메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 38, Issue 2, 2010, Pages 602-611

Increasing intravenous glucose load in the presence of normoglycemia: Effect on outcome and metabolism in critically ill rabbits

Author keywords

Critical illness; Hyperglycemia; Insulin; Intravenous nutrition; Muscle catabolism

Indexed keywords

CALPAIN 1; CATHEPSIN L; GLUCOSE; INSULIN; MESSENGER RNA; SOMATOMEDIN C; THYROID HORMONE;

EID: 74949108552     PISSN: 00903493     EISSN: 15300293     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/CCM.0b013e3181c03f65     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (24)

References (60)
  • 1
    • 33750117164 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risks and benefits of nutritional support during critical illness
    • Debaveye Y, Van den Berghe G: Risks and benefits of nutritional support during critical illness. Annu Rev Nutr 2006; 26:513-538
    • (2006) Annu Rev Nutr , vol.26 , pp. 513-538
    • Debaveye, Y.1    Van Den Berghe, G.2
  • 2
    • 0023263008 scopus 로고
    • Aggressive nutritional support does not prevent protein loss despite fat gain in septic intensive care patients
    • Streat SJ, Beddoe AH, Hill GL: Aggressive nutritional support does not prevent protein loss despite fat gain in septic intensive care patients. J Trauma 1987; 27:262-266
    • (1987) J Trauma , vol.27 , pp. 262-266
    • Streat, S.J.1    Beddoe, A.H.2    Hill, G.L.3
  • 3
    • 13944259483 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hormonal and metabolic strategies to attenuate catab-olism in critically ill patients
    • Vanhorebeek I, Van den Berghe G: Hormonal and metabolic strategies to attenuate catab-olism in critically ill patients. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2004; 4:621-628
    • (2004) Curr Opin Pharmacol , vol.4 , pp. 621-628
    • Vanhorebeek, I.1    Van Den Berghe, G.2
  • 5
    • 0029883726 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Muscle wasting in a rat model of long-lasting sepsis results from the activation of lysosomal, Ca2+-activated, and ubiquitin-protea-some proteolytic pathways
    • Voisin L, Breuille D, Combaret L, et al: Muscle wasting in a rat model of long-lasting sepsis results from the activation of lysosomal, Ca2+-activated, and ubiquitin-protea-some proteolytic pathways. J Clin Invest 1996; 97:1610-1617
    • (1996) J Clin Invest , vol.97 , pp. 1610-1617
    • Voisin, L.1    Breuille, D.2    Combaret, L.3
  • 6
    • 0029924205 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased mRNA levels for components of the lysosomal, Ca2 +-activated, and ATP-ubiq-uitin-dependent proteolytic pathways in skeletal muscle from head trauma patients
    • Mansoor O, Beaufrere B, Boirie Y, et al: Increased mRNA levels for components of the lysosomal, Ca2 +-activated, and ATP-ubiq-uitin-dependent proteolytic pathways in skeletal muscle from head trauma patients. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1996; 93:2714-2718
    • (1996) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.93 , pp. 2714-2718
    • Mansoor, O.1    Beaufrere, B.2    Boirie, Y.3
  • 7
    • 85047689951 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ubiquitin-protein ligases in muscle wasting: Multiple parallel pathways?
