메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 5, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 55-62

Insulin auto-immunity: Implications for the prevention of Type 1 diabetes mellitus

Author keywords

Immune tolerance; Immunotherapy; Insulin auto antibodies; Prevention therapy; Type 1 diabetes

Indexed keywords

HUMAN INSULIN; INSULIN; INSULIN ANTIBODY; PROINSULIN;

EID: 77649172757     PISSN: 1744666X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1586/1744666X.5.1.55     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (3)

References (48)
  • 1
    • 0033016840 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Autoantibody appearance and risk for development of childhood diabetes in offspring of parents with Type 1 diabetes
    • Ziegler A-G, Hummel M, Schenker M, Bonifacio E. Autoantibody appearance and risk for development of childhood diabetes in offspring of parents with Type 1 diabetes. Diabetes 48, 460-468 (1999).
    • (1999) Diabetes , vol.48 , pp. 460-468
    • Ziegler, A.-G.1    Hummel, M.2    Schenker, M.3    Bonifacio, E.4
  • 2
    • 2542505445 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brief communication: Early appearance of islet autoantibodies predicts childhood Type 1 diabetes in offspring of diabetic parents
    • Hummel M, Bonifacio E, Schmid S, Walter M, Knopff A, Ziegler A. Brief communication: early appearance of islet autoantibodies predicts childhood Type 1 diabetes in offspring of diabetic parents. Ann. Int. Med. 140(11), 882-886 (2004).
    • (2004) Ann. Int. Med. , vol.140 , Issue.11 , pp. 882-886
    • Hummel, M.1    Bonifacio, E.2    Schmid, S.3    Walter, M.4    Knopff, A.5    Ziegler, A.6
  • 3
    • 4043091960 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prediction of autoantibody positivity and progression to type 1 diabetes: Diabetes autoimmunity study in the young (DAISY)
    • Barker JM, Barriga KJ, Yu L et al. Prediction of autoantibody positivity and progression to type 1 diabetes: diabetes autoimmunity study in the young (DAISY). J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 89(8), 3896-3902 (2004).
    • (2004) J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. , vol.89 , Issue.8 , pp. 3896-3902
    • Barker, J.M.1    Barriga, K.J.2    Yu, L.3
  • 4
    • 0036775166 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Natural history of B-cell autoimmunity in young children with increased genetic susceptibility to Type 1 diabetes recruited from the general population
    • Kimpimaki T, Kulmala P, Savola K et al. Natural history of B-cell autoimmunity in young children with increased genetic susceptibility to Type 1 diabetes recruited from the general population. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 87(10), 4572-4579 (2002).
    • (2002) J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. , vol.87 , Issue.10 , pp. 4572-4579
    • Kimpimaki, T.1    Kulmala, P.2    Savola, K.3
  • 5
    • 34347353296 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Islet autoantibody development during follow-up of high-risk children from the general Norwegian population from three months of age: Design and early results from the MIDIA Study
    • Stene LC, Witso E, Torjesen PA et al. Islet autoantibody development during follow-up of high-risk children from the general Norwegian population from three months of age: design and early results from the MIDIA Study. J. Autoimmun. 29, 44-51 (2007).
    • (2007) J. Autoimmun. , vol.29 , pp. 44-51
    • Stene, L.C.1    Witso, E.2    Torjesen, P.A.3
  • 6
    • 0034652317 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early expression of antiinsulin autoantibodies of humans and the NOD mouse: Evidence for early determination of subsequent diabetes
    • Liping Y, Robles DT, Abiru N et al. Early expression of antiinsulin autoantibodies of humans and the NOD mouse: evidence for early determination of subsequent diabetes. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. 97(4), 1701-1706 (2000).
    • (2000) Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. , vol.97 , Issue.4 , pp. 1701-1706
    • Liping, Y.1    Robles, D.T.2    Abiru, N.3
  • 7
    • 48449094511 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the pathogenicity of autoantigen-specific T-cell receptors
    • Burton AR, Vincent E, Arnold PY et al. On the pathogenicity of autoantigen-specific T-cell receptors. Diabetes 57, 1321-1330 (2008).
    • (2008) Diabetes , vol.57 , pp. 1321-1330
    • Burton, A.R.1    Vincent, E.2    Arnold, P.Y.3
  • 8
    • 0031018819 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insulin expression in human thymus is modulated by INS VNTR alleles at the IDDM2 locus
    • Vafiadis P, Bennett S, Todd J et al. Insulin expression in human thymus is modulated by INS VNTR alleles at the IDDM2 locus. Nat. Genet. 15(3), 289-292 (1997).
