Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1

Principles of Bone Biology: Volume 1-2, Third Edition

Volumn , Issue , 2008, Pages 1345-1374

  Brandi, Maria Luisa ^a   Bordi, Cesare ^b   Tonelli, Francesco ^c   Falchetti, Alberto ^a   Marx, Stephen J ^d  

^a CAREGGI UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (Italy)

^b UNIVERSITY OF PARMA   (Italy)

^c UNIVERSITY OF FLORENCE   (Italy)

^d NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DIABETES AND DIGESTIVE AND KIDNEY DISEASES   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 73849101706     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-12-373884-4.00075-6     Document Type: Chapter

References (282)

1. S.K. Agarwal, M.B. Kester, L.V. Debelenko, C. Heppner, M.R. Emmert-Buck, M.C. Skarulis, J.L. Doppman, Y.S. Kim, I.A. Lubensky, Z. Zhuang, J.S. Green, S.C. Guru, P. Manickam, S.E. Olufemi, L.A. Liotta, S.C. Chandrasekharappa, F.S. Collins, A.M. Spiegel, A.L. Burns and S.J. Marx (1997) Germline mutations of the MEN1 gene in familial multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 and related states. Hum. Mol. Genet. 6(7), 1169-1175.
2. S.K. Agarwal, I.V. Debelenko, M.B. Kester, S.C. Guru, P. Manickam, S.E. Olufemi, M.C. Skarulis, C. Heppner, J.S. Crabtree, I.A. Lubensky, Z. Zhuang, Y.S. Kim, S.C. Chandrasekharappa, F.S. Collins, L.A. Liotta, A.M. Spiegel, A.L. Burns, M.R. Emmert-Buck and S.J. Marx (1998) Analysis of recurrent germline mutations in the MEN1 gene encountered in apparently unrelated families. Hum. Mutat. 12 75-82.
3. S.K. Agarwal, S.C. Guru, C. Heppner, M.R. Erdos, R.M. Collins, S.Y. Park, S. Saggar, S.C. Chandrasekharappa, F.S. Collins, A.M. Spiegel, S.J. Marx and A.L. Burns (1999) Menin interacts with the AP1 transcription factor JunD and represses JunD-activated transcription. Cell 96(1), 143-152.
4. S.K. Agarwal, E.A. Novotny, J.S. Crabtree, J.B. Weitzman, M. Yaniv, A.L. Burns, S.C. Chandrasekharappa, FS. Collins, A.M. Spiegel and S.J. Marx (2003) Transcription factor JunD, deprived of menin, switches from growth suppressor to growth promoter. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 100 10770-10775.
5. S.K. Agarwal, P.A. Kennedy, P.C. Scacheri, E.A. Novotny, A.B. Hickman, A. Cerrato, T.S. Rice, J.B. Moore, S. Rao, Y. Ji, C. Mateo, S.K. Libutti, B. Oliver, S.C. Chandrasekharappa, A.L. Burns, F.S. Collins, A.M. Spiegel and S.J. Marx (2005) Menin molecular interactions: Insights into normal functions and tumorigenesis. Horm. Metab. Res. 37 369-374.
6. S.K. Agarwal, S. Impey, S. McWeeney, P.C. Scacheri, F.S. Collins, R.H. Goodman, A.M. Spiegel and S.J. Marx (2007) Distribution of menin-occupied regions in chromatin specifies a broad role of menin in transcriptional regulation. Neoplasia 9(2), 101-107.
7. F. Alright and R. Ellsworth (1990) D.L. Loriaux (Eds) Uncharted Seas Portland, ME: Kalmia Press
8. M. Anlauf, A. Perren, C.L. Meyer, S. Schmid, P. Saremaslani, M.L. Kruse, E. Weihe, P. Komminoth, P.U. Heitz and G. Klöppel (2005) Precursor lesions in patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1-associated duodenal gastrinomas. Gastroenterology 128(5), 1187-1198.
9. M. Anlauf, A. Perren, T. Henopp, T. Rudolph, N. Garbrecht, A. Schmitt, A. Raffel, O. Gimm, E. Weihe, W.T. Knoefel, H. Dralle, P.U. Heitz, P. Komminoth and G. Klöppel (2007) Allelic deletion of the MEN1 gene in duodenal gastrin and somatostatin cell neoplasms and their precursor lesions. Gut 56(5), 637-644.
10. A. Arnold, M.F. Brown, P. Urena, R.D. Gaz, E. Sarfati and T.B. Drueke (1995) Monoclonality of parathyroid tumors in chronic renal failure and in primary parathyroid hyperplasia. J. Clin. Invest. 95 2047-2053.
11. F. Bai, X.H. Pei, T. Nishikawa, M.D. Smith and Y. Xiong (2007) p18Ink4c, but Not p27Kip1, Collaborates with Men1 To Suppress Neuroendocrine Organ Tumors. Mol. Cell Biol. 27(4), 1495-1504.
12. H.S. Ballard, B. Frame and R.J. Hartsock (1964) Familial multiple endocrine adenoma—peptic ulcer complex. Am. J. Med. 43 481-516.
13. R. Bansal, W. Tierney, S. Carpenter, N. Thompson and J.M. Scheiman (1999) Cost effectiveness of EUS for preoperative localization of pancreatic endocrine tumors. Gastrointest. Endosc. 49(1), 19-25.
14. D.K. Bartsch, V. Fendrich, P. Langer, I. Celik, P.H. Kann and M. Rothmund (2005) Outcome of duodenopancreatic resections in patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1. Ann Surg. 242(6), 757-764.
15. J.H. Bassett, S.A. Forbes, A.A. Pannett, S.E. Lloyd, P.T. Christie, C. Wooding, B. Harding, G.M. Besser, C.R. Edwards, J.P. Monson, J. Sampson, J.A. Wass, M.H. Wheeler and R.V. Thakker (1998) Characterization of mutations in patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 62(2), 232-244.
16. A. Beckers, R. Abs, P.J. Willems, B. van der Auwera, K. Kovacs, M. Reznik and A. Stevenaert (1992) Aldosterone-secreting adrenal adenoma as part of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1): Loss of heterozygosity for polymorphic chromosome 11 deoxyribonucleic acid markers, including the MEN1 locus. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 75(2), 564-570.
17. A. Beckers, D. Betea, H.V. Socin and A. Stevenaert (2003) The treatment of sporadic versus MEN1-related pituitary adenomas. J. Intern. Med. 253 599-605.
18. M. Benito, S.L. Asa, V.A. Livolsi, V.A. West and P.J. Snyder (2005) Gonadotroph tumor associated with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab 90 570-574.
19. R.V. Benya, D.C. Metz, V.A. Fishbeyn, D.B. Strader, M. Orbuch and R.T. Jensen (1993) Gastrinoma can be the initial presentation for patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN-1). Gastroenterology 104 A42.
20. R.V. Benya, D.C. Metz, Y.J. Hijazi, V.A. Fishbeyn, J.R. Pisegna and R.T. Jensen (1993) Fine needle aspiration cytology of submucosal nodules in patients with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 88 258-265.
21. L. Bergman, B. Teh, J. Cardinal, J. Palmer, M. Walters, J. Shepherd, D. Cameron and N. Hayward (2000) Identification of MEN1 gene mutations in families with MEN 1 and related disorders. Br. J. Cancer 83 1009-1014.
22. P. Bertolino, I. Radovanovic, H. Casse, A. Aguzzi, Z.Q. Wang and C.X. Zhang (2003) Genetic ablation of the tumor suppressor menin causes lethality at mid-gestation with defects in multiple organs. Mech. Dev. 120 549-560.
23. J.B. Betts, B.P. O'Malley and F.D. Rosenthal (1980) Hyperparathyroidism: A prerequisite for Zollinger-Ellison syndrome in multiple endocrine adenomatosis type 1-report of a further family and a review of the literature. QJM 73 69-76.
24. J.S. Bevan, J. Webster, W. Burke and M.F. Scanlon (1992) Dopamine agonists and pituitary tumor shrinkage. Endocr. Rev. 13 220-240.
25. M.M.R. Bhuiyan, M. Sato, K. Murao, H. Imachi, H. Namihira and J. Takahara (2000) Expression of menin in parathyroid tumors. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 85 2615-2619.
26. J.P. Bilezikian, S.J. Silverberg and E. Shane (1995) Clinical presentation of primary hyperparathyroidism. J.P. Bilezikian, R. Marcus, M.A. Levine (Eds) The Parathyroids. Basic and Clinica Concepts New York: Raven Press 457-470.
27. M. Bonato, M. Cerati, A. Pagani, M. Papotti, F. Bosi, C. Bussolati and C. Capella (1992) Differential diagnostic patterns of lung neuroen-docrine tumours, A clinicopathological and immunohistochemical study of 122 cases. Virchows Arch. 420 201-211.
28. H.G. Bone (1990) Diagnosis of the multiglandular endocrine neoplasias. Clin. Chem. 36 711-718.
29. R. Boni, A.O. Vortmeyer, S. Pack, W.S. Park, G. Burg, G. Hofbauer, T. Darling, L. Liotta and Z. Zhuang (1998) Somatic mutations of the MEN1 tumor suppressor gene detected in sporadic angiofibromas. J. Invest. Dermatol. 111(3), 539-540.
30. R. Boni, A.O. Vortmeyer, S. Huang, G. Burg, G. Hofbauer and Z. Zhuang (1999) Mutation analysis of the MEN1 tumour suppressor gene in malignant melanoma. Melanoma Res. 9 249-252.
31. C. Bordi and M.L. Brandi (1998) Ductal adenocarcinoma of the pancreas in MEN-1 patients. Virchows Arch. 432 385-386.
32. C. Bordi and G. Viale (1995) Analysis of cell proliferation and tumor antigens of prognostic significance in pancreatic endocrine tumors. M. Mignon, R.T. Jensen (Eds) Endocrine Tumors of the Pancreas Basel: Karger 45-59.
33. C. Bordi, A. Falchetti, R. Buffa, C. Azzoni, T. D'Adda, P. Caruana, G. Rindi and M.L. Brandi (1994) Production of basic fibroblast growth factor by gastric carcinoid tumors and their putative cells of origin. Hum. Pathol. 25 175-180.
34. C. Bordi, T. D'Adda, C. Azzoni, F.P. Pilato and P. Caruana (1995) Hypergastrinemia and gastric enterochromaffin-like cells. Am. J. Surg. Pathol. 19(Suppl. 1), S8-sS19.
