 inhibition in HT-29 human colon cancer cells
    • Yang W.-L., Frucht H., Activation of the PPAR pathway induces apoptosis and COX-2 inhibition in HT-29 human colon cancer cells Carcinogenesis 2001 22 9 1379 1383
    • (2001) Carcinogenesis , vol.22 , Issue.9 , pp. 1379-1383
    • Yang, W.-L.1    Frucht, H.2
  • 66
    • 0031694577 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activation of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor promotes the development of colon tumors in C57BL/6J-APC(Min)/+ mice
    • Lefebvre A.-M., Chen I., Desreumaux P., Najib J., Fruchart J.-C., Geboes K., Briggs M., Heyman R., Auwerx J., Activation of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor promotes the development of colon tumors in C57BL/6J-APC(Min)/+ mice Nature Medicine 1998 4 9 1053 1057
    • (1998) Nature Medicine , vol.4 , Issue.9 , pp. 1053-1057
    • Lefebvre, A.-M.1    Chen, I.2    Desreumaux, P.3    Najib, J.4    Fruchart, J.-C.5    Geboes, K.6    Briggs, M.7    Heyman, R.8    Auwerx, J.9


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.