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Volumn 12, Issue 10, 2010, Pages 2358-2361

Nickel- and copper-catalyzed direct alkynylation of azoles and polyfluoroarenes with terminal alkynes under O2 or atmospheric conditions

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACETYLENE; ALKYNE; COPPER; DRUG DERIVATIVE; FLUOROBENZENE; NICKEL; OXYGEN; PYRROLE DERIVATIVE;

EID: 77952339522     PISSN: 15237060     EISSN: 15237052     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/ol100699g     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (191)

References (40)
  • 20
    • 76149093845 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • During the preparation of this manuscript, two successful examples of the catalytic direct coupling of arenes with terminal alkynes have been reported. Au:
    • During the preparation of this manuscript, two successful examples of the catalytic direct coupling of arenes with terminal alkynes have been reported. Au: de Haro, T.; Nevado, C. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2010, 132, 1512
    • (2010) J. Am. Chem. Soc. , vol.132 , pp. 1512
    • De Haro, T.1    Nevado, C.2
  • 26
    • 77952364394 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • Other N-based ligands such as 1,10-phenanthroline and 2,2′-bipyridine resulted in the lower yield by ca. 10% and had no influence on product selectivity. The combination of toluene and LiO- t -Bu was necessary for the reaction. The use of polar solvents and other bases such as Na- or KO- t -Bu was detrimental due to the rapid decomposition of the starting materials.
  • 30
    • 77952415284 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • 2) complex has been reported.
  • 32
    • 77952362200 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • 2) complex as the active species.
  • 36
    • 60849127613 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A similar intermediate was proposed in other nickel-catalyzed reaction:
    • A similar intermediate was proposed in other nickel-catalyzed reaction: Yin, W.; He, C.; Chen, M.; Zhang, H.; Lei, A. Org. Lett. 2009, 11, 709
    • (2009) Org. Lett. , vol.11 , pp. 709
    • Yin, W.1    He, C.2    Chen, M.3    Zhang, H.4    Lei, A.5
  • 38
    • 69349094999 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • However, the mechanism involving nucleophilic attack of the nickel acetylide intermediate on azole is not completely discarded:
    • However, the mechanism involving nucleophilic attack of the nickel acetylide intermediate on azole is not completely discarded: Tobisu, M.; Hyodo, I.; Chatani, N. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2009, 131, 12070
    • (2009) J. Am. Chem. Soc. , vol.131 , pp. 12070
    • Tobisu, M.1    Hyodo, I.2    Chatani, N.3
  • 39
    • 77952367653 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • 2O, the reaction proceeded to give 11ad in a somewhat lower yield (ca. 40%). We do not have an explanation for the reason at this stage. The choice of solvent was also crucial. Less polar solvent such as toluene completely failed to lead to the formation of 11ad.
  • 40
    • 77952353895 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • The reaction with tri- and difluoroarenes or alkylalkynes was unsuccessful probably due to their insufficient acidities of C-H bonds.


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