Understanding starch structure and functionality

Starch in Food: Structure, Function and Applications

Volumn , Issue , 2004, Pages 156-184

  Donald, A M ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 67650827775     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1016/B978-1-85573-731-0.50009-8     Document Type: Chapter

References (119)

1. ANJUM F.M., WALKER C.E. 'Review on the significance of starch and protein to wheat kernel hardness'. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 1991, 56:1-13.
2. ATKIN N.J., ABEYSEKERA R.M., CHENG S.L., ROBARDS A.W. 'An experimentally-based predictive model for the separation of amylopectin subunits during starch gelatinization'. Carbohydrate Polymers 1998, 36:173-192.
3. ATKIN N.J., CHENG S.L., ABEYSEKERA R.M., ROBARDS A.W. 'Localisation of amylose and amylopectin in starch granules using enzyme-gold labelling'. Starch/Stärke 1999, 51:163-172.
4. BADENHUIZEN N.P. 'Abhandlung zur physikalischen Chemie der Stärke und der Brotbereitung. XXV Weiter Beobachtungen über die Blöckchenstruktur der Stärkerkörner'. Z für Physik Chemie 1936, A175:383-395.
5. BADENHUIZEN N.P. 'Growth and corrosion of the starch granule in connection with our present knowledge of the microscopical and chemical organisation.'. Zeitschrift f. Bot 1939, 33:140-468.
6. BADENHUIZEN N.P. Handbuch der Protoplasmaforschung 1959, 1-73. Springer-Verlag. L.V. Heiltrun, F. Weber (Eds.).
7. BAKER A.A., MILES M.J., HELBERT W. 'Internal structure of the starch granule revealed by AFM'. Carb. Res. 2001, 330:249-256.
8. BALDWIN P.M., ADLER J., DAVIES M.C., MELIA C.D. 'Holes in starch granules: confocal SEM and light microscopy studies of starch granule structure'. Starch 1994, 46:341-346.
9. BANKS W., MUIR D. The Biochemistry of Plants, Vol 3: Carbohydrates: structure and function 1980, 321-69. Academic Press, New York. J. Preiss (Ed.).
10. BANKS W., GEDDES R., GREENWOOD C.T., JONES I.G. 'Physicochemical studies on starches'. Starch 1972, 24:245-280.
11. BARRON C., BOUCHET B., DELLA VALLE G., GALLANT D., PLANCHOT V. 'Microscopical study of the destructuring of waxy maize and smooth pea starches by shear and heat at low hydration'. J Cer Sci. 2001, 33:289-300.
12. Starch Advances in Structure and Function 2001, RSC, Cambridge. T.L. Barsby, A.M. Donald, P.J. Frazier (Eds.).
13. BASSETT D. Principles of Polymer Morphology 1981, CUP, Cambridge.
14. BLANSHARD J.M.V. Starch: Properties and Potential 1987, 17-78. Wiley. T. Galliard (Ed.).
15. BLANSHARD J.M.V., BATES D.R., MUHR A.H., WORCESTER D.L., HIGGINS J.S. 'Small angle neutron scattering studies of starch granule structure'. Carbohydrate Polymers 1984, 4:427-442.
16. BOGRACHEVA T., WANG T., MORRIS V.J., RING S.G., HEDLEY C.L. 'The granular structure of C-type pea starch and its role in gelatinisation.'. Biopolymers 1998, 45:323-332.
17. BULEON A., GERARD C., RIEKEL C., VUONG R., CHANZY H. 'Details of the crystalline ultrastructure of C-starch granules revealed by synchrotron microfocus mapping'. Macromols 1998, 31:6605-6610.
18. BUTTROSE M.S. 'Submicroscopic development and structure of starch granules in cereal endosperms'. Journal of Ultrastructure Research 1960, 4:231-257.
19. BUTTROSE M.S. 'Influence of environment on the shell structure of starch granules'. J. Cell Biol. 1962, 14:159-167.
20. BUTTROSE M.S. 'Electron microscopy of acid-degraded starch granules'. Stärke 1963, 15:85-92.
21. CAMERON R.E., DONALD A.M. 'A SAXS study of the annealing and gelatinisation of starch'. Polymer 1992, 33:2628-2635.
22. CAMERON R.E., DONALD A.M. 'A SAXS study of the absorption of water into the starch granule'. Carb Res. 1993, 244:225-236.
23. COLONNA P., DOUBLIER J.L., MELCION J.P., DE MONREDON F.C.M. 'Extrusion cooking and drum drying of wheat starch. I. Physical and macromolecular modifications'. Cereal Chem. 1984, 61:538-543.
