메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 11, Issue 11, 2010, Pages 760-772

Goal-directed and habitual control in the basal ganglia: Implications for Parkinson's disease

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

DOPAMINE;

EID: 77958465056     PISSN: 1471003X     EISSN: 14710048     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/nrn2915     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (795)

References (174)
  • 2
    • 0022939250 scopus 로고
    • Striatal inhomogeneities and basal ganglia function
    • Penney, J. B. Jr & Young, A. B. Striatal inhomogeneities and basal ganglia function. Mov. Disord. 1, 3-15 (1986).
    • (1986) Mov. Disord. , vol.1 , pp. 3-15
    • Penney Jr., J.B.1    Young, A.B.2
  • 3
    • 0024450903 scopus 로고
    • The functional anatomy of basal ganglia disorders
    • Albin, R. L., Young, A. B. & Penney, J. B. The functional anatomy of basal ganglia disorders. Trends Neurosci. 12, 366-375 (1989).
    • (1989) Trends Neurosci. , vol.12 , pp. 366-375
    • Albin, R.L.1    Young, A.B.2    Penney, J.B.3
  • 4
    • 0025301385 scopus 로고
    • Disinhibition as a basic process in the expression of striatal functions
    • Chevalier, G. & Deniau, J. M. Disinhibition as a basic process in the expression of striatal functions. Trends Neurosci. 13, 277-281 (1990).
    • (1990) Trends Neurosci. , vol.13 , pp. 277-281
    • Chevalier, G.1    Deniau, J.M.2
  • 5
    • 70350503363 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • eds Swanson, L. W., Bjorklund, A. & Hokfelt, T. Elsevier, Amsterdam
    • Gerfen, C. R. & Wilson, C. J. in Handbook of Chemical Neuroanatomy Vol 12 (eds Swanson, L. W., Bjorklund, A. & Hokfelt, T. ) 371-468 (Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1996).
    • (1996) Handbook of Chemical Neuroanatomy , vol.12 , pp. 371-468
    • Gerfen, C.R.1    Wilson, C.J.2
  • 6
    • 0025298139 scopus 로고
    • Primate models of movement disorders of basal ganglia origin
    • DeLong, M. R. Primate models of movement disorders of basal ganglia origin. Trends Neurosci. 13, 281-285 (1990).
    • (1990) Trends Neurosci. , vol.13 , pp. 281-285
    • Delong, M.R.1
  • 7
    • 0025572196 scopus 로고
    • D1 and D2 dopamine receptor regulated gene expression of striatonigral and striatopallidal neurons
    • Gerfen, C. R. et al. D1 and D2 dopamine receptor regulated gene expression of striatonigral and striatopallidal neurons. Science 250, 1429-1431 (1990).
    • (1990) Science , vol.250 , pp. 1429-1431
    • Gerfen, C.R.1
  • 8
    • 0023268204 scopus 로고
    • Primate models of dyskinesia: The experimental approach to the study of basal ganglia-related involuntary movement disorders
    • Crossman, A. R. Primate models of dyskinesia: the experimental approach to the study of basal ganglia-related involuntary movement disorders. Neuroscience 21, 1-40 (1987).
    • (1987) Neuroscience , vol.21 , pp. 1-40
    • Crossman, A.R.1
  • 9
    • 0028231239 scopus 로고
    • Convergent synaptic input from the neostriatum and the subthalamus onto identified nigrothalamic neurons in the rat
    • Bevan, M. D., Bolam, J. P. & Crossman, A. R. Convergent synaptic input from the neostriatum and the subthalamus onto identified nigrothalamic neurons in the rat. Eur. J. Neurosci. 6, 320-334 (1994).
    • (1994) Eur. J. Neurosci. , vol.6 , pp. 320-334
    • Bevan, M.D.1    Bolam, J.P.2    Crossman, A.R.3
  • 10
    • 65649100206 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Basal ganglia
    • Redgrave, P. Basal ganglia. Scholarpedia 2, 1825 (2007).
    • (2007) Scholarpedia , vol.2 , pp. 1825
    • Redgrave, P.1
  • 11
    • 0034282256 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The organization of the striatal output system: A single-cell juxtacellular labeling study in the rat
    • Wu, Y., Richard, S. & Parent, A. The organization of the striatal output system: a single-cell juxtacellular labeling study in the rat. Neurosci. Res. 38, 49-62 (2000).
    • (2000) Neurosci. Res. , vol.38 , pp. 49-62
    • Wu, Y.1    Richard, S.2    Parent, A.3
  • 12
    • 62849091782 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Striatal medium-sized spiny neurons: Identification by nuclear staining and study of neuronal subpopulations in BAC transgenic mice
    • Matamales, M. et al. Striatal medium-sized spiny neurons: identification by nuclear staining and study of neuronal subpopulations in BAC transgenic mice. PLoS ONE 4, e4770 (2009).
    • (2009) PLoS ONE , vol.4
    • Matamales, M.1
  • 13
    • 0018085227 scopus 로고
    • Projections of the precentral motor cortex and other cortical areas of the frontal lobe to the subthalamic nucleus in the monkey
    • Hartmann-von Monakow, K. H., Akert, K. & Kunzle, H. Projections of the precentral motor cortex and other cortical areas of the frontal lobe to the subthalamic nucleus in the monkey. Exp. Brain Res. 33, 395-403 (1978).
    • (1978) Exp. Brain Res. , vol.33 , pp. 395-403
    • Hartmann-Von Monakow, K.H.1    Akert, K.2    Kunzle, H.3
  • 14
    • 0036283473 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional significance of the cortico-subthalamo-pallidal 'hyperdirect' Pathway
    • Nambu, A., Tokuno, H. & Takada, M. Functional significance of the cortico-subthalamo-pallidal 'hyperdirect' pathway. Neurosci. Res. 43, 111-117 (2002).
    • (2002) Neurosci. Res. , vol.43 , pp. 111-117
    • Nambu, A.1    Tokuno, H.2    Takada, M.3
  • 15
    • 1642317777 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thalamic innervation of striatal and subthalamic neurons projecting to the rat entopeduncular nucleus
    • Lanciego, J. L. et al. Thalamic innervation of striatal and subthalamic neurons projecting to the rat entopeduncular nucleus. Eur. J. Neurosci. 19, 1267-1277 (2004).
    • (2004) Eur. J. Neurosci. , vol.19 , pp. 1267-1277
    • Lanciego, J.L.1
  • 16
    • 0028267530 scopus 로고
    • The projections from the parafascicular thalamic nucleus to the subthalamic nucleus and the striatum arise from separate neuronal populations \-a comparison with the corticostriatal and corticosubthalamic efferents in a retrograde fluorescent double-labelling study
    • Feger, J., Bevan, M. & Crossman, A. R. The projections from the parafascicular thalamic nucleus to the subthalamic nucleus and the striatum arise from separate neuronal populations \-a comparison with the corticostriatal and corticosubthalamic efferents in a retrograde fluorescent double-labelling study. Neuroscience 60, 125-132 (1994).
    • (1994) Neuroscience , vol.60 , pp. 125-132
    • Feger, J.1    Bevan, M.2    Crossman, A.R.3
  • 17
    • 65649099052 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Short-latency visual input to the subthalamic nucleus is provided by the midbrain superior colliculus
    • Coizet, V. et al. Short-latency visual input to the subthalamic nucleus is provided by the midbrain superior colliculus. J. Neurosci. 29, 5701-5709 (2009).
    • (2009) J. Neurosci. , vol.29 , pp. 5701-5709
    • Coizet, V.1
  • 18
    • 4544350592 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pedunculopontine nucleus and basal ganglia: Distant relatives or part of the same family?
    • Mena-Segovia, J., Bolam, J. P. & Magill, P. J. Pedunculopontine nucleus and basal ganglia: distant relatives or part of the same family? Trends Neurosci. 27, 585-588 (2004).
    • (2004) Trends Neurosci. , vol.27 , pp. 585-588
    • Mena-Segovia, J.1    Bolam, J.P.2    Magill, P.J.3
  • 19
    • 0031799938 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microcircuitry of the direct and indirect pathways of the basal ganglia
    • Smith, Y., Bevan, M. D., Shink, E. & Bolam, J. P. Microcircuitry of the direct and indirect pathways of the basal ganglia. Neuroscience 86, 353-387 (1998).
    • (1998) Neuroscience , vol.86 , pp. 353-387
    • Smith, Y.1    Bevan, M.D.2    Shink, E.3    Bolam, J.P.4
  • 20
    • 0035807859 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subthalamo-pallido-striatal axis: A feedback system in the basal ganglia
    • Miwa, H., Fuwa, T. , Nishi, K. & Kondo, T. Subthalamo-pallido- striatal axis: a feedback system in the basal ganglia. Neuroreport 12, 3795-3798 (2001).
