Simvastatin attenuates experimental small airway remodelling in rats

Respirology

Volumn 14, Issue 5, 2009, Pages 734-745

  Ou, Xue Mei ^a   Wen, Fu Qiang ^a,b   Uhal, Bruce D ^c   Feng, Yu Lin ^a,b   Huang, Xiang Yang ^a,b   Wang, Tao ^a,b   Wang, Ke ^a,b   Liu, Dai Shun ^a,b   Wang, Xun ^a,b   Chen, Lei ^a,b  

^a SICHUAN UNIVERSITY   (China)

^b SICHUAN UNIVERSITY   (China)

^c MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Cigarette smoke; Connective simvastatin; Small airway remodelling; Tissue growth factor; Transforming growth factor 1

Indexed keywords

CIGARETTE SMOKE; COLLAGEN; CONNECTIVE TISSUE GROWTH FACTOR; HYDROXYPROLINE; RHOA GUANINE NUCLEOTIDE BINDING PROTEIN; SIMVASTATIN; SMAD2 PROTEIN; SMAD3 PROTEIN; SMAD7 PROTEIN; TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR BETA1; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA;

ANIMAL CELL; ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANIMAL TISSUE; ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; DOWN REGULATION; DRUG DOSE COMPARISON; DRUG INHIBITION; DRUG MECHANISM; GENE EXPRESSION; MACROPHAGE; MALE; NEUTROPHIL; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; PROTEIN PHOSPHORYLATION; PROTEIN SYNTHESIS; RAT; RESPIRATORY EPITHELIUM; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; SMALL AIRWAY DISEASE; TISSUE GROWTH;

AIRWAY REMODELING; ANIMALS; COLLAGEN; DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL; DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIP, DRUG; HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL-COA REDUCTASE INHIBITORS; HYDROXYPROLINE; LUNG; MALE; RATS; RATS, SPRAGUE-DAWLEY; RHOA GTP-BINDING PROTEIN; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; SIMVASTATIN; SMAD PROTEINS; TOBACCO SMOKE POLLUTION; TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR BETA1;

EID: 68149105815     PISSN: 13237799     EISSN: 14401843     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1843.2009.01549.x     Document Type: Article

References (60)

