메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 8, Issue 4, 2009, Pages 367-385

Current understanding of polymyxin B applications in bacteraemia/sepsis therapy prevention: Clinical, pharmaceutical, structural and mechanistic aspects

Author keywords

Anti infective agent; Biophysics; Endotoxin; Lipopolysaccharide; LPS; PMB; PME; Polymyxin; Sepsis

Indexed keywords

ALGINIC ACID; BACTERIUM LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE; CHITOSAN; COLISTIN; LIPOSOME; MEROPENEM; POLYMYXIN B;

EID: 73549087461     PISSN: 18715214     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2174/187152109789760171     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (31)

References (156)
  • 2
    • 0032826448 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polymyxin B sulfate and colistin: Old antibiotics for emerging multiresistant gram-negative bacteria
    • Evans, M. E.; Feola, D. J.; Rapp, R. P. Polymyxin B sulfate and colistin: old antibiotics for emerging multiresistant gram-negative bacteria. Ann. Pharmacother., 1999, 33, 960.
    • (1999) Ann. Pharmacother , vol.33 , pp. 960
    • Evans, M.E.1    Feola, D.J.2    Rapp, R.P.3
  • 3
    • 33644787044 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global assessment of the antimicrobial activity of polymyxin B against 54 731 clinical isolates of Gram-negative bacilli: Report from the SENTRY antimicrobial surveillance programme (2001-2004)
    • Gales, A. C.; Jones, R. N.; Sader, H. S. Global assessment of the antimicrobial activity of polymyxin B against 54 731 clinical isolates of Gram-negative bacilli: report from the SENTRY antimicrobial surveillance programme (2001-2004). Clin. Microbiol. Infect., 2006, 12, 315.
    • (2006) Clin. Microbiol. Infect , vol.12 , pp. 315
    • Gales, A.C.1    Jones, R.N.2    Sader, H.S.3
  • 4
    • 40849140753 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Colistin and Polymyxin B in Crit. care
    • Michalopoulos, A.; Falagas, M. E. Colistin and Polymyxin B in Crit. care. Crit. Care Clin., 2008, 24, 377.
    • (2008) Crit. Care Clin , vol.24 , pp. 377
    • Michalopoulos, A.1    Falagas, M.E.2
  • 5
    • 34447560960 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toxicity of polymyxins: A systematic review of the evidence from old and recent studies
    • Falagas, M. E.; Kasiakou, S. K. Toxicity of polymyxins: a systematic review of the evidence from old and recent studies. Crit. Care, 2006, 10, R27.
    • (2006) Crit. Care , vol.10
    • Falagas, M.E.1    Kasiakou, S.K.2
  • 6
    • 17644389620 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Colistin: The revival of polymyxins for the management of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacterial infections
    • Falagas, M. E.; Kasiakou, S. K. Colistin: the revival of polymyxins for the management of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacterial infections. Rev. Anti-infect. Agents, 2005, 40, 1333.
    • (2005) Rev. Anti-infect. Agents , vol.40 , pp. 1333
    • Falagas, M.E.1    Kasiakou, S.K.2
  • 8
    • 36448983944 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polymyxin B for the treatment of multidrug-resistant pathogens: A Crit. review
    • Zavascki, A. P.; Goldani, L. Z.; Li, J.; Nation, R.L. Polymyxin B for the treatment of multidrug-resistant pathogens: A Crit. review. J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 2007, 60, 1206.
    • (2007) J. Antimicrob. Chemother , vol.60 , pp. 1206
    • Zavascki, A.P.1    Goldani, L.Z.2    Li, J.3    Nation, R.L.4
  • 9
    • 0036851306 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bacterial strategies for overcoming host innate and adaptive immune responses
    • Hornef, M. W.; Wick, M. J.; Rhen, M.; Normark, S. Bacterial strategies for overcoming host innate and adaptive immune responses. Nat. Immunol., 2002, 3; 1033.
    • (2002) Nat. Immunol , vol.3 , pp. 1033
    • Hornef, M.W.1    Wick, M.J.2    Rhen, M.3    Normark, S.4
  • 10
    • 0346655236 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Moskowitz, S. M.; Ernst, R. K.; Miller, S. I. PmrAB, a two component regulatory system of Pseudomonas aeruginosa that modulates resistance to cationic antimicrobial peptides and addition of aminoarabinose to lipid A. J. Bacteriol., 2004, 186, 575.
    • Moskowitz, S. M.; Ernst, R. K.; Miller, S. I. PmrAB, a two component regulatory system of Pseudomonas aeruginosa that modulates resistance to cationic antimicrobial peptides and addition of aminoarabinose to lipid A. J. Bacteriol., 2004, 186, 575.
  • 11
    • 10344224043 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phenotypic differences between Salmonella and Escherichia coli resulting from the disparate regulation of homologous genes
    • Winfield, M. D.; Groisman, E. A. Phenotypic differences between Salmonella and Escherichia coli resulting from the disparate regulation of homologous genes. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 2004, 101, 17162.
    • (2004) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.101 , pp. 17162
    • Winfield, M.D.1    Groisman, E.A.2
  • 12
    • 0036267390 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mig-14 is a Salmonella gene that plays a role in bacterial resistance to antimicrobial peptides
    • Brodsky, I. E.; Ernst, R. K.; Miller, S. I. Mig-14 is a Salmonella gene that plays a role in bacterial resistance to antimicrobial peptides. J. Bacteriol., 2002, 184, 3203.
    • (2002) J. Bacteriol , vol.184 , pp. 3203
    • Brodsky, I.E.1    Ernst, R.K.2    Miller, S.I.3
  • 13
    • 9244224674 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Capsule polysaccharide mediates bacterial resistance to antimicrobial peptides
    • Campos, M. A.; Vargas, M. A.; Regueiro V. Capsule polysaccharide mediates bacterial resistance to antimicrobial peptides. Infect. Immun., 2004, 72, 7107.
    • (2004) Infect. Immun , vol.72 , pp. 7107
    • Campos, M.A.1    Vargas, M.A.2    Regueiro, V.3
  • 14
    • 33644854257 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A complete lipopolysaccharide inner core oligosaccharide is required for resistance of Burkholderia cenocepacia to antimicrobial peptides and bacterial survival in vivo
    • Loutet, S. A.; Flannagan, R. S.; Kooi, C. A complete lipopolysaccharide inner core oligosaccharide is required for resistance of Burkholderia cenocepacia to antimicrobial peptides and bacterial survival in vivo. J. Bacteriol., 2006, 188, 2073.
    • (2006) J. Bacteriol , vol.188 , pp. 2073
    • Loutet, S.A.1    Flannagan, R.S.2    Kooi, C.3
  • 15
    • 33744975276 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The lipid A 1-phosphatase of Helicobacter pylori is required for resistance to the antimicrobial peptide polymyxin
    • Tran, A. X.; Whittomore, J. D.; Wyrick, P. B. The lipid A 1-phosphatase of Helicobacter pylori is required for resistance to the antimicrobial peptide polymyxin. J. Bacteriol., 2006, 188, 4531.
    • (2006) J. Bacteriol , vol.188 , pp. 4531
    • Tran, A.X.1    Whittomore, J.D.2    Wyrick, P.B.3
  • 16
    • 17644410810 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transcriptional regulation of the 4-amino-5-deoxy-L-arabinose biosynthetic genes in Yersinia pestis
    • Winfield, M. D.; Latifi, T.; Groisman, E. A. Transcriptional regulation of the 4-amino-5-deoxy-L-arabinose biosynthetic genes in Yersinia pestis. J. Biol. Chem., 2005, 280, 14765.
    • (2005) J. Biol. Chem , vol.280 , pp. 14765
    • Winfield, M.D.1    Latifi, T.2    Groisman, E.A.3
  • 17
    • 2542610001 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Vibrio cholera ToxR-regulated porin OmpU confers resistance to antimicrobial peptides
    • Mathur, J.; Waldor, M. K. The Vibrio cholera ToxR-regulated porin OmpU confers resistance to antimicrobial peptides. Infect. Immun., 2004, 72, 3577.