    • Lecker SH: Ubiquitin-protein ligases in muscle wasting: Multiple parallel pathways? Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2003; 6:271-275
    • (2003) Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care , vol.6 , pp. 271-275
    • Lecker, S.H.1
  • 8
    • 34248574060 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Proteasome proteolytic activity in skeletal muscle is increased in patients with sepsis
    • Klaude M, Fredriksson K, Tjader I, et al: Proteasome proteolytic activity in skeletal muscle is increased in patients with sepsis. Clin Sci (Lond) 2007; 112:499-506
    • (2007) Clin Sci (Lond) , vol.112 , pp. 499-506
    • Klaude, M.1    Fredriksson, K.2    Tjader, I.3
  • 11
    • 0027130670 scopus 로고
    • Acute hyperglycemia enhances proteolysis in normal man
    • Flakoll PJ, Hill JO, Abumrad NN: Acute hyperglycemia enhances proteolysis in normal man. Am J Physiol 1993; 265:E715-E721
    • (1993) Am J Physiol , vol.265
    • Flakoll, P.J.1    Hill, J.O.2    Abumrad, N.N.3
  • 12
    • 0028878281 scopus 로고
    • Alterations in carbohydrate metabolism during stress: A review of the literature
    • Mizock BA: Alterations in carbohydrate metabolism during stress: A review of the literature. Am J Med 1995; 98:75-84
    • (1995) Am J Med , vol.98 , pp. 75-84
    • Mizock, B.A.1
  • 13
    • 0035829852 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intensive insulin therapy in the critically ill patients
    • Van den Berghe G, Wouters P, Weekers F, et al: Intensive insulin therapy in the critically ill patients. N Engl J Med 2001; 345: 1359-1367
    • (2001) N Engl J Med , vol.345 , pp. 1359-1367
    • Van Den Berghe, G.1    Wouters, P.2    Weekers, F.3
  • 14
    • 32044465949 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intensive insulin therapy in the medical ICU
    • Van den Berghe G, Wilmer A, Hermans G, et al: Intensive insulin therapy in the medical ICU. NEngl J Med 2006; 354:449-461
    • (2006) NEngl J Med , vol.354 , pp. 449-461
    • Van Den Berghe, G.1    Wilmer, A.2    Hermans, G.3
  • 15
    • 59749098319 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intensive insulin therapy for patients in pae-diatric intensive care: A prospective, randomised controlled study
    • Vlasselaers D, Milants I, Desmet L, et al: Intensive insulin therapy for patients in pae-diatric intensive care: A prospective, randomised controlled study. Lancet 2009; 373: 547-556
    • (2009) Lancet , vol.373 , pp. 547-556
    • Vlasselaers, D.1    Milants, I.2    Desmet, L.3
  • 16
    • 63249135422 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glucose control in the ICU-How tight is too tight?
    • Inzucchi SE, Siegel MD: Glucose control in the ICU-How tight is too tight? N Engl J Med 2009; 360:1346-1349
    • (2009) N Engl J Med , vol.360 , pp. 1346-1349
    • Inzucchi, S.E.1    Siegel, M.D.2
  • 17
    • 65349101684 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intensive insulin therapy in the intensive care unit
    • Van den Berghe G, Mesotten D, Vanhorebeek I: Intensive insulin therapy in the intensive care unit. CMAJ 2009; 180:799-800
    • (2009) CMAJ , vol.180 , pp. 799-800
    • Van Den Berghe, G.1    Mesotten, D.2    Vanhorebeek, I.3
  • 18
    • 34447532517 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tight blood glucose control with insulin in the ICU: Facts and controversies
    • Vanhorebeek I, Langouche L, Van den Berghe G: Tight blood glucose control with insulin in the ICU: Facts and controversies. Chest 2007; 132:268-278
    • (2007) Chest , vol.132 , pp. 268-278
    • Vanhorebeek, I.1    Langouche, L.2    Van Den Berghe, G.3
  • 19
    • 0036170768 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A novel in vivo rabbit model of hypercata-bolic critical illness reveals a biphasic neuroendocrine stress response
    • Weekers F, Van Herck E, Coopmans W, et al: A novel in vivo rabbit model of hypercata-bolic critical illness reveals a biphasic neuroendocrine stress response. Endocrinology 2002; 143:764-774
    • (2002) Endocrinology , vol.143 , pp. 764-774
    • Weekers, F.1    Van Herck, E.2    Coopmans, W.3
  • 20
    • 0345257106 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metabolic, endocrine, and immune effects of stress hyperglycemia in a rabbit model of prolonged critical illness
    • Weekers F, Giulietti AP, Michalaki M, et al: Metabolic, endocrine, and immune effects of stress hyperglycemia in a rabbit model of prolonged critical illness. Endocrinology 2003; 144:5329-5338
    • (2003) Endocrinology , vol.144 , pp. 5329-5338
    • Weekers, F.1    Giulietti, A.P.2    Michalaki, M.3
  • 21