35. C. Bordi, A. Falchetti, C. Azzoni, T. D'Adda, A. Morelli, A. Peracchia and M.L. Brandi (1995) Lack of allelic loss at the multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN-1) gene locus in a pancreatic ductal (non-endocrine) adenocarcinoma of a patient with the MEN-1 syndrome. Virchows Archiv. 426 203-208.
36. C. Bordi, A. Falchetti, C. Azzoni, T. D'Adda, G. Canavese, A. Guariglia, D. Santini, P. Tomassetti and M.L. Brandi (1997) Aggressive forms of gastric neuroendocrine tumors in multiple endocrine neoplasia type I. Am. J. Surg. Pathol. 21 1075-1082.
37. C. Bordi, T. D'Adda, C. Azzoni and G. Ferraro (1998) Pathogenesis of ECL cell tumors in humans. Yale J. Biol. Med. 71 273-284.
38. M.L. Brandi (1991) Multiple endocrine neoplasia type I: General features and new insights into etiology. J. Endocrinol. Invest. 14 61-72.
39. M.L. Brandi, G.D. Aurbach, L.A. Fitzpatrick, R. Quarto, A.M. Spiegel, M.M. Bliziotes, J.A. Norton, J.L. Doppman and S.J. Marx (1986) Parathyroid mitogenic activity in plasma from patients with familial multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1. N. Engl. J. Med. 314 1287-1293.
40. M.L. Brandi, S.J. Marx, G.D. Aurbach and L.A. Fitzpatrick (1987) Familial multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1: A new look at pathophysiology. Endocr. Rev. 8 391-405.
41. M.L. Brandi, R.F. Gagel, A. Angeli, J.P. Bilezikian, P. Beck-Peccoz, C. Bordi, B. Conte-Devolx, A. Falchetti, R.G. Gheri, A. Libroia, C.J. Lips, G. Lombardi, M. Mannelli, F. Pacini, B.A. Ponder, F. Raue, B. Skogseid, G. Tamburrano, R.V. Thakker, N.W. Thompson, P. Tomassetti, F. Tonelli, S.A. Wells Jr. and S.J. Marx (2001) Guidelines for diagnosis and therapy of MEN type 1 and type 2. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 86 5658-5671.
42. E.M. Brown, M. Pallak, C.E. Siedman, J.G. Seidman, W.H.W. Chou, D. Riccardi and S.C. Herbert (1995) Calcium-ion-sensing cellsurface receptors. N. Engl. J. Med. 32(B3), 234-240.
43. G. Brunner, W. Creutzfeldt, U. Harke and R. Lamberts (1989) Efficacy and safety of long-term treatment with omeprazole in patients with acid related diseases resistant to ranitidine. Cancer J. Gastroenterol. 3 72-76.
44. G. Brunner and W. Creutzfeldt (1989) Omeprazole in the long-term management of patients with acid-related diseases resistant to ranitidine. Scand. J. Gastroenterol ((Suppl.) 166), 101-105.
45. J.R. Burgess, R.A. Harle, P. Tucker, V. Parameswaran, P. Davies, T.M. Greenway and J.J. Shepherd (1996) Adrenal lesions in a large kindred with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1. Arch. Surg. 131 699-702.
46. J.R. Burgess, R. David, V. Parameswaran, T.M. Greenaway and J.J. Shepherd (1998) The outcome of subtotal parathyroidectomy for the treatment of hyperparathyroidism in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1. Arch. Surg. 133(2), 126-129.
47. J.R. Burgess, T.M. Greenaway, V. Parameswaran, D.R. Challis, R. David and J.J. Shepherd (1998) Enteropancreatic malignancy associated with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1: Risk factors and pathogenesis. Cancer 83 428-434.
48. J.R. Burgess, R. David, T.M. Greenaway, V. Parameswaran and J.J. Shepherd (1999) Osteoporosis in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1: Severity, clinical significance, relationship to primary hyperparathyroidism, and response to parathyroidectomy. Arch. Surg. 134(10), 1119-1123.
49. C. Bystrom, C. Larsson, C. Blomberg, K. Sandelin, U. Falkmer, B. Skogseid, K. Oberg, S. Werner and M. Nordenskjold (1990) Localization of the MEN1 gene to a small region within chromosome 11q13 by deletion mapping in tumors. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 87 1968-1972.
50. G. Cadiot, P. Laurentpuig, B. Thuille, T. Lehy, M. Mignon and S. Olschwang (1993) Is the multiple endocrine neoplasia type-1 gene a suppressor for fundic argyrophil tumors in the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome? Gastroenterology 105 579-582.
51. G. Cadiot, R. Lebtahi, L. Sarda, G. Bonnaud, J.P. Marmuse, C. Vissuzaine, P. Ruszniewski, D. Le Guludec and M. Mignon (1996) Preoperative detection of duodenal gastrinomas and peripancreatic lymph nodes by somatostatin receptor scintigraphy. Groupe D'etude Du Syndrome De Zollinger-Ellison. Gastroenterology 111(4), 845-854.
52. G. Cadiot, A. Vuagnat, I. Doukhan, A. Murat, G. Bonnaud, B. Delemer, G. Thiéfin, A. Beckers, M. Veyrac, C. Proye, P. Ruszniewski and M. Mignon (1999) Prognostic factors in patients with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome and multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1. Gastroenterology 116 286-293.
53. A. Calender (1999) Genetic testing in multiple endocrine neoplasia and related syndromes. Forum(Genova) 8(2), 146-159.
54. C. Capella, C. Riva, M. Leutner and S. La Rosa (1995) Pituitary lesions in multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome (MENs) type 1. Pathol. Res. Pract. 191 345-347.
55. G. Carlinfante, R. Lampugnani, C. Azzoni, M.R. Aprile, M.L. Brandi and C. Bordi (1998) Expression of the α- and β-subunits of human chorionic gonadotropin by subsets of parathyroid cells in states of hyperparathyroidism. J. Pathol. 185 389-393.
56. T. Carling and R. Udelsman (2005) Parathyroid surgery in familial hyperparathyroid disorders. J. Intern. Med. 257 27-37.
57. D.M. Carneiro, J.U. Levi and G.L. Irvin 3rd (2002) Rapid insulin assay for intraoperative confirmation of complete resection of insulinomas. Surgery 132 937-942.
58. J.D. Carpten, C.M. Robbins, A. Villablanca, L. Forsberg, S. Presciuttini, J. Bailey-Wilson, W.F. Simonds, E.M. Gillanders, A.M. Kennedy, J.D. Chen, S.K. Agarwal, R. Sood, M.P. Jones, T.Y. Moses, C. Haven, D. Petillo, P.D. Leotlela, B. Harding, D. Cameron, A.A. Pannett, A. Hoog, H. Heath 3rd, L.A. James-Newton, B. Robinson, R.J. Zarbo, B.M. Cavaco, W. Wassif, N.D. Perrier, I.B. Rosen, U. Kristoffersson, P.D. Turnpenny, L.O. Farnebo, G.M. Besser, C.E. Jackson, H. Morreau, J.M. Trent, R.V. Thakker, S.J. Marx, B.T. The, C. Larsson and M.R. Hobbs (2002) HRPT2, encoding parafibromin, is mutated in hyperparathyroidism-jaw tumor syndrome. Nat. Genet. 32(4), 676-680.
59. S.E. Carty, A.K. Helm, J.A. Amico, M.R. Clarke, T.P. Foley, C.G. Watson and J.J. Mulvihill (1998) The variable panetrance and spectrum of manifestations of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1. Surgery 124 1106-1114.
60. B.M. Cavaco, R. Domingues, M.C. Bacelar, H. Cardoso, L. Barros, L. Gomes, M.M. Ruas, A. Agapito, A. Garrao, A.A. Pannett, J.L. Silva, L.G. Sobrinho, R.V. Thakker and V. Leite (2002) Mutational analysis of Portuguese families with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 reveals large germline deletions. Clin. Endocrinol. (Oxford) 56 465-473.
61. S.C. Chandrasekharappa, S.C. Guru, P. Manickam, S.E. Olufemi, F.S. Collins, M.R. Emmert-Buck, L.V. Debelenko, Z. Zhuang, I.A. Lubensky, L.A. Liotta, J.S. Crabtree, Y. Wang, B.A. Roe, J. Weisemann, M.S. Boguski, S.K. Agarwal, M.B. Kester, Y.S. Kim, C. Heppner, Q. Dong, A.M. Spiegel, A.L. Burns and S.J. Marx (1997) Positional cloning of the gene for multiple endocrine neoplasia-type 1. Science 276(5311), 404-407.
62. A. Chaudhry, K. Funa and K. Oberg (1993) Expression of growth factor peptides and their receptors in neuroendocrine tumors of the digestive system. Acta Oncol. 32 107-114.
63. Y.X. Chen, J. Yan, K. Keeshan, A.T. Tubbs, H. Wang, A. Silva, E.J. Brown, J.L. Hess, W.S. Pear and X. Hua (2006) The tumor suppressor menin regulates hematopoiesis and myeloid transformation by influencing Hox gene expression. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 103 1018-1023.
64. A. Colao, L. Annunziato and G. Lombardi (1998) Treatment of prolactinomas. Ann. Med. 30 452-459.
65. S. Corbetta, A. Pizzocaro, M. Peracchi, P. Beck-Peccoz, G. Faglia and A. Spada (1997) Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 in patients with recognized pituitary tumours of different types. Clin. Endocrinol. (Oxford) 47(5), 507-512.
66. G.J. Cote, J.E. Lee, D.B. Evans, E. Huang, P.N. Schultz, G.T. Dang, H. Qiu, S. Shetelbine, R.V. Sellin and R.F. Gagel (1998) Five novel mutations in the familial multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1(MEN1) gene. Mutations in brief no. 188. Online Hum. Mutat. 12(3), 219.
67. Cote, G. J., Lee, J. E., Evans, D. B., (1998b). The spectrum of mutations in MEN-1 variant syndromes. Program and Abstracts 80th Annual Meeting of Endocrine Society, pp. 106–107. New Orleans, LA, Endocrine Society, [Abstract].