    • (2004) Infect. Immun , vol.72 , pp. 3577
    • Mathur, J.1    Waldor, M.K.2
  • 18
    • 73549096753 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bedford Laboratories. Polymyxin B for injection package insert, OH 44146. Bedford Laboratories, 2004, at
    • Bedford Laboratories. Polymyxin B for injection (package insert), OH 44146. Bedford Laboratories, 2004, at http:// dailymed.nlm.nih.gov.
  • 20
    • 0037317763 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Innate immune sensing and its roots: The story of endotoxin
    • Beutler, B.; Rietschel, E. Th. Innate immune sensing and its roots: the story of endotoxin. Nat. Rev., 2003, 3, 169.
    • (2003) Nat. Rev , vol.3 , pp. 169
    • Beutler, B.1    Rietschel, E.T.2
  • 21
    • 0027314068 scopus 로고
    • Effect of antibiotic class and concentration on the release of lipopolysaccharide from Escherichia coli
    • Evans, M. E., Pollack, M. Effect of antibiotic class and concentration on the release of lipopolysaccharide from Escherichia coli. J. Infect. Dis. , 1993, 1336.
    • (1993) J. Infect. Dis , pp. 1336
    • Evans, M.E.1    Pollack, M.2
  • 23
    • 0035542869 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Towards a rational development of anti-endotoxin agents: Novel approaches to sequestration of bacterial endotoxins with small molecules
    • David, S. A. Towards a rational development of anti-endotoxin agents: novel approaches to sequestration of bacterial endotoxins with small molecules. J. Mol. Recognit., 2001, 14; 370.
    • (2001) J. Mol. Recognit , vol.14 , pp. 370
    • David, S.A.1
  • 24
    • 43249113488 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Targeting the lipopolysaccharides: Still a matter of debate?
    • Nahra, R.; Dellinger, R. P. Targeting the lipopolysaccharides: still a matter of debate? Curr. Opin. Anesthesiol., 2008, 21, 98.
    • (2008) Curr. Opin. Anesthesiol , vol.21 , pp. 98
    • Nahra, R.1    Dellinger, R.P.2
  • 25
    • 33750969982 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New uses for older antibiotics: Nitrofurantoin, Amikacin, Colistin, Polymyxin B, Doxycycline, and Minocycline revisited
    • Cunha, B. A. New uses for older antibiotics: Nitrofurantoin, Amikacin, Colistin, Polymyxin B, Doxycycline, and Minocycline revisited. Med. Clin. North Am., 2006, 90, 1089.
    • (2006) Med. Clin. North Am , vol.90 , pp. 1089
    • Cunha, B.A.1
  • 26
    • 73549108217 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Erregerspektrum, Diagnostik, Behandlungsschemata. 2. Auflage, Schattauer GmbH: Stuttgart
    • Fenner, T. Therapie von Infektionen. Erregerspektrum, Diagnostik, Behandlungsschemata. 2. Auflage, Schattauer GmbH: Stuttgart, 2003.
    • (2003) Therapie von Infektionen
    • Fenner, T.1
  • 27
    • 34548150567 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of endotoxin neutralization by synthetic compounds
    • Andrä, J.; Gutsmann, T.; Garidel, P.; Brandenburg, K. Mechanisms of endotoxin neutralization by synthetic compounds. J. Endotox. Res., 2006, 12, 261.
    • (2006) J. Endotox. Res , vol.12 , pp. 261
    • Andrä, J.1    Gutsmann, T.2    Garidel, P.3    Brandenburg, K.4
  • 28
    • 35349022577 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polymyxin B: Similarities to and differences from colistin (polymyxin E)
    • Kwa, A.; Kasiakou, S. K.; Tam, V. H.; Falagas, M. E. Polymyxin B: Similarities to and differences from colistin (polymyxin E). Expert Rev. Anti-Infect. Ther., 2007, 5 (5), 811.
    • (2007) Expert Rev. Anti-Infect. Ther , vol.5 , Issue.5 , pp. 811
    • Kwa, A.1    Kasiakou, S.K.2    Tam, V.H.3    Falagas, M.E.4
  • 29
    • 0031965409 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anti-endotoxin Ther.eutic options for the treatment of sepsis
    • Lynn, W. A. Anti-endotoxin Ther.eutic options for the treatment of sepsis. J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 1998, 41, (Suppl. A), 71.
    • (1998) J. Antimicrob. Chemother , vol.41 , Issue.SUPPL. A , pp. 71
    • Lynn, W.A.1
  • 30
    • 24144457739 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacodynamics of polymyxin B against Pseudomonas aeruginosa
    • Tam, V.; Schilling, A.; Vo, G. Pharmacodynamics of polymyxin B against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 2005, 49, 3624.
    • (2005) Antimicrob. Agents Chemother , vol.49 , pp. 3624
    • Tam, V.1    Schilling, A.2    Vo, G.3
  • 31
    • 37649021831 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Optimizing use of colistin and polymyxin B in the Crit.ly ill
    • Nation, R. L.; Li, J. Optimizing use of colistin and polymyxin B in the Crit.ly ill. Semin. Respir. Crit. Care Med., 2007, 28, 604.
    • (2007) Semin. Respir. Crit. Care Med , vol.28 , pp. 604
    • Nation, R.L.1    Li, J.2
  • 32
    • 0026874127 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • [32 Consensus Conference Committee. American College of Chest Physicians / Society of Crit. Care Medicine consensus conference: definitions for sepsis and organ failure and guidelines for the use of innovative Ther.ies in sepsis. Crit. Care Med., 1992, 20, 864.
    • [32 Consensus Conference Committee. American College of Chest Physicians / Society of Crit. Care Medicine consensus conference: definitions for sepsis and organ failure and guidelines for the use of innovative Ther.ies in sepsis. Crit. Care Med., 1992, 20, 864.
  • 33
    • 0037389094 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Levy, M. M.; Fink, M. P.; Marshall, J. C.; Abraham, E.; Angus, D.; Cook, D.; Opal, S. M.; Vincent, J. L.; Ramsay, G. 2001 SCCM/ESICM/ACCP/ATS/SIS International Sepsis Definitions Conference. Crit. Care Med., 2003, 31; 1250 and published in Intensive Care Med., 2003, 29, 530.
    • Levy, M. M.; Fink, M. P.; Marshall, J. C.; Abraham, E.; Angus, D.; Cook, D.; Opal, S. M.; Vincent, J. L.; Ramsay, G. 2001 SCCM/ESICM/ACCP/ATS/SIS International Sepsis Definitions Conference. Crit. Care Med., 2003, 31; 1250 and published in Intensive Care Med., 2003, 29, 530.
  • 35
    • 0036390209 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Direct costs of severe sepsis in three German intensive care units based on retrospective electronic patient record analysis of resource use
    • Moerer, O.; Schmid, A.; Hofmann, M.; Herklotz, A.; Reinhart, K.; Wedan, K.; Schneider, H.; Burchardi, H. Direct costs of severe sepsis in three German intensive care units based on retrospective electronic patient record analysis of resource use. Intensive Care Med., 2002, 28, 1440.
    • (2002) Intensive Care Med , vol.28 , pp. 1440
    • Moerer, O.1    Schmid, A.2    Hofmann, M.3    Herklotz, A.4    Reinhart, K.5    Wedan, K.6    Schneider, H.7    Burchardi, H.8
  • 36
    • 34250890817 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pathophysiology of sepsis. Biological perspectives
    • Remick, D. G. Pathophysiology of sepsis. Biological perspectives. Am. J. Pathol., 2007, 170, 1435.
    • (2007) Am. J. Pathol , vol.170 , pp. 1435
    • Remick, D.G.1
  • 39
    • 0346850859 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cross-linked hemoglobin converts endotoxically inactive pentaacyl endotoxins into a physiologically active conformation
    • Brandenburg, K.; Garidel, P.; Andrä, J.; Jürgens, G.; Müller, M.; Blume, A.; Koch, M. H. J.; Levin, J. Cross-linked hemoglobin converts endotoxically inactive pentaacyl endotoxins into a physiologically active conformation. J. Biol. Chem., 2003, 278, 47660.