    • (1997) Nat. Genet. , vol.15 , Issue.3 , pp. 289-292
    • Vafiadis, P.1    Bennett, S.2    Todd, J.3
  • 9
    • 0030175721 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Imprinted and genotype-specific expression of genes at the IDDM2 locus in pancreas and leukocytes
    • Vafiadis P, Bennett S, Colle E, Grabs R, Goodyer C, Polychronakos C. Imprinted and genotype-specific expression of genes at the IDDM2 locus in pancreas and leukocytes. J. Autoimmun. 9(3), 397-403 (1996).
    • (1996) J. Autoimmun. , vol.9 , Issue.3 , pp. 397-403
    • Vafiadis, P.1    Bennett, S.2    Colle, E.3    Grabs, R.4    Goodyer, C.5    Polychronakos, C.6
  • 10
    • 0034891347 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Class III alleles of the variable number tandem repeat insulin polymorphism associated with silencing of thymic insulin predispose to Type 1 diabetes
    • Vafiadis P, Ounissi-Benkalha H, Palumbo M et al. Class III alleles of the variable number tandem repeat insulin polymorphism associated with silencing of thymic insulin predispose to Type 1 diabetes. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 86(8), 3705-3710 (2001).
    • (2001) J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. , vol.86 , Issue.8 , pp. 3705-3710
    • Vafiadis, P.1    Ounissi-Benkalha, H.2    Palumbo, M.3
  • 11
    • 0030796631 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pancreatic gene expression in rare cells of thymic medulla: Evidence for functional contribution to T cell tolerance
    • Smith KM, Olson DC, Hirose R, Hanahan D. Pancreatic gene expression in rare cells of thymic medulla: evidence for functional contribution to T cell tolerance. Int. Immunol. 9(9), 1355-1365 (1997).
    • (1997) Int. Immunol. , vol.9 , Issue.9 , pp. 1355-1365
    • Smith, K.M.1    Olson, D.C.2    Hirose, R.3    Hanahan, D.4
  • 12
    • 0028301977 scopus 로고
    • T-cell tolerance toward a transgenic B-cell antigen and transcription of endogenous pancreatic genes in thymus
    • Jolicoeur C, Hanahan D, Smith KM. T-cell tolerance toward a transgenic B-cell antigen and transcription of endogenous pancreatic genes in thymus. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 91, 6707-6711 (1994).
    • (1994) Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA , vol.91 , pp. 6707-6711
    • Jolicoeur, C.1    Hanahan, D.2    Smith, K.M.3
  • 13
    • 0026688158 scopus 로고
    • Autoimmune diabetes as a consequence of locally produced interleukin-2
    • Heath WR, Allison J, Hoffmann MW et al. Autoimmune diabetes as a consequence of locally produced interleukin-2. Nature 359, 547-549 (1992).
    • (1992) Nature , vol.359 , pp. 547-549
    • Heath, W.R.1    Allison, J.2    Hoffmann, M.W.3
  • 14
    • 18744366947 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prime role for an insulin epitope in the development of type 1 diabetes in NOD mice
    • Nakayama M, Abiru N, Moriyama H et al. Prime role for an insulin epitope in the development of type 1 diabetes in NOD mice. Nature 435, 220-223 (2005).
    • (2005) Nature , vol.435 , pp. 220-223
    • Nakayama, M.1    Abiru, N.2    Moriyama, H.3
  • 15
    • 34547692897 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insulin as a T cell antigen in Type 1 diabetes supported by the evidence from the insulin knockout NOD mice
    • Moriyama H, Nagata M, Arai T et al. Insulin as a T cell antigen in Type 1 diabetes supported by the evidence from the insulin knockout NOD mice. Diabetes Res. Clin. Pract. 77(Suppl. 1), S155-S160 (2007).
    • (2007) Diabetes Res. Clin. Pract. , vol.77 , Issue.SUPPL. 1
    • Moriyama, H.1    Nagata, M.2    Arai, T.3
  • 16
    • 0036315824 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insulin expression levels in the thymus modulate insulin-specific autoreactive T-cell tolerance
    • Chentoufi AA, Polychronakos C. Insulin expression levels in the thymus modulate insulin-specific autoreactive T-cell tolerance. Diabetes 51, 1383-1390 (2002).
