A study of demographic embodiments of product recommendation agents in electronic commerce

International Journal of Human Computer Studies

Volumn 68, Issue 10, 2010, Pages 669-688

  Qiu, Lingyun ^a   Benbasat, Izak ^b  

^a Peking University   (China)

^b UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA   (Canada)

Author keywords

Anthropomorphic interface; Avatar; Electronic commerce; Ethnicity; Gender; Perceived enjoyment; Perceived usefulness; Product recommendation agent; Social presence

Indexed keywords

ANTHROPOMORPHIC INTERFACE; ANTHROPOMORPHIC INTERFACES; PERCEIVED ENJOYMENT; PERCEIVED USEFULNESS; PRODUCT RECOMMENDATION;

DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEMS; ELECTRONIC COMMERCE; POPULATION STATISTICS; SOCIAL ASPECTS;

INTELLIGENT AGENTS;

EID: 77955512189     PISSN: 10715819     EISSN: 10959300     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhcs.2010.05.005     Document Type: Article

References (139)

1. S. Al-Natour, I. Benbasat, and R. Cenfetelli The role of design characteristics in shaping perceptions of similarity: the case of online shopping assistants Journal of Association for Information Systems 7 12 2006 821 861
2. J. Alba, J. Lynch, B. Weitz, C. Janiszewski, R. Lutz, and A. Sawyer Interactive home shopping: consumer, retailer, and manufacturer incentives to participate in electronic marketplaces Journal of Marketing 61 3 1997 38 53
3. G.W. Allport The Nature of Prejudice 1954 Addison-Wesley Cambridge, MA, USA
4. A. Ansari, S. Essegaier, and R. Kohli Internet recommendation systems Journal of Marketing Research 37 August 2000 363 375
5. B.J. Babin, W.R. Darden, and M. Griffen Work and/or fun: measuring hedonic and utilitarian shopping value Journal of Consumer Research 20 4 1994 644 656
6. C. Bartneck, and J. Reichenbach Subtle emotional expressions of synthetic characters International Journal of HumanComputer Studies 62 2 2005 179 192
7. R.F. Baumeister, and M.R. Leary The need to belong: desire for interpersonal attachments as a fundamental human motivation Psychology Bulletin 117 3 1995 497 529
8. Baylor, A.L., Kim, Y., 2004. Pedagogical agent design: the impact of agent realism, gender, ethnicity, and instructional role, ITS 2004. In: Proceedings of the 7th International Conference in Intelligent Tutoring Systems. MaceiAlagoas, Brasil.
9. S.L. Bem The Lenses of Gender: Transforming the Debate on Sexual Inequality 1993 Yale University Press New Haven, Connecticut, USA
10. I. Benbasat, and H. Barki Quo vadis, TAM? Journal of Association for Information Systems 8 4 2007 211 218
11. D.C. Berry, L.T. Butler, and F. de Rosis Evaluating a realistic agent in an advice-giving task International Journal of HumanComputer Studies 63 3 2005 304 327
12. E. Berscheid, and E. Walster Interpersonal Attraction 2nd ed. 1978 Addison-Wesley Reading, MA, USA
13. M. Biernat, and T.K. Vescio Categorization and stereotyping: effects of group context on memory and social judgment Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 29 2 1993 166 202
14. F. Biocca The cyborg's dilemma: progressive embodiment in virtual environment Journal of Computer Mediated Communication 3 1997 2
15. S. Brave, C. Nass, and K. Hutchinson Computers that care: investigating the effects of orientation of emotion exhibited by an embodied computer agent International Journal of HumanComputer Studies 62 2 2005 161 178
16. M.B. Brewer The psychology of prejudice: ingroup love or outgroup hate? Journal of Social Issues 55 3 1999 429 444
17. N.J. Briton, and J.A. Hall Beliefs about female and male nonverbal communication Sex Roles 32 1 1995 79 90
18. T.C. Brock Communicatorrecipient similarity and decision change Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 1 6 1965 650 654
19. E.K. Broverman, S.R. Vogel, D.M. Broverman, F.E. Clarkson, and P.S. Rosenkrantz Sex-role stereotypes: a current appraisal Journal of Social Issues 28 2 1972 59 78
20. J.K. Burgoon Nonverbal signals M.L. Knapp, G.R. Miller, Handbook of Interpersonal Communication 1994 Sage Publications Thousand Oaks, CA 229 285