    • (2001) Neuroreport , vol.12 , pp. 3795-3798
    • Miwa, H.1    Fuwa, T.2    Nishi, K.3    Kondo, T.4
  • 21
    • 0030014312 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The subthalamic nucleus and the external pallidum: Two tightly interconnected structures that control the output of the basal ganglia in the monkey
    • Shink, E., Bevan, M. D., Bolam, J. P. & Smith, Y. The subthalamic nucleus and the external pallidum: two tightly interconnected structures that control the output of the basal ganglia in the monkey. Neuroscience 73, 335-357 (1996).
    • (1996) Neuroscience , vol.73 , pp. 335-357
    • Shink, E.1    Bevan, M.D.2    Bolam, J.P.3    Smith, Y.4
  • 22
    • 77958502328 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • eds Tepper, J., Absercrombie, E. & Bolam, J. P. Elsevier, Amsterdam
    • Kita, H. in Gaba And The Basal Ganglia: From Molecules To Systems (eds Tepper, J., Absercrombie, E. & Bolam, J. P.) 111-133 (Elsevier, Amsterdam, 2007).
    • (2007) Gaba and the Basal Ganglia: From Molecules to Systems , pp. 111-133
    • Kita, H.1
  • 23
    • 0032533941 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selective innervation of neostriatal interneurons by a subclass of neuron in the globus pallidus of the rat
    • Bevan, M. D., Booth, P. A. C., Eaton, S. A. & Bolam, J. P. Selective innervation of neostriatal interneurons by a subclass of neuron in the globus pallidus of the rat. J. Neurosci. 18, 9438-9452 (1998).
    • (1998) J. Neurosci. , vol.18 , pp. 9438-9452
    • Bevan, M.D.1    Booth, P.A.C.2    Eaton, S.A.3    Bolam, J.P.4
  • 24
    • 0033553309 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monkey globus pallidus external segment neurons projecting to the neostriatum
    • Kita, H., Tokuno, H. & Nambu, A. Monkey globus pallidus external segment neurons projecting to the neostriatum. Neuroreport 10, 1467-1472 (1999).
    • (1999) Neuroreport , vol.10 , pp. 1467-1472
    • Kita, H.1    Tokuno, H.2    Nambu, A.3
  • 25
    • 0024336026 scopus 로고
    • The organization of the projection from the cerebral cortex to the striatum in the rat
    • McGeorge, A. J. & Faull, R. L. M. The organization of the projection from the cerebral cortex to the striatum in the rat. Neuroscience 29, 503-537 (1989).
    • (1989) Neuroscience , vol.29 , pp. 503-537
    • McGeorge, A.J.1    Faull, R.L.M.2
  • 26
    • 13444292185 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Somatotopy in the basal ganglia: Experimental and clinical evidence for segregated sensorimotor channels
    • Romanelli, P. , Esposito, V., Schaal, D. W. & Heit, G. Somatotopy in the basal ganglia: experimental and clinical evidence for segregated sensorimotor channels. Brain Res. Rev. 48, 112-128 (2005).
    • (2005) Brain Res. Rev. , vol.48 , pp. 112-128
    • Romanelli, P.1    Esposito, V.2    Schaal, D.W.3    Heit, G.4
  • 27
    • 8144224797 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Topography of cortico-striatal connections in man: Anatomical evidence for parallel organization
    • Wiesendanger, E., Clarke, S., Kraftsik, R. & Tardif, E. Topography of cortico-striatal connections in man: anatomical evidence for parallel organization. Eur. J. Neurosci. 20, 1915-1922 (2004).
    • (2004) Eur. J. Neurosci. , vol.20 , pp. 1915-1922
    • Wiesendanger, E.1    Clarke, S.2    Kraftsik, R.3    Tardif, E.4
  • 28
    • 0033770429 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neural circuits and functional organization of the striatum
    • Nakano, K., Kayahara, T. , Tsutsumi, T. & Ushiro, H. Neural circuits and functional organization of the striatum. J. Neurol. 247, V1-V15 (2000).
    • (2000) J. Neurol. , vol.247
    • Nakano, K.1    Kayahara, T.2    Tsutsumi, T.3    Ushiro, H.4
  • 29
    • 0022930826 scopus 로고
    • Parallel organization of functionally segregated circuits linking basal ganglia and cortex
    • Alexander, G. E., DeLong, M. R. & Strick, P. L. Parallel organization of functionally segregated circuits linking basal ganglia and cortex. Ann. Rev. Neurosci. 9, 357-381 (1986).
    • (1986) Ann. Rev. Neurosci. , vol.9 , pp. 357-381
    • Alexander, G.E.1    Delong, M.R.2    Strick, P.L.3
  • 32
    • 9644310360 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Models of the subthalamic nucleus: The importance of intranuclear connectivity
    • Gillies, A. & Willshaw, D. Models of the subthalamic nucleus: the importance of intranuclear connectivity. Med. Eng. Phys. 26, 723-732 (2004).
    • (2004) Med. Eng. Phys. , vol.26 , pp. 723-732
    • Gillies, A.1    Willshaw, D.2
  • 33
    • 44949233370 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subthalamic nucleus and its connections: Anatomic substrate for the network effects of deep brain stimulation
    • Benarroch, E. E. Subthalamic nucleus and its connections: anatomic substrate for the network effects of deep brain stimulation. Neurology 70, 1991-1995 (2008).
    • (2008) Neurology , vol.70 , pp. 1991-1995
    • Benarroch, E.E.1
  • 34
    • 38949096775 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The microcircuitry of primate subthalamic nucleus
    • Parent, M. & Parent, A. The microcircuitry of primate subthalamic nucleus. Parkinsonism Relat. Disord. 13, S292-S295 (2007).
    • (2007) Parkinsonism Relat. Disord. , vol.13
    • Parent, M.1    Parent, A.2
  • 35
    • 0033839280 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neural circuits and topographic organization of the basal ganglia and related regions
    • Nakano, K. Neural circuits and topographic organization of the basal ganglia and related regions. Brain Dev. 22, S5-S16 (2000).
    • (2000) Brain Dev. , vol.22
    • Nakano, K.1
  • 37
    • 49049112072 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence for segregated and integrative connectivity patterns in the human basal ganglia
    • Draganski, B. et al. Evidence for segregated and integrative connectivity patterns in the human basal ganglia. J. Neurosci. 28, 7143-7152 (2008).
    • (2008) J. Neurosci. , vol.28 , pp. 7143-7152
    • Draganski, B.1
  • 38
    • 8644219759 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 3-D diffusion tensor axonal tracking shows distinct SMA and pre-SMA projections to the human striatum
    • Lehericy, S. et al. 3-D diffusion tensor axonal tracking shows distinct SMA and pre-SMA projections to the human striatum. Cereb. Cortex 14, 1302-1309 (2004).
    • (2004) Cereb. Cortex , vol.14 , pp. 1302-1309
    • Lehericy, S.1
  • 39
    • 73749085118 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence for asymmetric intra substantia nigra functional connectivity-application to basal ganglia processing
    • Doron, O. & Goelman, G. Evidence for asymmetric intra substantia nigra functional connectivity-application to basal ganglia processing. Neuroimage 49, 2940-2946 (2010).
    • (2010) Neuroimage , vol.49 , pp. 2940-2946
    • Doron, O.1    Goelman, G.2
  • 40
    • 0037124382 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brainstem projections to midline and intralaminar thalamic nuclei of the rat
    • Krout, K. E., Belzer, R. E. & Loewy, A. D. Brainstem projections to midline and intralaminar thalamic nuclei of the rat. J. Comp. Neurol. 448, 53-101 (2002).
    • (2002) J. Comp. Neurol. , vol.448 , pp. 53-101
    • Krout, K.E.1    Belzer, R.E.2    Loewy, A.D.3
  • 41
    • 0035809830 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Superior colliculus projections to midline and intralaminar thalamic nuclei of the rat
    • Krout, K. E., Loewy, A. D., Westby, G. W. M. & Redgrave, P. Superior colliculus projections to midline and intralaminar thalamic nuclei of the rat. J. Comp. Neurol. 431, 198-216 (2001).
    • (2001) J. Comp. Neurol. , vol.431 , pp. 198-216
    • Krout, K.E.1    Loewy, A.D.2    Westby, G.W.M.3    Redgrave, P.4
  • 42
    • 0034648353 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Periaqueductal gray matter projections to midline and intralaminar thalamic nuclei of the rat
    • Krout, K. E. & Loewy, A. D. Periaqueductal gray matter projections to midline and intralaminar thalamic nuclei of the rat. J. Comp. Neurol. 424, 111-141 (2000).