    • (2002) Diabetes , vol.51 , pp. 1383-1390
    • Chentoufi, A.A.1    Polychronakos, C.2
  • 17
    • 9144259736 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expression of preproinsulin-2 gene shapes the immune response to preproinsulin in normal mice
    • Faideau B, Briand S, Lotton C et al. Expression of preproinsulin-2 gene shapes the immune response to preproinsulin in normal mice. J. Immunol. 172(1), 25-33 (2004).
    • (2004) J. Immunol. , vol.172 , Issue.1 , pp. 25-33
    • Faideau, B.1    Briand, S.2    Lotton, C.3
  • 18
    • 33745320297 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tolerance to proinsulin-2 is due to radioresistant thymic cells
    • Faideau B, Lotton C, Lucas B et al. Tolerance to proinsulin-2 is due to radioresistant thymic cells. J. Immunol. 177(1), 53-60 (2006).
    • (2006) J. Immunol. , vol.177 , Issue.1 , pp. 53-60
    • Faideau, B.1    Lotton, C.2    Lucas, B.3
  • 19
    • 85047689216 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acceleration of Type 1 diabetes mellitus in proinsulin 2-deficient NOD mice
    • Thebault-Baumont K, Dubois-Laforgue D, Krief P et al. Acceleration of Type 1 diabetes mellitus in proinsulin 2-deficient NOD mice. J. Clin. Invest. 111(6), 851-857 (2003).
    • (2003) J. Clin. Invest. , vol.111 , Issue.6 , pp. 851-857
    • Thebault-Baumont, K.1    Dubois-Laforgue, D.2    Krief, P.3
  • 20
    • 33646513031 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A new model of insulin-deficient diabetes: Male NOD mice with a single copy of Ins1 and no Ins2
    • Babaya N, Nakayama M, Moriyama H et al. A new model of insulin-deficient diabetes: male NOD mice with a single copy of Ins1 and no Ins2. Diabetologia 49(6), 1222-1228 (2006).
    • (2006) Diabetologia , vol.49 , Issue.6 , pp. 1222-1228
    • Babaya, N.1    Nakayama, M.2    Moriyama, H.3
  • 21
    • 33845684328 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term prevention of diabetes and marked suppression of insulin autoantibodies and insulinitis in mice lacking native insulin B9-23 sequence
    • Nakayama M, Babaya N, Miao D et al. Long-term prevention of diabetes and marked suppression of insulin autoantibodies and insulinitis in mice lacking native insulin B9-23 sequence. Ann. NY Acad. Sci. 1079, 122-129 (2006).
    • (2006) Ann. NY Acad. Sci. , vol.1079 , pp. 122-129
    • Nakayama, M.1    Babaya, N.2    Miao, D.3
  • 22
    • 0028145676 scopus 로고
    • Insulin-specific T cells are a predominant component of islet infiltrates in pre-diabetic NOD mice
    • Wegmann D, Norbury-Glaser M, Daniel D. Insulin-specific T cells are a predominant component of islet infiltrates in pre-diabetic NOD mice. Eur. J. Immunol. 24(8), 1853-1857 (1994).
    • (1994) Eur. J. Immunol. , vol.24 , Issue.8 , pp. 1853-1857
    • Wegmann, D.1    Norbury-Glaser, M.2    Daniel, D.3
  • 23
    • 0028914351 scopus 로고
    • Epitope specificity, cytokine production profile and diabetogenic activity of insulin-specific T cell clones isolated from NOD mice
    • Daniel D, Gill R, Schloot N, Wegmann D. Epitope specificity, cytokine production profile and diabetogenic activity of insulin-specific T cell clones isolated from NOD mice. Eur. J. Immunol. 25(4), 1056-1062 (1995).
    • (1995) Eur. J. Immunol. , vol.25 , Issue.4 , pp. 1056-1062
    • Daniel, D.1    Gill, R.2    Schloot, N.3    Wegmann, D.4
  • 24
    • 48249109500 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conserved T cell receptor-chain induces insulin autoantibodies
    • Kobayashi M, Jasinski J, Liu E et al. Conserved T cell receptor-chain induces insulin autoantibodies. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 105(29), 10090-10094 (2008).
