Evaluation of early dementia (Mild cognitive impairment)

PET Clinics

Volumn 5, Issue 1, 2010, Pages 15-31

  Osorio, R S ^a,b   Berti, V ^a,c   Mosconi, L ^a   Li, Y ^a   Glodzik, L ^a   De Santi, S ^a   De Leon, M J ^a,d  

^a Silberstein Alzheimer's Institute   (United States)

^b Instituto de Salud Carlos III   (Spain)

^c UNIVERSITY OF FLORENCE   (Italy)

^d NATHAN S KLINE INSTITUTE FOR PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH   (United States)

Author keywords

Dementia; Early diagnosis; Mild cognitive impairment; PET scan

Indexed keywords

2 (1 (6 [(2 FLUOROETHYL)(METHYL)AMINO] 2 NAPHTHYL)ETHYLDENE)MALONONITRILE F 18; AMYLOID; APOLIPOPROTEIN E4; FLUORODEOXYGLUCOSE F 18; PITTSBURGH COMPOUND B; TRACER; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

ALZHEIMER DISEASE; BRAIN REGION; COGNITION; COMPARATIVE STUDY; DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY; EARLY DIAGNOSIS; FAMILY HISTORY; GENOTYPE; HUMAN; MILD COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT; NEUROIMAGING; POPULATION RISK; POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; PREDICTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY;

EID: 77956623556     PISSN: 15568598     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.cpet.2009.12.003     Document Type: Review

References (116)