21. J.K. Burgoon, and L. Dillman Gender, immediacy, and nonverbal communication P.J. Kalbfleisch, M.J. Cody, Gender, Power and Communication in Human Relationships 1995 Erlbaum Hillsdale, NJ 63 81
22. D. Byrne The Attraction Paradigm 1971 Academic Press New York, NY, USA
23. D. Byrne, G. Clore, and P. Worchel The effect of economic similaritydissimilarity as determinants of attractions Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 4 2 1966 220 224
24. J. Cassell, and T. Bickmore External manifestations of trustworthiness in the interface Communications of the ACM 43 12 2000 50 56
25. T.L. Childers, C.L. Carr, J. Peck, and S. Carson Hedonic and utilitarian motivations for online retail shopping behavior Journal of Retailing 77 4 2001 511 535
26. W. Chin The partial least squares approach to structural equation modeling G.A. Marcoulides, Modern Methods for Business Research 1998 Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Hillsdale, NJ, USA 295 336
27. M.S. Clark, J. Mills, and M.C. Powell Keeping track of needs in communal and exchange relationships Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 51 2 1986 333 338
28. R.D. Clark, and A. Maass The role of social categorization and perceived source credibility in minority influence European Journal of Social Psychology 18 5 1988 381 394
29. J. Cohen Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences 2nd ed. 1988 Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Hillsdale, NJ
30. A.J. Cowell, and K.M. Stanney Manipulation of non-verbal interaction style and demographic embodiment to increase anthropomorphic computer character credibility International Journal of HumanComputer Studies 62 2 2005 281 306
31. D. Cyr, K. Hassanein, M. Head, and A. Ivanov The role of social presence in establishing loyalty in e-service environments Interacting with Computers 19 1 2007 43 56
32. F.D. Davis Perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use and user acceptance of information technology MIS Quarterly 13 3 1989 319 339
33. F.D. Davis, R.P. Bagozzi, and P.R. Warshaw Extrinsic and intrinsic motivation to use computers in the workplace Journal of Applied Social Psychology 22 14 1992 1111 1132
34. K.P. De Meuse A review of the effects of nonverbal cues on the performance appraisal process Journal of Occupational Psychology 60 3 1987 207 226
35. D.M. Dehn, and S. van Mulken The impact of animated interface agents: a review of empirical research International Journal of HumanComputer Studies 52 1 2000 1 22
36. H. Dittmar, K. Long, and R. Meek Buying on the internet: gender differences in on-line and conventional buying motivations Sex Roles 50 5/6 2004 423 444
37. S. Dwyer, O. Richard, and C.D. Shepherd An exploratory study of gender and age matching in the salesperson-prospective customer dyad: testing similarity-performance predictions Journal of Personal Selling and Sales Management 18 4 1998 55 69
38. P.M. Elsass, and L.M. Graves Demographic diversity in decision-making groups: the experiences of women and people of color Academy of Management Review 22 4 1997 946 973
39. F.B. Evans Selling as a dyadic relationship American Behavioral Scientist 6 5 1963 76 79
40. R.H. Fazio, and M.A. Olson Implicit measures in social research: their meaning and use Annual Review of Psychology 54 2003 297 327
41. L.R. Flynn, and R.E. Goldsmith A short reliable measure of subjective knowledge Journal of Business Research 46 1 1999 57 66
42. B.J. Fogg, and C. Nass Silicon sycophants: effects of computers that flatter International Journal of HumanComputer Studies 46 5 1997 551 561
43. S. Foley, F. Linnehan, J.H. Greenhaus, and C.H. Weer The impact of gender similarity, racial similarity, and work culture on family-supportive supervision Group and Organization Management 31 4 2006 420 441
44. G. Fontaine The experience of a sense of presence in intercultural and international encounters Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments 1 4 1992 482 490