    • (2008) Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA , vol.105 , Issue.29 , pp. 10090-10094
    • Kobayashi, M.1    Jasinski, J.2    Liu, E.3
  • 25
    • 0034987197 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Peptide and major histocompatibility complex specific breaking of humoral tolerance to native insulin with the B:9-23 peptide in diabetes-prone and normal mice
    • Abiru N, Maniatis A, Yu L et al. Peptide and major histocompatibility complex specific breaking of humoral tolerance to native insulin with the B:9-23 peptide in diabetes-prone and normal mice. Diabetes 50(6), 1274-1281 (2001).
    • (2001) Diabetes , vol.50 , Issue.6 , pp. 1274-1281
    • Abiru, N.1    Maniatis, A.2    Yu, L.3
  • 26
    • 33845316086 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Responses against islet antigens in NOD mice are prevented by tolerance to proinsulin but not IGRP
    • Krishnamurthy B, Dudek NL, McKenzie MD et al. Responses against islet antigens in NOD mice are prevented by tolerance to proinsulin but not IGRP. J. Clin. Invest. 116(12), 3258-3265 (2006).
    • (2006) J. Clin. Invest. , vol.116 , Issue.12 , pp. 3258-3265
    • Krishnamurthy, B.1    Dudek, N.L.2    Mc Kenzie, M.D.3
  • 27
    • 44449148889 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Autoimmunity to both proinsulin and IGRP is required for diabetes in nonobese diabetic 8.3 TCR transgenic mice
    • Krishnamurthy B, Mariana L, Gellert SA et al. Autoimmunity to both proinsulin and IGRP is required for diabetes in nonobese diabetic 8.3 TCR transgenic mice. J. Immunol. 180, 4458-4464 (2008).
    • (2008) J. Immunol. , vol.180 , pp. 4458-4464
    • Krishnamurthy, B.1    Mariana, L.2    Gellert, S.A.3
  • 28
    • 4344690190 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mature high-affinity immune responses to (pro)insulin anticipate the autoimmune cascade that leads to Type 1 diabetes
    • Achenbach P, Koczwara K, Knopff A, Naserke H, Ziegler A-G, Bonifacio E. Mature high-affinity immune responses to (pro)insulin anticipate the autoimmune cascade that leads to Type 1 diabetes. J. Clin. Invest. 114(4), 589-597 (2004).
    • (2004) J. Clin. Invest. , vol.114 , Issue.4 , pp. 589-597
    • Achenbach, P.1    Koczwara, K.2    Knopff, A.3    Naserke, H.4    Ziegler, A.-G.5    Bonifacio, E.6
  • 29
    • 18744385526 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expanded T cells from pancreatic lymph nodes of Type 1 diabetic subjects recognize an insulin epitope
    • Kent SC, Chen Y, Bregoli L et al. Expanded T cells from pancreatic lymph nodes of Type 1 diabetic subjects recognize an insulin epitope. Nature 435, 224-228 (2005).
    • (2005) Nature , vol.435 , pp. 224-228
    • Kent, S.C.1    Chen, Y.2    Bregoli, L.3
  • 30
    • 85047690395 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Autoreactive T cell responses show proinflammatory polarization in diabetes but a regulatory phenotype in health
    • Arif S, Tree T, Astill T et al. Autoreactive T cell responses show proinflammatory polarization in diabetes but a regulatory phenotype in health. J. Clin. Invest. 113(3), 346-349 (2004).
    • (2004) J. Clin. Invest. , vol.113 , Issue.3 , pp. 346-349
    • Arif, S.1    Tree, T.2    Astill, T.3
  • 31
    • 0030069688 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protection of nonobese diabetic mice from diabetes by intranasal or subcutaneous administration of insulin peptide B-(9-23)
    • Daniel D, Wegmann DR. Protection of nonobese diabetic mice from diabetes by intranasal or subcutaneous administration of insulin peptide B-(9-23). Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 93, 956-960 (1996).
    • (1996) Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA , vol.93 , pp. 956-960
    • Daniel, D.1    Wegmann, D.R.2
  • 32
    • 33645788313 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intranasal vaccination with proinsulin DNA induces regulatory CD4 T cells that prevent experimental autoimmune diabetes
    • Every AL, Kramer DR, Mannering SI, Lew AM, Harrison LC. Intranasal vaccination with proinsulin DNA induces regulatory CD4 T cells that prevent experimental autoimmune diabetes. J. Immunol. 176, 4608-4615 (2006).