68. A. Courseaux, J. Grosgeorge, P. Gaudray, A.A.J. Pannett, S.A. Forbes, C. Williamson, D. Bassett, R.V. Thakker, B.T. Teh, F. Farnebo, J. Shepherd, B. Skogseid, C. Larsson, S. Giraud, C.X. Zhang, J. Salandre and A. Calender (1996) Definition of the minimal MEN1 candidate area based on a 5-Mb integrated map of proximal 11q13. Genomics 37(3), 345-353.
69. J.S. Crabtree, P.C. Scacheri, J.M. Ward, L. Garrett-Beal, M.R. Emmert-Buck, K.A. Edgemon, S.C. Chandrasekharappa, S.J. Marx, A.M. Spiegel and F.S. Collins (2001) A mouse model of MEN1 develops multiple endocrine tumors. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 98(3), 1118-1123.
70. J.S. Crabtree, P.C. Scacheri, J.M. Ward, S.R. McNally, G.P. Swain, C. Montagna, J.H. Hager, D. Hanahan, H. Edlund, M.A. Magnuson, L. Garrett-Beal, A.L. Burns, T. Reid, S.C. Chandrasekharappa, S.J. Marx, A.M. Spiegel and F.S. Collins (2003) Of mice and MEN1: Insulinomas in a conditional mouse knockout. Mol. Cell Biol. 23 6075-6085.
71. J.C. Croisier, T. Lehy and P. Zeitoun (1971) A2 cell pancreatic microadenomas in a case of multiple endocrine adenomatosis. Cancer 28 707-713.
72. H. Cushing and L.M. Davidoff (1927) The pathological findings in four autopsied cases of acromegaly with a discussion of their significance. Monograph of the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research 22 1-131.
73. T. D'Adda, A. Amorosi, G. Bussolati, M.L. Brandi and C. Bordi (1993) Proliferation of endothelial component of parathyroid gland in multiple endocrine neoplasia type-1. Potential relationship with a mitogenic factor. Am. J. Pathol. 143 612-617.
74. A.P. Dackiw, G.J. Cote, J.B. Fleming, P.N. Schultz, P. Stanford, R. Vassilopoulou-Sellin, D.B. Evans, R.F. Gagel and J.E. Lee (1999) Screening for MEN1 mutations in patients with atypical endocrine neoplasia. Surgery 126(6), 1097-1103.
75. A.F. Daly, J-F. Vanbellinghen, S.K. Khoo, M.L. Jaffrain-Rea, L.A. Naves, M.A. Guitelman, A. Murat, P. Emy, A-P. Gimenez-Roqueplo, G. Tamburrano, G. Raverot, A. Barlier, W. De Herder, A. Penfornis, E. Ciccarelli, B. Estour, P. Lecomte, B. Gatta, O. Chabre, M.I. Sabaté, X. Bertagna, N.G. Basavilbaso, G. Stalldecker, A. Colao, P. Ferolla, J-L. Wémeau, P. Caron, J-L. Sadoul, A. Oneto, F. Archambeaud, A. Calender, O. OSinilnikova, F.C. Montañana, F. Cavagnini, V. Hana, A. Solano, D. Delettieres, D.C. Luccio-Camelo, A. Basso, V. Rohmer, T. Brue, V. Bours, B.T. Teh and A. Beckers (2007) Aryl hydrocarbon receptor interacting protein gene mutations in familial isolated pituitary adenomas: Analysis in 73 families. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 92(5), 1891-1896.
76. T.N. Darling, M.C. Skarulis, S.M. Steinberg, S.J. Marx, A.M. Spiegel and M. Turner (1997) Multiple facial angiofibromas and collagenomas in patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1. Arch. Dermatol. 133(7), 853-857.
77. L.V. Debelenko, M.R. Emmert-Buck, Z.P. Zhuang, E. Epshteyn, C.A. Moskaluk, R.T. Jensen, L.A. Liotta and I.A. Lubensky (1997) The multiple endocrine neoplasia type I gene locus is involved in the pathogenesis of type II gastric carcinoids. Gastroenterology 113 773-781.
78. L.V. Debelenko, Z.P. Zhuang, M.R. Emmert-Buck, S.C. Chandrasekharappa, P. Manickam, S.C. Guru, S.J. Marx, M.C. Skarulis, A.M. Spiegel, F.S. Collins, R.T. Jensen, L.A. Liotta and I.A. Lubensky (1997) Allelic deletions on chromosome 11q13 in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1-associated and sporadic gastrinomas and pancreatic endocrine tumors. Cancer Res. 57 2238-2243.
79. L.V. Debelenko, E. Brambilla, S.K. Agarwal, J.I. Swalwell, M.B. Kester, I.A. Lubensky, Z. Zhuang, S.C. Guru, P. Manickam, S.E. Olufemi, S.C. Chandrasekharappa, J.S. Crabtree, Y.S. Kim, C. Heppner, A.L. Burns, A.M. Spiegel, S.J. Marx, L.A. Liotta, F.S. Collins, W.D. Travis and M.R. Emmert-Buck (1997) Identification of MEN1 gene mutations in sporadic carcinoid tumors of the lung. Hum. Mol. Genet. 6(13), 2285-2290.
80. R.A. DeLellis (1995) Multiple endocrine neoplasia syndromes revisited. Clinical, morphologic, and molecular features. Lab. Invest. 72 494-505.
81. M.J. Demeure, D.C. Klonoff, J.H. Karam, Q.Y. Duh and O.H. Clark (1991) Insulinomas associated with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1: The need for a different surgical approach. Surgery 110 998-1002.
82. G.M. Doherty, J.A. Olson, M.M. Frisella, T.C. Lairmore, S.A. Wells and J.A. Norton (1998) Lethality of multiple endocrine neoplasia type I. World J. Surg. 22 581-587.
83. H. Dralle and G.F.W. Scheumann (1994) How to handle the parathyroid glands in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 and type 2? Surgical approach to uniglandular vs. multiglandular disease in hereditary primary hyperparathyroidism. Acta Chir. Austriaca, 26(Suppl. 112), 35-38.
84. Q.-Y. Duh, C.P. Hybarger, R. Geist, G. Gamsu, P.C. Goodman, G.A.W. Gooding and O.H. Clark (1987) Carcinoids associated with multiple endocrine neoplasia syndromes. Am. J. Surg. 154 142-148.
85. F. Eberle and R. Grun (1981) Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN I). Ergeb. Inn. Med. Kinderheilkd. 46 76-149.
86. D.M. Elaraj, M.C. Skarulis, S.K. Libutti, J.A. Norton, D.L. Bartlett, J.F. Pingpank, F. Gibril, L.S. Weinstein, R.T. Jensen, S.J. Marx and H.R. Alexander (2003) Results of initial operation for hyperparathyroidism in patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1. Surgery 134 858-864.
87. S. Ellard, A.T. Hattersley, C.M. Brewer and B. Vaidya (2005) Detection of an MEN1 gene mutation depends on clinical features and supports current referral criteria for diagnostic molecular genetic testing. Clin. Endocrinol. (Oxford) 62 169-175.
88. M.R. Emmert-Buck, I.A. Lubensky, Q. Dong, P. Manickam, S.C. Guru, M.B. Kester, S.E. Olufemi, S. Agarwal, A.L. Burns, A.M. Spiegel, F.S. Collins, S.J. Marx, Z. Zhuang, L.A. Liotta, S.C. Chandrasekharappa and L.V. Debelenko (1997) Localization of the multiple endocrine neoplasia type I (MEN1) gene based on tumor loss of heterozygosity analysis. Cancer Res. 57(10), 1855-1858.
89. J. Erdheim (1903) Zur normalen und pathologischen Histologie der Glandula Thyroidea, Parathyroidea, und Hypophysis. Beitr. Pathol. Anat. 33 158-236.
90. S. Ezzat, H.S. Smyth, L. Ramyar and S.L. Asa (1995) Heterogenous in vivo and in vitro expression of basic fibroblast growth factor by human pituitary adenomas. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 80 878-884.
91. A. Falchetti, A.E. Bale, A. Amorosi, C. Bordi, P. Cicchi, S. Bandini, S.J. Marx and M.L. Brandi (1993) Progression of uremic hyperparathyroidism involves allelic loss on chromosome 11. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 76 139-144.
92. Falchetti, A., Marini, F., and Brandi, M. L. (2005). Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1. In GeneReviews at Genetests (http://www.genetests.org). Retrieved August 31.
93. W.E. Farrell and R.N. Clayton (2000) Molecular pathogenesis of pituitary tumors. Front. Neuroendocrinol 21 174-198.
94. P. Ferolla, A. Falchetti, P. Filosso, P. Tomassetti, G. Tamburrano, N. Avenia, G. Daddi, F. Puma, R. Ribacchi, F. Santeusanio, G. Angeletti and M.L. Brandi (2005) Thymic neuroendocrine carcinoma (carcinoid) in MEN1 syndrome: The Italian series. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 90(5), 2603-2609.
95. D.S. Franklin, V.L. Godfrey, D.A. O'Brien, C. Deng and Y. Xiong (2000) Functional collaboration between different cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors suppresses tumor growth with distinct tissue specificity. Mol. Cell Biol. 20(16), 6147-6158.
96. E. Friedman, K. Sakaguchi, A.E. Bale, A. Falchetti, E. Streeten, M.B. Zimering, L.S. Weinstein, W.O. McBride, Y. Nakamura, M.L. Brandi, J.A. Norton, G.D. Aurbach, A.M. Spiegel and S.J. Marx (1989) Clonality of parathyroid tumors in familial multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1. N. Engl. J. Med. 321 213-218.
97. E. Friedman, C. Larsson, A. Amorosi, M.L. Brandi, A.E. Bale, D.C. Metz, R.T. Jensen, M.C. Skarulis, R.C. Eastman, L. Nieman, J.A. Norton and S.J. Marx (1994) Multiple endocrine neoplasia type I. Pathology, pathophysiology, molecular genetics, and differential diagnosis. J.P. Bilezikian, M.A. Levine, R. Marcus (Eds) The Parathyroids: Basic and Clinical Concepts New York: Raven Press 647-680.
98. H. Frucht, P.N. Maton and R.T. Jensen (1991) Use of omeprazole in patients with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. Dig. Dis. Sci. 36 394-404.
99. M.R. Gadelha, K.N. Une, K. Rohde, M. Vaisman, R.D. Kineman and L.A. Frohman (2000) Isolated familial somatotropinomas: Establishment of linkage to chromosome 11q13.1–11q13.3 and evidence for a potential second locus at chromosome 2p16–12. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 85(2), 707-714.