45. D. Gefen, and D. Straub Gender differences in perception and adoption of e-mail: an extension to the technology acceptance model MIS Quarterly 21 4 1997 389 400
46. D. Gefen, and D. Straub Managing user trust in B2C e-services e-Service Journal 2 2 2003 7 24
47. R.T. Grenci, and P.A. Todd Solutions-driven marketing Communications of the ACM 45 3 2002 65 71
48. A. Gulz, and M. Haake Design of animated pedagogical agentsa look at their look International Journal of HumanComputer Studies 64 4 2006 322 339
49. J.F. Hair, R.E. Anderson, R.L. Tatham, and W.C. Black Multivariate Data Analysis 5th ed. 1998 Prentice-Hall Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, USA
50. U. Hanani, B. Shapira, and P. Shoval Information filtering: overview of issues, research and systems User Modeling and User-Adapted Interaction 11 3 2001 203 259
51. K. Hassanein, and M. Head The impact of infusing social presence in the web interface: an investigation across product types International Journal of Electronic Commerce 10 2 2006 31 55
52. G. Haubl, and V. Trifts Consumer decision making in online shopping environments: the effects of interactive decision aids Marketing Science 19 1 2000 4 21
53. C. Heeter Communication research on consumer VR F. Biocca, M.R. Levy, Communication in the Age of Virtual Reality 1995 Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc. Hillsdale, New Jersey 191 218
54. T.L. Henthorne, M.S. LaTour, and A.J. Williams Initial impressions in the organizational buyerseller dyad: sales management implications Journal of Personal Selling and Sales Management 12 2 1992 57 65
55. T.J. Hess, M. Fuller, and J. Mathew Involvement and decision-making performance with a decision aid: the influence of social multimedia, gender, and playfulness Journal of Management Information Systems 22 3 200506 15 54
56. G. Hofstede Culture's Consequences: International Differences in Work Related Values 1980 Sage Publications London
57. M. Hogg, and D. Abrams Social Identification 1988 Routledge London
58. M.A. Hogg, J.C. Turner, and B. Davidson Polarized norms and social frames of reference: a test of the self-categorization theory of group polarization Basic and Applied Social Psychology 11 1990 77 100
59. H. Ibarra Homophily and differential returns: sex differences in network structure and access in an advertising firm Administrative Science Quarterly 37 3 1991 422 447
60. M. Igbaria, J. Iivari, and H. Maragahh Why do individuals use computer technology? A Finnish case study Information and Management 29 5 1995 227 238
61. K. Isbister, and C. Nass Consistency of personality in interactive characters: verbal cues, non-verbal cues, and user characteristics International Journal of HumanComputer Studies 53 2 2000 251 267
62. S.L. Jarvenpaa, and P.A. Todd Consumer reactions to electronic shopping on the world wide web International Journal of Electronic Commerce 1 2 1997 59 88
63. S.L. Jarvenpaa, N. Tractinsky, and M. Vitale Consumer trust in an internet store Information Technology and Management 1 12 2000 45 71
64. Johnson, C.A., 2005. The North American consumer: online retail update, Research report: Forrester Research.
65. E. Jones, J.M. Moore, A.J.S. Stanaland, and R.A.J. Wyatt Salesperson race and gender and the access and legitimacy paradigm: does difference make a difference? Journal of Personal Selling and Sales Management 18 4 1998 71 88
66. E. Karahanna, and D. Straub The psychological origins of perceived usefulness and ease-of-use Information and Management 35 1999 237 250
67. S.Y.X. Komiak, and I. Benbasat The effects of personalization and familiarity on trust and adoption of recommendation agents MIS Quarterly 30 4 2006 941 960
68. M. Koufaris Applying the technology acceptance model and flow theory to online consumer behavior Information Systems Research 13 2 2002 205 233
69. N. Kumar, and I. Benbasat The influence of recommendations and consumer reviews on evaluations of websites Information Systems Research 17 4 2006 425 439