1. Alzheimer's Association 2009 Alzheimer's disease facts and figures Alzheimer's Dement 5 3 2009 234 270
2. H. Braak, and E. Braak Neuropathological stageing of Alzheimer-related changes Acta Neuropathol 82 1991 239 259
3. J.C. Morris, M. Storandt, and J.P. Miller Mild cognitive impairment represents early stage Alzheimer's disease Arch Neurol 58 2001 397 405 (Pubitemid 32217456)
4. D.R. Thal, E. Capetillo-Zarate, and K. Del Tredici The development of amyloid beta protein deposits in the aged brain Sci Aging Knowledge Environ 8 6 2006 1 7
5. J.E. Graham, K. Rockwood, and B.L. Beattie Prevalence and severity of cognitive impairment with and without dementia in an elderly population Lancet 349 9068 1997 1793 1796
6. B. Dubois 'Prodromal Alzheimer's disease': a more useful concept than mild cognitive impairment? Curr Opin Neurol 13 4 2000 367 369
7. J.C. Morris The Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR): current version and scoring rules Neurology 43 1993 2412 2414
8. B. Reisberg, S.H. Ferris, and A. Kluger Mild cognitive impairment (MCI): a historical perspective Int Psychogeriatr 20 1 2008 18 31
9. K. Ritchie, and J. Touchon Mild cognitive impairment: conceptual basis and current nosological status Lancet 355 9199 2000 225 228
10. E. Mariani, R. Monastero, and P. Mecocci Mild cognitive impairment: a systematic review J Alzheimers Dis 12 1 2007 23 35
11. B. Winblad, K. Palmer, and M. Kivipelto Mild cognitive impairment-beyond controversies, towards a consensus: report of the International Working Group on Mild Cognitive Impairment J Intern Med 256 3 2004 240 246
12. R.C. Petersen, G.E. Smith, and S.C. Waring Mild cognitive impairment: clinical characterization and outcomes Arch Neurol 56 3 1999 303 308
13. M. Ganguli, H.H. Dodge, and C. Shen Mild cognitive impairment, amnestic type: an epidemiologic study Neurology 63 1 2004 115 121
14. P.A. Boyle, R.S. Wilson, and N.T. Aggarwal Mild cognitive impairment: risk of Alzheimer disease and rate of cognitive decline Neurology 67 3 2006 441 445
15. R.C. Petersen, R. Doody, and A. Kurz Current concepts in mild cognitive impairment Arch Neurol 58 2001 1985 1992
16. C.J. Galton, K. Patterson, and J.H. Xuereb Atypical and typical presentations of Alzheimer's disease: a clinical, neuropsychological, neuroimaging and pathological study of 13 cases Brain 123 3 2000 484 498
17. A. Busse, A. Hensel, and U. Guhne Mild cognitive impairment: long-term course of four clinical subtypes Neurology 67 2006 2176 2185
18. V. Haroutunian, L.B. Hoffman, and M.S. Beeri Is there a neuropathology difference between mild cognitive impairment and dementia? Dialogues Clin Neurosci 11 2 2009 171 179
19. R.C. Petersen, J.E. Parisi, and D.W. Dickson Neuropathologic features of amnestic mild cognitive impairment Arch Neurol 63 5 2006 665 672
20. B. Reisberg, L. Prichep, and L. Mosconi The pre-mild cognitive impairment, subjective cognitive impairment stage of Alzheimer's disease Alzheimers Dement 4 1 Suppl 1 2008 S98 108
21. P.J. Whitehouse Mild cognitive impairment-a confused concept? Nat Clin Pract Neurol 3 2 2007 62 63
22. L. Mosconi Brain glucose metabolism in the early and specific diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. FDG-PET studies in MCI and AD Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 32 4 2005 486 510
23. D.H. Silverman, G.W. Small, and C.Y. Chang Positron emission tomography in evaluation of dementia: regional brain metabolism and long-term outcome JAMA 286 17 2001 2120 2127
24. L. Mosconi, R. Mistur, and R. Switalski FDG-PET changes in brain glucose metabolism from normal cognition to pathologically verified Alzheimer's disease Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 36 5 2009 811 822
25. M.D. Ikonomovic, W.E. Klunk, and E.E. Abrahamson Post-mortem correlates of in vivo PiB-PET amyloid imaging in a typical case of Alzheimer's disease Brain 131 Pt 6 2008 1630 1645
26. M.J. De Leon, S.H. Ferris, and A.E. George Computed tomography evaluations of brain-behavior relationships in senile dementia of the Alzheimer's type Neurobiol Aging 1 1 1980 69 79