    • (2003) J. Biol. Chem , vol.278 , pp. 47660
    • Brandenburg, K.1    Garidel, P.2    Andrä, J.3    Jürgens, G.4    Müller, M.5    Blume, A.6    Koch, M.H.J.7    Levin, J.8
  • 40
    • 0035983464 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Investigation into the interaction of recombinant human serum albumin with Re-lipopolysaccharide and lipid A
    • Jürgens, G.; Müller, M.; Garidel, P.; Koch, M. H. J.; Nakakubo, H.; Blume, A.; Brandenburg, K. Investigation into the interaction of recombinant human serum albumin with Re-lipopolysaccharide and lipid A. J. Endotox. Res., 2002, 8, 115.
    • (2002) J. Endotox. Res , vol.8 , pp. 115
    • Jürgens, G.1    Müller, M.2    Garidel, P.3    Koch, M.H.J.4    Nakakubo, H.5    Blume, A.6    Brandenburg, K.7
  • 41
    • 42949142061 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The function and biological role of toll-like receptors in infectious diseases: An update
    • Hornef, M. W.; Henriques-Normark, Normak, S. The function and biological role of toll-like receptors in infectious diseases: an update. Current Opinion Infect. Dis., 2008, 21, 304.
    • (2008) Current Opinion Infect. Dis , vol.21 , pp. 304
    • Hornef, M.W.1    Normark, H.2    Normak, S.3
  • 42
    • 26644458574 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polymyxin B: An ode to an old antidote for endotoxic shock
    • Bhor, V. M.; Thomas, C. J.; Surolia, N.; Surolia, A. Polymyxin B: An ode to an old antidote for endotoxic shock. Mol. BioSyst., 2005, 1, 213.
    • (2005) Mol. BioSyst , vol.1 , pp. 213
    • Bhor, V.M.1    Thomas, C.J.2    Surolia, N.3    Surolia, A.4
  • 43
    • 0344235273 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physicochemical properties of bacterial glycopolymers in relation to bioactivity
    • Brandenburg, K.; Andrä, J.; Müller, M.; Koch, M. H. J.; Garidel, P. Physicochemical properties of bacterial glycopolymers in relation to bioactivity. Carbohydrate Res., 2003, 338, 2477.
    • (2003) Carbohydrate Res , vol.338 , pp. 2477
    • Brandenburg, K.1    Andrä, J.2    Müller, M.3    Koch, M.H.J.4    Garidel, P.5
  • 44
    • 34247894051 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The structures of core regions from enterobacterial lipopolysaccharides - An update
    • Holst, O. The structures of core regions from enterobacterial lipopolysaccharides - An update. FEMS Microbiol. Lett., 2007, 271, 3.
    • (2007) FEMS Microbiol. Lett , vol.271 , pp. 3
    • Holst, O.1
  • 50
    • 0028784290 scopus 로고
    • Do endotoxin aggregates intercalate into phospholipid membranes in a nonspecific, hydrophobic manner?
    • Schromm, A. B.; Brandenburg, K.; Rietschel, E. T.; Seydel, U. Do endotoxin aggregates intercalate into phospholipid membranes in a nonspecific, hydrophobic manner? J. Endotox. Res., 1995, 2, 313.
    • (1995) J. Endotox. Res , vol.2 , pp. 313
    • Schromm, A.B.1    Brandenburg, K.2    Rietschel, E.T.3    Seydel, U.4
  • 52
    • 84882832096 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brandenburg, P.; Garidel, P.; Gutsmann, T. In: Physicochemical properties of microbial glycoploymers. Moran, A.; Holst, O.; Brennan, P.; von Itzstein, M. Eds, Microbial Glykobiology, Elsevier 2009, Chapter 38, pp. 759-779.
    • Brandenburg, P.; Garidel, P.; Gutsmann, T. In: Physicochemical properties of microbial glycoploymers. Moran, A.; Holst, O.; Brennan, P.; von Itzstein, M. Eds, Microbial Glykobiology, Elsevier 2009, Chapter 38, pp. 759-779.
  • 54
    • 0033590515 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treating patients with severe sepsis
    • Wheeler, A.P.; Bernard, G.R. Treating patients with severe sepsis. N. Engl. J. Med., 1999, 340, 207.
    • (1999) N. Engl. J. Med , vol.340 , pp. 207
    • Wheeler, A.P.1    Bernard, G.R.2
  • 55
    • 24944574733 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intensivmedizinische Aspekte bei Sepsis.
    • Marx, G.; Schuerholz, T.; Reinhart, K. Intensivmedizinische Aspekte bei Sepsis. Chirurg, 2005, 76, 845.
    • (2005) Chirurg , vol.76 , pp. 845
    • Marx, G.1    Schuerholz, T.2    Reinhart, K.3
  • 56
    • 35948979653 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Management of sepsis
    • Mackenzie, I.; Lever, A. Management of sepsis. Br. Med. J., 2007, 335, 929.
    • (2007) Br. Med. J , vol.335 , pp. 929
    • Mackenzie, I.1    Lever, A.2
  • 59
    • 0029092928 scopus 로고
    • Sepsis trials: Intersection of investigation, regulation, funding, and practice
    • Bernard, G. R. Sepsis trials: intersection of investigation, regulation, funding, and practice. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., 1995, 152, 4.
    • (1995) Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med , vol.152 , pp. 4
    • Bernard, G.R.1
  • 61
    • 33744454666 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Colistin methanesulfonate is an inactive prodrug of colistin against Pseudomonas aeruginosa
    • Bergen, P. J.; Rayner, C. R.; Nation, R. L. Colistin methanesulfonate is an inactive prodrug of colistin against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 2006, 50, 1953.
    • (2006) Antimicrob. Agents Chemother , vol.50 , pp. 1953
    • Bergen, P.J.1    Rayner, C.R.2    Nation, R.L.3
  • 62
    • 44449094697 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polymyxin B: A new strategy for multidrugresistant Gram-negative organisms
    • Yuan, Z.; Tam, H. Polymyxin B: a new strategy for multidrugresistant Gram-negative organisms. Expert Opin. Investig. Drug, 2008, 17, 661.
    • (2008) Expert Opin. Investig. Drug , vol.17 , pp. 661
    • Yuan, Z.1    Tam, H.2
  • 63
    • 0020472895 scopus 로고
    • Polymyxin B, colistin, and sodium colistimethate
    • Horton, J.; Pankey, G. A. Polymyxin B, colistin, and sodium colistimethate. Med. Clin. North Am., 1982, 66, 135.
    • (1982) Med. Clin. North Am , vol.66 , pp. 135
    • Horton, J.1    Pankey, G.A.2
  • 64
    • 12344326763 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pitfalls of polymyxin antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from cystic fibrosis patients
    • Hogardt, M.; Schmoldt, S.; Götzfried, M.; Adler, K.; Heesemann, J. Pitfalls of polymyxin antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from cystic fibrosis patients. J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 2004, 54, 1057.
    • (2004) J. Antimicrob. Chemother , vol.54 , pp. 1057
    • Hogardt, M.1    Schmoldt, S.2    Götzfried, M.3    Adler, K.4    Heesemann, J.5
  • 65
    • 0035118424 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vitro pharmacodynamic properties of colistin and colistin methanesulfonate against Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from patients with cystic fibrosis
    • Li, J.; Turnidge, J.; Milne, R.; R. L. Nation; K. Coulthard. In vitro pharmacodynamic properties of colistin and colistin methanesulfonate against Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from patients with cystic fibrosis. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 2001, 45, 781.
    • (2001) Antimicrob. Agents Chemother , vol.45 , pp. 781
    • Li, J.1    Turnidge, J.2    Milne, R.3    Nation, R.L.4    Coulthard, K.5
  • 66
    • 0030467677 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resistance of Serratia marcescens to polymyxin B: A comparative investigation of two Sform lipopolysaccharides obtained from a sensitive and a resistant variant of strain 111
    • Seltmann, G.; Lindner, B.; Holst, O. Resistance of Serratia marcescens to polymyxin B: A comparative investigation of two Sform lipopolysaccharides obtained from a sensitive and a resistant variant of strain 111. J. Endotox. Res., 1996, 3, 497.