    • (2006) J. Immunol. , vol.176 , pp. 4608-4615
    • Every, A.L.1    Kramer, D.R.2    Mannering, S.I.3    Lew, A.M.4    Harrison, L.C.5
  • 33
    • 0032758223 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oral administration of cholera toxin B-insulin conjugates protects NOD mice from autoimmune diabetes by inducing CD4 regulatory T-cells
    • Ploix C, Bergerot I, Durand A, Czerkinsky C, Holmgren J, Thivolet C. Oral administration of cholera toxin B-insulin conjugates protects NOD mice from autoimmune diabetes by inducing CD4 regulatory T-cells. Diabetes 48, 2150-2156 (1999).
    • (1999) Diabetes , vol.48 , pp. 2150-2156
    • Ploix, C.1    Bergerot, I.2    Durand, A.3    Czerkinsky, C.4    Holmgren, J.5    Thivolet, C.6
  • 34
    • 34848817986 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Altered B:9-23 insulin, when administered intranasally with cholera toxin adjuVan t, supresses the expression of insulin autoantibodies and prevents diabetes
    • Kobayashi M, Abiru N, Arakawa T et al. Altered B:9-23 insulin, when administered intranasally with cholera toxin adjuVan t, supresses the expression of insulin autoantibodies and prevents diabetes. J. Immunol. 179, 2082-2088 (2007).
    • (2007) J. Immunol. , vol.179 , pp. 2082-2088
    • Kobayashi, M.1    Abiru, N.2    Arakawa, T.3
  • 35
    • 33646430866 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • TGF-b signaling is required for the function of insulin-reactive T regulatory cells
    • Du W, Wong FS, Li MO et al. TGF-b signaling is required for the function of insulin-reactive T regulatory cells. J. Clin. Invest. 116(5), 1360-1370 (2006).
    • (2006) J. Clin. Invest. , vol.116 , Issue.5 , pp. 1360-1370
    • Du, W.1    Wong, F.S.2    Li, M.O.3
  • 36
    • 34248593473 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Converting antigen-specific diabetogenic CD4 and CD8 T cells to TGF-producing non-pathogenic regulatory cells folllowing FoxP3 transduction
    • Peng J, Dicker B, Du W et al. Converting antigen-specific diabetogenic CD4 and CD8 T cells to TGF-producing non-pathogenic regulatory cells folllowing FoxP3 transduction. J. Autoimmun. 28, 188-200 (2007).
    • (2007) J. Autoimmun. , vol.28 , pp. 188-200
    • Peng, J.1    Dicker, B.2    Du, W.3
  • 37
    • 33646392755 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anti-CD3 and nasal proinsulin combination therapy enhances remission from recent-onset autoimmune diabetes by inducing Tregs
    • Bresson D, Togher L, Rodrigo E et al. Anti-CD3 and nasal proinsulin combination therapy enhances remission from recent-onset autoimmune diabetes by inducing Tregs. J. Clin. Invest. 116(5), 1371-1381 (2006).
    • (2006) J. Clin. Invest. , vol.116 , Issue.5 , pp. 1371-1381
    • Bresson, D.1    Togher, L.2    Rodrigo, E.3
  • 38
    • 0032877655 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insulin B-chain reactive CD4 regulatory T-cells induced by oral insulin treatment protect from Type 1 diabetes by blocking the cytokine secretion and pancreatic infiltration of diabetogenic effector T-cells
    • Bergerot I, Arreaza GA, Cameron MJ et al. Insulin B-chain reactive CD4 regulatory T-cells induced by oral insulin treatment protect from Type 1 diabetes by blocking the cytokine secretion and pancreatic infiltration of diabetogenic effector T-cells. Diabetes 48, 1720-1729 (1999).
    • (1999) Diabetes , vol.48 , pp. 1720-1729
    • Bergerot, I.1    Arreaza, G.A.2    Cameron, M.J.3
  • 39
    • 0033566743 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insulin in oral immune "tolerance": A one-amino acid change in the B chain makes the difference
    • Homann D, Dyrberg T, Petersen J, Oldstone MB, Von Herrath MG. Insulin in oral immune "tolerance": a one-amino acid change in the B chain makes the difference. J. Immunol. 163, 1833-1838 (1999).
    • (1999) J. Immunol. , vol.163 , pp. 1833-1838
    • Homann, D.1    Dyrberg, T.2    Petersen, J.3    Oldstone, M.B.4    Von Herrath, M.G.5
  • 40
    • 0029744298 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oral insulin treatment suppresses virus-induced antigen-specific destruction of cells and prevents autoimmune diabetes in transgenic mice
    • Von Herrath M, Dyrberg T, Oldstone M. Oral insulin treatment suppresses virus-induced antigen-specific destruction of ? cells and prevents autoimmune diabetes in transgenic mice. J. Clin. Invest. 98, 1324-1331 (1996).