27. L. Sokoloff Relation between physiological functions and energy metabolism in the central nervous system J Neurochem 29 1977 13 26
28. D. Attwell, and C. Iadecola The neural basis of functional brain imaging signals Trends Neurosci 25 12 2002 621 625
29. T. Gomez-Isla, J.L. Price, and D.W. McKeel Jr. Profound loss of layer II entorhinal cortex neurons occurs in very mild Alzheimer's disease J Neurosci 16 1996 4491 4500
30. K. Herholz PET studies in dementia Ann Nucl Med 17 2 2003 79 89
31. M.J. de Leon, A. Convit, and O.T. Wolf Prediction of cognitive decline in normal elderly subjects with 2-[18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose/positron-emission tomography (FDG/PET) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 98 2001 10966 10971
32. S. De Santi, M.J. de Leon, and H. Rusinek Hippocampal formation glucose metabolism and volume losses in MCI and AD Neurobiol Aging 22 2001 529 539
33. S. Minoshima, B. Giordani, and S. Berent Metabolic reduction in the posterior cingulate cortex in very early Alzheimer's disease Ann Neurol 42 1 1997 85 94
34. R.P. Friedland, A. Brun, and T.F. Budinger Pathological and positron emission tomographic correlations in Alzheimer's disease Lancet 26 1985 228
35. J.V. Pardo, J.T. Lee, and S.A. Sheikh Where the brain grows old: decline in anterior cingulate and medial prefrontal function with normal aging Neuroimage 35 3 2007 1231 1237
36. P.J. Nestor, P. Scheltens, and J.R. Hodges Advances in the early detection of Alzheimer's disease Nat Med 10 Suppl 2004 S34 S41
37. G. Chételat, B. Desgranges, and V. de la Sayette Mild cognitive impairment: can FDG-PET predict who is to rapidly convert to Alzheimer's disease? Neurology 60 8 2003 1374 1377
38. A. Drzezga, N. Lautenschlager, and H. Siebner Cerebral metabolic changes accompanying conversion of mild cognitive impairment into Alzheimer's disease: a PET follow-up study Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 30 2003 1104 1113
39. L. Mosconi, D. Perani, and S. Sorbi MCI conversion to dementia and the APOE genotype: a prediction study with FDG-PET Neurology 63 2004 2332 2340 (Pubitemid 40024346)
40. J.B. Langbaum, K. Chen, and W. Lee Categorical and correlational analyses of baseline fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography images from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) Neuroimage 45 2009 1107 1116
41. L. Mosconi, W.H. Tsui, and K. Herholz Multicenter standardized 18F-FDG PET diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment, Alzheimer's disease, and other dementias J Nucl Med 49 3 2008 390 398
42. P. Alexopoulos, T. Grimmer, and R. Perneczky Progression to dementia in clinical subtypes of mild cognitive impairment. Progression to dementia in clinical subtypes of mild cognitive impairment Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 22 1 2006 27 34
43. S. Berent, B. Giordani, and N. Foster Neuropsychological function and cerebral glucose utilization in isolated memory impairment and Alzheimer's disease J Psychiatr Res 33 1 1999 7 16
44. L. Mosconi, S. De Santi, and Y. Li Visual rating of medial temporal lobe metabolism in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease using FDG-PET Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 33 2006 210 221
45. B.R. Reed, W.J. Jagust, and J.P. Seab Memory and regional cerebral blood flow in mildly symptomatic Alzheimer's disease Neurology 39 1989 1537 1539
46. W. Jagust, A. Gitcho, and F. Sun Brain imaging evidence of preclinical Alzheimer's disease in normal aging Ann Neurol 59 4 2006 673 681
47. L. Mosconi, S. De Santi, and J. Li Hippocampal hypometabolism predicts cognitive decline from normal aging Neurobiol Aging 29 5 2008 676 692
48. K. Herholz, A. Nordberg, and E. Salmon Impairment of neocortical metabolism predicts progression in Alzheimer's disease Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 10 1999 494 504
49. E. Arnáiz, V. Jelic, and O. Almkvist Impaired cerebral glucose metabolism and cognitive functioning predict deterioration in mild cognitive impairment Neuroreport 12 4 2001 851 855