    • (2000) J. Comp. Neurol. , vol.424 , pp. 111-141
    • Krout, K.E.1    Loewy, A.D.2
  • 43
    • 0033002021 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationships between thalamostriatal neurons and pedunculopontine projections to the thalamus: A neuroanatomical tract-tracing study in the rat
    • Erro, E., Lanciego, J. L. & Gimenez-Amaya, J. M. Relationships between thalamostriatal neurons and pedunculopontine projections to the thalamus: a neuroanatomical tract-tracing study in the rat. Exp. Brain Res. 127, 162-170 (1999).
    • (1999) Exp. Brain Res. , vol.127 , pp. 162-170
    • Erro, E.1    Lanciego, J.L.2    Gimenez-Amaya, J.M.3
  • 44
    • 34247469020 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dopamine neuron systems in the brain: An update
    • Bjorklund, A. & Dunnett, S. B. Dopamine neuron systems in the brain: an update. Trends Neurosci. 30, 194-202 (2007).
    • (2007) Trends Neurosci. , vol.30 , pp. 194-202
    • Bjorklund, A.1    Dunnett, S.B.2
  • 45
    • 58849089960 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Single nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons form widely spread and highly dense axonal arborizations in the neostriatum
    • Matsuda, W. et al. Single nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons form widely spread and highly dense axonal arborizations in the neostriatum. J. Neurosci. 29, 444-453 (2009).
    • (2009) J. Neurosci. , vol.29 , pp. 444-453
    • Matsuda, W.1
  • 46
    • 0024562398 scopus 로고
    • Evidence for a distinct nigropallidal dopaminergic projection in the squirrel monkey
    • Smith, Y., Lavoie, B., Dumas, J. & Parent, A. Evidence for a distinct nigropallidal dopaminergic projection in the squirrel monkey. Brain Res. 482, 381-386 (1989).
    • (1989) Brain Res. , vol.482 , pp. 381-386
    • Smith, Y.1    Lavoie, B.2    Dumas, J.3    Parent, A.4
  • 48
    • 0026059697 scopus 로고
    • Phasic versus tonic dopamine release and the modulation of dopamine system responsivity: A hypothesis for the etiology of schizophrenia
    • Grace, A. A. Phasic versus tonic dopamine release and the modulation of dopamine system responsivity: a hypothesis for the etiology of schizophrenia. Neuroscience 41, 1-24 (1991).
    • (1991) Neuroscience , vol.41 , pp. 1-24
    • Grace, A.A.1
  • 49
    • 0032973437 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The basal ganglia: A vertebrate solution to the selection problem?
    • Redgrave, P., Prescott, T. & Gurney, K. N. The basal ganglia: a vertebrate solution to the selection problem? Neuroscience 89, 1009-1023 (1999).
    • (1999) Neuroscience , vol.89 , pp. 1009-1023
    • Redgrave, P.1    Prescott, T.2    Gurney, K.N.3
  • 50
    • 0030294556 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The basal ganglia: Focused selection and inhibition of competing motor programs
    • Mink, J. W. The basal ganglia: focused selection and inhibition of competing motor programs. Prog. Neurobiol. 50, 381-425 (1996).
    • (1996) Prog. Neurobiol. , vol.50 , pp. 381-425
    • Mink, J.W.1
  • 51
    • 0033922255 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of the basal ganglia in the control of purposive saccadic eye movements
    • Hikosaka, O., Takikawa, Y. & Kawagoe, R. Role of the basal ganglia in the control of purposive saccadic eye movements. Physiol. Rev. 80, 953-978 (2000).
    • (2000) Physiol. Rev. , vol.80 , pp. 953-978
    • Hikosaka, O.1    Takikawa, Y.2    Kawagoe, R.3
  • 52
    • 33751184634 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The short-latency dopamine signal: A role in discovering novel actions? Nature Rev
    • Redgrave, P. & Gurney, K. The short-latency dopamine signal: a role in discovering novel actions? Nature Rev. Neurosci. 7, 967-975 (2006).
    • (2006) Neurosci. , vol.7 , pp. 967-975
    • Redgrave, P.1    Gurney, K.2
  • 53
    • 49449095638 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What is reinforced by phasic dopamine signals?
    • Redgrave, P. , Gurney, K. & Reynolds, J. What is reinforced by phasic dopamine signals? Brain Res. R e v. 58, 322-339 (2008).
    • (2008) Brain Res. Rev. , vol.58 , pp. 322-339
    • Redgrave, P.1    Gurney, K.2    Reynolds, J.3
  • 54
    • 32444439058 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Behavioral theories and the neurophysiology of reward
    • Schultz, W. Behavioral theories and the neurophysiology of reward. Annu. Rev. Psychol. 57, 87-115 (2006).
    • (2006) Annu. Rev. Psychol. , vol.57 , pp. 87-115
    • Schultz, W.1
  • 55
    • 0021864424 scopus 로고
    • Microstimulation of the primate neurostriatum II. Somatotopic organization of striatal microexcitable zones and their relation to neuronal response properties
    • Alexander, G. E. & DeLong, M. R. Microstimulation of the primate neurostriatum. II. Somatotopic organization of striatal microexcitable zones and their relation to neuronal response properties. J. Neurophysiol. 53, 1417-1430 (1985).
    • (1985) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.53 , pp. 1417-1430
    • Alexander, G.E.1    Delong, M.R.2
  • 56
    • 0025309280 scopus 로고
    • Behaviorally contingent property of movement-related activity of the primate putamen
    • Kimura, M. Behaviorally contingent property of movement-related activity of the primate putamen. J. Neurophysiol. 63, 1277-1296 (1990).
    • (1990) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.63 , pp. 1277-1296
    • Kimura, M.1
  • 57
    • 0027510679 scopus 로고
    • Tw o input systems for body representation in the primate striatal matrix: Experimental evidence in the squirrel monkey
    • Flaherty, A. W. & Graybiel, A. M. Tw o input systems for body representation in the primate striatal matrix: experimental evidence in the squirrel monkey. J. Neurosci. 13, 1120-1137 (1993).
    • (1993) J. Neurosci. , vol.13 , pp. 1120-1137
    • Flaherty, A.W.1    Graybiel, A.M.2
  • 58
    • 0024605307 scopus 로고
    • Functional properties of monkey caudate neurons. I. Activities related to saccadic eye movements
    • Hikosaka, O., Sakamoto, M. & Usui, S. Functional properties of monkey caudate neurons. I. Activities related to saccadic eye movements. J. Neurophysiol. 61, 780-798 (1989). (Pubitemid 19111971)
    • (1989) Journal of Neurophysiology , vol.61 , Issue.4 , pp. 780-798
    • Hikosaka, O.1    Sakamoto, M.2    Usui, S.3
  • 59
    • 0024523563 scopus 로고
    • Functional properties of monkey caudate neurons. II. Visual and auditory responses
    • Hikosaka, O., Sakamoto, M. & Usui, S. Functional properties of monkey caudate neurons II. Visual and auditory responses. J. Neurophysiol. 61, 799-813 (1989). (Pubitemid 19111972)
    • (1989) Journal of Neurophysiology , vol.61 , Issue.4 , pp. 799-813
    • Hikosaka, O.1    Sakamoto, M.2    Usui, S.3
  • 60
    • 0031841387 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modifications of reward expectation-related neuronal activity during learning in primate striatum
    • Tremblay, L., Hollerman, J. R. & Schultz, W. Modifications of reward expectation-related neuronal activity during learning in primate striatum. J. Neurophysiol. 80, 964-977 (1998). (Pubitemid 28387673)
    • (1998) Journal of Neurophysiology , vol.80 , Issue.2 , pp. 964-977
    • Tremblay, L.1    Hollerman, J.R.2    Schultz, W.3
  • 61
    • 0034613311 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Laterality, somatotopy and reproducibility of the basal ganglia and motor cortex during motor tasks
    • Scholz, V. H. et al. Laterality, somatotopy and reproducibility of the basal ganglia and motor cortex during motor tasks. Brain Res. 879, 204-215 (2000).
    • (2000) Brain Res. , vol.879 , pp. 204-215
    • Scholz, V.H.1
  • 62
    • 0037297410 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Foot, hand, face and eye representation in the human striatum
    • Gerardin, E. et al. Foot, hand, face and eye representation in the human striatum. Cereb. Cortex 13, 162-169 (2003).
    • (2003) Cereb. Cortex , vol.13 , pp. 162-169
    • Gerardin, E.1
  • 64
    • 61349114222 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The integrative function of the basal ganglia in instrumental conditioning
    • Balleine, B. W., Lijeholm, M. & Ostlund, S. B. The integrative function of the basal ganglia in instrumental conditioning. Behav. Brain Res. 199, 43-52 (2009).
    • (2009) Behav. Brain Res. , vol.199 , pp. 43-52
    • Balleine, B.W.1    Lijeholm, M.2    Ostlund, S.B.3
  • 65
    • 72049125602 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human and rodent homologies in action control: Corticostriatal determinants of goal-directed and habitual action
    • Balleine, B. W. & O'Doherty, J. P. Human and rodent homologies in action control: corticostriatal determinants of goal-directed and habitual action. Neuropsychopharmacology 35, 48-69 (2009).