70. M. LaFrance, and N.M. Henley On oppressing hypotheses: or differences in nonverbal sensitivity revisited H.L. Radtke, H.J. Stam, Power/Gender: Social Relations in Theory and Practice 1994 Sage Ltd. London 287 311
71. P.F. Lazarsfeld, and R.K. Merton Friendship as a social process M. Berger, T. Abel, C.H. Page, Freedom and Control in Modern Society 1954 Van Nostrand Princeton, NJ 18 66
72. E.-J. Lee Effects of "gender" of the computer on informational social influence: the moderating role of task type International Journal of HumanComputer Studies 58 4 2003 347 362
73. E.-J. Lee, and C. Nass Experimental tests of normative group influence and representation effects in computer-mediated communication: when interacting via computers differs from interacting with computers Human Communication Research 28 3 2002 349 381
74. M.K.O. Lee, C.M.K. Cheung, and Z. Chen Acceptance of internet-based learning medium: the role of extrinsic and intrinsic motivation Information and Management 42 8 2005 1095 1104
75. Y. Lee, K.A. Kozar, and K.R.T. Larsen The technology acceptance model: past, present, and future Communication of the Association for Information Systems 12 2003 752 780
76. Y.T. Lee In-group preference and homogeneity among African American and Chinese American students Journal of Social Psychology 133 2 1993 225 235
77. Lester, J.C., Stone, B.A., 1997. Increasing believability in animated pedagogical agents. In: Paper presented at the 1st International Conference on Autonomous Agents, Marina Del Rey, CA, USA.
78. D. Li, P.Y.K. Chau, and H. Lou Understanding individual adoption of instant messaging: an empirical investigation Journal of the Association for Information Systems 6 4 2005 102 129
79. B. Lickel, D. Hamilton, G. Wieczorkowska, A. Lewis, S. Sherman, and A.N. Uhles Varieties of groups and the perception of group entitativity Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 78 2 2000 223 246
80. K.E. Link, R.J. Kreuz, A.C. Graesser, and T.T.R. Group Factors that influence the perception of feedback delivered by a pedagogical agent International Journal of Speech Technology 4 2 2001 145 153
81. M. Lombard, and T. Ditton At the heart of it all: the concept of presence Journal of Computer Mediated Communication 3 1997 2
82. P. Maes, R.H. Guttman, and A.G. Moukas Agents that buy and sell Communications of the ACM 42 3 1999 81 91
83. M. Masuda, R. Hasegawa, and G. Matsumoto The ethnic identity questionnaire: a comparison of three Japanese age groups in Tachikawa, Japan, Honolulu, and Seattle Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology 4 2 1973 229 244
84. C. Mathwick Understanding the online consumer: a typology of online relational norms and behavior Journal of Interactive Marketing 16 1 2002 40 55
85. R.E. Mayer, W.L. Johnson, E. Shaw, and S. Sandhu Constructing computer-based tutors that are socially sensitive: politeness in educational software International Journal of HumanComputer Studies 64 1 2006 36 42
86. H.M. McBreen, and M.A. Jack Evaluating humanoid synthetic agents in e-retail applications IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and CyberneticsPart A: Systems and Humans 31 5 2001 394 405
87. J.C. McElroy, P.C. Morrow, and S. Eroglu The atmospherics of personal selling Journal of Personal Selling and Sales Management 10 1 1990 31 41
88. D.M. Messick, and D.M. Mackie Intergroup relations Annual Review of Psychology 40 1989 45 81
89. Y. Moon Intimate exchanges: using computers to elicit self-disclosure from consumer Journal of Consumer Research 26 4 2000 323 339
90. R. Moreno, R.E. Mayer, H.A. Spires, and J.C. Lester The case for social agency in computer-based teaching: do students learn more deeply when they interact with animated pedagogical agents? Cognition and Instruction 19 2 2001 177 213
91. M.G. Morris, V. Venkatesh, and P.L. Ackerman Gender and age differences in employee decisions about new technology: an extension to the theory of planned behavior IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management 52 1 2005 69 84