100. R.F. Gagel and S.J. Marx (2007) Multiple endocrine neoplasia. H. Kronenberg, S. Melmed, K. Polonsk, P.R. Larsen (Eds) Williams Textbook of Endocrinology 11th ed. Orlando, Fla.: W. B. Saunders & Company 1705-1746.
101. H.K. Galiber, C.C. Reading and J.W. Charboneau (1988) Localization of pancreatic insulinoma: Comparison of pre- and intraoperative US with CT and angiography. Radiology 166 405-410.
102. F. Gibril, J.C. Reynolds, I.A. Lubensky, P.K. Roy, P.L. Peghini, J.L. Doppman and R.T. Jensen (2000) Ability of somatostatin receptor scintigraphy to identify patients with gastric carcinoids: A prospective study. J. Nucl. Med. 41 1646-1656.
103. F. Gibril, Y.J. Chen, D.S. Schrump, A. Vortmeyer, Z. Zhuang, I.A. Lubensky, J.C. Reynolds, A. Louie, L.K. Entsuah, K. Huang, B. Asgharian and R.T. Jensen (2003) Prospective study of thymic carcinoids in patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 88 1066-1081.
104. F. Gibril, M. Schumann, A. Pace and R.T. Jensen (2004) Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome: A prospective study of 107 cases and comparison with 1009 cases from the literature. Medicine (Baltimore) 83 43-83.
105. J.D. Godwin 2nd (1975) Carcinoid tumors: An analysis of 2837 cases. Cancer 36 560-569.
106. P.E. Goretzki, C. Dotzenrath and H.D. Roher (1991) Management of primary hyperparathyroidism caused by multiglandular disease. World J. Surg. 15 693-697.
107. D. Granberg, M. Stridsberg, R. Seensalu, B. Eriksson, G. Lundqvist, K. Oberg and B. Skogseid (1999) Plasma chromogranin A in patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 84 2712-2717.
108. C.S. Grant and A. Weaver (1994) Treatment of primary parathyroid hyperplasia: Representative experience at Mayo Clinic. Acta Chir. Austriaca 26(Suppl. 112), 41-44.
109. S.C. Guru, P. Manickam, J.S. Crabtree, S.E. Olufemi, S.K. Agarwal and L.V. Debelenko (1998) Identification and characterization of the multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) gene. J. Intern. Med. 243(6), 433-439.
110. S.C. Guru, J.S. Crabtree, K.D. Brown, K.J. Dunn, P. Manickam, N.B. Prasad, D. Wangsa, A.L. Burns, A.M. Spiegel, S.J. Marx, W.J. Pavan, E.S. Collins and S.C. Chandrasekharappa (1999) Isolation, genomic organization, and expression analysis of MEN1, the murine homology of the MEN1 gene, Mamm. Genome. 10(6), 592-596.
111. W. Hao, M.C. Skarulis, W.F. Simonds, L.S. Weinstein, S.K. Agarwal, C. Mateo, L. James-Newton, G.R. Hobbs, F. Gibril, R.T. Jensen and S.J. Marx (2004) Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 variant with frequent prolactinoma and rare gastrinoma. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 89 3776-3784.
112. H.R. Harach and B. Jasani (1992) Parathyroid hyperplasia in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1: A pathological and immunohistochemical reappraisal. Histopathology 20 305-313.
113. H. Heath 3rd, S. Hodgson and M.A. Kennedy (1980) Primary hyperparathyroidism: Incidence, morbidity, and potential economic impact in a community. N. Engl. J. Med. 302 189-225.
114. P.U. Heitz, M. Kasper, G. Klöppel, J.M. Polak and J.L. Vaitukaitis (1983) Glycoprotein-hormone alpha-chain production by pancreatic endocrine tumors: A specific marker for malignancy. Immunocyto-chemical analysis of tumors of 155 patients. Cancer 51 277-282.
115. P. Hellman, B. Skogseid, C. Juhlin, G. Akerstrom and J. Rastad (1992) Findings and long-term result of parathyroid surgery in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1. World J. Surg. 16 718-723.
116. G.N. Hendy, H. Kaji, H. Sowa, J.J. Lebrun and L. Canaff (2005) Menin and TGF-β superfamily member signaling via the Smad pathway in pituitary, parathyroid and osteoblast. Horm. Metab. Res. 37 375-379.
117. C. Heppner, M.B. Kester, S.K. Agarwal, L.V. Debelenko, M.R. Emmert-Buck, S.C. Guru, P. Manickam, S.E. Olufemi, M.C. Skarulis, J.L. Doppman, R.H. Alexander, Y.S. Kim, S.K. Saggar, I.A. Lubensky, Z. Zhuang, L.A. Liotta, S.C. Chandrasekharappa, F.S. Collins, A.M. Spiegel, A.L. Burns and S.J. Marx (1997) Somatic mutation of the MEN1 gene in parathyroid tumours. Nat. Genet. 16(4), 375-378.
118. C. Heppner, K.Y. Bilimoria, S.K. Agarwal, M. Kester, L.J. Whitty, S.C. Guru, S.C. Chandrasekharappa, F.S. Collins, A.M. Spiegel, S.J. Marx and A.L. Burns (2001) The tumor suppressor protein menin interacts with NF-κB proteins and inhibits NF-κB-mediated transactivation. Oncogene 20 4917-4925.
119. T. Hoang-Xuan and J.W. Steger (1999) Adult-onset angiofibroma and multiple endocrine neoplasia type I. J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. 41(5 Pt. 2), 890-892.
120. M. Honda, T. Tsukada, T. Horiuchi, R. Tanaka, K. Yamaguchi, T. Obara, H. Miyakawa, T. Yamaji and M. Ishibashi (2004) Primary hyperparathyroidism associatiated with aldosterone-producing adrenocortical adenoma and breast cancer: Relation to MEN1 gene. Intern. Med. 43 310-314.
121. S.C. Huang, Z. Zhuang, R.J. Weil, S. Pack, C. Wang, H.C. Krutzsch, T.A. Pham and I.A. Lubensky (1999) Nuclear/cytoplasmic localization of the multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 gene product, menin. Lab. Invest. 79 301-310.
122. C.M. Hughes, O. Rozenblatt-Rosen, T.A. Milne, T.D. Copeland, S.S. Levine, J.C. Lee, D.N. Hayes, K.S. Shanmugam, A. Bhattacharjee, C.A. Biondi, G.F. Kay, N.K. Hayward, J.L. Hess and M. Meyerson (2004) Menin associates with a trithorax family histone methyltransferase complex and with the hoxc8 locus. Mol. Cell. 13 587-597.
123. Y. Ikeo, A. Sakurai, R. Suzuki, M.X. Zhang, S. Koizumi, Y. Takeuchi, W. Yumita, J. Nakayama and K. Hashizume (2000) Proliferation-associated expression of the MEN1 gene as revealed by in situ hybridization: Possible role of the menin as a negative regulator of cell proliferation under DNA damage. Lab. Invest. 80(6), 797-804.
124. H. Ikota, A. Tanimoto, H. Komatsu, Y. Ozawa and H. Matsushita (2004) Ureteral leiomyoma causing hydronephrosis in Type 1 multiple endocrine neoplasia. Pathol. Int. 54 457-459.
125. M. Imamura and K. Takahashi (1993) Use of selective arterial secretin test to guide surgery in patients with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. World J. Surg. 17 433-438.
126. Y. Itakura, A. Sakurai, M. Katai, Y. Ikeo and K. Hashizume (2000) Enhanced sensitivity to alkylating agent in lymphocytes from patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1. Biomed. Pharmacother. 54(Suppl l), 187s-s190s.
127. R.T. Jensen (1997) Management of the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome in patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1. J. Intern. Med. 243(6), 477-488.
128. R.T. Jensen (1999) Pancreatic endocrine tumors: Recent advances. Ann. Oncol. 10(Suppl 4), 170-176.
129. R.T. Jensen and J.D. Gardner (1991) Zollinger-Ellison syndrome: Clinical presentation, pathology, diagnosis and treatment. A. Dannenberg, D. Zakim (Eds) Peptic Ulcer and Other Acid-Related Diseases New York: Academic Research Association 117-211.
130. R.T. Jensen and J.D. Gardner (1993) Gastrinoma. V.L.W. Go, J.D. Gardner (Eds) The Pancreas: Biology, Pathobiology, and Diseases 2nd edn. New York: Raven Press 55-78.
131. S. Jin, H. Mao, R.W. Schnepp, S.M. Sykes, A.C. Silva, A.D. D'Andrea and X. Hua (2003) Menin associates with FANCD2, a protein involved in repair of DNA damage. Cancer Res. 63 4204-4210.
132. P.H. Jordan Jr (1999) A personal experience with pancreatic and duodenal neuroendocrine tumors. J. Am. Coll. Surg. 189 470-482.
133. H. Kaji, L. Canaff, J.J. Lebrun, D. Goltzman and G.N. Hendy (2001) Inactivation of menin, a Smad3 interacting protein, blocks transforming growth factor type beta signaling. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 98 3837-3842.
134. P.H. Kann, E. Balakina, D. Ivan, D.K. Bartsch, S. Meyer, K.J. Klose, T.J. Belr and P. Langer (2006) Natural course of small, asymptomatic neuroendocrine pancreatic tumors in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1: An endoscopic ultrasound imaging study. Endocr. Relat. Cancer 13 1195-1202.
135. S.K. Karnik, C.M. Hughes, X. Gu, O. Rozenblatt-Rosen, G.W. McLean, Y. Xiong, M. Meyerson and S.K. Kim (2005) Menin regulates pancreatic islet growth by promoting histone methylation and expression of genes encoding p27Kip1 and p18INK4c. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 102 14659-14664.
136. M. Kassem, X. Zhang, S. Brask, E.F. Eriksen, L. Mosekilde and T.A. Kruse (1994) Familial isolated primary hyperparathyroidism. Clin. Endocrinol. (Oxford) 41(4), 415-420.
137. M. Kassem, T.A. Kruse, F.K. Wong, C. Larsson and B.T. Teh (2000) Familial isolated hyperparathyroidism as a variant of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 in a large Danish pedigree. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 85(1), 165-167.
138. M. Kishi, T. Tsukada, S. Shimizu, H. Futami, Y. Ito, M. Kanbe, T. Obara and K. Yamaguchi (1998) A large germline deletion of the MEN1 gene in a family with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1. Jpn. J. Cancer Res. 89 1-5.