    • (1996) J. Endotox. Res , vol.3 , pp. 497
    • Seltmann, G.1    Lindner, B.2    Holst, O.3
  • 68
    • 34250025966 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Colistin-resistant isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae emerging in intensive care unit patients: First report of a multiclonal cluster
    • Antoniadou, A.; Kontopidou, F.; Poulakou, G. Colistin-resistant isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae emerging in intensive care unit patients: first report of a multiclonal cluster. J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 2007, 59, 786.
    • (2007) J. Antimicrob. Chemother , vol.59 , pp. 786
    • Antoniadou, A.1    Kontopidou, F.2    Poulakou, G.3
  • 69
    • 14544291966 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cure of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii bacteraemia with continuous intravenous infusion of colistin
    • Michalopoulos, A.; Kasiakou, S. K.; Rosmarakis, E. S.; Falagas, M. Cure of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii bacteraemia with continuous intravenous infusion of colistin. Scand. J. Infect. Dis., 2005, 37, 142.
    • (2005) Scand. J. Infect. Dis , vol.37 , pp. 142
    • Michalopoulos, A.1    Kasiakou, S.K.2    Rosmarakis, E.S.3    Falagas, M.4
  • 71
    • 34248397637 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intravenous colistin for the treatment of multidrug resistant, Gramnegative infection in the paediatric population
    • Goverman, J.; Weber, J. M.; Keaney, T. J.; Sheridan, R. L. Intravenous colistin for the treatment of multidrug resistant, Gramnegative infection in the paediatric population. J. Burn Care Res., 2007, 28, 421.
    • (2007) J. Burn Care Res , vol.28 , pp. 421
    • Goverman, J.1    Weber, J.M.2    Keaney, T.J.3    Sheridan, R.L.4
  • 73
    • 33750980149 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polymyxin B and doxycycline use in patients with multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii infections in the intensive care unit
    • Holloway, K. P.; Rouphael, N. G.; Wells, J. B.; King. M. D.; Blumberg, H. M. Polymyxin B and doxycycline use in patients with multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii infections in the intensive care unit. Ann. Pharmacother., 2006, 40, 1939.
    • (2006) Ann. Pharmacother , vol.40 , pp. 1939
    • Holloway, K.P.1    Rouphael, N.G.2    Wells, J.B.3    King, M.D.4    Blumberg, H.M.5
  • 75
    • 50249139019 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Parenteral polymyxin B use in patients with multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteraemia and urinary tract infections: A retrospective case series
    • Pastewski, A. A.; Caruso, P.; Parris, A. R.; Dizon, R.; Kopec, R.; Sharma, S.; Mayer, S.; Ghitan, M.; Chapnick, E. K. Parenteral polymyxin B use in patients with multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteraemia and urinary tract infections: A retrospective case series. Ann. Pharmacother., 2008, 42, 1177.
    • (2008) Ann. Pharmacother , vol.42 , pp. 1177
    • Pastewski, A.A.1    Caruso, P.2    Parris, A.R.3    Dizon, R.4    Kopec, R.5    Sharma, S.6    Mayer, S.7    Ghitan, M.8    Chapnick, E.K.9
  • 76
    • 34249801225 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Salvage treatment of pneumonia and initial treatment of tracheobronchitis caused by multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacilli with inhaled polymyxin B
    • Pereira, G. H.; Muller, P. R.; Levin, A. S. Salvage treatment of pneumonia and initial treatment of tracheobronchitis caused by multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacilli with inhaled polymyxin B. Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis., 2007, 58, 235.
    • (2007) Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis , vol.58 , pp. 235
    • Pereira, G.H.1    Muller, P.R.2    Levin, A.S.3
  • 77
    • 37049013283 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The treatment of multidrugresistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa with polymyxin B or E in a patient with the highly pathogenic avian influenza A (H5N1) infection: A case report and review of the literature
    • Zhou, B.-P.; Lu, J.; Qiu, C.; Wu, S.-P.; Song, W.-D.; Yang, D.-G.; Fu, Y.-Y.; Gao, X.; Liu, X.-Y.; Liu, S.-T.; Lu, P.-X.; Shan, W.-S.; Li, Y.-M.; Yuan, G.-Y.; Zhong, N.-S. The treatment of multidrugresistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa with polymyxin B or E in a patient with the highly pathogenic avian influenza A (H5N1) infection: A case report and review of the literature. Chin. J. Antibiot., 2007, 32, 685.
    • (2007) Chin. J. Antibiot , vol.32 , pp. 685
    • Zhou, B.-P.1    Lu, J.2    Qiu, C.3    Wu, S.-P.4    Song, W.-D.5    Yang, D.-G.6    Fu, Y.-Y.7    Gao, X.8    Liu, X.-Y.9    Liu, S.-T.10    Lu, P.-X.11    Shan, W.-S.12    Li, Y.-M.13    Yuan, G.-Y.14    Zhong, N.-S.15
  • 80
    • 34848851059 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exposure to fluoroquinolones is a risk factor for polymyxins-only susceptible (POS) Acinetobacter baumannii bacteraemia in Crit.ly ill patients
    • Kopterides, P.; Koletsi, P.; Morfou; P.; Rellos; K.; Mastora; Z.; Rizos; M.; Falagas, M. Exposure to fluoroquinolones is a risk factor for polymyxins-only susceptible (POS) Acinetobacter baumannii bacteraemia in Crit.ly ill patients. Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents, 2007, 30, 409.
    • (2007) Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents , vol.30 , pp. 409
    • Kopterides, P.1    Koletsi, P.2    Morfou, P.3    Rellos, K.4    Mastora, Z.5    Rizos, M.6    Falagas, M.7
  • 81
    • 0038218176 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An empirical approach to the treatment of multidrugresistant ventilator associated pneumonia
    • Kollef, M. H. An empirical approach to the treatment of multidrugresistant ventilator associated pneumonia. Clin. Infect. Dis., 2003, 36, 1119.
    • (2003) Clin. Infect. Dis , vol.36 , pp. 1119
    • Kollef, M.H.1
  • 83
    • 34247566234 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical effects of polymyxin B-immobilized fibre column in septic patients
    • Cruz, D. N.; Bellomo, R.; Ronco, C. Clinical effects of polymyxin B-immobilized fibre column in septic patients. Contrib. Nephrol., 2007, 156, 444.
    • (2007) Contrib. Nephrol , vol.156 , pp. 444
    • Cruz, D.N.1    Bellomo, R.2    Ronco, C.3
  • 84
    • 0031862411 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extracorporeal endotoxin removal by polymyxin B immobilized fibre cartridge: Designing and antiendotoxin efficacy in the clinical application
    • Shoji, H.; Tani, T.; Hanasawa, K.; Kodama, M. Extracorporeal endotoxin removal by polymyxin B immobilized fibre cartridge: Designing and antiendotoxin efficacy in the clinical application. Ther. Apher., 1998, 2, 3.
    • (1998) Ther. Apher , vol.2 , pp. 3
    • Shoji, H.1    Tani, T.2    Hanasawa, K.3    Kodama, M.4
  • 86
    • 0033674857 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Review of endotoxin-adsorbing direct hemoperfusion therapy using a column containing polymyxin B immobilized fibre
    • Tani, T. Review of endotoxin-adsorbing direct hemoperfusion therapy using a column containing polymyxin B immobilized fibre. Curr. Opin Crit. Care, 2000, 6, 416.
    • (2000) Curr. Opin Crit. Care , vol.6 , pp. 416
    • Tani, T.1
  • 87
    • 85120658647 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ruberto, F.; Pugliese, F.; D' Alio, A.; Martelli, S.; Bruno, K.; Marcellino, V.; Summonti, D.; Celli, P.; Perrella, S.; Cappannoli, A.; Pietropaoli, C.; Tosi, A.; Diana, B.; Novelli, G.; Rossi, M.; Ginanni Corradini, S. ;Ferretti, G.; Berloco, P. B.; Pietropaoli, P. Clinical effects of direct hemoperfusion using a polymyxin-B immobilized column in solid organ transplanted patients with signs of severe sepsis and septic shock. A pilot study. Int. J. Artif. Organs, 2007, 30, 915.