92. S. Mulpuru US eCommerce: Five-Year Forecast and Data Overview 2006 Forrester Research Inc. Cambridge, MA
93. S. Mulpuru The State Of Retailing Online 2008: Marketing Report 2008 Forrester Research Inc. Cambridge, MA
94. C. Nass, K. Isbister, and E.-J. Lee Truth is beauty: researching embodied conversational agents J. Cassell, J. Sullivan, S. Prevost, E. Churchill, Embodied Conversational Agents 2000 MIT Press 374 402
95. C. Nass, and K. Lee Does computer-synthesized speech manifest personality? experimental tests of recognition, similarity-attraction, and consistency-attraction Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied 7 3 2001 171 181
96. C. Nass, and Y. Moon Machines and mindlessness: social responses to computers Journal of Social Issues 56 1 2000 81 103
97. J.C. Nunnally Psychometric Theory 2nd ed. 1978 McGraw Hill New York, NY
98. R.E. Pereira Influence of query-based decision aids on consumer decision making in electronic commerce Information Resource Management Journal 14 1 2001 31 48
99. R.E. Petty, and J.T. Cacioppo Communication and Persuasion: Central and Peripheral Routes to Attitude Change. 1986 Springer-Verlag New York, NY, USA
100. P.M. Podsakoff, S.B. MacKenzie, J.-Y. Lee, and N.P. Podsakoff Common method biases in behavioral research: a critical review of the literature and recommended remedies Journal of Applied Psychology 88 5 2003 879 903
101. P.M. Podsakoff, and D.W. Organ Self-report in organizational research: problems and prospect Journal of Management 12 4 1986 531 544
102. J.A. Pratt, K. Hauser, Z. Ugray, and O. Patterson Looking at humancomputer interface design: effects of ethnicity in computer agents Interacting with Computers 19 4 2007 512 523
103. L. Qiu, and I. Benbasat Evaluating anthropomorphic product recommendation agents: a social and relational perspective to designing information systems Journal of Management Information Systems 25 4 2009 145 181
104. B. Reeves, and C. Nass The Media Equation: How People Treat Computers, Television, and New Media like Real People and Places 1996 Cambridge University Press New York, NY, USA
105. K.E. Reynolds, and S.E. Beatty Customer benefits and company consequences of customersalesperson relationships in retailing Journal of Retailing 75 1 1999 11 32
106. K.E. Reynolds, and S.E. Beatty A relationship customer typology Journal of Retailing 75 4 1999 509 523
107. L.H. Rogler, R.S. Cooney, and V. Ortiz Intergenerational change in ethnic identity in the Puerto Rican family International Migration Review 14 2 1980 193 214
108. D. Rosenthal, and S. Feldman The nature and stability of ethnic identity in Chinese youth: effects of length of residence in two cultural contexts Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology 23 2 1992 214 227
109. L.A. Rudman, and S.A. Goodwin Gender differences in automatic in-group bias: why do women like women more than men like men? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 87 4 2004 494 509
110. Russo, J. E., 2002. Aiding purchase decisions on the internet. In: Paper presented at the Winter 2002 SSGRR (Scuola Superiore Giuseppe Reiss Romoli) International Conference on Advances in Infrastructure for Electronic Business, Education, Science, and Medicine on the Internet. L'Aquila, Italy.
111. J. Short, E. Williams, and B. Christie The Social Psychology of Telecommunication 1976 John Wiley & Sons London
112. S.J. Simon The impact of culture and gender on web sites: an empirical study The Data Base for Advances in Information Systems 32 1 2001 18 37
113. H.W. Simons, N.N. Berkowitz, and R.J. Moyer Similarity, credibility, and attitude change Psychology Bulletin 73 1970 1 16
114. J.B. Smith Buyerseller relationships: similarity, relationship management, and quality Psychology and Marketing 15 1 1998 3 21
115. L. Spangler Gender-specific nonverbal communication: impact for speaker effectiveness Human Resource Development Quarterly 6 4 1995 409 419