    • (1996) J. Clin. Invest. , vol.98 , pp. 1324-1331
    • Von Herrath, M.1    Dyrberg, T.2    Oldstone, M.3
  • 41
    • 18144391496 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of oral insulin in relatives of patients with Type 1 diabetes
    • for The Diabetes Prevention Trial - Type 1 Study Group
    • Skyler JS, Krischer JP, Wolfsdorf J et al.; for The Diabetes Prevention Trial - Type 1 Study Group. Effects of oral insulin in relatives of patients with Type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Care 28(5), 1068-1076 (2005).
    • (2005) Diabetes Care , vol.28 , Issue.5 , pp. 1068-1076
    • Skyler, J.S.1    Krischer, J.P.2    Wolfsdorf, J.3
  • 42
    • 0037198433 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of insulin in relatives of patients with Type 1 diabetes mellitus
    • Group DPT-TDS
    • Group DPT-TDS. Effects of insulin in relatives of patients with Type 1 diabetes mellitus. N. Engl. J. Med. 346(22), 1685-1691 (2002).
    • (2002) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.346 , Issue.22 , pp. 1685-1691
  • 43
    • 4644230843 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pancreatic B-cell function and immune responses to insulin after administration of intranasal insulin to humans at risk for Type 1 diabetes
    • Harrison LC, Honeyman MC, Steele CE et al. Pancreatic B-cell function and immune responses to insulin after administration of intranasal insulin to humans at risk for Type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Care 27(10), 2348-2355 (2004).
    • (2004) Diabetes Care , vol.27 , Issue.10 , pp. 2348-2355
    • Harrison, L.C.1    Honeyman, M.C.2    Steele, C.E.3
  • 44
    • 39749137516 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vaccination against self to prevent autoimmune disease: The Type 1 diabetes model
    • Harrison LC. Vaccination against self to prevent autoimmune disease: the Type 1 diabetes model. Immunol. Cell Biol. 86, 139-145 (2008).
    • (2008) Immunol. Cell Biol. , vol.86 , pp. 139-145
    • Harrison, L.C.1
  • 45
    • 55749104546 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nasal insulin to prevent Type 1 diabetes in children with la genotypes and autoantibodies conferring increased risk of disease: A double-blind, randomised controlled trial
    • Näntö-Salonen K, Kupila A, Simell S et al. Nasal insulin to prevent Type 1 diabetes in children with LA genotypes and autoantibodies conferring increased risk of disease: a double-blind, randomised controlled trial. Lancet 372(9651), 1746-1755 (2008).
    • (2008) Lancet , vol.372 , Issue.9651 , pp. 1746-1755
    • Näntö-Salonen, K.1    Kupila, A.2    Simell, S.3
  • 46
    • 23844525846 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comprehensive review of interventions in the NOD mouse and implications for translation
    • Shoda LK, Young DL, Ramanujan S et al. A comprehensive review of interventions in the NOD mouse and implications for translation. Immunity 23, 115-126 (2005).
    • (2005) Immunity , vol.23 , pp. 115-126
    • Shoda, L.K.1    Young, D.L.2    Ramanujan, S.3
  • 47
    • 44849138907 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modulating the natural history of Type 1 diabetes in children at high genetic risk by mucosal insulin immunization
    • Pre-POINT Study Group
    • Achenbach P, Barker J, Bonifacio E; Pre-POINT Study Group. Modulating the natural history of Type 1 diabetes in children at high genetic risk by mucosal insulin immunization. Curr. Diabetes Rep. 8(2), 87-93 (2008).
    • (2008) Curr. Diabetes Rep. , vol.8 , Issue.2 , pp. 87-93
    • Achenbach, P.1    Barker, J.2    Bonifacio, E.3
  • 48
    • 0141725404 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intranasally administered insulin intended for prevention of Type 1 diabetes - A safety study in healthy adults
    • Kupila A, Sipila J, Keskinen P et al. Intranasally administered insulin intended for prevention of Type 1 diabetes - a safety study in healthy adults. Diabetes Metab. Res. Rev. 19, 415-420 (2003).
    • (2003) Diabetes Metab. Res. Rev. , vol.19 , pp. 415-420
    • Kupila, A.1    Sipila, J.2    Keskinen, P.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.