139. M. Kleerekoper (1995) Clinical course of primary hyperparathyroidism. J.P. Bilezikian, R. Marcus, M.A. Levine (Eds) The Parathyroid. Basic and Clinical Concepts New York: Raven Press 471-484.
140. R.D. Klein, S. Salih, J. Bessoni and A.E. Bale (2005) Clinical testing for multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 in a DNA diagnostic laboratory. Genet. Med. 7(2), 131-138.
141. G. Klöppel, S. Willemer, B. Stamm, W.H. Hacki and P. Heitz (1986) Pancreatic lesions and hormonal profile of pancreatic tumors in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1. An immunocytochemical study of nine patients. Cancer 57 1824-1832.
142. G. Klöppel, A. Perren and P.U. Heitz (2004) The gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine cell system and its tumors: The WHO classification. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 1014 13-27.
143. A.G. Knudson (1993) Antioncogenes and human cancer. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90 10914-10921.
144. P. Komminoth (1997) Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 and 2: From morphology to molecular pathology 1997. Verh. Deutsch. Ges. Pathol. 81 125-138.
145. J.L. Kraimps, Q.-Y. Duh Quan-Yang, M. Demeure and O.H. Clark (1992) Hyperparathyroidism in multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome. Surgery 112 1080-1088.
146. P. La, A.C. Silva, Z. Hou, H. Wang, R.W. Schnepp, N. Yan, Y. Shi and X. Hua (2004) Direct binding of DNA by tumor suppressor menin. J. Biol. Chem. 279(47), 49045-49054.
147. P. La, R.W.D. Schnepp, C. Petersen, A. Silva and X. Hua (2004) Tumor suppressor menin regulates expression of insulin-like growth factor binding protein 2. Endocrinology 145(7), 3443-3450.
148. P. La, A. Desmond, Z. Hou, A.C. Silva, R.W. Schnepp and X. Hua (2006) Tumor suppressor menin: The essential role of nuclear localization signal domains in coordinating gene expression. Oncogene 25(25), 3537-3546.
149. A. Lacerte, E.H. Lee, R. Reynaud, L. Canaff, C. De Guise, D. Devost, S. Ali, G.N. Hendy and J.J. Lebrun (2004) Activin inhibits pituitary prolactin expression and cell growth though Smads, Pit-1 and menin. Mol. Endocrinol. 18 1558-1569.
150. T.C. Lairmore, LD. Piersall, M.K. DeBenedetti, W.G. Dilley, M.G. Mutch, A.J. Whelan and B. Zehnbauer (2004) Clinical genetic testing and early surgical intervention in patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN 1). Ann. Surg. 239 637-645.
151. S.W. Lamberts, G.F. Pieters, H.J. Metselaar, G.L. Ong, H.S. Tan and J.C. Reubi (1988) Development of resistance to a long-acting somatostatin analogue during treatment of two patients with metastatic endocrine pancreatic tumors. Acta Endocrinol. 119 561-566.
152. C.B. Lamers and P.G. Froeling (1979) Clinical significance of hyperparathyroidism in familial multiple endocrine adenomatosis type 1 (MEAI). Am. J. Med. 66 422-424.
153. P. Langer, K. Cupisti, D.K. Bartsch, C. Nies, P.E. Goretzki, M. Rothmund and H.D. Roher (2002) Adrenal involvement in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1. World J. Surg. 26 891-896.
154. C. Larsson, B. Skogseid, K. Oberg, Y. Nakamura and M. Nordenskjold (1988) Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 gene maps to chromosome 11 and is lost in insulinoma. Nature 332 85-87.
155. C. Larsson, J. Shepherd, Y. Nakamura, C. Blonberg, G. Weber, B. Wereluis, N. Hatward, B. Teh, T. Tokino and B. Seizinger (1992) Predictive testing for multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 using DNA polymorphisms. J. Clin. Invest. 89(4), 1344-1349.
156. C. Larsson, A. Calendar, S. Grimmond, S. Giraud, N.K. Hayward, B. Teh and F. Farnebo (1995) Molecular tools for presymptomatic testing in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1. J. Int. Med. 238 239-244.
157. M.F. Le Bodic, M.F. Heymann, M. Lecomte, N. Berger, F. Berger, A. Louvel, C. De Micco, M. Patey, A. De Mascarel, F. Burtin and J.P. Saint-Andre (1996) Immunohistochemical study of 100 pancreatic tumors in 28 patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia, type 1. Am. J. Surg. Pathol. 20(11), 1378-1384.
158. I. Lemmens, W.J.M. Van de Ven, K. Kas, C.X. Zhang, S. Giraud, V. Wautot, N. Buisson, K. De Witte, J. Salandre, G. Lenoir, M. Pugeat, A. Calender, F. Parente, D. Quincey, P. Gaudray, M.J. De Wit, C.J.M. Lips, J.M.W. Höppener, S. Khodaei, A.L. Grant, G. Weber, S. Kytölä, B.T. Teh, F. Farnebo, C. Phelan, N. Hayward, C. Larsson, A.A.J. Pannett, S.A. Forbes, J.H.D. Bassett and R.V. Thakker (1997) Identification of the multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) gene. The European Consortium on MEN1. Hum. Mol. Genet. 6(7), 1177-1183.
159. S.Y. Lin and S.J. Elledge (2003) Multiple tumor suppressor pathways negatively regulate telomerase. Cell 113 881-889.
160. C.Y. Lo, K.Y. Lam and S.T. Fan (1998) Surgical strategy for insulinomas in multiple endocrine neoplasia type I. Am. J. Surg. 175 305-307.
161. K.A. Loffler, C.A. Biondi, M.G. Gartside, M.M. Serewko-Auret, R. Duncan, I.D. Tonks, A.W. Mould, P. Waring, H.K. Muller, G.F. Kay and N.K. Hayward (2007) Lack of augmentation of tumor spectrum or severity in dual heterozygous Men1 and Rb1 knockout mice. Oncogene 26(27), 4009-4017.
162. J. Lopez-Egido, J. Cunningham, M. Berg, K. Oberg, E. Bongcam-Rudloff and A. Gobl (2002) Menin's interaction withglialfibrillary acidic protein and vimentin suggests a role for the intermediate filament network in regulating menin activity. Exp. Cell Res. 278 175-183.
163. I.A. Lubensky, L.V. Debelenko, Z.P. Zhuang, M.R. Emmert-Buck, Q. Dong, S. Chandrasekharappa, S.C. Guru, P. Manickam, S.-E. Olufemi, S.J. Marx, A.M. Spiegel, F.S. Collins and L.A. Liotta (1996) Allelic deletions on chromosome 11q13 in multiple tumors from individual MEN1 patients. Cancer Res. 56 5272-5278.
164. D.C. Luccio-Camelo, K.N. Une, R.E. Ferreira, S.K. Khoo, R. Nickolov, M.D. Bronstein, M. Vaisman, B.T. Teh, L.A. Frohman, B.B. Mendonca and M.R. Gadelha (2004) A meiotic recombination in a new isolated familial somatotropinoma kindred. Eur. J. Endocrinol. 150 643-648.
165. J.T. Majewski and S.D. Wilson (1979) The MEA-1 syndrome: An all or none phenomenon? Surgery 86 475-484.
166. W.B. Malarkey (1979) Prolactin and the diagnosis of pituitary tumors. Annu. Rev. Med. 30 249-258.
167. L.E. Mallette (1994) Management of hyperparathyroidism in the multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome and other familial endocrinopathies. Endocrinol. Metab. Clin. North. Am. 23 19-36.
168. S.J. Marx (2001) Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1. C.R. Scriver, A.L. Beaudet, W.S. Sly, D. Valle (Eds) The Metabolic and Molecular Bases of Inherited Disease 8th ed New York: McGraw-Hill
169. S.J. Marx and W.F. Simonds (2005) Hereditary hormone excess: Genes, molecular pathways, and syndromes. Endocr. Rev. 26(5), 615-661.
170. S.J. Marx, A.M. Spiegel, M.A. Levine, R.E. Rizzoli, R.D. Lasker, A.C. Santora, R.W. Downs Jr. and G.D. Aurbach (1982) Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia: The relation to primary parathyroid hyperplasia. N. Engl. J. Med. 307 416-426.
171. S.J. Marx, A.I. Vinik, R.J. Santen, J.C. Floyd Jr., J.L. Mills and J. Green (1986) Multiple endocrine neoplasia type I: Assessment Molecular Mechanisms of Bone Disease of laboratory tests to screen for the gene in a large kindred. Medicine 65 226-241.
172. S.J. Marx, J. Menczel, G. Campbell, G.D. Aurbach, A.M. Spiegel and J.A. Norton (1991) Heterogeneous size of the parathyroid glands in familial multiple endocrine neoplasia type-1. Clin. Endocrinol. 35 521-526.
173. S.J. Marx, S.K. Agarwal, M.B. Kester, C. Heppner, Y.S. Kim, M.R. Emmert-Buck, L.V. Debelenko, I.A. Lubensky, Z. Zhuang, S.C. Guru, P. Manickam, S.E. Olufemi, M.C. Skarulis, J.L. Doppman, R.H. Alexander, L.A. Liotta, F.S. Collins, S.C. Chandrasekharappa, A.M. Spiegel and A.L. Burns (1998) Germline and somatic mutation of the gene for multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1). J. Intern. Med. 243(6), 447-453.
174. P.N. Maton and Y. Dayal (1991) Clinical implication of hypergastrinemia. A. Dannenberg, D. Zakim (Eds) Peptic Ulcer and Other Acid-Related Diseases New York: Academic Research Association 213-246.
175. P.N. Maton, J.D. Gardner and R.T. Jensen (1986) Cushing's syndrome in patients with the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. N. Engl. J. Med. 315 1-5.
176. P.N. Maton, J.D. Gardner and R.T. Jensen (1989) Use of long-acting somatostatin analogue SMS 201–995 in patients with pancreatic islet cell tumors. Dig. Dis. Sci. 34 28s-s37s.
177. J.L. McKeeby, X. Li, Z. Zhuang, A.O. Vortmeyer, S. Huang, M. Pirner, M.C. Skarulis, L. James-Newton, S.J. Marx and I.A. Lubensky (2001) Multiple leiomyomas of the esophagus, lung, and uterus in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1. Am. J. Pathol. 159 1121-1127.