    • (2009) Neuropsychopharmacology , vol.35 , pp. 48-69
    • Balleine, B.W.1    O'Doherty, J.P.2
  • 66
    • 33745760564 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of the basal ganglia in habit formation
    • Yin, H. H. & Knowlton, B. J. The role of the basal ganglia in habit formation. Nature Rev. Neurosci. 7, 464-476 (2006).
    • (2006) Nature Rev. Neurosci. , vol.7 , pp. 464-476
    • Yin, H.H.1    Knowlton, B.J.2
  • 69
    • 0028006389 scopus 로고
    • Motivational control of goal-directed action
    • Dickinson, A. & Balleine, B. Motivational control of goal-directed action. Anim. Learn. Behav. 22, 1-18 (1994).
    • (1994) Anim. Learn. Behav. , vol.22 , pp. 1-18
    • Dickinson, A.1    Balleine, B.2
  • 70
    • 84885422671 scopus 로고
    • Instrumental responding following reinforcer devaluation
    • Adams, C. D. & Dickinson, A. Instrumental responding following reinforcer devaluation. Q. J. Exp. Psychol. 33, 109-121 (1981).
    • (1981) Q. J. Exp. Psychol. , vol.33 , pp. 109-121
    • Adams, C.D.1    Dickinson, A.2
  • 71
    • 84980210366 scopus 로고
    • The effect of contingency upon the appetitive conditioning of free-operant behavior
    • Hammond, L. J. The effect of contingency upon the appetitive conditioning of free-operant behavior. J. Exp. Anal. Behav. 34, 297-304 (1980).
    • (1980) J. Exp. Anal. Behav. , vol.34 , pp. 297-304
    • Hammond, L.J.1
  • 72
    • 0031801210 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Goal-directed instrumental action: Contingency and incentive learning and their cortical substrates
    • Balleine, B. W. & Dickinson, A. Goal-directed instrumental action: contingency and incentive learning and their cortical substrates. Neuropharmacology 37, 407-419 (1998).
    • (1998) Neuropharmacology , vol.37 , pp. 407-419
    • Balleine, B.W.1    Dickinson, A.2
  • 73
    • 61349149920 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stimulus-response and response-outcome learning mechanisms in the striatum
    • Horvitz, J. C. Stimulus-response and response-outcome learning mechanisms in the striatum. Behav. Brain Res. 199, 129-140 (2009).
    • (2009) Behav. Brain Res. , vol.199 , pp. 129-140
    • Horvitz, J.C.1
  • 74
    • 77649190347 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Memory formation under stress: Quantity and quality
    • Schwabe, L., Wolf, O. T. & Oitzl, M. S. Memory formation under stress: quantity and quality. Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. 34, 584-591 (2010).
    • (2010) Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. , vol.34 , pp. 584-591
    • Schwabe, L.1    Wolf, O.T.2    Oitzl, M.S.3
  • 75
    • 77949915745 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Switching from automatic to controlled behavior: Cortico-basal ganglia mechanisms
    • Hikosaka, O. & Isoda, M. Switching from automatic to controlled behavior: cortico-basal ganglia mechanisms. Trends Cogn. Sci. 14, 154-161 (2010).
    • (2010) Trends Cogn. Sci. , vol.14 , pp. 154-161
    • Hikosaka, O.1    Isoda, M.2
  • 76
    • 0037334647 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Task switching
    • Monsell, S. Task switching. Trends Cogn. Sci. 7, 134-140 (2003).
    • (2003) Trends Cogn. Sci. , vol.7 , pp. 134-140
    • Monsell, S.1
  • 77
    • 0001860705 scopus 로고
    • The effect of the instrumental training contingency on susceptibility to reinforcer devaluation
    • Dickinson, A., Nicholas, D. J. & Adams, C. D. The effect of the instrumental training contingency on susceptibility to reinforcer devaluation. Q. J. Exp. Psychol. 35, 35-51 (1983).
    • (1983) Q. J. Exp. Psychol. , vol.35 , pp. 35-51
    • Dickinson, A.1    Nicholas, D.J.2    Adams, C.D.3
  • 78
    • 0032082595 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of sleep loss, time of day, and extended mental work on implicit and explicit learning of sequences
    • Heuer, H., Spijkers, W., Kiesswetter, E. & Schmidtke, V. Effects of sleep loss, time of day, and extended mental work on implicit and explicit learning of sequences. J. Exp. Psychol. Appl. 4, 139-162 (1998).
    • (1998) J. Exp. Psychol. Appl. , vol.4 , pp. 139-162
    • Heuer, H.1    Spijkers, W.2    Kiesswetter, E.3    Schmidtke, V.4
  • 79
    • 68149154708 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic stress causes frontostriatal reorganization and affects decision-making
    • Dias-Ferreira, E. et al. Chronic stress causes frontostriatal reorganization and affects decision-making. Science 325, 621-625 (2009).
    • (2009) Science , vol.325 , pp. 621-625
    • Dias-Ferreira, E.1
  • 80
    • 70449577155 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Parallel explicit and implicit control of reaching
    • Mazzoni, P. & Wexler, N. S. Parallel explicit and implicit control of reaching. PLoS ONE 4, e7557 (2009).
    • (2009) PLoS ONE , vol.4
    • Mazzoni, P.1    Wexler, N.S.2
  • 81
    • 34447632824 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Still at the choice-point: Action selection and initiation in istrumental conditioning. encoding
    • Balleine, B. W. & Ostlund, S. B. Still at the choice-point: action selection and initiation in istrumental conditioning. encoding. Ann. NY Acad. Sci. 110 4 , 147-171 (2007).
    • (2007) Ann. NY Acad. Sci. , vol.110 , Issue.4 , pp. 147-171
    • Balleine, B.W.1    Ostlund, S.B.2
  • 82
    • 28044450875 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Uncertainty-based competition between prefrontal and dorsolateral striatal systems for behavioral control
    • Daw, N. D., Niv, Y. & Dayan, P. Uncertainty-based competition between prefrontal and dorsolateral striatal systems for behavioral control. Nature Neurosci. 8, 1704-1711 (2005).
    • (2005) Nature Neurosci. , vol.8 , pp. 1704-1711
    • Daw, N.D.1    Niv, Y.2    Dayan, P.3
  • 83
    • 0037902552 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Controlled & automatic processing: Behavior, theory, and biological mechanisms
    • Schneider, W. & Chein, J. M. Controlled & automatic processing: behavior, theory, and biological mechanisms. Cogn. Sci. 27, 525-559 (2003).
    • (2003) Cogn. Sci. , vol.27 , pp. 525-559
    • Schneider, W.1    Chein, J.M.2
  • 84
    • 1642580578 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lesions of dorsolateral striatum preserve outcome expectancy but disrupt habit formation in instrumental learning
    • Yin, H. H., Knowlton, B. J. & Balleine, B. W. Lesions of dorsolateral striatum preserve outcome expectancy but disrupt habit formation in instrumental learning. Eur. J. Neurosci. 19, 181-189 (2004).
    • (2004) Eur. J. Neurosci. , vol.19 , pp. 181-189
    • Yin, H.H.1    Knowlton, B.J.2    Balleine, B.W.3
  • 85
    • 23244461369 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Blockade of NMDA receptors in the dorsomedial striatum prevents action-outcome learning in instrumental conditioning
    • Yin, H. H., Knowlton, B. J. & Balleine, B. W. Blockade of NMDA receptors in the dorsomedial striatum prevents action-outcome learning in instrumental conditioning. Eur. J. Neurosci. 22, 505-512 (2005).
    • (2005) Eur. J. Neurosci. , vol.22 , pp. 505-512
    • Yin, H.H.1    Knowlton, B.J.2    Balleine, B.W.3
  • 86
    • 23244452169 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of the dorsomedial striatum in instrumental conditioning
    • Yin, H. H., Ostlund, S. B., Knowlton, B. J. & Balleine, B. W. The role of the dorsomedial striatum in instrumental conditioning. Eur. J. Neurosci. 22, 513-523 (2005).
    • (2005) Eur. J. Neurosci. , vol.22 , pp. 513-523
    • Yin, H.H.1    Ostlund, S.B.2    Knowlton, B.J.3    Balleine, B.W.4
  • 87
    • 28944442093 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inactivation of dorsolateral striatum enhances sensitivity to changes in the action-outcome contingency in instrumental conditioning
    • Yin, H. H., Knowlton, B. J. & Balleine, B. W. Inactivation of dorsolateral striatum enhances sensitivity to changes in the action-outcome contingency in instrumental conditioning. Behav. Brain Res. 166, 189-196 (2006).