50. D.H. Silverman, C.T. Truong, and S.K. Kim Prognostic value of regional cerebral metabolism in patients undergoing dementia evaluation: comparison to a quantifying parameter of subsequent cognitive performance and to prognostic assessment without PET Mol Genet Metab 80 2003 350 355
51. D. Anchisi, B. Borroni, and M. Franceschi Heterogeneity of brain glucose metabolism in mild cognitive impairment and clinical progression to Alzheimer disease Arch Neurol 62 2005 1728 1733
52. A. Drzezga, T. Grimmer, and M. Riemenschneider Prediction of individual clinical outcome in MCI by means of genetic assessment and (18)F-FDG PET J Nucl Med 46 10 2005 1625 1632
53. M. Fouquet, B. Desgranges, and B. Landeau Longitudinal brain metabolic changes from amnestic mild cognitive impairment to Alzheimer's disease Brain 132 2009 2058 2067
54. Y. Yuan, Z.X. Gu, and W.S. Wei Fluorodeoxyglucose-positron-emission tomography, single-photon emission tomography, and structural MR imaging for prediction of rapid conversion to Alzheimer disease in patients with mild cognitive impairment: a meta-analysis AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 30 2009 404 410
55. E.H. Corder, A.M. Saunders, and W.J. Strittmatter Gene dose of apolipoprotein E type 4 allele and the risk of Alzheimer's disease in late onset families Science 261 5123 1993 921 923
56. L.A. Farrer, L.A. Cupples, and J.L. Haines Effects of age, sex, and ethnicity on the association between apolipoprotein E genotype and Alzheimer disease JAMA 278 16 1997 1349 1356
57. S.M. Laws, E. Hone, and S. Gandy Expanding the association between the APOE gene and the risk of Alzheimer's disease: possible roles for APOE promoter polymorphisms and alterations in APOE transcription J Neurochem 84 2003 1215 1236
58. L. Mosconi, S. De Santi, and M. Brys Hypometabolism and altered CSF markers in normal ApoE E4 carriers with subjective memory complaints Biol Psychiatry 63 6 2008 609 618
59. E.M. Reiman, R.J. Caselli, and L.S. Yun Preclinical evidence of Alzheimer's disease in persons homozygous for the E4 allele for apolipoprotein E N Engl J Med 334 1996 752 758
60. E.M. Reiman, R.J. Caselli, and K. Chen Declining brain activity in cognitively normal apolipoprotein E epsilon 4 heterozygotes: a foundation for using positron emission tomography to efficiently test treatments to prevent Alzheimer's disease Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 98 2001 3334 3339
61. E.M. Reiman, K. Chen, and G.E. Alexander Functional brain abnormalities in young adults at genetic risk for late-onset Alzheimer's dementia Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 101 2004 284 289
62. E.M. Reiman, A. Uecker, and R.J. Caselli Hippocampal volumes in cognitively normal persons at genetic risk for Alzheimer's disease Ann Neurol 44 1998 288 291
63. G.W. Small, J.C. Mazziotta, and M.T. Collins Apolipoprotein E type 4 allele and cerebral glucose metabolism in relatives at risk for familial Alzheimer disease JAMA 273 1995 942 947
64. R.J. Caselli, E.M. Reiman, and D.E. Locke Cognitive domain decline in healthy apolipoprotein E epsilon4 homozygotes before the diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment Arch Neurol 64 2007 1306 1311
65. E.M. Reiman, K. Chen, and G.E. Alexander Correlations between apolipoprotein E epsilon4 gene dose and brain-imaging measurements of regional hypometabolism Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 102 23 2005 8299 8302
66. I.I. Gottesman, and T.D. Gould The endophenotype concept in psychiatry: etymology and strategic intentions Am J Psychiatry 160 4 2003 636 645
67. L.A. Farrer, L.A. Cupples, and J.L. Haines Effects of age, sex, and ethnicity on the association between apolipoprotein E genotype and Alzheimer disease. A meta-analysis. APOE and Alzheimer Disease Meta Analysis Consortium JAMA 278 16 1997 1349 1356
68. L.A. Cupples, L.A. Farrer, and A.D. Sadovnik Estimating risk curves for first-degree relatives of patients with Alzheimer's disease: the REVEAL study Genet Med 6 4 2004 192 196