178. W.S. Melvin, J.A. Johnson, J. Sparks, J.T. Innes and E.C. Ellison (1993) Long-term prognosis of Zollinger-Ellison syndrome in multiple endocrine neoplasia. Surgery 114 1183-1188.
179. D.C. Metz and R.T. Jensen (1993) Endocrine tumors of pancreas. W.B. Haubrich, F. Berk, J.E. Schaffner (Eds) Bockus Gastroenterology Philadelphia: Saunders 84-115.
180. D.C. Metz, R.T. Jansen, A.E. Bale, M.C. Skarulis, R.C. Eastman, L. Nieman, J.A. Norton, E. Friedman, C. Larsson, A. Amorosi, M.L. Brandi and S.J. Marx (1994) Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1: Clinical feature and management. J.P. Bilezikian, M.A. Levine, R. Marcus (Eds) The Parathyroids New York: Raven Press 591-646.
181. S. Miedlich, T. Lohmann, U. Schneyer, P. Lamesch and R. Paschke (2001) Familial isolated primary hyperparathyroidism—a multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 variant? Enr. J. Endocrinol. 145 155-160.
182. M. Mignon, P. Ruszniewski, P. Podevin, L. Sabbagh, G. Cadiot, D. Rigaud and S. Bonfils (1993) Current approach to the management of gastrinoma and insulinoma in adults with multiple endocrine neoplasia type I. World J. Surg. 17 489-497.
183. T.A. Milne, S.D. Briggs, H.W. Brock, M.E. Martin, D. Gibbs, C.D. Allis and J.L. Hess (2002) MLL targets SET domain methyltransferase activity to Hox gene promoters. Mol. Cell. 10 1107-1117.
184. T.A. Milne, C.M. Hughes, R. Lloyd, Z. Yang, O. Rozenblatt-Rosen, Y. Dou, R.W. Schnepp, C. Krankel, V.A. Livolsi, D. Gibbs, X. Hua, R.G. Roeder, M. Meyerson and J.L. Hess (2005) Menin and MLL cooperatively regulate expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 102 749-754.
185. A. Morelli, A. Falchetti, L. Weinstein, S. Fabiani, P. Tomassetti, G. Enzi, R. Carraro, C. Bordi, F. Tonelli and M.L. Brandi (1995) RFLP analysis of human chromosome 11 region q13 in multiple symmetric lipomatosis and multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1-associated lipomas. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 207 363-368.
186. A. Morelli, A. Falchetti, A. Amorosi, F. Tonelli, I. Bearzi, R. Ranaldi, P. Tomassetti and M.L. Brandi (1996) Clonal analysis by chromosome 11 microsatellite-PCR of microdissected parathyroid tumors from MEN 1 patients. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 227 736-742.
187. J. Naito, H. Kaji, H. Sowa, G.N. Hendy, T. Sugimoto and K. Chihara (2005) Menin suppresses osteoblast differentiation by antagonizing the AP-1 factor, JunD. J. Biol. Chem. 280 4785-4791.
188. H. Namihira, M. Sato, K. Murao, W.M. Cao, S. Matsubara, H. Imachi, M. Niimi, H. Dobashi, N.C. Wong and T. Ispida (2002) The multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 gene product, menin, inhibits the human prolactin promoter activity. J. Mol. Endocrinol. 29 297-304.
189. B. Nord, A. Platz, K. Smoczynski, S. Kytola, G. Robertson, A. Calender, A. Murat, D. Weintraub, J. Burgess, M. Edwards, B. Skogseid, D. Owen, N. Lassam, D. Hogg, C. Larsson and B.T. Teh (2000) Malignant melanoma in patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 and involvement of the MEN1 gene in sporadic melanoma. Int. J. Cancer 87 463-467.
190. J.A. Norton, B. Levin and R.T. Jensen (1993) Principles and practice of oncology. V.T. DeVita, S. Hellman, S.A. Rosenberg (Eds) Cancer 4th ed Philadelphia: Lippincott 1335-1435.
191. J.A. Norton, D.L. Fraker, H.R. Alexander, D.J. Venzon, J.L. Doppman, J. Serrano, S.U. Goebel, P.L. Pegnini, P.K. Roy, F. Gibril and R.T. Jensen (1999) Surgery to cure the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. N. Engl. J. Med. 341 635-644.
192. J.A. Norton, M.L. Melcher, F. Gibril, et al. (2004) Gastric Carcinoid tumors in multiple endocrine neoplasia-1 patients with zallinger-Ellison syndrome can be symptomatic, demonstrate aggressive growth, and require surgical treatment. Surgery 136 1267-1274.
193. S.R. Nussbaum and J.T. Potts Jr. (1991) Immunoassays for parathyroid hormone 1–84 in the diagnosis of hyperparathyroidism. J. Bone Miner. Res. 6 S43-sS50.
194. K. Oberg, O. Walinder, H. Bostrom, G. Luondqvist and L. Wide (1982) Peptide hormone markers in screening for endocrine tumors in multiple endocrine adenomatosis type 1. Am. J. Med. 73 619-630.
195. K. Oberg, B. Skogseid and B. Eriksson (1989) Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN-1). Acta. Oncol. 28 383-387.
196. S.E. Olufemi, J.S. Green, P. Manickam, S.C. Guru, S.K. Agarwal, M.B. Kester, Q. Dong, A.L. Burns, A.M. Spiegel, S.J. Marx, F.S. Collins and S.C. Chandrasekharappa (1998) Common ancestral mutation in the MEN1 gene is likely responsible for the prolactinoma variant of MEN1 (MEN1 Burin) in four kindreds from Newfoundland. Hum. Mutat. 11(4), 264-269.
197. D.S. O'Riordain, T. O'Brian, C.S. Grant, A. Weaner, H. Gharib and J.A. Van Heerden (1993) Surgical management of primary hyperparathyroidism in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 and 2. Surgery 114 1031-1039.
198. D.S. O'Riordain, T. O'Brien, J.A. van Herdeen, F.J. Service and C.S. Grant (1994) Surgical management of insulinoma associated with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1. World J. Surg. 18 488-494.
199. A. Ozawa1, S.K. Agarwal, C.M. Mateo1, A.L. Burns, T.S. Rice1, P.A. Kennedy, C.M. Quigley, W.F. Simonds, L.S. Weinstein, S.C. Chandrasekharappa, F.S. Collins, A.M. Spiegel and S.J. Marx (2007) The parathyroid/pituitary variant of MEN1 usually has causes other than p27Kip1 mutations. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 92(5), 1948-1951.
200. S. Pack, M.L. Turner, Z. Zhuang, A.O. Vortmeyer, R. Boni, M. Skarulis, S.J. Marx and T.N. Darling (1998) Cutaneous tumors in patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 show allelic deletion of the MEN1 gene. J. Invest. Dermatol. 110(4), 438-440.
201. B. Padberg, S. Schröder, C. Capella, A. Frilling, G. Klöppel and P.U. Heitz (1995) Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN 1) revisited. Virchows Arch. 426 541-548.
202. A.A. Pannett, A.M. Kennedy, J.J. Turner, S.A. Forbes, B.M. Cavaco, J.H. Bassett, L. Cianferotti, B. Harding, B. Shine, F. Flinter, C.G. Maidment, R. Trembath and R.V. Thakker (2003) Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) germline mutations in familial isolated primary hyperparathyroidism. Clin. Endocrinol. (Oxford) 58 639-646.
203. M. Peacock, J.P. Bilezikian, P.S. Klassen, M.D. Guo, S.A. Turner and D. Shoback (2005) Cinacalcet hydrochloride maintains long-term normocalcemia in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 90 135-141.
204. N.S. Pellegata, L. Quintanilla-Martinez, H. Siggelkow, E. Samson, K. Bink, H. Hofler, F. Fend, J. Graw and M.J. Atkinson (2006) Germ-line mutations in p27Kip1 cause a multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome in rats and humans. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 103(42), 15558-15563. Erratum in, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA Dec12 103(50), 19213–19215
205. A. Perren, M. Anlauf, T. Henopp, T. Rudolph, A. Schmitt, A. Raffel, O. Gimm, E. Weihe, W.T. Knoefel, H. Dralle, P.U. Heitz, P. Komminoth and G. Klöppel (2006) Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1: Loss of one MEN1 allele in tumors and monohormonal endocrine cell clusters, but not in islet hyperplasia of the pancreas: A combined FISH and immunofluorescence study. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 4 [Epub ahead of print]
206. E.M. Petty, J.S. Green, S.J. Marx, R.T. Taggart, N. Farid and A.E. Bale (1994) Mapping the gene for hereditary hyperparathyroidism and prolactinoma (MEN1 Burin) to chromosome 11q: Evidence for a founder effect in patients from Newfoundland. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 54 1060-1066.
207. F.P. Pilato, T. D'Adda, E. Banchini and C. Bordi (1988) Nonrandom expression of polypeptide hormones in pancreatic endocrine tumors. Cancer 61 1815-1820.
208. M. Pipeleers-Marichal, G. Somers, G. Willems, A. Foulis, C. Imrie, A.E. Bishop, J.M. Polak, W.H. Hacki, B. Stamm, P.U. Heitz and G. Klöppel (1990) Gastrinomas in the duodenums of patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 and the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. N. Engl. J. Med. 322 723-727.
209. A. Poisson, B. Zablewska and P. Gaudray (2003) Menin interacting proteins as clues toward the understanding of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1. Cancer Lett. 189 1-10.
210. M.R. Pollak, E.M. Brown, Y.H. Chou, S.C. Hebert, S.J. Marx, B. Steinmann, T. Levi, C.E. Seidman and J.G. Seidman (1993) Mutations in the human Ca2+-sensing receptor gene cause familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia and neonatal severe hyperparathyroidism. Cell 75(7), 1297-1303.
211. R.A. Prinz, O.P. Gamvros, D. Sellu and J.A. Lynn (1981) Subtotal parathyroidectomy for primary chief cell hyperplasia of the multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 syndrome. Ann. Surg. 193 26-29.
212. G. Rindi, C. Bordi, S. Rappel, S. LaRosa, M. Stolte and E. Solcia (1996) Gastric carcinoids and neuroendocrine carcinomas: Pathogenesis, pathology and behavior. Clinicopathologic analysis of 205 cases. World J. Surg. 20 158-172.