24. COLONNA P., LELOUP V., BULEON A. 'Limiting factors of starch hydrolysis'. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 1992, 46:S17-S32.
25. COOKE D., GIDLEY M.J. 'Loss of crystalline and molecular order during starch gelatinisation: origin of the enthalpic transition'. Carbohydrate Research 1992, 227:103-112.
26. DANIELS D.R., DONALD A.M. 'An improved model for analysing the SAXS of starch granules'. Biopolymers 2003, 69:165-175.
27. DIOSADY L.L., PATON D., ROSEN N., RUBIN L.J., ATHANASSOULIAS C. 'Degradation of wheat starch in a single-screw extruder: mechano-kinetic breakdown of cooked starch'. J. Food Sci. 1985, 50:1697-1699.
28. DONALD A.M., WINDLE A.H. Liquid Crystalline Polymers 1992, CUP.
29. DONALD A.M., WAIGH T.A., JENKINS P.J., GIDLEY M.J., DEBET M., SMITH A. Starch Structure and Function 1997, RSC, Cambridge. P.J. Frazier, A.M. Donald, P. Richmond (Eds.).
30. DONOVAN J. 'Phase transitions of the starch water system'. Biopolymers 1979, 18:263-275.
31. ENGLYST H.N., KINGMAN S.M., CUMMINGS J.H. 'Classification and measurement of nutritionally important starch fractions'. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 1992, 46:533-550.
32. EVANS I., HAISMAN D. 'The effect of solutes on the gelatinisation temperature range of potato starch'. Stärke 1982, 34:224-231.
33. Starch Structure and Functionality 1997, RSC, Cambridge. P.J. Frazier, P. Richmond, A.M. Donald (Eds.).
34. FRENCH D. Starch: Chemistry and Technology 1984, 183-247. Academic Press, Inc., London. R.L. Whistler, J.N. Bemiller, E.F. Paschall (Eds.).
35. FREY-WYSSLING A., BUTTROSE M.C. 'Makromolekulare Feinstlamellen in den Körnern der Kartoffelstärke'. Makromolekulare Chem. 1961, 44:173-178.
36. FULTON D.C., EDWARDS A., PILLING E., ROBINSON H.L., FAHY B., SEALE R., KATO L., DONALD A.M., GEIGENBERGER P., SMITH A.M. 'Determination of Starch Granule Morphology in Potato'. J Biol Chem. 2002, 277:10834-10841.
37. GALLANT D., GUILBOT A. 'DÉveloppement des connaissances dur l'ultrastructure du grain d'amidon'. Starch 1973, 25:335-342.
38. GALLANT P.D., MASSY A.G. 'Etude de l'ultrastructure du grain d'amidon à l'aide de nouvelles méthodes de préparation en microscopic Électronique'. Di Stärke 1969, 156-163.
39. GALLANT D.J., BOUCHET B., BULEON A., PEREZ S. 'Physical characteristics of starch granules and susceptibility to enzymatic degradation'. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 1992, 46:S3-S16.
40. GALLANT D.J., BOUCHET B., BALDWIN P.M. 'Microscopy of starch: evidence of a new level of granule organization'. Carb Poly 1997, 32:177-191.
41. GERARD C., PLANCHOT V., COLONNA P., BERTOFT E. 'Relationship between branching density and crystalline structure of A and B type maize mutant starches'. Carb Res. 2000, 326:130-144.
42. GÉRARD C., COLONNA P., BULEON A., PLANCHOT V. 'Amylolysis of maize mutant starches'. J Sci Food Agri 2001, 81:1281-1287.
43. GHIASI K., HOSENEY R, VARIANNOMARSTON E. 'Effects of flour components and dough ingredients on starch gelatinisation'. Cer Chem. 1983, 60:58-61.
44. GIDLEY M. 'Factors affecting the crystalline type (A-C) of native starches and model compounds: A rationalisation of observed effects in terms of polymorphic structures.'. Carb Res. 1987, 161:301-304.
45. 2O at 50 δC'. Starch 1971, 23:210.
46. HAN X., CAMPANELLA O., MIX N., HAMAKER B. 'Consequences of starch damage on rheological properties of maize starch pastes'. Cer Chem. 2002, 79:897-901.
47. HANSON E., KATZ J. 'über Versuche die gewachsene Struktur des Stärkerkorns mikroskopisch sichtbar zu machen, besonders an lintnerisierter Stärke.'. Z für Physik Chemie 1934, A168:339-352.