    • (2006) Behav. Brain Res. , vol.166 , pp. 189-196
    • Yin, H.H.1    Knowlton, B.J.2    Balleine, B.W.3
  • 88
    • 0030910984 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential roles of monkey striatum in learning of sequential hand movement
    • Miyachi, S., Hikosaka, O., Miyashita, K., Karadi, Z. & Rand, M. K. Differential roles of monkey striatum in learning of sequential hand movement. Exp. Brain Res. 11 5 , 1-5 (1997).
    • (1997) Exp. Brain Res. , vol.11 , Issue.5 , pp. 1-5
    • Miyachi, S.1    Hikosaka, O.2    Miyashita, K.3    Karadi, Z.4    Rand, M.K.5
  • 89
    • 0036361088 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential activation of monkey striatal neurons in the early and late stages of procedural learning
    • Miyachi, S., Hikosaka, O. & Lu, X. F. Differential activation of monkey striatal neurons in the early and late stages of procedural learning. Exp. Brain Res. 146, 122-126 (2002).
    • (2002) Exp. Brain Res. , vol.146 , pp. 122-126
    • Miyachi, S.1    Hikosaka, O.2    Lu, X.F.3
  • 90
    • 0035478011 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wisconsin Card Sorting revisited: Distinct neural circuits participating in different stages of the task identified by event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging
    • Monchi, O., Petrides, M., Petre, V., Worsley, K. & Dagher, A. Wisconsin Card Sorting revisited: distinct neural circuits participating in different stages of the task identified by event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging. J. Neurosci. 21 , 7733-7741 (2001).
    • (2001) J. Neurosci. , vol.21 , pp. 7733-7741
    • Monchi, O.1    Petrides, M.2    Petre, V.3    Worsley, K.4    Dagher, A.5
  • 91
    • 32044461347 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional role of the basal ganglia in the planning and execution of actions
    • Monchi, O., Petrides, M., Strafella, A. P. , Worsley, K. J. & Doyon, J. Functional role of the basal ganglia in the planning and execution of actions. Ann. Neurol. 59, 257-264 (2006).
    • (2006) Ann. Neurol. , vol.59 , pp. 257-264
    • Monchi, O.1    Petrides, M.2    Strafella, A.P.3    Worsley, K.J.4    Doyon, J.5
  • 92
    • 1242317825 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Striatal contributions to working memory: A functional magnetic resonance imaging study in humans
    • Lewis, S. J. G., Dove, A., Robbins, T. W., Barker, R. A. & Owen, A. M. Striatal contributions to working memory: a functional magnetic resonance imaging study in humans. Eur. J. Neurosci. 19, 755-760 (2004).
    • (2004) Eur. J. Neurosci. , vol.19 , pp. 755-760
    • Lewis, S.J.G.1    Dove, A.2    Robbins, T.W.3    Barker, R.A.4    Owen, A.M.5
  • 93
    • 0030898745 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anatomy of motor learning II. Subcortical structures and learning by trial and error
    • Jueptner, M., Frith, C. D., Brooks, D. J., Frackowiak, R. S. & Passingham, R. E. Anatomy of motor learning. II. Subcortical structures and learning by trial and error. J. Neurophysiol. 77, 1325-1337 (1997).
    • (1997) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.77 , pp. 1325-1337
    • Jueptner, M.1    Frith, C.D.2    Brooks, D.J.3    Frackowiak, R.S.4    Passingham, R.E.5
  • 94
    • 24644453515 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distinct basal ganglia territories are engaged in early and advanced motor sequence learning
    • Lehericy, S. et al. Distinct basal ganglia territories are engaged in early and advanced motor sequence learning. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci.USA 102, 12566-12571 (2005).
    • (2005) Proc. Natl Acad. Sci.USA , vol.102 , pp. 12566-12571
    • Lehericy, S.1
  • 95
    • 48549088919 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Calculating consequences: Brain systems that encode the causal effects of actions
    • Tanaka, S. C., Balleine, B. W. & O'Doherty, J. P. Calculating consequences: brain systems that encode the causal effects of actions. J. Neurosci. 28, 6750-6755 (2008).
    • (2008) J. Neurosci. , vol.28 , pp. 6750-6755
    • Tanaka, S.C.1    Balleine, B.W.2    O'Doherty, J.P.3
  • 96
    • 66449119919 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A specific role for posterior dorsolateral striatum in human habit learning
    • Tricomi, E., Balleine, B. W. & O'Doherty, J. P. A specific role for posterior dorsolateral striatum in human habit learning. Eur. J. Neurosci. 29, 2225-2232 (2009).
    • (2009) Eur. J. Neurosci. , vol.29 , pp. 2225-2232
    • Tricomi, E.1    Balleine, B.W.2    O'Doherty, J.P.3
  • 97
    • 0035379766 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A computational model of action selection in the basal ganglia. I. A new functional anatomy
    • Gurney, K., Prescott, T. J. & Redgrave, P. A computational model of action selection in the basal ganglia. I. A new functional anatomy. Biol. Cybern. 84, 401-410 (2001). (Pubitemid 33605190)
    • (2001) Biological Cybernetics , vol.84 , Issue.6 , pp. 401-410
    • Gurney, K.1    Prescott, T.J.2    Redgrave, P.3
  • 98
    • 0035379660 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A computational model of action selection in the basal ganglia. II. Analysis and simulation of behaviour
    • Gurney, K., Prescott, T. J. & Redgrave, P. A computational model of action selection in the basal ganglia. II. Analysis and simulation of behaviour. Biol. Cybern. 84, 411-423 (2001). (Pubitemid 33605191)
    • (2001) Biological Cybernetics , vol.84 , Issue.6 , pp. 411-423
    • Gurney, K.1    Prescott, T.J.2    Redgrave, P.3
  • 99
    • 33845662368 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A physiologically plausible model of action selection and oscillatory activity in the basal ganglia
    • Humphries, M. D., Stewart, R. D. & Gurney, K. N. A physiologically plausible model of action selection and oscillatory activity in the basal ganglia. J. Neurosci. 26, 12921-12942 (2006).
    • (2006) J. Neurosci. , vol.26 , pp. 12921-12942
    • Humphries, M.D.1    Stewart, R.D.2    Gurney, K.N.3
  • 102
    • 0042844724 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional connectivity between the superficial and deeper layers of the superior colliculus: An anatomical substrate for sensorimotor integration
    • Doubell, T. P. , Skaliora, I., Baron, J. & King, A. J. Functional connectivity between the superficial and deeper layers of the superior colliculus: an anatomical substrate for sensorimotor integration. J. Neurosci. 23, 6596-6607 (2003).
    • (2003) J. Neurosci. , vol.23 , pp. 6596-6607
    • Doubell, T.P.1    Skaliora, I.2    Baron, J.3    King, A.J.4
  • 103
    • 0034128696 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Composition and topographic organization of signals sent from the frontal eye field to the superior colliculus
    • Sommer, M. A. & Wurtz, R. H. Composition and topographic organization of signals sent from the frontal eye field to the superior colliculus. J. Neurophysiol. 83, 1979-2001 (2000).
    • (2000) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.83 , pp. 1979-2001
    • Sommer, M.A.1    Wurtz, R.H.2
  • 104
    • 0034913651 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Corticotectal and corticostriatal projections from the frontal eye fields of the cat: An anatomical examination using WGA-HRP
    • McHaffie, J. G., Thomson, C. M. & Stein, B. E. Corticotectal and corticostriatal projections from the frontal eye fields of the cat: an anatomical examination using WGA-HRP. Somatosens Mot. Res. 18, 117-130 (2001).
    • (2001) Somatosens Mot. Res. , vol.18 , pp. 117-130
    • McHaffie, J.G.1    Thomson, C.M.2    Stein, B.E.3
  • 105
    • 0036335298 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional anatomy of visual search: Regional segregations within the frontal eye fields and effective connectivity of the superior colliculus
    • Gitelman, D. R., Parrish, T. B., Friston, K. J. & Mesulam, M. M. Functional anatomy of visual search: regional segregations within the frontal eye fields and effective connectivity of the superior colliculus. Neuroimage 15, 970-982 (2002).
    • (2002) Neuroimage , vol.15 , pp. 970-982
    • Gitelman, D.R.1    Parrish, T.B.2    Friston, K.J.3    Mesulam, M.M.4
  • 106
    • 67849114106 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurobiological basis of controlling posture and locomotion
    • Takakusaki, K. & Okumura, T. Neurobiological basis of controlling posture and locomotion. Adv. Robot. 22, 1629-1663 (2008).
    • (2008) Adv. Robot. , vol.22 , pp. 1629-1663
    • Takakusaki, K.1    Okumura, T.2
  • 107
    • 68649126827 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Imaging neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease
    • Pavese, N. & Brooks, D. J. Imaging neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1792, 722-729 (2009).