1. National Institutes of Health, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute. Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease. Workshop report, global strategy for diagnosis, management, and prevention of COPD. 2006 Accessed 20 June 2008.] Available from URL: http://www.goldcopd.com
2. Jeffery PK. Remodeling in asthma and chronic obstructive lung disease. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2001 164 : S28 38.
3. Jeffery PK. Remodeling and inflammation of bronchi in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Proc. Am. Thorac. Soc. 2004 1 : 176 83.
4. Busse W, Elias J, Sheppard D, Banks-Schlegel S. Airway remodeling and repair. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 1999 160 : 1035 42.
5. Chung KF The role of airway smooth muscle in the pathogenesis of airway wall remodeling in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Proc. Am. Thorac. Soc. 2005 2 : 347 54.
6. Hogg JC, Chu F, Utokaparch S, Woods R, Elliott WM et al. The nature of small airway obstruction in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. N. Engl. J. Med. 2004 350 : 2645 53.
7. Cosio M, Ghezzo H, Hogg JC, Corbin R, Loveland M et al. The nature of small airway obstruction in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. N. Engl. J. Med. 1978 298 : 1277 81.
8. Bosken CH, Wiggs BR, Pare PD, Hogg JC. Small airway dimensions in smokers with obstruction to airflow. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 1990 142 : 563 70.
9. Bergeron C, Boulet LP. Structural changes in airway diseases: characteristics, mechanisms, consequences, and pharmacologic modulation. Chest 2006 129 : 1068 87.
10. MacNee W. Pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Proc. Am. Thorac. Soc. 2005 2 : 258 66.
11. Wang RD, Tai H, Xie C, Wang X, Wright JL et al. Cigarette smoke produces airway wall remodeling in rat tracheal explants. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2003 168 : 1232 6.
12. Bonniaud P, Margetts PJ, Ask K, Flanders K, Gauldie J et al. TGF-β and Smad3 signaling link inflammation to chronic fibrogenesis. J. Immunol. 2005 175 : 5390 5.
13. 1 and CTGF. Curr. Opin. Rheumatol. 2002 14 : 681 5.
14. Moussad EE, Brigstock DR. Connective tissue growth factor: what's in a name? Mol. Genet. Metab. 2000 71 : 276 92.
15. Kothapalli D, Frazier KS, Welply A, Segarini PR, Grotendorst GR. Transforming growth factor beta induces anchorage-independent growth of NRK fibroblasts via a connective tissue growth factor dependent signaling pathway. Cell Growth Differ. 1997 8 : 61 8.
16. 1 in small airway epithelium from tobacco smokers and patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2001 163 : 1476 83.
17. Churg A, Tai H, Coulthard T, Wang R, Wright JL. Cigarette smoke drives small airway remodeling by induction of growth factors in the airway wall. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2006 174 : 1327 34.
18. Weitz-Schmidt G. Statins as anti-inflammatory agents. Trends Pharmacol. Sci. 2002 23 : 482 6.
19. Munford RS. Statins and the acute-phase response. N. Engl. J. Med. 2001 344 : 2016 18.
20. Sparrow CP, Burton CA, Hernandez M, Mundt S, Hassing H et al. Simvastatin has anti-inflammatory and antiatherosclerotic activities independent of plasma cholesterol lowering. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 2001 21 : 115 21.
21. Eberlein M, Heusinger-Ribeiro J, Goppelt-Struebe M. Rho-dependent inhibition of the induction of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) by HMG CoA reductase inhibitors (statins). Br. J. Pharmacol. 2001 133 : 1172 80.
22. Watts KL, Spiteri MA. Connective tissue growth factor expression and induction by transforming growth factor {beta}, is abrogated by simvastatin via a Rho signalling mechanism. Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol. 2004 287 : L1323 32.
23. Muehlich S, Schneider N, Hinkmann F, Garlichs CD, Goppelt-Struebe M. Induction of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) in human endothelial cells by lysophosphatidic acid, sphingosine-1-phosphate, and platelets. Atherosclerosis 2004 175 : 261 8.
24. Keddissi JI, Younis WG, Chbeir EA, Daher NN, Dernaika TA et al. The use of statins and lung function in current and former smokers. Chest 2007 132 : 1764 71.
25. Alexeeff SE, Litonjua AA, Sparrow D, Vokonas PS, Schwartz J. Statin use reduces decline in lung function: VA normative aging study. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2007 176 : 742 7.
26. Dileto CL, Travis EL. Fibroblast radiosensitivity in vitro and lung fibrosis in vivo: comparison between a fibrosis-prone and fibrosis-resistant mouse strain. Radiat. Res. 1996 146 : 61 7.
27. Rubio ML, Sanchez-Cifuentes MV, Ortega M, Peces-Barba G, Escolar JD et al. N-acetylcysteine prevents cigarette smoke induced small airways alterations in rats. Eur. Respir. J. 2000 15 : 505 11.
28. Pini L, Torregiani C, Martin JG, Hamid Q, Ludwig MS. Airway remodeling in allergen-challenged Brown Norway rats: distribution of proteoglycans. Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol. 2006 290 : L1052 8.
29. Cho JY, Miller M, Baek KJ, Han JW, Nayar J et al. Immunostimulatory DNA inhibits transforming growth factor-β expression and airway remodeling. Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. 2004 30 : 651 61.
30. Tanaka H, Komai M, Nagao K, Ishizaki M, Kajiwara D et al. Role of interleukin-5 and eosinophils in allergen-induced airway remodeling in mice. Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. 2004 31 : 62 8.