48. HILL R.D., DRONZEK B.L. 'Scanning electron microscopy studies of wheat, potato and corn during gelatinisation.'. Stärke 1973, 25:367-372.
49. HIZUKURI S. 'Relationship between the distribution of the chain length of amylopectin and the crystalline structure of starch granules'. Carbohydrate Research 1985, 141:295-306.
50. HIZUKURI S. 'Polymodal distribution of the chain length of amylopectins and its significance'. Carb. Res. 1986, 147:342-347.
51. HIZUKURI S., MAEHARA Y. 'Fine structure of wheat amylopectin: the mode of A to B chain binding'. Carb. Res. 1990, 206:145-159.
52. HIZUKURI S., KANEKO T., TAKEDA Y. 'Measurement of the chain length of amylopectin and its relevance to the origin of crystalline polymorphism of starch granules'. Biochima and Biophysica Acta. 1983, 760:188-191.
53. HOOVER R., VASANTHAN T. 'Effect of heat-moisture treatment on the structure and physicochemical properties of cereal, legume, and tuber starches'. Carbo. Res. 1994, 252:33-53.
54. IMBERTY A., BULEON A., TRAN V., PEREZ S. 'recent advances in knowledge of starch structure'. Starch 1991, 43:375-384.
55. JACOBS H., DELCOUR J. 'Hydrothermal modifications of granular starch, with retention of the granular structure: a review'. J Agric Food Chem. 1998, 46:2895-2905.
56. JACOBS H., EERLINGEN R., CLAUWAERT W., DELCOUR J. 'Influence of annealing on the pasting properties of starches from varying botanical sources.'. Cer Chem. 1995, 72:480-487.
57. JACOBS H., EERLINGEN R.C., SPAEPEN H., GROBET P.J., DELCOUR J.A. 'Impact of annealing on the susceptibility of wheat, potato and pea starches to hydrolysis with pancreatin'. Carbohydrate Research 1998, 305:193-207.
58. JACOBS H., MISCHENKO N., KOCH M.H.J., EERLINGEN R.C., DELCOUR J.A., REYNAERS H. 'Evaluation of the impact of annealing on gelatinisation at intermediate water content of wheat and potato starches: A differential scanning calorimetry and small angle X-ray scattering study'. Carbohydrate Research 1998, 306:1-10.
59. JANE J.-L., KASEMUWAN T., LEAS S., ZOBEL H., ROBYT J. 'Anthology of Starch granule morphology by scanning electron microscopy'. Starch 1994, 46:121-129.
60. JANE J.-L., WONG K.-S., MCPHERSON A. 'Branch structure difference in starches of A- and B-type X-ray patterns revealed by their Nägeli dextrins'. Carb Res. 1997, 300:219-227.
61. JENKINS P.J., DONALD A.M. 'The effect of hydrolysis on native starch granule structure'. Stärke 1997, 49:462-467.
62. JENKINS P.J., DONALD A.M. 'Gelatinisation of starch: a combined SAXS/WAXS/SANS study'. Carb Res. 1998, 308:133-147.
63. JENKINS P.J., CAMERON R.E., DONALD A.M. 'A universal feature in the structure of starch granules from different botanical sources'. Stärke 1993, 45:417-420.
64. JENKINS P.J., CAMERON R.E., DONALD A.M., BRAS W., DERBYSHIRE G.E., MANT G.R., RYAN A.J. 'In situ simultaneous small and wide angle Xray scattering: a new technique to study starch gelatinisation'. J Poly Sci Phys Ed 1994, 32:1579-1583.
65. KAINUMA K., FRENCH D. 'Nägeli amylodextrin and its relationship to starch granule structure II. Role of water in crystallization of B-starch.'. Biopolymers 1972, 11:2241-2250.
66. KATZ J.R., VAN ITALLIE T.B. 'Abhandlungen zur physikalischen Chemie der Stärke und der Brotbereitung. V. Alle Stärkearten haben das gleiche Retrogradationsspektrum'. Z. Physikal Chem. 1930, 150:90-99.
67. KUIPERS A.G.J., JACOBSEN E., VISSER R.G.F. 'Formation and deposition of amylose in the potato tuber starch granule are affected by the reduction of granule-bound starch synthase gene expression.'. The Plant Cell 1994, 6:43-52.
68. LABUZA T. Water Relations in Foods 1975, Academic Press, New York. R. Duckworth (Ed.).
69. LELIEVRE J. 'Starch Damage'. Stärke 1974, 26:85-88.
70. LESZCZYñSKI W. 'New methods for determination of starch gelatinisation temperatures'. Stärke 1987, 39:375-378.
71. LINTNER C.J. J. Prakt. Chem. 1886, 34:378.
72. LIU H., LELIEVRE J., AYONG-CHEE W. 'A study of starch gelatinisation using differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray and birefringence measurements'. Carbohydrate Research 1991, 210:79-87.