213. G. Rindi, D. Paolotti, R. Fiocca, B. Wiedenmann, J.-P. Henry and E. Solcia (2000) Vesicular monoamine transporter 2 as a marker of gastric enterochromaffin-like cell tumors. Virchows Arch. 436 217-223.
214. R. Rizzoli, J. Green and S.D.J. Marx (1985) Primary hyperparathyroidism in familial multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1: Long-term followup of serum calcium after parathyroidectomy. Am. J. Med. 78 467-474.
215. N. Sachithanandan, R.A. Harle and J.R. Burgess (2005) Bronchopulmonary carcinoid in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1. Cancer 103 509-515.
216. A. Sakurai, M. Katai, Y. Itakura, Y. Ikeo and K. Hashizume (1999) Premature centromere division in patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1. Cancer Genet. Cytogenet. 109(2), 138-140.
217. A. Sakurai, K. Matsumoto, Y. Ikeo, S.I. Nishio, T. Kakiwaza, F. Arakura, Y. Ishihara, T. Sato and K. Hashizure (2000) Frequency of facial angiofibromas in Japanese patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1. Endocr. J. 47 569-573.
218. M. Sato, A. Miyauchi, H. Namihira, M.M. Bhuiyan, H. Imachi, K. Murao and J. Takahara (2000) A newly recognized germline mutation of MEN1 gene identified in a patient with parathyroid adenoma and carcinoma. Endocrine 12(3), 223-226.
219. M.A. Satta, M. Korbonits, R.A. Jacobs, D.A. Bolden-Dwinfour, G.A. Kaltsas, V. Vangeli, E. Adams, R. Fahlbusch and A.B. Grossman (1999) Expression of menin gene mRNA in pituitary tumors. Eur. J. Endocrinol. 140 358-361.
220. Y. Sayo, K. Murao, H. Imachi, W.M. Cao, M. Sato, H. Dobashi, N.C. Wong and T. Ispida (2002) The multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 gene product, menin, inhibits insulin production in rat insulinoma cells. Endocrinology 143 2347-2440.
221. P.C. Scacheri, J.S. Crabtree, A.L. Kennedy, G.P. Swain, J.M. Ward, S.J. Marx, A.M. Spiegel and F.S. Collins (2004) Homozygous loss of menin is well tolerated in liver, a tissue not affected in MEN1. Mamm. Genome. 15(11), 872-877.
222. P.C. Scacheri, S. Davis, D.T. Odom, G.E. Crawford, S. Perkins, M.J. Halawi, S.K. Agarwal, S.J. Marx, A.M. Spiegel, P.S. Meltzer and F.S. Collins (2006) Genome-wide analysis of menin binding provides insights into MEN1 tumorigenesis. PLoS Genet. 2(4), 1-14.
223. R. Schade, F. Anderson, S. Suissa, W. Haverkamp and E. Garde (2007) Dopamine agonists and the risk of cardiac-valve regurgitation. N. Engl. J. Med. 356 29-38.
224. B.W. Scheithauer, E.R. Laws, K. Kovacs, E. Horvath, R.V. Randall and J.A. Carney (1987) Pituitary adenomas of the multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 syndrome. Semin. Diag. Pathol. 4 205-211.
225. J.R. Schmid, A. Labhart and P.H. Rossier (1961) Relationship of multiple endocrine adenomas to the syndrome of ulcerogenic islet cell adenomas (Zollinger-Ellison). Occurrence of both syndromes in one family. Am. J. Med. 31 343-348.
226. R.W. Schnepp, Z. Hou, H. Wang, C. Petersen, A. Silva, H. Masai and X. Hua (2004) Functional interaction between tumor suppressor menin and activator of S-phase kinase. Cancer Res. 64 6791-6796.
227. I.I. Schnirer, J.C. Yao and J.A. Ajani (2003) Carcinoid—a comprehensive review. Acta Oncol. 42 672-692.
228. T.M. Shattuck, S. Valimaki, T. Obara, R.D. Gaz, O.H. Clark, D. Shoback, M.E. Wierman, K. Tojo, C.M. Robbins, J.D. Carpten, L.O. Farnebo, C. Larsson and A. Arnold (2003) Somatic and germ-line mutations of the HRPT2 gene in sporadic parathyroid carcinoma. N. Engl. J. Med. 349 1722-1729.
229. B.C. Sheppard, J.A. Norton, J.L. Doppman, P.N. Maton, J.D. Gardner and R.T. Jensen (1989) Management of islet cell tumors in patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia: A prospective study. Surgery 106 1108-1118.
230. D. Simon, A. Starke, P.E. Goretzki and H.D. Roeher (1998) Reoperative surgery for organic hyperinsulinism: Indications and operative strategy. World J. Surg. 22 666-671.
231. W.F. Simonds, L.A. James-Newton, S.K. Agarwal, B. Yang, M.C. Skarulis, G.N. Hendy and S.J. Marx (2002) Familial isolated hyperparathyroidism: clinical and genetic characteristics of 36 kindreds. Medicine (Baltimore) 81 1-26.
232. W.F. Simonds, CR. Robbins, S.K. Agarwal, G.N. Hendy, J.D. Carpten and S.J. Marx (2004) Familial isolated hyperparathyroidism is rarely caused by germline mutation in HRPT2, the gene for the hyperparathyroidism-jaw tumor syndrome. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 89 96-102.
233. M.C. Skarulis (1998) Clinical expressions of MENI at NIH. Ann. Int. Med. 129 484-494.
234. B. Skogseid, K. Oberg, L. Benson, P.G. Lindgren, L.E. Lörelius, G. Lundquist, L. Wide and E. Wilander (1987) A standardized meal stimulation test of the endocrine pancreas for early detection of pancreatic endocrine tumors in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 syndrome: Five years experience. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 64 1233-1240.
235. B. Skogseid, B. Eriksson, G. Lundqvist, L.E. Lörelius, J. Rastad, L. Wide, G. Akerström and K. Oberg (1991) Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1: A 10-year prospective screening study in four kindreds. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 73 281-287.
236. B. Skogseid, C. Larsson, P.G. Lindgran, E. Kvanta, J. Rastad, E. Theodorsson, L. Wide, E. Wilander and K. Oberg (1992) Clinical and genetic features of adrenocortical lesions in multiple endocrine neoplasia type I. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 75 76-81.
237. B. Skogseid, J. Rastad, A. Gobl, C. Larsson, K. Backlin, C. Juhlin, G. Akerstrom and K. Oberg (1995) Adrenal lesion in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1. Surgery 118(6), 1077-1082.
238. B. Skogseid, K. Oberg, B. Eriksson, C. Juhlin, D. Granberg, G. Akerstrom and J. Rastad (1996) Surgery for asymptomatic pancreatic lesion in multiple endocrine neoplasia type I. World J. Surg. 20(7), 872-876.
239. E. Solcia, C. Bordi, W. Creutzfeldt, Y. Dayal, A.D. Dayan, S. Falkmer, L. Grimelius and N. Havu (1988) Histopathological classification of nonantral gastric endocrine growths in man. Digestion 41 185-200.
240. E. Solcia, C. Capella, R. Fiocca, G. Rindi and J. Rosai (1990) Gastric argyrophil carcinoidosis in patients with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome due to type 1 multiple endocrine neoplasia: A newly recognized association. Am. J. Surg. Pathol. 14 503-513.
241. H. Sowa, H. Kaji, G.N. Hendy, L. Canaff, T. Komori, T. Sugimoto and K. Chihara (2004) Menin is required for bone morphogenetic protein 2- and transforming growth factor β-regulated osteoblastic differentiation through interaction with Smads and Runx2. J. Biol. Chem. 279 40267-40275.
242. H. Sowa, H. Kaji, R. Kitazawa, S. Kitazawa, T. Tsukamoto, S. Yano, T. Tsukada, L. Canaff, G.N. Hendy, T. Sugimoto and K. Chihara (2004) Menin inactivation leads to loss of transforming growth factor beta inhibition of parathyroid cell proliferation and parathyroid hormone secretion. Cancer Res. 64(6), 2222-2228.
243. P. Stalberg, P. Grimfjard, M. Santesson, Y. Zhou, D. Lindberg, A. Gobl, K. Oberg, G. Westin, J. Rastad, S. Wang and B. Skogseid (2004) Transfection of the multiple endocrine neoplasia type1 gene to a human endocrine pancreatic tumor cell line inhibits cell growth and affects expression of JunD, delta-like protein 1/preadipocyte factor-1, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, and QM/Jif-1. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 89 2326-2337.
244. C. Stewart, F. Parente, F. Piehl, F. Farnebo, D. Quincey, G. Silins, L. Bergman, G.F. Carle, I. Lemmens, S. Grimmond, C.Z. Xian, S. Khodei, B.T. Teh, J. Lagercrantz, P. Siggers, Calender, Van de Vem, A.V.K. Kas, Weber, G.N. Hayward, P. Gaudray and C. Larsson (1998) Characterization of the mouse Men1 gene and its expression during development. Oncogene 17 2485-2493.
245. C.A. Stratakis, D.H. Schussheim, S.M. Freedman, M.F. Keil, S.D. Pack, S.K. Agarwal, M.C. Skarulis, R.J. Weil, I.A. Lubensky, Z. Zhuang, E.H. Oldfield and S.J. Marx (2000) Pituitary macroadenoma in a 5 year old: An early expression of MEN1. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 85 4776-4780.
246. K.E. Sukhodolets, A.B. Hickman, S.K. Agarwal, M.V. Sukhodolets, V.H. Obungu, E.A. Novotny, J.S. Crabtree, S.C. Chandrasekharappa, F.S. Collins, A.M. Spiegel, A.L. Burns and S.J. Marx (2003) The 32-kilodalton subunit of replication protein A interacts with menin, the product of the MEN1 tumor suppressor gene. Mol. Cell. Biol. 23 493-509.
247. K. Suphapeetiporn, J.M. Greally, D. Walpita, T. Ashley and A.E. Bale (2002) MEN1 tumor-suppressor protein localizes to telomers during meiosis. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 35 81-85.