    • 33745320589 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Survival benefits of intensive insulin therapy in critical illness: Impact of maintaining nor-moglycemia versus glycemia-independent actions of insulin
    • Ellger B, Debaveye Y, Vanhorebeek I, et al: Survival benefits of intensive insulin therapy in critical illness: Impact of maintaining nor-moglycemia versus glycemia-independent actions of insulin. Diabetes 2006; 55: 1096-1105
    • (2006) Diabetes , vol.55 , pp. 1096-1105
    • Ellger, B.1    Debaveye, Y.2    Vanhorebeek, I.3
  • 22
    • 0013815698 scopus 로고
    • The analysis of glucose measurements by computer simulation
    • Janes RG, Osburn JO: The analysis of glucose measurements by computer simulation. J Physiol 1965; 181:59-67
    • (1965) J Physiol , vol.181 , pp. 59-67
    • Janes, R.G.1    Osburn, J.O.2
  • 23
    • 0031745157 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A rabbit model for metabolic studies after burn injury
    • Hu RH, Yu YM, Costa D, et al: A rabbit model for metabolic studies after burn injury. J Surg Res 1998; 75:153-160
    • (1998) J Surg Res , vol.75 , pp. 153-160
    • Hu, R.H.1    Yu, Y.M.2    Costa, D.3
  • 24
    • 0016118266 scopus 로고
    • Nutrition and metabolism following thermal injury
    • Wilmore DW: Nutrition and metabolism following thermal injury. Clin Plast Surg 1974; 1:603-619
    • (1974) Clin Plast Surg , vol.1 , pp. 603-619
    • Wilmore, D.W.1
  • 25
    • 0036389801 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential expression of iodothy-ronine deiodinases in chicken tissues during the last week of embryonic development
    • Van der Geyten S, Van den Eynde I, Segers IB, et al: Differential expression of iodothy-ronine deiodinases in chicken tissues during the last week of embryonic development. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2002; 128:65-73
    • (2002) Gen Comp Endocrinol , vol.128 , pp. 65-73
    • Van Der Geyten, S.1    Van Den Eynde, I.2    Segers, I.B.3
  • 26
    • 33749003721 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of post-synaptic block of neuromus-cular transmission, muscle unloading and mechanical ventilation on skeletal muscle protein and mRNA expression
    • Norman H, Nordquist J, Andersson P, et al: Impact of post-synaptic block of neuromus-cular transmission, muscle unloading and mechanical ventilation on skeletal muscle protein and mRNA expression. Pflugers Arch 2006; 453:53-66
    • (2006) Pflugers Arch , vol.453 , pp. 53-66
    • Norman, H.1    Nordquist, J.2    Andersson, P.3
  • 27
    • 0036846316 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cat-abolic response to stress and potential benefits of nutrition support
    • Wray CJ, Mammen JM, Hasselgren PO: Cat-abolic response to stress and potential benefits of nutrition support. Nutrition 2002; 18: 971-977
    • (2002) Nutrition , vol.18 , pp. 971-977
    • Wray, C.J.1    Mammen, J.M.2    Hasselgren, P.O.3
  • 28
    • 67650472358 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tissue-specific glucose toxicity induces mi-tochondrial damage in a burn injury model of critical illness
    • Vanhorebeek I, Ellger B, De Vos R, et al: Tissue-specific glucose toxicity induces mi-tochondrial damage in a burn injury model of critical illness. Crit Care Med 2009; 37: 1355-1364
    • (2009) Crit Care Med , vol.37 , pp. 1355-1364
    • Vanhorebeek, I.1    Ellger, B.2    De Vos, R.3
  • 29
    • 69949107080 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intensive insulin therapy in critically ill patients NICE-SUGAR or Leuven blood glucose target?
    • Van den Berghe G, Schetz M, Vlasselaers D, et al: Intensive insulin therapy in critically ill patients: NICE-SUGAR or Leuven blood glucose target? J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2009; 94:3163-3170
    • (2009) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.94 , pp. 3163-3170
    • Van Den Berghe, G.1    Schetz, M.2    Vlasselaers, D.3
  • 30
    • 33745482771 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insulin therapy and in-hospital mortality in critically ill patients: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
    • Pittas AG, Siegel RD, Lau J: Insulin therapy and in-hospital mortality in critically ill patients: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. JPEN J Par-enter Enteral Nutr 2006; 30:164-172
    • (2006) JPEN J Par-enter Enteral Nutr , vol.30 , pp. 164-172
    • Pittas, A.G.1    Siegel, R.D.2    Lau, J.3
  • 31
    • 3442899889 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of an intensive glucose management protocol on the mortality of critically ill adult patients
