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Pd: Seregin, I. V.; Ryabova, V.; Gevorgyan, V. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2007, 129, 7742
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Cu:
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Cu: Besseliévre, F.; Piguel, S. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2009, 48, 9553
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72949089743
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Au:
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Au: Brand, J. P.; Charpentier, J.; Waser, J. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2009, 48, 9346
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77949382971
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See also:
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See also: Dudnik, A. S.; Gevorgyan, V. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2010, 49, 2096
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Dudnik, A.S.1
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Kitahara, M.; Hirano, K.; Tsurugi, H.; Satoh, T.; Miura, M. Chem.- Eur. J. 2010, 16, 1772
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Kitahara, M.1
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19
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0035528961
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A gold-mediated process is also known:
-
A gold-mediated process is also known: Fuchita, Y.; Utsunomiya, Y.; Yasutake, M. J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans. 2001, 2330
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Fuchita, Y.1
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20
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76149093845
-
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During the preparation of this manuscript, two successful examples of the catalytic direct coupling of arenes with terminal alkynes have been reported. Au:
-
During the preparation of this manuscript, two successful examples of the catalytic direct coupling of arenes with terminal alkynes have been reported. Au: de Haro, T.; Nevado, C. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2010, 132, 1512
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Cu:
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Cu: Wei, Y.; Zhao, H.; Kan, J.; Su, W.; Hong, M. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2010, 132, 2522
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77952364394
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note
-
Other N-based ligands such as 1,10-phenanthroline and 2,2′-bipyridine resulted in the lower yield by ca. 10% and had no influence on product selectivity. The combination of toluene and LiO- t -Bu was necessary for the reaction. The use of polar solvents and other bases such as Na- or KO- t -Bu was detrimental due to the rapid decomposition of the starting materials.
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27
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33846064670
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30
-
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77952415284
-
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note
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2) complex has been reported.
-
-
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31
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54649084626
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Yao, S.; Bill, E.; Milsmann, C.; Wieghardt, K.; Driess, M. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2008, 47, 7110
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32
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77952362200
-
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note
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2) complex as the active species.
-
-
-
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33
-
-
84961981202
-
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2) complex with arylboronic acids
-
2) complex with arylboronic acids: Adamo, C.; Amatore, C.; Ciofini, I.; Jutand, A.; Lakmini, H. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2006, 128, 6829
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84966456767
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2
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2: Wilke, G.; Schott, H.; Heimbach, P. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1967, 6, 92
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Wilke, G.1
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0011504112
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Otsuka, S.; Nakamura, A.; Tatsuno, Y. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1969, 91, 6994
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Otsuka, S.1
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36
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60849127613
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A similar intermediate was proposed in other nickel-catalyzed reaction:
-
A similar intermediate was proposed in other nickel-catalyzed reaction: Yin, W.; He, C.; Chen, M.; Zhang, H.; Lei, A. Org. Lett. 2009, 11, 709
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Yin, W.1
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37
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77949840558
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Also see:
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Also see: Truong, T.; Alvarado, J.; Tran, L. D.; Daugulis, O. Org. Lett. 2010, 12, 1200
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Truong, T.1
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Daugulis, O.4
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38
-
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69349094999
-
-
However, the mechanism involving nucleophilic attack of the nickel acetylide intermediate on azole is not completely discarded:
-
However, the mechanism involving nucleophilic attack of the nickel acetylide intermediate on azole is not completely discarded: Tobisu, M.; Hyodo, I.; Chatani, N. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2009, 131, 12070
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Tobisu, M.1
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39
-
-
77952367653
-
-
note
-
2O, the reaction proceeded to give 11ad in a somewhat lower yield (ca. 40%). We do not have an explanation for the reason at this stage. The choice of solvent was also crucial. Less polar solvent such as toluene completely failed to lead to the formation of 11ad.
-
-
-
-
40
-
-
77952353895
-
-
note
-
The reaction with tri- and difluoroarenes or alkylalkynes was unsuccessful probably due to their insufficient acidities of C-H bonds.
-
-
-
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