    • Ruberto, F.; Pugliese, F.; D' Alio, A.; Martelli, S.; Bruno, K.; Marcellino, V.; Summonti, D.; Celli, P.; Perrella, S.; Cappannoli, A.; Pietropaoli, C.; Tosi, A.; Diana, B.; Novelli, G.; Rossi, M.; Ginanni Corradini, S. ;Ferretti, G.; Berloco, P. B.; Pietropaoli, P. Clinical effects of direct hemoperfusion using a polymyxin-B immobilized column in solid organ transplanted patients with signs of severe sepsis and septic shock. A pilot study. Int. J. Artif. Organs, 2007, 30, 915.
  • 89
    • 44649168467 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rapidly progressive interstitial pneumonia associated with clinically amyopathic dermatomyositis successfully treated with polymyxin Bimmobilized fibre column hemoperfusion
    • Kakugawa, T.; Mukae, H.; Saito, M.; Ishii, K.; Ishimoto, H.; Sakamoto, N.; Takazono, T.; Fukuda, Y.; Ooe, N.; Kohno, S. Rapidly progressive interstitial pneumonia associated with clinically amyopathic dermatomyositis successfully treated with polymyxin Bimmobilized fibre column hemoperfusion. Int. Med., 2008, 47, 785.
    • (2008) Int. Med , vol.47 , pp. 785
    • Kakugawa, T.1    Mukae, H.2    Saito, M.3    Ishii, K.4    Ishimoto, H.5    Sakamoto, N.6    Takazono, T.7    Fukuda, Y.8    Ooe, N.9    Kohno, S.10
  • 90
    • 35748959366 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early initiation of polymyxin B-immobilized fiber Ther.y effective for septic shock after aortic replacement
    • Murakami, M.; Miyauchi, Y.; Nishida, M.; Okada, H.; Hamano, K. Early initiation of polymyxin B-immobilized fiber Ther.y effective for septic shock after aortic replacement. Ann. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg., 2007, 13, 287.
    • (2007) Ann. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg , vol.13 , pp. 287
    • Murakami, M.1    Miyauchi, Y.2    Nishida, M.3    Okada, H.4    Hamano, K.5
  • 91
    • 34648851373 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical responses and improvement of some laboratory parameters following polymyxin Bimmobilized fibre treatment in septic shock
    • Sakamoto, Y.; Mashiko, K.; Obata, T.; Matsumoto, H.; Hara, Y.; Kutsukata, N.; Yamamoto, Y. Clinical responses and improvement of some laboratory parameters following polymyxin Bimmobilized fibre treatment in septic shock. ASAIO J., 2007, 53, 646.
    • (2007) ASAIO J , vol.53 , pp. 646
    • Sakamoto, Y.1    Mashiko, K.2    Obata, T.3    Matsumoto, H.4    Hara, Y.5    Kutsukata, N.6    Yamamoto, Y.7
  • 92
    • 38349084071 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effectiveness of continuous hemodiafiltration using a polymethylmethacrylate membrane hemofilter after polymyxin B-immobilized fibre column therapy of septic shock
    • Sakamoto, Y.; Mashiko, K.; Obata, T.; Matsumoto, H.; Hara, Y.; Kutsukata, N.; Yamamoto, Y. Effectiveness of continuous hemodiafiltration using a polymethylmethacrylate membrane hemofilter after polymyxin B-immobilized fibre column therapy of septic shock. ASAIO J., 2008, 54, 129.
    • (2008) ASAIO J , vol.54 , pp. 129
    • Sakamoto, Y.1    Mashiko, K.2    Obata, T.3    Matsumoto, H.4    Hara, Y.5    Kutsukata, N.6    Yamamoto, Y.7
  • 94
    • 33644980644 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of continuous veno-venous hemofiltration or direct hemoperfusion with polymyxin B-immobilized fibre on neutrophil respiratory oxidative burst in patients with sepsis and septic shock
    • Naka, T.; Shinozaki, M.; Akizawa, T.; Shima, Y.; Takaesu, H.; Nasu, H. The effect of continuous veno-venous hemofiltration or direct hemoperfusion with polymyxin B-immobilized fibre on neutrophil respiratory oxidative burst in patients with sepsis and septic shock. Ther. Apher. Dial., 2006, 10, 7.
    • (2006) Ther. Apher. Dial , vol.10 , pp. 7
    • Naka, T.1    Shinozaki, M.2    Akizawa, T.3    Shima, Y.4    Takaesu, H.5    Nasu, H.6
  • 95
    • 50549083731 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polymyxin B-immobilized fibre haemoperfusion reduces urinary 8-hydroxy-2′- deoxyguanosine levels in patients with septic shock
    • Nakamura, T.; Kawagoe, Y.; Ueda, Y.; Node, K.; Koide, H. Polymyxin B-immobilized fibre haemoperfusion reduces urinary 8-hydroxy-2′- deoxyguanosine levels in patients with septic shock. (2006) Clin. Intensive Care, 2006, 17, 95.
    • (2006) Clin. Intensive Care , vol.17 , pp. 95
    • Nakamura, T.1    Kawagoe, Y.2    Ueda, Y.3    Node, K.4    Koide, H.5
  • 96
    • 53749090720 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Removal of 2-arachidonylglycerol by direct hemoperfusion Ther.y with polymyxin B immobilized fibers benefits patients with septic shock
    • Kase, Y.; Obata, T.; Okamoto, Y.; Iwai, K.; Saito, K.; Yokoyama, K.; Takinami, M.; Tanifuji, Y. Removal of 2-arachidonylglycerol by direct hemoperfusion Ther.y with polymyxin B immobilized fibers benefits patients with septic shock. Ther. Apher. Dial., 2008, 12, 374.
    • (2008) Ther. Apher. Dial , vol.12 , pp. 374
    • Kase, Y.1    Obata, T.2    Okamoto, Y.3    Iwai, K.4    Saito, K.5    Yokoyama, K.6    Takinami, M.7    Tanifuji, Y.8
  • 98
    • 49249117339 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early hemoperfusion with a polymyxin B column improves gastric intramucosal pH in sepsis
    • Kushi, H.; Miki, T.; Sakagami, Y.; Sato, J.; Saito, T.; Tanjoh, K. Early hemoperfusion with a polymyxin B column improves gastric intramucosal pH in sepsis. Ther. Apher. Dial., 2008, 12, 278.
    • (2008) Ther. Apher. Dial , vol.12 , pp. 278
    • Kushi, H.1    Miki, T.2    Sakagami, Y.3    Sato, J.4    Saito, T.5    Tanjoh, K.6
  • 99
    • 38949140894 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endotoxin removal with a polymyxin B-immobilized hemoperfusion cartridge improves cardiopulmonary function after cardiopulmonary bypass
    • Ohki, S.; Oshima, K.; Takeyoshi, I.; Matsumoto, K.; Morishita, Y. Endotoxin removal with a polymyxin B-immobilized hemoperfusion cartridge improves cardiopulmonary function after cardiopulmonary bypass. J. Surg. Res., 2008, 145, 74.
    • (2008) J. Surg. Res , vol.145 , pp. 74
    • Ohki, S.1    Oshima, K.2    Takeyoshi, I.3    Matsumoto, K.4    Morishita, Y.5
  • 100
    • 33748116146 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Severity scoring systems for prognosis and efficacy of polymyxin B-immobilized fibre treatment for colonic perforation
    • Komatsu, S.; Shimomatsuya, T.; Nakajima, M.; Ono, S.; Maruhashi, K. Severity scoring systems for prognosis and efficacy of polymyxin B-immobilized fibre treatment for colonic perforation. Surg. Today, 2006, 36, 807.