    • Krinsley JS: Effect of an intensive glucose management protocol on the mortality of critically ill adult patients. Mayo Clin Proc 2004; 79:992-1000
    • (2004) Mayo Clin Proc , vol.79 , pp. 992-1000
    • Krinsley, J.S.1
  • 32
    • 65349096195 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intensive insulin therapy and mortality among critically ill patients: A meta-analysis including NICE-SUGAR study data
    • Griesdale DE, de Souza RJ, van Dam RM, et al: Intensive insulin therapy and mortality among critically ill patients: A meta-analysis including NICE-SUGAR study data. CMAJ 2009; 180:821-827
    • (2009) CMAJ , vol.180 , pp. 821-827
    • Griesdale, D.E.1    De Souza, R.J.2    Van Dam, R.M.3
  • 33
    • 63249128249 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intensive versus conventional glucose control in critically ill patients
    • Finfer S, Chittock DR, Su SY, et al: Intensive versus conventional glucose control in critically ill patients. N Engl J Med 2009; 360: 1283-1297
    • (2009) N Engl J Med , vol.360 , pp. 1283-1297
    • Finfer, S.1    Chittock, D.R.2    Su, S.Y.3
  • 34
    • 50349103448 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enteral vs. parenteral nutrition for the critically ill patient: A combined support should be preferred
    • Heidegger CP, Darmon P, Pichard C: Enteral vs. parenteral nutrition for the critically ill patient: A combined support should be preferred. Curr Opin Crit Care 2008; 14: 408-414
    • (2008) Curr Opin Crit Care , vol.14 , pp. 408-414
    • Heidegger, C.P.1    Darmon, P.2    Pichard, C.3
  • 35
    • 0028817382 scopus 로고
    • Burn injury stimulates multiple proteolytic pathways in skeletal muscle, including the ubiquitin-energy-dependent pathway
    • Fang CH, Tiao G, James H, et al: Burn injury stimulates multiple proteolytic pathways in skeletal muscle, including the ubiquitin-energy- dependent pathway. J Am Coll Surg 1995; 180:161-170
    • (1995) J Am Coll Surg , vol.180 , pp. 161-170
    • Fang, C.H.1    Tiao, G.2    James, H.3
  • 36
    • 0032442182 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Muscle fibre atrophy in critically ill patients is associated with the loss of myosin filaments and the presence of lysosomal enzymes and ubiquitin
    • Helliwell TR, Wilkinson A, Griffiths RD, et al: Muscle fibre atrophy in critically ill patients is associated with the loss of myosin filaments and the presence of lysosomal enzymes and ubiquitin. Neuropathol Appl Neu-robiol 1998; 24:507-517
    • (1998) Neuropathol Appl Neu-robiol , vol.24 , pp. 507-517
    • Helliwell, T.R.1    Wilkinson, A.2    Griffiths, R.D.3
  • 37
    • 0031018516 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sepsis is associated with increased mRNAs of the ubiquitin-proteasome proteolytic pathway in human skeletal muscle
    • Tiao G, Hobler S, Wang JJ, et al: Sepsis is associated with increased mRNAs of the ubiquitin-proteasome proteolytic pathway in human skeletal muscle. J Clin Invest 1997; 99:163-168
    • (1997) J Clin Invest , vol.99 , pp. 163-168
    • Tiao, G.1    Hobler, S.2    Wang, J.J.3
  • 38
    • 0037401683 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sepsis upregulates the gene expression of multiple ubiquitin ligases in skeletal muscle
    • Wray CJ, Mammen JM, Hershko DD, et al: Sepsis upregulates the gene expression of multiple ubiquitin ligases in skeletal muscle. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2003; 35:698-705
    • (2003) Int J Biochem Cell Biol , vol.35 , pp. 698-705
    • Wray, C.J.1    Mammen, J.M.2    Hershko, D.D.3
  • 39
    • 0027973469 scopus 로고
    • Sepsis stimulates nonlysosomal, energy-dependent proteolysis and increases ubiquitin mRNA levels in rat skeletal muscle
    • Tiao G, Fagan JM, Samuels N, et al: Sepsis stimulates nonlysosomal, energy-dependent proteolysis and increases ubiquitin mRNA levels in rat skeletal muscle. J Clin Invest 1994; 94:2255-2264
    • (1994) J Clin Invest , vol.94 , pp. 2255-2264
    • Tiao, G.1    Fagan, J.M.2    Samuels, N.3
  • 40
    • 0034122544 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contribution of the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway to overall muscle proteolysis in hypercatabolic patients
    • Biolo G, Bosutti A, Iscra F, et al: Contribution of the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway to overall muscle proteolysis in hypercatabolic patients. Metabolism 2000; 49:689-691
    • (2000) Metabolism , vol.49 , pp. 689-691
    • Biolo, G.1    Bosutti, A.2    Iscra, F.3
  • 41