    • (2009) Biochim. Biophys. Acta , vol.1792 , pp. 722-729
    • Pavese, N.1    Brooks, D.J.2
  • 108
    • 0028786098 scopus 로고
    • Clinical and [18F] dopa PET findings in early Parkinson's disease
    • Morrish, P. K., Sawle, G. V. & Brooks, D. J. Clinical and [18F] dopa PET findings in early Parkinson's disease. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. 59, 597-600 (1995).
    • (1995) J. Neurol. Neurosurg Psychiatr. , vol.59 , pp. 597-600
    • Morrish, P.K.1    Sawle, G.V.2    Brooks, D.J.3
  • 109
    • 0023874410 scopus 로고
    • Uneven pattern of dopamine loss in the striatum of patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease, Pathophysiologic and clinical implications
    • Kish, S. J., Shannak, K. & Hornykiewicz, O. Uneven pattern of dopamine loss in the striatum of patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease. Pathophysiologic and clinical implications. N. Engl. J. Med. 318, 876-880 (1988).
    • (1988) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.318 , pp. 876-880
    • Kish, S.J.1    Shannak, K.2    Hornykiewicz, O.3
  • 110
    • 0025954066 scopus 로고
    • Ageing and Parkinson's disease: Substantia nigra regional selectivity
    • Fearnley, J. M. & Lees, A. J. Ageing and Parkinson's disease: substantia nigra regional selectivity. Brain 11 4 , 2283-2301 (1991).
    • (1991) Brain , vol.11 , Issue.4 , pp. 2283-2301
    • Fearnley, J.M.1    Lees, A.J.2
  • 111
    • 0020029213 scopus 로고
    • The mysterious motor function of the basal ganglia: The Robert Wartenberg Lecture
    • Marsden, C. D. The mysterious motor function of the basal ganglia: the Robert Wartenberg Lecture. Neurology 32, 514-539 (1982).
    • (1982) Neurology , vol.32 , pp. 514-539
    • Marsden, C.D.1
  • 112
    • 72149101615 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Initial clinical manifestations of Parkinson's disease: Features and pathophysiological mechanisms
    • Rodriguez-Oroz, M. C. et al. Initial clinical manifestations of Parkinson's disease: features and pathophysiological mechanisms. Lancet Neurol. 8, 1128-1139 (2009).
    • (2009) Lancet Neurol. , vol.8 , pp. 1128-1139
    • Rodriguez-Oroz, M.C.1
  • 114
    • 0028131449 scopus 로고
    • Hypokinesia of associated movement in Parkinson's disease: A symptom in early stages of the disease
    • Hoshiyama, M., Kaneoke, Y., Koike, Y., Takahashi, A. & Watanabe, S. Hypokinesia of associated movement in Parkinson's disease: a symptom in early stages of the disease. J. Neurol. 241, 517-521 (1994).
    • (1994) J. Neurol. , vol.241 , pp. 517-521
    • Hoshiyama, M.1    Kaneoke, Y.2    Koike, Y.3    Takahashi, A.4    Watanabe, S.5
  • 115
    • 0029815726 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A neostriatal habit learning system in humans
    • Knowlton, B. J., Mangels, J. A. & Squire, L. R. A neostriatal habit learning system in humans. Science 273, 1399-1402 (1996).
    • (1996) Science , vol.273 , pp. 1399-1402
    • Knowlton, B.J.1    Mangels, J.A.2    Squire, L.R.3
  • 116
    • 52649133489 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The intrinsic and extrinsic aspects of freezing of gait
    • Hallett, M. The intrinsic and extrinsic aspects of freezing of gait. Mov. Disord. 23, S439-S443 (2008).
    • (2008) Mov. Disord. , vol.23
    • Hallett, M.1
  • 117
    • 72149122363 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effective connectivity of neural networks in automatic movements in Parkinson's disease
    • Wu, T. , Chan, P. & Hallett, M. Effective connectivity of neural networks in automatic movements in Parkinson's disease. Neuroimage 49, 2581-2587 (2010).
    • (2010) Neuroimage , vol.49 , pp. 2581-2587
    • Wu, T.1    Chan, P.2    Hallett, M.3
  • 118
    • 77249137294 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Concurrent discrimination learning in Parkinson's disease
    • Moody, T. D., Chang, G. Y., Vanek, Z. F. & Knowlton, B. J. Concurrent discrimination learning in Parkinson's disease. Behav. Neurosci. 124, 1-8 (2010).
    • (2010) Behav. Neurosci. , vol.124 , Issue.1-8
    • Moody, T.D.1    Chang, G.Y.2    Vanek, Z.F.3    Knowlton, B.J.4
  • 119
    • 15244346900 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lesion to the nigrostriatal dopamine system disrupts stimulus-response habit formation
    • Faure, A., Haberland, U., Conde, F. & El Massioui, N. Lesion to the nigrostriatal dopamine system disrupts stimulus-response habit formation. J. Neurosci. 25, 2771-2780 (2005).
    • (2005) J. Neurosci. , vol.25 , pp. 2771-2780
    • Faure, A.1    Haberland, U.2    Conde, F.3    El Massioui, N.4
  • 120
    • 0022500220 scopus 로고
    • Performance of simultaneous movements in patients with Parkinson's disease
    • Benecke, R., Rothwell, J. C., Dick, J. P., Day, B. L. & Marsden, C. D. Performance of simultaneous movements in patients with Parkinson's disease. Brain 109, 739-757 (1986).
    • (1986) Brain , vol.109 , pp. 739-757
    • Benecke, R.1    Rothwell, J.C.2    Dick, J.P.3    Day, B.L.4    Marsden, C.D.5
  • 121
    • 71849112219 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Motor learning in Parkinson's disease: Limitations and potential for rehabilitation
    • Nieuwboer, A., Rochester, L., Muncks, L. & Swinnen, S. P. Motor learning in Parkinson's disease: limitations and potential for rehabilitation. Parkinsonism Relat. Disord. 15, S53-S58 (2009).
    • (2009) Parkinsonism Relat. Disord. , vol.15
    • Nieuwboer, A.1    Rochester, L.2    Muncks, L.3    Swinnen, S.P.4
  • 122
    • 52649109805 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The clinical spectrum of freezing of gait in Parkinson's disease
    • Okuma, Y. & Yanagisawa, N. The clinical spectrum of freezing of gait in Parkinson's disease. Mov. Disord. 23, S426-S430 (2008).
    • (2008) Mov. Disord. , vol.23
    • Okuma, Y.1    Yanagisawa, N.2
  • 123
    • 0023105583 scopus 로고
    • Disturbance of sequential movements in patients with Parkinson's disease
    • Benecke, R., Rothwell, J. C., Dick, J. P., Day, B. L. & Marsden, C. D. Disturbance of sequential movements in patients with Parkinson's disease. Brain 110 , 361-379 (1987). (Pubitemid 17055817)
    • (1987) Brain , vol.110 , Issue.2 , pp. 361-379
    • Benecke, R.1    Rothwell, J.C.2    Dick, J.P.R.3
  • 124
    • 0022975390 scopus 로고
    • Movement preparation in Parkinson's disease. The use of advance information
    • Stelmach, G. E., Worringham, C. J. & Strand, E. A. Movement preparation in Parkinson's disease. The use of advance information. Brain 109, 1179-1194 (1986).
    • (1986) Brain , vol.109 , pp. 1179-1194
    • Stelmach, G.E.1    Worringham, C.J.2    Strand, E.A.3
  • 125
    • 52049105185 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Motor sequence learning and movement disorders
    • Doyon, J. Motor sequence learning and movement disorders. Curr. Opin. Neurol. 21, 478-483 (2008).
    • (2008) Curr. Opin. Neurol. , vol.21 , pp. 478-483
    • Doyon, J.1
  • 126
    • 70350678559 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Longitudinal progression of sporadic Parkinson's disease: A multi-tracer positron emission tomography study
    • Nandhagopal, R. et al. Longitudinal progression of sporadic Parkinson's disease: a multi-tracer positron emission tomography study. Brain 132, 2970-2979 (2009).
    • (2009) Brain , vol.132 , pp. 2970-2979
    • Nandhagopal, R.1
  • 127
    • 0032035202 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Provision of external cues and movement sequencing in Parkinson's disease
    • Rogers, M. A., Phillips, J. G., Bradshaw, J. L., Iansek, R. & Jones, D. Provision of external cues and movement sequencing in Parkinson's disease. Motor Control 2, 125-132 (1998).
    • (1998) Motor Control , vol.2 , pp. 125-132
    • Rogers, M.A.1    Phillips, J.G.2    Bradshaw, J.L.3    Iansek, R.4    Jones, D.5
  • 128
    • 0026637293 scopus 로고
    • Simple and choice reaction time and the use of advance information for motor preparation in Parkinson's disease
    • Jahanshahi, M., Brown, R. G. & Marsden, C. D. Simple and choice reaction time and the use of advance information for motor preparation in Parkinson's disease. Brain 11 5 , 539-564 (1992).