    • (2006) Surg. Today , vol.36 , pp. 807
    • Komatsu, S.1    Shimomatsuya, T.2    Nakajima, M.3    Ono, S.4    Maruhashi, K.5
  • 101
    • 17644368220 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Successful treatment of sepsis with polymyxin B-immobilized fibre hemoperfusion in a child after living donor liver transplantation
    • Morishita, Y.; Kita, Y.; Ohtake, K.; Kusano, E.; Hishikawa, S.; Mizuta, K.; Kawarasaki, H. Successful treatment of sepsis with polymyxin B-immobilized fibre hemoperfusion in a child after living donor liver transplantation. Digest. Dis. Sci., 2005, 50, 757.
    • (2005) Digest. Dis. Sci , vol.50 , pp. 757
    • Morishita, Y.1    Kita, Y.2    Ohtake, K.3    Kusano, E.4    Hishikawa, S.5    Mizuta, K.6    Kawarasaki, H.7
  • 102
    • 31744446201 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The place of early haemoperfusion with polymyxin B fibre column in the treatment of sepsis
    • Ronco, R. The place of early haemoperfusion with polymyxin B fibre column in the treatment of sepsis. Crit. Care, 2005, 9, 631.
    • (2005) Crit. Care , vol.9 , pp. 631
    • Ronco, R.1
  • 104
    • 33745128081 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Systemic administration of polymyxin B induces hypothermia in rats via an inhibitory effect on metabolic rate
    • Moriyama, N.; Miyoshi, M.; Imoto, T.; Maruyama, M.; Shido, O.; Watanabe, T. Systemic administration of polymyxin B induces hypothermia in rats via an inhibitory effect on metabolic rate. Eur. J. Pharmacol., 2006, 541, 38.
    • (2006) Eur. J. Pharmacol , vol.541 , pp. 38
    • Moriyama, N.1    Miyoshi, M.2    Imoto, T.3    Maruyama, M.4    Shido, O.5    Watanabe, T.6
  • 105
    • 34247585034 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Suspected polymyxin B-induced pemphigus vulgaris in a dog
    • Rybníček, J.; Hill, P.B. Suspected polymyxin B-induced pemphigus vulgaris in a dog. Vet. Dermatol., 2007, 18, 165.
    • (2007) Vet. Dermatol , vol.18 , pp. 165
    • Rybníček, J.1    Hill, P.B.2
  • 106
    • 46649098948 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of direct hemoperfusion with a polymyxin B-immobilized fibre column (DHP-PMX Ther.y) on pulmonary ischemia-reperfusion injury in a canine model
    • Oshima, K.; Akao, T.; Kobayashi, K.; Muraoka, M.; Matsumoto, K.; Takeyoshi, I. The effect of direct hemoperfusion with a polymyxin B-immobilized fibre column (DHP-PMX Ther.y) on pulmonary ischemia-reperfusion injury in a canine model. J. Invest. Surgery, 2008, 21, 127.
    • (2008) J. Invest. Surgery , vol.21 , pp. 127
    • Oshima, K.1    Akao, T.2    Kobayashi, K.3    Muraoka, M.4    Matsumoto, K.5    Takeyoshi, I.6
  • 107
    • 36649004285 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of direct haemoperfusion through fibres immobilizing polymyxin B and nafamostat mesilate on endotoxaemia in conscious guinea-pigs
    • Nakanowatari, Y.; Nemoto, K.; Hara, S.; Ninomiya, N.; Yamamoto, Y. Effects of direct haemoperfusion through fibres immobilizing polymyxin B and nafamostat mesilate on endotoxaemia in conscious guinea-pigs. Clin. Expert Pharmacol. Physiol., 2008, 35, 17.
    • (2008) Clin. Expert Pharmacol. Physiol , vol.35 , pp. 17
    • Nakanowatari, Y.1    Nemoto, K.2    Hara, S.3    Ninomiya, N.4    Yamamoto, Y.5
  • 108
    • 0036948362 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Direct hemoperfusion with polymyxin B-immobilized fiber improves shock and hypoxemia during endotoxemia in anesthetized sheep
    • Yamamoto, H.; Koizumi, T.; Kaneki, T.; Fujimoto, K.; Kubo, K.; Honda, T. Direct hemoperfusion with polymyxin B-immobilized fiber improves shock and hypoxemia during endotoxemia in anesthetized sheep. J. Endotox. Res., 2002, 8, 418.
    • (2002) J. Endotox. Res , vol.8 , pp. 418
    • Yamamoto, H.1    Koizumi, T.2    Kaneki, T.3    Fujimoto, K.4    Kubo, K.5    Honda, T.6
  • 109
    • 33646826180 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endotoxin-neutralizing activity of polymyxin B in blood after iv administration in horses
    • Morresey, P. R.; MacKay, R. J. Endotoxin-neutralizing activity of polymyxin B in blood after iv administration in horses. Am. J. Vet. Res., 2006, 67, 642.
    • (2006) Am. J. Vet. Res , vol.67 , pp. 642
    • Morresey, P.R.1    MacKay, R.J.2
  • 110
    • 0346534559 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of Polymyxin B for treatment of endotoxemia in horses
    • Barton, M.H. Use of Polymyxin B for treatment of endotoxemia in horses. Compend. Cont. Educ. Pract. Vet., 2000, 22, 1056.
    • (2000) Compend. Cont. Educ. Pract. Vet , vol.22 , pp. 1056
    • Barton, M.H.1
  • 111
    • 3042752767 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polymyxin B protects horses against induced endotoxaemia in vivo
    • Barton, M. H.; Parviainen, A.; Norton, N. Polymyxin B protects horses against induced endotoxaemia in vivo. Equine Vet. J., 2004, 36, 397.
    • (2004) Equine Vet. J , vol.36 , pp. 397
    • Barton, M.H.1    Parviainen, A.2    Norton, N.3
  • 112
    • 0039145804 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Parviainen, A. K.; Barton, M.; H.; Norton, N. N. Evaluation of polymyxin B in an ex vivo model of endotoxemia in Horses. Am. J. Vet. Res., 2001, 62, 72.
    • Parviainen, A. K.; Barton, M.; H.; Norton, N. N. Evaluation of polymyxin B in an ex vivo model of endotoxemia in Horses. Am. J. Vet. Res., 2001, 62, 72.
  • 113
    • 0032897999 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of a conjugate of polymyxin B-dextran 70 in horses with experimentally induced endotoxemia
    • MacKay, R. J.; Clark, C. K.; Logdberg, L.; Lake, P. Effect of a conjugate of polymyxin B-dextran 70 in horses with experimentally induced endotoxemia. Am. J. Vet. Res., 1999, 60, 68.
    • (1999) Am. J. Vet. Res , vol.60 , pp. 68
    • MacKay, R.J.1    Clark, C.K.2    Logdberg, L.3    Lake, P.4
  • 114
    • 14844347960 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of the anti-endotoxic effects of polymyxin E (colistin) in dogs with naturally occurred endotoxic shock
    • Sentürk, S. Evaluation of the anti-endotoxic effects of polymyxin E (colistin) in dogs with naturally occurred endotoxic shock. J. Vet. Pharmacol. Ther., 2005, 28, 57.
    • (2005) J. Vet. Pharmacol. Ther , vol.28 , pp. 57
    • Sentürk, S.1
  • 115
    • 38349181604 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toxicity and gut associated lymphoid tissue translocation of polymyxin B orally administered by alginate/chitosan microparticles in rats
    • Coppi, G.; Bondi, M.; Coppi, A.; Rossi, T.; Sergi, S.; Iannuccelli, V. Toxicity and gut associated lymphoid tissue translocation of polymyxin B orally administered by alginate/chitosan microparticles in rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol., 2008, 60, 21.
    • (2008) J. Pharm. Pharmacol , vol.60 , pp. 21
    • Coppi, G.1    Bondi, M.2    Coppi, A.3    Rossi, T.4    Sergi, S.5    Iannuccelli, V.6
  • 116
    • 33750811176 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ex-vivo evaluation of alginate microparticles for Polymyxin B oral administration
    • Coppi, G.; Sala, N.; Bondi, M.; Sergi, S.; Iannuccelli, V. Ex-vivo evaluation of alginate microparticles for Polymyxin B oral administration. J. Drug Target., 2006, 14, 599.