69. R.C. Green, L.A. Cupples, and R. Go MIRAGE Study Group. Risk of dementia among white and African American relatives of patients with Alzheimer disease JAMA 287 3 2002 329 336
70. J.M. Silverman, G. Ciresi, and C.J. Smith Variability of familial risk of Alzheimer disease across the late life span Arch Gen Psychiatry 62 5 2005 565 573
71. S.D. Edland, J.M. Silverman, and E.R. Peskind Increased risk of dementia in mothers of Alzheimer's disease cases: evidence for maternal inheritance Neurology 47 1996 254 256
72. D. Ehrenkrantz, J.M. Silverman, and C.J. Smith Genetic epidemiological study of maternal and paternal transmission of Alzheimer's disease Am J Med Genet 88 1999 378 382
73. L. Mosconi, M. Brys, and R. Switalski Maternal family history of Alzheimer's disease predisposes to reduced brain glucose metabolism Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 104 2007 19067 19072
74. L. Mosconi, R. Mistur, and R. Switalski Declining brain glucose metabolism in normal individuals with a maternal history of Alzheimer disease Neurology 72 2009 513 520
75. R.H. Swerdlow PET sheds light on Alzheimer's disease genetic risk Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 104 2007 18881 18882
76. W.E. Klunk, H. Engler, and A. Nordberg Imaging brain amyloid in Alzheimer's disease with Pittsburgh Compound-B Ann Neurol 55 2004 306 319
77. E.D. Agdeppa, V. Kepe, and J. Liu Binding characteristics of radiofluorinated 6-dialkylamino-2-naphthylethylidene derivatives as positron emission tomography imaging probes for beta-amyloid plaques in Alzheimer's disease J Neurosci 21 2001 1 5
78. G.W. Small, V. Kepe, and L.M. Ercoli PET of brain amyloid and tau in mild cognitive impairment N Engl J Med 355 2006 2652 2663
79. N.P. Verhoeff, A.A. Wilson, and S. Takeshita In-vivo imaging of Alzheimer disease beta-amyloid with [11C]SB-13 PET Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 12 2004 584 595
80. Y. Kudo, N. Okamura, and S. Forumoto 2-(2-[2-Dimethylaminothiazol-5-yl] ethenyl)-6-(2-[fluoro]ethoxy)benzoxazole: a novel PET agent for in vivo detection of dense amyloid plaques in Alzheimer's disease patients J Nucl Med 49 2007 554 561
81. C.C. Rowe, U. Ackerman, and W. Browne Imaging of amyloid beta in Alzheimer's disease with (18)F-BAY94-9172, a novel PET tracer: proof of mechanism Lancet Neurol 7 2008 129 135
82. M.A.M. Mintun, G.N. LaRossa, and Y.I.M. Sheline [11C]PIB in a nondemented population: potential antecedent marker of Alzheimer disease Neurology 67 2006 446 452
83. K.E. Pike, G. Savage, and V. Villemagne Beta-amyloid imaging and memory in non-demented individuals: evidence for preclinical Alzheimer's disease Brain 130 2007 2837 2844
84. C.C. Rowe, S. Ng, and U. Ackermann Imaging beta-amyloid burden in aging and dementia Neurology 68 2007 1718 1725
85. N. Kemppainen, S. Aalto, and I. Wilson Voxel-based analysis of PET amyloid ligand [11C]PIB uptake in Alzheimer disease Neurology 67 2006 1575 1580
86. A. Forsberg, H. Engler, and O. Almkvist PET imaging of amyloid deposition in patients with mild cognitive impairment Neurobiol Aging 29 10 2008 1456 1465
87. H.J. Aizenstein, R.D. Nebes, and J.A. Saxton Frequent amyloid deposition without significant cognitive impairment among the elderly Arch Neurol 65 11 2008 1509 1517
88. D.A. Wolk, J.C. Price, and J.A. Saxton Amyloid imaging in mild cognitive impairment subtypes Ann Neurol 65 2009 557 568
89. T. Grimmer, M. Riemenschneider, and H. Förstl Beta amyloid in Alzheimer's disease: increased deposition in brain is reflected in reduced concentration in cerebrospinal fluid Biol Psychiatry 65 11 2009 927 934
90. Y. Li, J.O. Rinne, and L. Mosconi Regional analysis of FDG and PIB-PET images in normal aging, mild cognitive impairment, and Alzheimer's disease Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 35 2008 2169 2181
91. K. Shoghi-Jadid, D. Small, and E.D. Agdeppa Localization of neurofibrillary tangles and beta-amyloid plaques in the brain of living patients with Alzheimer disease Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 10 2002 24 35