    • (1992) Brain , vol.11 , Issue.5 , pp. 539-564
    • Jahanshahi, M.1    Brown, R.G.2    Marsden, C.D.3
  • 129
    • 0031835226 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • From sensation to cognition
    • Mesulam, M. M. From sensation to cognition. Brain 121, 1013-1052 (1998).
    • (1998) Brain , vol.121 , pp. 1013-1052
    • Mesulam, M.M.1
  • 130
    • 0030711082 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional changes of brainstem reflexes in Parkinson's disease. Conditioning of the blink reflex R2 component by paired and index finger stimulation
    • Lozza, A., Pepin, J. L., Rapisarda, G., Moglia, A. & Delwaide, P. J. Functional changes of brainstem reflexes in Parkinson's disease. Conditioning of the blink reflex R2 component by paired and index finger stimulation. J. Neural Transm. 104, 679-687 (1997).
    • (1997) J. Neural Transm. , vol.104 , pp. 679-687
    • Lozza, A.1    Pepin, J.L.2    Rapisarda, G.3    Moglia, A.4    Delwaide, P.J.5
  • 131
    • 14544267665 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The neuroscience of mammalian associative learning
    • Fanselow, M. S. & Poulos, A. M. The neuroscience of mammalian associative learning. Annu. Rev. Psychol. 56, 207-234 (2005).
    • (2005) Annu. Rev. Psychol. , vol.56 , pp. 207-234
    • Fanselow, M.S.1    Poulos, A.M.2
  • 132
    • 0036114221 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emotion and motivation: The role of the amygdala, ventral striatum, and prefrontal cortex
    • Cardinal, R. N., Parkinson, J. A., Hall, J. & Everitt, B. J. Emotion and motivation: the role of the amygdala, ventral striatum, and prefrontal cortex. Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. 26, 321-352 (2002).
    • (2002) Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. , vol.26 , pp. 321-352
    • Cardinal, R.N.1    Parkinson, J.A.2    Hall, J.3    Everitt, B.J.4
  • 133
    • 33846077467 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Circuits and circuit disorders of the basal ganglia
    • DOI 10.1001/archneur.64.1.20
    • DeLong, M. R. & Wichmann, T. Circuits and circuit disorders of the basal ganglia. Arch. Neurol. 64, 20-24 (2007). (Pubitemid 46072419)
    • (2007) Archives of Neurology , vol.64 , Issue.1 , pp. 20-24
    • DeLong, M.R.1    Wichmann, T.2
  • 134
    • 58349115847 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The basal ganglia in Parkinson's disease: Current concepts and unexplained observations
    • Obeso, J. A. et al. The basal ganglia in Parkinson's disease: current concepts and unexplained observations. Ann. Neurol. 64, S30-S46 (2008).
    • (2008) Ann. Neurol. , vol.64
    • Obeso, J.A.1
  • 135
    • 0025854390 scopus 로고
    • Abnormal spontaneous activity of globus pallidus neurons in monkeys with MPTP-induced parkinsonism
    • Filion, M. & Tremblay, L. Abnormal spontaneous activity of globus pallidus neurons in monkeys with MPTP-induced parkinsonism. Brain Res. 547, 142-151 (1991).
    • (1991) Brain Res. , vol.547 , pp. 142-151
    • Filion, M.1    Tremblay, L.2
  • 136
    • 0034853535 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The subthalamic nucleus in Parkinson's disease: Somatotopic organization and physiological characteristics
    • Rodriguez-Oroz, M. C. et al. The subthalamic nucleus in Parkinson's disease: somatotopic organization and physiological characteristics. Brain 124, 1777-1790 (2001).
    • (2001) Brain , vol.124 , pp. 1777-1790
    • Rodriguez-Oroz, M.C.1
  • 137
    • 0036548771 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synchronized neuronal discharge in the basal ganglia of parkinsonian patients is limited to oscillatory activity
    • Levy, R., Hutchison, W. D., Lozano, A. M. & Dostrovsky, J. O. Synchronized neuronal discharge in the basal ganglia of parkinsonian patients is limited to oscillatory activity. J. Neurosci. 22, 2855-2861 (2002).
    • (2002) J. Neurosci. , vol.22 , pp. 2855-2861
    • Levy, R.1    Hutchison, W.D.2    Lozano, A.M.3    Dostrovsky, J.O.4
  • 138
    • 33646199407 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuronal firing before and after burst discharges in the monkey basal ganglia is predictably patterned in the normal state and altered in parkinsonism
    • Wichmann, T. & Soares, J. Neuronal firing before and after burst discharges in the monkey basal ganglia is predictably patterned in the normal state and altered in parkinsonism. J. Neurophysiol. 95, 2120-2133 (2006).
    • (2006) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.95 , pp. 2120-2133
    • Wichmann, T.1    Soares, J.2
  • 139
    • 77952341092 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coupling between β and high-frequency activity in the human subthalamic nucleus may be a pathophysiological mechanism in Parkinson's disease
    • Lopez-Azcarate, J. et al. Coupling between β and high-frequency activity in the human subthalamic nucleus may be a pathophysiological mechanism in Parkinson's disease. J. Neurosci. 30, 6667-6677 (2010).
    • (2010) J. Neurosci. , vol.30 , pp. 6667-6677
    • Lopez-Azcarate, J.1
  • 140
    • 0032513885 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What do the basal ganglia do?
    • Brown, P. & Marsden, C. D. What do the basal ganglia do? Lancet 351, 1801-1804 (1998).
    • (1998) Lancet , vol.351 , pp. 1801-1804
    • Brown, P.1    Marsden, C.D.2
  • 141
    • 0018958935 scopus 로고
    • A physiological mechanism of bradykinesia
    • Hallett, M. & Khoshbin, S. A physiological mechanism of bradykinesia. Brain 103, 301-314 (1980).
    • (1980) Brain , vol.103 , pp. 301-314
    • Hallett, M.1    Khoshbin, S.2
  • 142
    • 0028048143 scopus 로고
    • The function of the basal ganglia and the paradox of stereotaxic surgery in Parkinson's disease
    • Marsden, C. D. & Obeso, J. A. The function of the basal ganglia and the paradox of stereotaxic surgery in Parkinson's disease. Brain 11 7 , 877-897 (1994).
    • (1994) Brain , vol.11 , Issue.7 , pp. 877-897
    • Marsden, C.D.1    Obeso, J.A.2
  • 143
    • 38549167034 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low-pass filter properties of basal ganglia-cortical-muscle loops in the normal and MPTP primate model of parkinsonism
    • Rivlin-Etzion, M. et al. Low-pass filter properties of basal ganglia-cortical-muscle loops in the normal and MPTP primate model of parkinsonism. J. Neurosci. 28, 633-649 (2008).
    • (2008) J. Neurosci. , vol.28 , pp. 633-649
    • Rivlin-Etzion, M.1
  • 144
    • 39549087461 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Paradoxes of functional neurosurgery: Clues from basal ganglia recordings
    • Brown, P. & Eusebio, A. Paradoxes of functional neurosurgery: clues from basal ganglia recordings. Mov. Disord. 23, 12-20 (2008).
    • (2008) Mov. Disord. , vol.23 , pp. 12-20
    • Brown, P.1    Eusebio, A.2
  • 145
    • 18144433951 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microelectrode-guided pallidotomy: Technical approach and its application in medically intractable Parkinson's disease
    • Vitek, J. L. et al. Microelectrode-guided pallidotomy: technical approach and its application in medically intractable Parkinson's disease. J. Neurosurg. 88, 1027-1043 (1998).
    • (1998) J. Neurosurg. , vol.88 , pp. 1027-1043
    • Vitek, J.L.1
  • 147
    • 10644258699 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Athymhormia and disorders of motivation in Basal Ganglia disease
    • Habib, M. Athymhormia and disorders of motivation in Basal Ganglia disease. J. Neuropsychiatry Clin. Neurosci. 16, 509-524 (2004).
    • (2004) J. Neuropsychiatry Clin. Neurosci. , vol.16 , pp. 509-524
    • Habib, M.1
  • 148
    • 72249102382 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Occurrence and risk factors for apathy in Parkinson disease: A 4-year prospective longitudinal study
    • Pedersen, K. F., Alves, G., Aarsland, D. & Larsen, J. P. Occurrence and risk factors for apathy in Parkinson disease: a 4-year prospective longitudinal study. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. 80, 1279-1282 (2009).
    • (2009) J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. , vol.80 , pp. 1279-1282
    • Pedersen, K.F.1    Alves, G.2    Aarsland, D.3    Larsen, J.P.4
  • 149
    • 72149094883 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic dopaminergic stimulation in Parkinson's disease: From dyskinesias to impulse control disorders
    • Voon, V. et al. Chronic dopaminergic stimulation in Parkinson's disease: from dyskinesias to impulse control disorders. Lancet Neurol. 8, 1140-1149 (2009).