    • (2006) J. Drug Target , vol.14 , pp. 599
    • Coppi, G.1    Sala, N.2    Bondi, M.3    Sergi, S.4    Iannuccelli, V.5
  • 117
    • 41349084816 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antimicrobial effectiveness of liposomal polymyxin B against resistant Gramnegative bacterial strains
    • Alipour, M.; Halwani, M.; Omri, A.; Suntres, Z. E. Antimicrobial effectiveness of liposomal polymyxin B against resistant Gramnegative bacterial strains. Int. J. Pharm., 2008, 355, 293.
    • (2008) Int. J. Pharm , vol.355 , pp. 293
    • Alipour, M.1    Halwani, M.2    Omri, A.3    Suntres, Z.E.4
  • 119
    • 33750061630 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development and comparative anti-microbial evaluation of lipid nanoparticles and nanoemulsion of polymyxin B
    • Pattani, A. S., Mandawgade, S. D., Patravale, V .B. Development and comparative anti-microbial evaluation of lipid nanoparticles and nanoemulsion of polymyxin B. J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol., 2006, 6 (9-10), 2986.
    • (2006) J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol , vol.6 , Issue.9-10 , pp. 2986
    • Pattani, A.S.1    Mandawgade, S.D.2    Patravale, V.B.3
  • 120
    • 33947395614 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of preservative systems in opthalmic suspension of polymyxin B and dexamethasone by linear regression
    • Bou-Chacra, N.; Pinto, T. D. J. A.; Kaneko, T. M. Evaluation of preservative systems in opthalmic suspension of polymyxin B and dexamethasone by linear regression. Pharmazie, 2007, 62, 199.
    • (2007) Pharmazie , vol.62 , pp. 199
    • Bou-Chacra, N.1    Pinto, T.D.J.A.2    Kaneko, T.M.3
  • 121
    • 47949092104 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Optimization of preservative system in ophthalmic suspension with dexamethasone and polymyxin B
    • Bou-Chacra, N.; Kaneko, T. M.; Pinto, T. D. J. A. Optimization of preservative system in ophthalmic suspension with dexamethasone and polymyxin B. Pharm. Ind., 2008, 70, 670.
    • (2008) Pharm. Ind , vol.70 , pp. 670
    • Bou-Chacra, N.1    Kaneko, T.M.2    Pinto, T.D.J.A.3
  • 122
    • 54549084625 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development and validation of a reversed-phase highperformance liquid chromatography assay for polymyxin B in human plasma
    • Cao, G.; Ali, F. E. A.; Chiu, F.; Zavascki, A. P.; Nation, R. L.; Li, J. Development and validation of a reversed-phase highperformance liquid chromatography assay for polymyxin B in human plasma. J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 2008, 62, 10009.
    • (2008) J. Antimicrob. Chemother , vol.62 , pp. 10009
    • Cao, G.1    Ali, F.E.A.2    Chiu, F.3    Zavascki, A.P.4    Nation, R.L.5    Li, J.6
  • 123
    • 47749153335 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aggregation behaviour of an ultra-pure lipopolysacharide that stimulates TLR-4 receptors
    • Sasaki, H.; White, S. H. Aggregation behaviour of an ultra-pure lipopolysacharide that stimulates TLR-4 receptors. Biophys. J., 2008, 95, 986.
    • (2008) Biophys. J , vol.95 , pp. 986
    • Sasaki, H.1    White, S.H.2
  • 125
    • 0033524028 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Solution structure of Polymyxins B and E and effect of binding to lipopolysaccharide: An NMR and molecular modelling study
    • Pristovšek, P.; Kidrič, J. Solution structure of Polymyxins B and E and effect of binding to lipopolysaccharide: an NMR and molecular modelling study. J. Med. Chem., 1999, 42, 4604.
    • (1999) J. Med. Chem , vol.42 , pp. 4604
    • Pristovšek, P.1    Kidrič, J.2
  • 127
  • 128
    • 0033017472 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kinetics of the interaction of endotoxin with polymyxin B and its analogs: A surface plasmon resonance analysis
    • Thomas, C. J.; Surolia, A. Kinetics of the interaction of endotoxin with polymyxin B and its analogs: a surface plasmon resonance analysis. FEBS Lett., 1999, 445, 420.
    • (1999) FEBS Lett , vol.445 , pp. 420
    • Thomas, C.J.1    Surolia, A.2
  • 129
    • 21244432036 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Temperature dependence of the binding of endotoxins to the polycationic peptides polymyxin B and its nonapeptide
    • Brandenburg, K.; David, A.; Howe, J.; Koch, M. H. J.; Andrä, J.; Garidel, P.; Temperature dependence of the binding of endotoxins to the polycationic peptides polymyxin B and its nonapeptide, Biophys. J., 2005, 88, 1845.
    • (2005) Biophys. J , vol.88 , pp. 1845
    • Brandenburg, K.1    David, A.2    Howe, J.3    Koch, M.H.J.4    Andrä, J.5    Garidel, P.6
  • 131
    • 34247866364 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Calorimetric investigations of the effect of polymyxin B on different Gram-negative bacteria
    • Howe, J.; Hammer, M. U.; Brandenburg, K. Calorimetric investigations of the effect of polymyxin B on different Gram-negative bacteria. Thermochim. Acta, 2007, 458, 34.
    • (2007) Thermochim. Acta , vol.458 , pp. 34
    • Howe, J.1    Hammer, M.U.2    Brandenburg, K.3
  • 133
    • 0036840627 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modulation of the hydrophobic domain of polymyxin B nonapeptide: Effect on outermembrane permeabilization and lipopolysaccharide neutralization
    • Tsubery, H.; Ofek, I.; Cohen, S.; Eisenstein, M.; Fridkin, M. Modulation of the hydrophobic domain of polymyxin B nonapeptide: Effect on outermembrane permeabilization and lipopolysaccharide neutralization. Mol. Pharmacol., 2002, 62, 1036.
    • (2002) Mol. Pharmacol , vol.62 , pp. 1036
    • Tsubery, H.1    Ofek, I.2    Cohen, S.3    Eisenstein, M.4    Fridkin, M.5
  • 134
    • 0034481228 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structure activity relationship study of polymyxin B nonapeptide
    • Tsubery, H.; Ofek, I.; Cohen, S.; Fridkin, M. Structure activity relationship study of polymyxin B nonapeptide. Adv. Exp. Med. Biol., 2000, 479, 219.
    • (2000) Adv. Exp. Med. Biol , vol.479 , pp. 219
    • Tsubery, H.1    Ofek, I.2    Cohen, S.3    Fridkin, M.4
  • 135
    • 0040777048 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The functional association of polymyxin B with bacterial lipopolysaccharide is stereospecific: Studies on polymyxin B nonapeptide
    • Tsubery, H.; Ofek, I.; Cohen, S.; Fridkin, M. The functional association of polymyxin B with bacterial lipopolysaccharide is stereospecific: Studies on polymyxin B nonapeptide. Biochemistry, 2000, 39, 11837.
    • (2000) Biochemistry , vol.39 , pp. 11837
    • Tsubery, H.1    Ofek, I.2    Cohen, S.3    Fridkin, M.4
  • 136
    • 0032501422 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kinetics and mechanism of the Recognitnition of endotoxin by polymyxin B
    • Thomas, C. J.; Gangadhar, B. P.; Surolia, N.; Surolia, A. Kinetics and mechanism of the Recognitnition of endotoxin by polymyxin B. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1998, 120, 12428.
    • (1998) J. Am. Chem. Soc , vol.120 , pp. 12428
    • Thomas, C.J.1    Gangadhar, B.P.2    Surolia, N.3    Surolia, A.4
  • 137
    • 0033569894 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thomas, C. J.; Surolia, N.; Surolia, A. Surface plasmon resonance studies resolve the enigmatic endotoxin neutralizing activity of polymyxin B. J. Biol. Chem., 1999, 274, 29624.
    • Thomas, C. J.; Surolia, N.; Surolia, A. Surface plasmon resonance studies resolve the enigmatic endotoxin neutralizing activity of polymyxin B. J. Biol. Chem., 1999, 274, 29624.