116. W. Stephan, and W.E. Beane The effects of belief similarity and ethnicity on liking and attributions for performance Interamerican Journal of Psychology 12 2 1978 153 159
117. D.W. Straub The effect of culture on IT diffusion: e-Mail and FAX in Japan and the US Information Systems Research 5 1 1994 23 47
118. H. Sun, and P. Zhang The role of moderating factors in user technology acceptance International Journal of HumanComputer Studies 64 2 2006 53 78
119. V. Swaminathan, E. Lepkowska-White, and B.P. Rao Browsers or buyers in cyberspace? An investigation of factors influencing electronic exchange Journal of Computer Mediated Communication 5 1999 2
120. H. Tajfel Social Identity and Intergroup Relations 1982 Cambridge University Press New York, NY, USA
121. H. Tajfel, and J.C. Turner The social identity theory of intergroup behavior S. Worchel, W.G. Austin, Psychology of Intergroup Relations 1986 Nelson-Hall Chicago, IL, USA 7 24
122. S.E. Taylor, S.T. Fiske, N.L. Etcoff, and A.J. Ruderman Categorical and contextual bases of person memory and stereotyping Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 36 7 1978 778 793
123. J. Taynor, and K. Deaux When women are more deserving than men: equity, attribution and perceived sex difference Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 28 1973 360 367
124. S. Ting-Toomey Ethnic identity and close friendship in ChineseAmerican college students International Journal of Intercultural Relations 5 4 1981 384 406
125. A.S. Tsui, and C.A. O'Reilly Beyond simple demographic effects: the importance of relational demography in superior-subordinate dyads Academy of Management Journal 32 2 1989 402 423
126. A.S. Tsui, K.R. Xin, and T.D. Egan Relational demography: the missing link in vertical dyad linkage S.E. Jackson, M.N. Ruderman, Diversity in work teams: Research paradigms for a changing workplace 1995 American Psychological Association Washington, DC 97 129
127. J.C. Turner Toward a cognitive redefinition of the social group H. Tafjfel, Social Identity and Intergroup Behavior 1982 Cambridge University Press Cambridge, UK 15 40
128. J.-Y. Tzeng Toward a more civilized design: studying the effects of computers that apologize International Journal of HumanComputer Studies 61 3 2004 319 345
129. P. Ullah Second generation Irish youth: identity and ethnicity New Community 12 2 1985 310 320
130. H. Van der Heijden Factors influencing the usage of websites: the case of a generic portal in the Netherlands Information and Management 40 6 2003 541 549
131. H. Van der Heijden User acceptance of Hedonic information systems MIS Quarterly 28 4 2004 695 704
132. V. Venkatesh, and M.G. Morris Why don't men ever stop to ask for directions? Gender, social influence, and their role in technology acceptance and usage behavior MIS Quarterly 24 1 2000 115 139
133. V. Venkatesh, M.G. Morris, G.B. Davis, and F.D. Davis User acceptance of information technology: toward a unified view MIS Quarterly 27 3 2003 425 478
134. W. Wang, and I. Benbasat Trust in and adoption of online recommendation agents Journal of the Association for Information Systems 6 3 2005 72 101
135. W. Wang, and I. Benbasat Recommendation agents for electronic commerce: effects of explanation facilities on trusting beliefs Journal of Management Information Systems 23 4 2007 217 246
136. R.A. Westbrook, and W.C. Black A motivation-based shopper typology Journal of Retailing 61 1 1985 78 103
137. A.G. Woodside, and J.W.J. Davenport The effect of salesman similarity and expertise on consumer purchasing behavior Journal of Marketing Research 11 2 1974 198 202
138. B. Xiao, and I. Benbasat Customer decision support systems for e-commerce: design and adoption of e-commerce product recommendation agents MIS Quarterly 31 1 2007 217 309
139. M.Y. Yi, and Y. Hwang Predicting the use of web-based information systems: self-efficacy, enjoyment, learning goal orientation, and the technology acceptance model International Journal of HumanComputer Studies 59 4 2003 431 449