    • (2009) Lancet Neurol. , vol.8 , pp. 1140-1149
    • Voon, V.1
  • 150
    • 33847675011 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tonic dopamine: Opportunity costs and the control of response vigor
    • Niv, Y., Daw, N. D., Joel, D. & Dayan, P. Tonic dopamine: opportunity costs and the control of response vigor. Psychopharmacology (Berlin) 191, 507-520 (2007).
    • (2007) Psychopharmacology (Berlin) , vol.191 , pp. 507-520
    • Niv, Y.1    Daw, N.D.2    Joel, D.3    Dayan, P.4
  • 151
    • 9644289706 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional diversity and specificity of neostriatal interneurons
    • Tepper, J. M. & Bolam, J. P. Functional diversity and specificity of neostriatal interneurons. Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 14, 685-692 (2004).
    • (2004) Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. , vol.14 , pp. 685-692
    • Tepper, J.M.1    Bolam, J.P.2
  • 153
    • 70149094772 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Restriction of dopamine signaling to the dorsolateral striatum is sufficient for many cognitive behaviors
    • Darvas, M. & Palmiter, R. D. Restriction of dopamine signaling to the dorsolateral striatum is sufficient for many cognitive behaviors. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 106, 14664-14669 (2009).
    • (2009) Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA , vol.106 , pp. 14664-14669
    • Darvas, M.1    Palmiter, R.D.2
  • 154
    • 67650264886 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • L-dopa medication in Parkinson's disease restores activity in the motor cortico-striatal loop but does not modify the cognitive network
    • Jubault, T. , Monetta, L., Strafella, A. P. , Lafontaine, A. L. & Monchi, O. L-dopa medication in Parkinson's disease restores activity in the motor cortico-striatal loop but does not modify the cognitive network. PLoS ONE 4, e6154 (2009).
    • (2009) PLoS ONE , vol.4
    • Jubault, T.1    Monetta, L.2    Strafella, A.P.3    Lafontaine, A.L.4    Monchi, O.5
  • 155
    • 71849111287 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What can man do without basal ganglia motor output? the effect of combined unilateral subthalamotomy and pallidotomy in a patient with Parkinson's disease
    • Obeso, J. A. et al. What can man do without basal ganglia motor output? The effect of combined unilateral subthalamotomy and pallidotomy in a patient with Parkinson's disease. Exp. Neurol. 220, 283-292 (2009).
    • (2009) Exp. Neurol. , vol.220 , pp. 283-292
    • Obeso, J.A.1
  • 156
    • 77958461569 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Habitual versus goal-directed action control in Parkinson disease
    • 30 Apr doi:10.1162/jocn.2010.21514
    • de Wit, S., Barker, R. A., Dickinson, A. D. & Cools, R. Habitual versus goal-directed action control in Parkinson disease. J. Cogn. Neurosci. 30 Apr 2010 (doi:10.1162/jocn.2010.21514).
    • (2010) J. Cogn. Neurosci.
    • De Wit, S.1    Barker, R.A.2    Dickinson, A.D.3    Cools, R.4
  • 157
    • 48249091260 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Habits rituals, and the evaluative brain
    • An excellent review of habitual behaviour
    • Graybiel, A. M. Habits, rituals, and the evaluative brain. Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 31, 359-387 (2008). An excellent review of habitual behaviour.
    • (2008) Annu. Rev. Neurosci. , vol.31 , pp. 359-387
    • Graybiel, A.M.1
  • 158
    • 77952962412 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changing views of basal ganglia circuits and circuit disorders
    • DeLong, M. & Wichmann, T. Changing views of basal ganglia circuits and circuit disorders. Clin. EEG Neurosci. 41, 61-67 (2010).
    • (2010) Clin. EEG Neurosci. , vol.41 , pp. 61-67
    • Delong, M.1    Wichmann, T.2
  • 159
    • 77954611369 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brain structure in movement disorders: A neuroimaging perspective
    • Draganski, B. & Bhatia, K. P. Brain structure in movement disorders: a neuroimaging perspective. Curr. Opin. Neurol. 23, 413-419 (2010).
    • (2010) Curr. Opin. Neurol. , vol.23 , pp. 413-419
    • Draganski, B.1    Bhatia, K.P.2
  • 160
    • 84963072124 scopus 로고
    • Progressive lenticular degeneratio. A familial nervous disease associated with cirrhosis of the liver
    • Wilson, S. A. K. Progressive lenticular degeneratio. A familial nervous disease associated with cirrhosis of the liver. Brain 34, 295-507 (1912).
    • (1912) Brain , vol.34 , pp. 295-507
    • Wilson, S.A.K.1
  • 161
    • 0002637262 scopus 로고
    • Disorders of motility and tone
    • Wilson, S. A. K. Disorders of motility and tone. Lancet Neurol. 1, 1-103 (1925).
    • (1925) Lancet Neurol. , vol.1 , pp. 1-103
    • Wilson, S.A.K.1
  • 162
    • 77957184628 scopus 로고
    • Hemichorea resulting from a local lesion of the brain. (The syndrome of the body of Luys)
    • Purdon Martin, J. Hemichorea resulting from a local lesion of the brain. (The syndrome of the body of Luys). Brain 50, 637-651 (1927).
    • (1927) Brain , vol.50 , pp. 637-651
    • Purdon Martin, J.1
  • 163
    • 0001686234 scopus 로고
    • Hemichorea associated with a lesion of the corput Luysii
    • Purdon Martin, J. & Alcock, N. S. Hemichorea associated with a lesion of the corput Luysii. Brain 57, 504-516 (1934).
    • (1934) Brain , vol.57 , pp. 504-516
    • Purdon Martin, J.1    Alcock, N.S.2
  • 165
    • 0009639384 scopus 로고
    • Analysis of choreoid hyperkinesia in the Rhesus monkey; Surgical and pharmacological analysis of hyperkinesia resulting from lesions in the subthalamic nucleus of Luys
    • Carpenter, M. B., Whittier, J. R. & Mettler, F. A. Analysis of choreoid hyperkinesia in the Rhesus monkey; surgical and pharmacological analysis of hyperkinesia resulting from lesions in the subthalamic nucleus of Luys. J. Comp. Neurol. 92, 293-331 (1950).
    • (1950) J. Comp. Neurol. , vol.92 , pp. 293-331
    • Carpenter, M.B.1    Whittier, J.R.2    Mettler, F.A.3
  • 166
    • 0001491187 scopus 로고
    • Acute hemiballismus treated by ventrolateral thalamolysis
    • Martin, J. P. & McCaul, I. R. Acute hemiballismus treated by ventrolateral thalamolysis. Brain 82, 104-108 (1959).
    • (1959) Brain , vol.82 , pp. 104-108
    • Martin, J.P.1    McCaul, I.R.2
  • 167
    • 34250928307 scopus 로고
    • Distribution of noradrenaline and dopamine (3-hydroxytyramine) in the human brain and their behavior in diseases of the extrapyramidal system
    • Ehringer, H. & Hornykiewicz, O. Distribution of noradrenaline and dopamine (3-hydroxytyramine) in the human brain and their behavior in diseases of the extrapyramidal system. Klin. Wochenschr. 38, 1236-1239 (1960).
    • (1960) Klin. Wochenschr. , vol.38 , pp. 1236-1239
    • Ehringer, H.1    Hornykiewicz, O.2
  • 168
    • 73049129373 scopus 로고
    • The L-3,4-dioxyphenylalanine (DOPA)-effect in Parkinson-akinesia
    • Birkmayer, W. & Hornykiewicz, O. The L-3,4-dioxyphenylalanine (DOPA)-effect in Parkinson-akinesia. Wien Klin. Wochenschr. 73, 787-788 (1961).
    • (1961) Wien Klin. Wochenschr. , vol.73 , pp. 787-788
    • Birkmayer, W.1    Hornykiewicz, O.2
  • 170
    • 53149145972 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The history of dopamine and levodopa in the treatment of Parkinson's disease
    • Fahn, S. The history of dopamine and levodopa in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. Mov. Disord. 23, S497-S508 (2008).
    • (2008) Mov. Disord. , vol.23
    • Fahn, S.1
  • 172
    • 0017857415 scopus 로고
    • Striatal control of locomotion, intentional actions and of integrating and perceptive activity
    • Hassler, R. Striatal control of locomotion, intentional actions and of integrating and perceptive activity. J. Neurol. Sci. 36, 187-224 (1978).
    • (1978) J. Neurol. Sci. , vol.36 , pp. 187-224
    • Hassler, R.1
  • 173
    • 0347086138 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The primate basal ganglia: Parallel and integrative networks
    • Haber, S. N. The primate basal ganglia: parallel and integrative networks. J. Chem. Neuroanat. 26, 317-330 (2003).
    • (2003) J. Chem. Neuroanat. , vol.26 , pp. 317-330
    • Haber, S.N.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.