31. Broide DH, Lawrence T, Doherty T, Cho JY, Miller M et al. Allergen-induced peribronchial fibrosis and mucus production mediated by IκB kinase β-dependent genes in airway epithelium. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 2005 102 : 17723 8.
32. Woessner JF. The determination of hydroxyproline in tissue and protein samples containing small proportions of this amino acid. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 1961 93 : 440 7.
33. δδCT method. Methods 2001 25 : 402 8.
34. Lee JH, Lee DS, Kim EK, Choe KH, Oh YM et al. Simvastatin inhibits cigarette smoking-induced emphysema and pulmonary hypertension in rat lungs. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2005 172 : 987 93.
35. Shapiro SD, Goldstein NM, Houghton AM, Kobayashi DK, Kelley D et al. Neutrophil elastase contributes to cigarette smoke-induced emphysema in mice. Am. J. Pathol. 2003 163 : 2329 35.
36. Nagase H, Woessner JF. Matrix metalloproteinase. J. Biol. Chem. 1999 274 : 21491 4.
37. 3 gene expression in normal human and murine lung. Eur. Respir. J. 1996 9 : 2501 7.
38. Wang RD, Wright JL, Churg A. Transforming growth factor-1 drives airway remodeling in cigarette smoke-exposed tracheal explants. Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. 2005 33 : 387 93.
39. Wang H, Liu X, Umino T, Kohyama T, Zhu YK et al. Effect of cigarette smoke on fibroblast-mediated gel contraction is dependent on cell density. Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol. 2003 284 : L205 13.
40. + T-lymphocytes in peripheral airways of smokers with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 1998 157 : 822 6.
41. Rutgers SR, Timens W, Kaufmann HF, van der Mark TW, Koëter GH et al. Comparison of induced sputum with bronchial wash, bronchoalveolar lavage and bronchial biopsies in COPD. Eur. Respir. J. 2000 15 : 109 15.
42. Beeh KM, Kornmann O, Buhl R, Culpitt SV, Giembycz MA et al. Neutrophil chemotactic activity of sputum from patients with COPD: role of interleukin-8 and leukotriene B4. Chest 2003 123 : 1240 7.
43. McKay A, Leung BP, McInnes IB, Thomson NC, Liew FY. A novel anti-inflammatory role of simvastatin in a murine model of allergic asthma. J. Immunol. 2004 172 : 2903 8.
44. Takahashi S, Nakamura H, Furuuchi M. Simvastatin suppressed the development of elastase-induced emphysema in mice [Abstract Proc. Am. Thorac. Soc. 2005 2 : A135.
45. Piguet PF, Ribaux C, Karpuz V, Grau GE, Kapanci Y. Expression and localization of tumor necrosis factor-α and its mRNA in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Am. J. Pathol. 1993 143 : 651 5.
46. Thrall RS, Vogel SN, Evans R, Shultz LD. Role of tumor necrosis factor-α in the spontaneous development of pulmonary fibrosis in viable motheaten mutant mice. Am. J. Pathol. 1997 151 : 1303 10.
47. 1 and myofibroblasts. Am. J. Pathol. 1998 153 : 825 32.
48. Zhang K, Gharaee-Kermani M, McGarry B, Remick D, Phan SH. TNF-alpha-mediated lung cytokine networking and eosinophil recruitment in pulmonary fibrosis. J. Immunol. 1997 158 : 954 9.
49. 1 causes airway fibrosis and increased collagen I and III mRNA in mice. Thorax 2003 58 : 772 7.
50. Okouchi M, Okayama N, Omi H, Imaeda K, Shimizu M et al. Cerivastatin ameliorates high insulin-enhanced neutrophil-endothelial cell adhesion and endothelial intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression by inhibiting mitogen-activated protein kinase activation. J. Diabetes Complications 2003 17 : 380 6.
51. Patel TR, Corbett SA. Simvastatin suppresses LPS-induced Akt phosphorylation in the human monocyte cell line THP-1. J. Surg. Res. 2004 116 : 116 20.
52. Patel TR, Corbett SA. Mevastatin suppresses lipopolysaccharide-induced Rac activation in the human monocyte cell line THP-1. Surgery 2003 134 : 306 11.
53. Chen LY, Zuraw BL, Liu FT, Huang S, Pan ZK. IL-1 receptor-associated kinase and low molecular weight GTPase RhoA signal molecules are required for bacterial lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine gene transcription. J. Immunol. 2002 169 : 3934 9.
54. Hippenstiel S, Soeth S, Kellas B, Fuhrmann O, Seybold J et al. Rho proteins and the p38-MAPK pathway are important mediators for LPS-induced interleukin-8 expression in human endothelial cells. Blood 2000 95 : 3044 51.
55. Shimizu S, Tahara M, Ogata S, Hashimoto K, Morishige K et al. Involvement of nuclear factor-kB activation through RhoA/Rho-kinase pathway in LPS-induced IL-8 production in human cervical stromal cells. Mol. Hum. Reprod. 2007 13 : 181 7.
56. Watts KL, Sampson EM, Schultz GS, Spiteri MA. Simvastatin inhibits growth factor expression and modulates profibrogenic markers in lung fibroblasts. Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. 2005 32 : 290 300.
57. Postma DS, Timens W. Remodeling in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Proc. Am. Thorac. Soc. 2006 3 : 434 9.
58. Kamaraju AK, Roberts AB. Role of Rho/ROCK and p38 MAP kinase pathways in transforming growth factor-beta-mediated Smad-dependent growth inhibition of human breast carcinoma cells in vivo. J. Biol. Chem. 2005 280 : 1024 36.
59. Chen S, Crawford M, Day RM, Briones VR, Leader JE et al. RhoA modulates Smad signaling during transforming growth factor-beta-induced smooth muscle differentiation. J. Biol. Chem. 2006 281 : 1765 70.
60. Jacobson JR, Barnard JW, Grigoryev DN, Ma SF, Tuder RM et al. Simvastatin attenuates vascular leak and inflammation in murine inflammatory lung injury. Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol. 2005 288 : 1026 32.