  • 138
    • 0037420346 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synthesis of lipid A derivatives and their interactions with polymyxin B and polymyxin B nonapeptide
    • Yin, N.; Marshall, R. L.; Matheson, S.; Savage, P. B. Synthesis of lipid A derivatives and their interactions with polymyxin B and polymyxin B nonapeptide. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2003, 125, 2426.
    • (2003) J. Am. Chem. Soc , vol.125 , pp. 2426
    • Yin, N.1    Marshall, R.L.2    Matheson, S.3    Savage, P.B.4
  • 139
    • 2342533021 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Isothermal titration calorimetric investigations of endotoxin binding to macrophages and the inhibition by polymyxin B
    • Brandenburg, K. Isothermal titration calorimetric investigations of endotoxin binding to macrophages and the inhibition by polymyxin B. Thermochim. Acta, 2004, 415, 63.
    • (2004) Thermochim. Acta , vol.415 , pp. 63
    • Brandenburg, K.1
  • 140
    • 0029870193 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Titration calorimetric studies to elucidate the specificity of the interactions of polymyxin B with lipopolysaccharides and lipid A
    • Srimal, S.; Surolia, N., Balasubramanian, S.; Surolia, A. Titration calorimetric studies to elucidate the specificity of the interactions of polymyxin B with lipopolysaccharides and lipid A. Biochem. J., 1996, 315, 679.
    • (1996) Biochem. J , vol.315 , pp. 679
    • Srimal, S.1    Surolia, N.2    Balasubramanian, S.3    Surolia, A.4
  • 141
    • 0037136995 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The interaction of rough and smooth form lipopolysaccharides with polymyxins as studied by titration calorimetry
    • Brandenburg, K.; Arraiza, M. D.; Lewark-Ivetot, G.; Moriyon, I.; Zähringer, U. The interaction of rough and smooth form lipopolysaccharides with polymyxins as studied by titration calorimetry. Thermochim. Acta, 2002, 394, 53.
    • (2002) Thermochim. Acta , vol.394 , pp. 53
    • Brandenburg, K.1    Arraiza, M.D.2    Lewark-Ivetot, G.3    Moriyon, I.4    Zähringer, U.5
  • 142
    • 0031106743 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polymyxin B nonapeptide: Conformations in water and in the lipopoplysaccharide-bound state determined by two-dimensional NMR and molecular dynamics
    • Bhattacharijya, S.; David, S.A.; Mathan, V.I.; Balaram, P. Polymyxin B nonapeptide: conformations in water and in the lipopoplysaccharide-bound state determined by two-dimensional NMR and molecular dynamics. Biopolymer, 1997, 41, 251.
    • (1997) Biopolymer , vol.41 , pp. 251
    • Bhattacharijya, S.1    David, S.A.2    Mathan, V.I.3    Balaram, P.4
  • 143
    • 23144458847 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Probing the properties of lipopolysaccharide monolayers and their interaction with the antimicrobial peptide Polymyxin B by atomic force microscopy
    • Roes, S.; Seydel, U.; Gutsmann, T. Probing the properties of lipopolysaccharide monolayers and their interaction with the antimicrobial peptide Polymyxin B by atomic force microscopy. Langmuir, 2005, 21, 6970.
    • (2005) Langmuir , vol.21 , pp. 6970
    • Roes, S.1    Seydel, U.2    Gutsmann, T.3
  • 144
    • 0032520840 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular mechanisms of Polymyxin B-membrane interactions: Direct correlation between surface charge density and self-promoted uptake
    • Wiese, A.; Münsterman, M.; Gutsmann, T.; Lindner, B.; Kawahara, K.; Zähringer, U.; Seydel, U. Molecular mechanisms of Polymyxin B-membrane interactions: direct correlation between surface charge density and self-promoted uptake. J. Membr. Biol., 1998, 162, 127.
    • (1998) J. Membr. Biol , vol.162 , pp. 127
    • Wiese, A.1    Münsterman, M.2    Gutsmann, T.3    Lindner, B.4    Kawahara, K.5    Zähringer, U.6    Seydel, U.7
  • 145
    • 49449103767 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Induction by cationic antimicrobial peptides and involvement in intrinsic polymyxin and antimicrobial peptide resistance, biofilm formation, and swarming motility of PsrA in Pseudomonas aeruginosa
    • Gooderham, W. J.; Bains, M.; McPhee, J. B.; Wiegand, I.; Hancock, R. E. W. Induction by cationic antimicrobial peptides and involvement in intrinsic polymyxin and antimicrobial peptide resistance, biofilm formation, and swarming motility of PsrA in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. J. Bacteriol., 2008, 190, 5624.
    • (2008) J. Bacteriol , vol.190 , pp. 5624
    • Gooderham, W.J.1    Bains, M.2    McPhee, J.B.3    Wiegand, I.4    Hancock, R.E.W.5
  • 147
    • 0033743315 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stages of Polymyxin B interaction with the Escherichia coli cell envelope
    • Gaugelavičius, R.; Bakiene, E.; Bamford, D. H. Stages of Polymyxin B interaction with the Escherichia coli cell envelope. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 2000, 44, 2969.
    • (2000) Antimicrob. Agents Chemother , vol.44 , pp. 2969
    • Gaugelavičius, R.1    Bakiene, E.2    Bamford, D.H.3
  • 148
    • 0026599389 scopus 로고
    • Polymyxin B induces transient permeability fluctuations in asymmetric planar lipopolysaccharide/ phospholipid bilayers
    • Schröder, G.; Brandenburg, K.; Seydel, U. Polymyxin B induces transient permeability fluctuations in asymmetric planar lipopolysaccharide/ phospholipid bilayers. Biochemistry, 1992, 31, 631.
    • (1992) Biochemistry , vol.31 , pp. 631
    • Schröder, G.1    Brandenburg, K.2    Seydel, U.3
  • 149
    • 35948981865 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Membranolytic activity of bile salts: Influence of biological membrane properties and composition
    • Garidel, P.; Hildebrand, A.; Knauf, K.; Blume, A. Membranolytic activity of bile salts: Influence of biological membrane properties and composition Molecules, 2007, 12, 2292.
    • (2007) Molecules , vol.12 , pp. 2292
    • Garidel, P.1    Hildebrand, A.2    Knauf, K.3    Blume, A.4
  • 150
    • 0034859349 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detergent-like action of the antibiotic peptide surfactin on lipid membranes
    • Heerklotz, H.; Seelig, J. Detergent-like action of the antibiotic peptide surfactin on lipid membranes. Biophys. J., 2001, 81, 1547.
    • (2001) Biophys. J , vol.81 , pp. 1547
    • Heerklotz, H.1    Seelig, J.2
  • 151
    • 34247192572 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Leakage and lysis of lipid membranes induced by the lipopeptide surfactin
    • Heerklotz, H.; Seelig, J. Leakage and lysis of lipid membranes induced by the lipopeptide surfactin. Eur. Biophys. J., 2007, 36, 305.
    • (2007) Eur. Biophys. J , vol.36 , pp. 305
    • Heerklotz, H.1    Seelig, J.2
  • 152
    • 33748946749 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mode of action of the new antibiotic for Gram-positive pathogens datomycin: Comparison with cationic antimicrobial peptides and lipopeptides
    • Straus, S. K.; Hancock, R. E. W. Mode of action of the new antibiotic for Gram-positive pathogens datomycin: comparison with cationic antimicrobial peptides and lipopeptides. Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 2006, 1758, 1215.
    • (2006) Biochim. Biophys. Acta , vol.1758 , pp. 1215
    • Straus, S.K.1    Hancock, R.E.W.2
  • 156
    • 39149084346 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of the cell envelope in the antibacterial activities of polymyxin B and polymyxin B nonapeptide against Escherichia coli
    • Sahalan, A. Z.; Dixon, R. A. Role of the cell envelope in the antibacterial activities of polymyxin B and polymyxin B nonapeptide against Escherichia coli. Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents, 2008, 31, 224.
    • (2008) Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents , vol.31 , pp. 224
    • Sahalan, A.Z.1    Dixon, R.A.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.