248. J. Szabo, B. Heath, V.M. Hill, C.E. Jackson, R. Zarbo, L. Mallette, S.L. Chew, R.V. Thakker, G.M. Besser, M. Leppert and H. Heath 3rd (1994) Hereditary hyperparathyroidism-jaw tumor syndrome maps to the long arm of chromosome 1. J. Bone Miner. Res. 9(Suppl. 1), S151. [Abstract]
249. C. Tanaka, K. Yoshimoto, S. Yamada, H. Nishioka, S. Ii, M. Moritani, T. Yamaoka and M. Itakura (1998) Absence of germ-line mutations of the multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) gene in familial pituitary adenoma in contrast to MEN1 in Japanese. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 83(3), 960-965.
250. B.T. Teh, J. McArdle, S.P. Chan, J. Menon, L. Hartley, P. Pullan, J. Ho, A. Khir, S. Wilkinson, C. Larsson, D. Cameron and J. Shepherd (1997) Clinicopathologic studies of thymic carcinoids in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1. Medicine 76(1), 21-29.
251. B.T. Teh, F. Farnebo, S. Twigg, A. Hoog, S. Kytola, E. Korpi-Hyovalti, F.K. Wong, J. Nordenstrom, L. Grimelius, K. Sandelin, B. Robinson, L.O. Farnebo and C. Larsson (1998) Familial isolated hyperparathyroidism maps to the hyperparathyroidism-jaw tumor locus in 1q21-q32 in a subset of families. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 83(6), 2114-2120.
252. B.T. Teh, S. Kytola, F. Farnebo, L. Bergman, F.K. Wong, G. Weber, N. Hayward, C. Larsson, B. Skogseid, A. Beckers, C. Phelan, M. Edwards, M. Epstein, F. Alford, D. Hurley, S. Grimmond, G. Silins, M. Walters, C. Stewart, J. Cardinal, S. Khodaei, F. Parente, L. Tranebjærg, R. Jorde, J. Menon, A. Khir, T.T. Tan, S.P. Chan, A. Zaini, B.A.K. Khalid, K. Sandelin, N. Thompson, M.-L. Brandi, M. Warth, J. Stock, J. Leisti, D. Cameron, J.J. Shepherd, K. Öberg, M. Nordenskjöld and P. Salmela (1998) Mutation analysis of the MEN1 gene in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1, familial acromegaly and familial isolated hyperparathyroidism. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 83(8), 2621-2626.
253. R.V. Thakker (2001) Multiple endocrine neoplasia. Horm. Res. 56(Suppl. 1), 67-72.
254. N.W. Thompson and K. Sandelin (1994) Technical considerations in the surgical management of primary hyperparathyroidism caused by multiple gland disease (hyperplasia). Acta Chir. Austriaca 26(Suppl. 112), 16-19.
255. N.W. Thompson, R.V. Lloyd, R.H. Nishiyama, A.I. Vinik, W.E. Strodel, M.D. Allo, F.E. Eckhauser, G. Talpos and T. Mervak (1984) MEN I pancreas: A histological and immunohistochemical study. World J. Surg. 8 561-574.
256. N.W. Thompson, J. Pasieka and A. Fukuuchi Atsushi (1993) Dudenal dastrinomas, duodenotomy and duodenal exploration in the surgical management of Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. World J. Surg. 17 455-462.
257. P. Tomassetti, M. Migliori, G.C. Caletti, P. Fusaroli, R. Corinaldesi and L. Gullo (2000) Treatment of type II gastric carcinoid tumors with somatostatin analogues. N. Engl. J. Med. 343(8), 551-554.
258. F. Tonelli, S. Spini, M. Tommasi, G. Gabbrielli, A. Amorosi, A. Brocchi and M.L. Brandi (2000) Intraoperative parathormone measurement in patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type I syndrome and hyperparathyroidism. World J. Surg. 24(5), 556-562.
259. F. Tonelli, G. Fratini, A. Falchetti, G. Nesi and M.L. Brandi (2005) Surgery for gastroenteropancreatic tumours in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1: Review and personal experience. J. Intern. Med. 257 38-49.
260. C.M. Townsend Jr and J.C. Thompson (1990) Gastrinoma. Semin. Surg. Oncol. 6(2), 91-97.
261. D. Trump, B. Farren, C. Wooding, J.T. Pangq, G.M. Besser, K.D. Buchanan, C.R. Edwards, D.A. Heath, C.E. Jackson, S. Jansen, K. Lips, J.P. Monson, D. O'Halloran, J. Sampson, S.M. Shalet, M.H. Wheeler, A. Zink and R.V. Thakker (1996) Clinical studies of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1. QJM 89(9), 653-669.
262. T. Tsukada, K. Yamaguchi and T. Kameya (2001) The MEN1 gene and associated diseases: An update. Endocr. Pathol. 12 259-273.
263. L.O. Underdahl, L.B. Woolner and B.M. Black (1953) Multiple endocrine adenomas: Report of eight cases in which the parathyroids, pituitary and pancreatic islets were involved. J. Clin. Endocrinol. 13 20-25.
264. H.F. Vasen, C.B. Lamers and C.J. Lips (1989) Screening for multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome type I. Arch. Int. Med. 149 2717-2722.
265. B. Verges, F. Boureille, P. Goudet, A. Murat, A. Beckers, G. Sassolas, P. Cougard, B. Chambe, C. Montvernay and A. Calender (2002) Pituitary disease in MEN type 1 (MEN1): Data from the France-Belgium MEN1 multicenter study. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 87 457-465.
266. O. Vierimaa, M. Georgitsi, R. Lehtonen, P. Vahteristo, A. Kokko, A. Raitila, K. Tuppurainen, T.M. Ebeling, P.I. Salmela, R. Paschke, S. Gundogdu, E. De Menis, M.J. Makinen, V. Launonen, A. Karhu and L.A. Aaltonen (2006) Pituitary adenoma predisposition caused by germline mutations in the AIP gene. Science 312(5777), 1228-1230.
267. A.O. Vortmeyer, I.A. Lubensky, M. Skarulis, G. Li, Y.W. Moon, W.S. Park, R. Weil, C. Barlow, A.M. Spiegel, S.J. Marx and Z. Zhuang (1999) Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1: Atypical presentation, clinical course, and genetic analysis of multiple tumors. Mod. Pathol. 12(9), 919-924.
268. J. Warner, M. Epstein, A. Sweet, D. Singh, J. Burgess, S. Stranks, P. Hill, D. Perry-Keene, D. Learoyd, B. Robinson, P. Birdsey, E. Mackenzie, B.T. Teh, J.B. Prins and J. Cardinal (2004) Genetic testing in familial isolated hyperparathyroidism: Unexpected results and their implications. J. Med. Genet. 41 155-160.
269. J.V. Warner, D.R. Nyholt, F. Busfield, M. Epstein, J. Burgess, S. Stranks, P. Hill, D. Perry-Keene, D. Learoyd, B. Robinson, B.T. Teh, J.B. Prins and J.W. Cardinal (2006) Familial isolated hyperparathyroidism is linked to a 1.7 Mb region on chromosome 2p 13.3-14. J. Med. Genet. 43 e1210.
270. S.A. Wells, J.R. Farudon, J.K. Dale, G.S. Leight and W.G. Dilley (1980) Long-term evaluation of patients with primary parathyroid hyperplasia managed by parathyroidectomy and heterotopic autotransplantation. Ann. Surg. 192 451-458.
271. P. Wermer (1954) Genetic aspects of adenomatosis of endocrine glands. Am. J. Med. 16 363.
272. B. Wiedenmann, R.T. Jensen, M. Mignon, C.I. Modlin, B. Skogseid, G. Doherty and K. Oberg (1998) Preoperative diagnosis and surgical management of neuroendocrine gastroenteropancreatic tumors: General recommendations by a consensus workshop. World J. Surg. 22(3), 309-318.
273. S. Wilkinson, B.T. Teh, K.R. Davey, J.P. McArdle, M. Young and J.J. Shepherd (1993) Cause of death in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1. Arch Surg. 128 683-690.
274. H. Yaguchi, N. Ohkura, T. Tsukada and K. Yamaguchi (2002) Menin, the multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 gene product, exhibits GTP-hydrolyzing activity in the presence of the tumor metastasis suppressor nm23. J Biol Chem. 277(41), 38197-38204.
275. R.S. Yalow (1978) Radioimmunoassay: A probe for the fine structure of biologic systems. Science 200 1236-1245.
276. K. Yamaguchi, T. Kameya and K. Abe (1980) Multiple endocrine neoplasia type I. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 9 261-267.
277. O. Yazgan and C.M. Pfarr (2001) Differential binding of the menin tumor suppressor protein to JunD isoforms. Cancer Res. 61 916-920.
278. A. Yokoyama, Z. Wang, J. Wysocka, M. Sanyal, D.J. Aufiero, I. Kitabayashi, W. Herr and M.L. Cleary (2004) Leukemia proto-oncoprotein MLL forms a SET1-like histone methyltransferase complex with menin to regulate Hox gene expression. Mol. Cell. Biol. 24 5639-5649.
279. A. Yokoyama, T.C.P. Somervaille, K.S. Smith, O. Rozenblatt-Rosen, M. Meyerson and M.L. Cleary (2005) The menin tumor suppressor protein is an essential oncogenic cofactor for MLL-associated leukemogenesis. Cell 123 207-218.
280. F. Yu, D.J. Venzon, J. Serrano, S.U. Goebel, J.L. Doppman, F. Gibril and R.T. Jensen (1999) Prospective study of the clinical course, prognostic factors, causes of death, and survival in patients with long-standing Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. J. Clin. Oncol. 17(2), 615-630.
281. Z. Zhuang, S.Z. Ezzat, A.O. Vortmeyer, R. Weil, E.H. Oldfield, W.S. Park, S. Pack, S. Huang, S.K. Agarwal, S.C. Guru, P. Manickam, L.V. Debelenko, M.B. Kester, S.E. Olufemi, C. Heppner, J.S. Crabtree, A.L. Burns, A.M. Spiegel, S.J. Marx, S.C. Chandrasekharappa, F.S. Collins, M.R. Emmert-Buck, L.A. Liotta, S.L. Asa and I.A. Lubensky (1997) Mutations of the MEN1 tumor suppressor gene in pituitary tumors. Cancer Res. 57(24), 5446-5451.
282. M.B. Zimering, N. Katsumata, Y. Sato, M.L. Brandi, G.D. Aurbach, S.J. Marx and H.G. Friesen (1993) Increased basic fibroblast growth factor in plasma from multiple endocrine neoplasia type-1: Relation to pituitary tumor. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 76 1182-1187.