    • 0032797384 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sepsis stimulates release of myo-filaments in skeletal muscle by a calcium-dependent mechanism
    • Williams AB, Decourten-Meyers GM, Fischer JE, et al: Sepsis stimulates release of myo-filaments in skeletal muscle by a calcium-dependent mechanism. FASEB J 1999; 13: 1435-1443
    • (1999) FASEB J , vol.13 , pp. 1435-1443
    • Williams, A.B.1    Decourten-Meyers, G.M.2    Fischer, J.E.3
  • 42
    • 33744780993 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of rats with calpain inhibitors prevents sepsis-induced muscle proteolysis independent of atrogin-1/MAFbx and MuRF1 expression
    • Fareed MU, Evenson AR, Wei W, et al: Treatment of rats with calpain inhibitors prevents sepsis-induced muscle proteolysis independent of atrogin-1/MAFbx and MuRF1 expression. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2006; 290:R1589-R1597
    • (2006) Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol , vol.290
    • Fareed, M.U.1    Evenson, A.R.2    Wei, W.3
  • 43
    • 33845937772 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early activity is feasible and safe in respiratory failure patients
    • Bailey P, Thomsen GE, Spuhler VJ, et al: Early activity is feasible and safe in respiratory failure patients. Crit Care Med 2007; 35:139-145
    • (2007) Crit Care Med , vol.35 , pp. 139-145
    • Bailey, P.1    Thomsen, G.E.2    Spuhler, V.J.3
  • 44
    • 41449113183 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rapid disuse atrophy of diaphragm fibers in mechanically ventilated humans
    • Levine S, Nguyen T, Taylor N, et al: Rapid disuse atrophy of diaphragm fibers in mechanically ventilated humans. N Engl J Med 2008; 358:1327-1335
    • (2008) N Engl J Med , vol.358 , pp. 1327-1335
    • Levine, S.1    Nguyen, T.2    Taylor, N.3
  • 45
    • 3042574888 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intravenous insulin decreases protein breakdown in infants on extracorporeal membrane oxygen-ation
    • Agus MS, Javid PJ, Ryan DP, et al: Intravenous insulin decreases protein breakdown in infants on extracorporeal membrane oxygen-ation. J Pediatr Surg 2004; 39:839-844
    • (2004) J Pediatr Surg , vol.39 , pp. 839-844
    • Agus, M.S.1    Javid, P.J.2    Ryan, D.P.3
  • 46
    • 0033856459 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insulin suppresses the increased activities of lysosomal cathepsins and ubiquitin conjugation system in burn-injured rats
    • Solomon V, Madihally S, Yarmush M, et al: Insulin suppresses the increased activities of lysosomal cathepsins and ubiquitin conjugation system in burn-injured rats. J Surg Res 2000; 93:120-126
    • (2000) J Surg Res , vol.93 , pp. 120-126
    • Solomon, V.1    Madihally, S.2    Yarmush, M.3
  • 47
    • 0036852856 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hy-perglycemia exacerbates muscle protein ca-tabolism in burn-injured patients
    • Gore DC, Chinkes DL, Hart DW, et al: Hy-perglycemia exacerbates muscle protein ca-tabolism in burn-injured patients. Crit Care Med 2002; 30:2438-2442
    • (2002) Crit Care Med , vol.30 , pp. 2438-2442
    • Gore, D.C.1    Chinkes, D.L.2    Hart, D.W.3
  • 48
    • 11444259403 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protection of hepatocyte mitochondrial ul-trastructure and function by strict blood glucose control with insulin in critically ill patients
    • Vanhorebeek I, De Vos R, Mesotten D, et al: Protection of hepatocyte mitochondrial ul-trastructure and function by strict blood glucose control with insulin in critically ill patients. Lancet 2005; 365:53-59
    • (2005) Lancet , vol.365 , pp. 53-59
    • Vanhorebeek, I.1    De Vos, R.2    Mesotten, D.3
  • 50
    • 0033344431 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reactivation of pituitary hormone release and metabolic improvement by infusion of growth hormone-releasing peptide and thy-rotropin-releasing hormone in patients with protracted critical illness
    • Van den Berghe G, Wouters P, Weekers F, et al: Reactivation of pituitary hormone release and metabolic improvement by infusion of growth hormone-releasing peptide and thy-rotropin-releasing hormone in patients with protracted critical illness. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1999; 84:1311-1323
    • (1999) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.84 , pp. 1311-1323
    • Van Den Berghe, G.1    Wouters, P.2    Weekers, F.3
  • 51
    • 4544293878 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • IGF-I stimulates muscle growth by suppressing protein breakdown and expression of atrophy-related ubiquitin ligases, atrogin-1 and MuRF1