92. N. Tolboom, M. Yaqub, and W.M. van der Flier Detection of Alzheimer pathology in vivo using both 11C-PIB and 18F-FDDNP PET J Nucl Med 50 2 2009 191 197
93. M.J. de Leon, L. Mosconi, and J. Logan Seeing what Alzheimer saw Nat Med 13 2007 129 131
94. H. Engler, A. Forsberg, and O. Almkvist Two-year follow-up of amyloid deposition in patients with Alzheimer's disease Brain 129 Pt 11 2006 2856 2866
95. N.M. Kemppainen, S. Aalto, and I.A. Wilson PET amyloid ligand [11C]PIB uptake is increased in mild cognitive impairment Neurology 68 19 2007 1603 1606
96. J. Koivunen, T. Pirttilä, and N. Kemppainen PET amyloid ligand [11C]PIB uptake and cerebrospinal fluid beta-amyloid in mild cognitive impairment Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 26 4 2008 378 383
97. A. Okello, J. Koivunen, and P. Edison Conversion of amyloid positive and negative MCI to AD over 3 years. An 11C-PIB PET study Neurology 73 10 2009 754 760
98. V.J. Lowe, B.J. Kemp, and C.R. Jack Comparison of 18F-FDG and PiB PET in cognitive impairment J Nucl Med 50 2009 878 886
99. J. Shin, S.Y. Lee, and S.H. Kim Multitracer PET imaging of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in Alzheimer's disease Neuroimage 43 2 2008 236 244
100. S. Ng, V.L. Villemagne, and S. Berlangieri Visual assessment versus quantitative assessment of 11C-PIB PET and 18F-FDG PET for detection of Alzheimer's disease J Nucl Med 48 4 2007 547 552
101. G.D. Rabinovici, A.J. Furst, and J.P. O'Neil 11C-PIB PET imaging in Alzheimer disease and frontotemporal lobar degeneration Neurology 68 15 2007 1205 1212
102. S. Minoshima, N.L. Foster, and A.A. Sima Alzheimer's disease versus dementia with Lewy bodies: cerebral metabolic distinction with autopsy confirmation Ann Neurol 50 2001 358 365
103. J. Diehl-Schmid, T. Grimmer, and A. Drzezga Decline of cerebral glucose metabolism in frontotemporal dementia: a longitudinal 18F-FDG-PET-study Neurobiol Aging 28 2007 42 50 (Pubitemid 44791637)
104. H. Engler, A.F. Santillo, and S.X. Wang In vivo amyloid imaging with PET in frontotemporal dementia Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 35 1 2008 100 106
105. A. Drzezga, T. Grimmer, and G. Henriksen Imaging of amyloid plaques and cerebral glucose metabolism in semantic dementia and Alzheimer's disease Neuroimage 39 2 2008 619 633
106. K. Ishii, S. Sakamoto, and M. Sasaki Cerebral glucose metabolism in patients with frontotemporal dementia J Nucl Med 39 1998 1875 1878 (Pubitemid 28518885)
107. P. Edison, C.C. Rowe, and J.O. Rinne Amyloid load in Parkinson's disease dementia and Lewy Body dementia measured with [11C]PIB PET J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatr 79 2008 1331 1338
108. S.N. Gomperts, D.M. Rentz, and E. Moran Imaging amyloid deposition in Lewy body diseases Neurology 71 12 2008 903 910
109. L. Mosconi, M. Brys, and L. Glodzik-Sobanska Early detection of Alzheimer's disease using neuroimaging Exp Gerontol 42 1-2 2007 129 138
110. R.L. Albin, S. Minoshima, and C.J. D'Amato Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography in diffuse Lewy body disease Neurology 47 1996 462 466
111. B. Szelies, R. Mielke, and K. Herholz Quantitative topographical EEG compared to FDG PET for classification of vascular and degenerative dementia Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 91 1994 131 139
112. B.H. Guze, L.R. Baxter Jr., and J.M. Schwartz Changes in glucose metabolism in dementia of the Alzheimer type compared with depression: a preliminary report Psychiatry Res 40 1991 195 202
113. A. Lockhart, J.R. Lamb, and T. Osredkar PIB is a non-specific imaging marker of amyloid-beta (Abeta) peptide-related cerebral amyloidosis Brain 130 Pt 10 2007 2607 2615
114. W. Maetzler, I. Liepelt, and M. Reimold Cortical PIB binding in Lewy body disease is associated with Alzheimer-like characteristics Neurobiol Dis 34 1 2009 107 112
115. A.J. Hughes, S.E. Daniel, and S. Blankson A clinicopathologic study of 100 cases of Parkinson's disease Arch Neurol 50 1993 140 148
116. K.A. Jellinger, and C. Bancher Neuropathology of Alzheimer's disease: a critical update J Neural Transm Suppl 54 1998 77 95