    • Sacheck JM, Ohtsuka A, McLary SC, et al: IGF-I stimulates muscle growth by suppressing protein breakdown and expression of atrophy-related ubiquitin ligases, atrogin-1 and MuRF1. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2004; 287:E591-E601
    • (2004) Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab , vol.287
    • Sacheck, J.M.1    Ohtsuka, A.2    McLary, S.C.3
  • 52
    • 33846875462 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hormone, cytokine, and nutritional regulation of sepsis-induced increases in atrogin-1 and MuRF1 in skeletal muscle
    • Frost RA, Nystrom GJ, Jefferson LS, et al: Hormone, cytokine, and nutritional regulation of sepsis-induced increases in atrogin-1 and MuRF1 in skeletal muscle. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2007; 292:E501-E512
    • (2007) Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab , vol.292
    • Frost, R.A.1    Nystrom, G.J.2    Jefferson, L.S.3
  • 53
    • 0020110358 scopus 로고
    • Alterations in thyroid function in patients with systemic illness: The 'euthyroid sick syndrome
    • Wartofsky L, Burman KD: Alterations in thyroid function in patients with systemic illness: The 'euthyroid sick syndrome.' Endocr Rev 1982; 3:164-217
    • (1982) Endocr Rev , vol.3 , pp. 164-217
    • Wartofsky, L.1    Burman, K.D.2
  • 54
    • 23844433583 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serum 3,3',5'-triiodothyronine (rT3) and 3, 5,3'-triiodothyronine/rT3 are prognostic markers in critically ill patients and are associated with postmortem tissue deiodinase activities
    • Peeters RP, Wouters PJ, van Toor H, et al: Serum 3,3',5'-triiodothyronine (rT3) and 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine/rT3 are prognostic markers in critically ill patients and are associated with postmortem tissue deiodinase activities. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2005; 90: 4559-4565
    • (2005) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , Issue.90 , pp. 4559-4565
    • Peeters, R.P.1    Wouters, P.J.2    Van Toor, H.3
  • 56
    • 0023819661 scopus 로고
    • Methods for studying protein synthesis and degradation in liver and skeletal muscle
    • Hasselgren PO, Pedersen P, Sax HC, et al: Methods for studying protein synthesis and degradation in liver and skeletal muscle. J Surg Res 1988; 45:389-415
    • (1988) J Surg Res , vol.45 , pp. 389-415
    • Hasselgren, P.O.1    Pedersen, P.2    Sax, H.C.3
  • 57
    • 33846158821 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Burn-induced increase in atrogin-1 and MuRF-1 in skeletal muscle is glucocorticoid independent but downregulated by IGF-I
    • Lang CH, Huber D, Frost RA: Burn-induced increase in atrogin-1 and MuRF-1 in skeletal muscle is glucocorticoid independent but downregulated by IGF-I. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2007; 292:R328-R336
    • (2007) Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol , vol.292
    • Lang, C.H.1    Huber, D.2    Frost, R.A.3
  • 58
    • 1842434301 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tight glycemic control in diabetic coronary artery bypass graft patients improves periop-erative outcomes and decreases recurrent ischemic events
    • Lazar HL, Chipkin SR, Fitzgerald CA, et al: Tight glycemic control in diabetic coronary artery bypass graft patients improves periop-erative outcomes and decreases recurrent ischemic events. Circulation 2004; 109: 1497-1502
    • (2004) Circulation , vol.109 , pp. 1497-1502
    • Lazar, H.L.1    Chipkin, S.R.2    Fitzgerald, C.A.3
  • 59
    • 17744399714 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of high glucose/high insulin and dichloroac-etate treatment on carbohydrate oxidation and functional recovery after low-flow ischemia and reperfusion in the isolated perfused rat heart
    • Wang P, Lloyd SG, Chatham JC: Impact of high glucose/high insulin and dichloroac-etate treatment on carbohydrate oxidation and functional recovery after low-flow ischemia and reperfusion in the isolated perfused rat heart. Circulation 2005; 111:2066-2072
    • (2005) Circulation , vol.111 , pp. 2066-2072
    • Wang, P.1    Lloyd, S.G.2    Chatham, J.C.3
  • 60
    • 0035888722 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A global approach to energy metabolism in an experimental model of sepsis
    • L'Her E, Sebert P: A global approach to energy metabolism in an experimental model of sepsis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2001; 164:1444-1447
    • (2001) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.164 , pp. 1444-1447
    • L'Her, E.1    Sebert, P.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.