73. MATHIAS P., BAILEY K., MCEVOY J., CUFFE M., SAVAGE A., ALLEN A. Starch Structure and Functionality 1997, RSC, Cambridge. P.J. Frazier, A.M. Donald, P. Richmond (Eds.).
74. MOK C., DICK J.W. 'Moisture absorption of damaged wheat starch'. Cereal Chemistry 1991, 68:405-409.
75. MOK C., DICK J.W. 'Response of starch of different wheat classes to ball milling'. Cereal Chemistry 1991, 68:409-412.
76. MORRISON W.R., TESTER R.F., GIDLEY M.J. 'Properties of damaged starch granules II. crystallinity, molecular order and gelatinization of ball-milled starches.'. J Cer Sci. 1994, 19:209-217.
77. MUHR A.H., BLANSHARD J.M.V., BATES D.R. 'The effect of lintnerisation on wheat and potato starch granules'. Carb Poly 1984, 4:399-425.
78. NäGELI W. Liebigs Annalen der Chemie 1874, 173:218.
79. OOSTERGETEL G.T., VAN BRUGGEN E.F.J. 'The crystalline domains in potato starch granules are arranged in a helical fashion.'. Carb Poly 1993, 21:7-12.
80. O'SULLIVAN A.C., PEREZ S. 'The Relationship between Internal Chain Length of Amylopectin and Crystallinity in Starch'. Biopolymers 1999, 50:381-390.
81. PEARSON J. Mechanics of polymer processing 1985, Elsevier, London.
82. PERRY P.A., DONALD A.M. 'The role of plasticisation in starch granule assembly'. Biomacromols 2000, 1:424-432.
83. PERRY P.A., DONALD A.M. 'the Effect of Sugars on the Gelatinisation of Starch'. Carb Res. 2002, 49:155-165.
84. PLANCHOT V., COLONNA P., BULEON A. 'Enzymatic hydrolysis of α-glucan crystallites'. Carb Res. 1997, 298:319-326.
85. PLANCHOT V., COLONNA P., BULEON A., GALLANT D.J. Starch Structure and Functionality 1997, RSC, Cambridge. P.J. Frazier, A.M. Donald, P. Richmond (Eds.).
86. RANI M.R.S., BHATTACHARYA K.R. 'Microscopy of rice starch granules during cooking'. Starch 1995, 47:334-337.
87. RIDOUT M., GUNNING A., PARKER M., WILSON R., MORRIS V.J. 'Using AFM to image the internal structure of starch granules'. Carb Poly 2002, 50:123-132.
88. ROBIN J.P., MERCIER C., CHARBONNIERE R., GUILBOT A. 'Lintnerized starches. Gel filtration and enzymatic studies of insoluble residues from prolonged acid treatment of potato starch'. Cereal Chemistry 1974, 51:389-4105.
89. ROBIN J.P., MERCIER C., DUPRAT F., CHARBONNIèRE R., GUILBOT A. 'Lintnerized starches. Chromatographic and enzymatic studies of insoluble residues from acid hydrolysis of various cereal starches, particularly waxy maize starch'. Stärke 1975, 27:36-45.
90. ROBIN J.P., MERCIER C., DUPRAT F., CHARBONNIERE R, GUILBOT A. 'Amidons Lintnerises'. Die Stärke 1975, 27:36-45.
91. SAFRAN S. Statistical thermodynamics of surfaces, interfaces and membranes 1994, Addison Wesley.
92. SHI Y.-C., SEIB P.A. 'The structure of four waxy starches related to gelatinisation and retrogradation.'. Carbohydrate Research 1992, 227:131-145.
93. SLADE L., LEVINE H. Frontiers in Carbohydrate Research -1: Food Applications 1989, Elsevier Applied Science, London. R.P. Milane, J.N. Bemiller, R. Chandrasekaran (Eds.).
94. SMITH A.M. 'The Biosynthesis of Starch Granules'. Biomacromolecules 2001, 2:335-341.
95. VAN SOEST J.J.G., WIT D.D., TOURNOIS H., VLIEGENTHART J.F.G. 'The influence of glycerol on structural changes in waxy maize starch as studied by Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy'. Polymer 1994, 35:4722-4727.
96. SPIES R., HOSENEY R. 'Effect of sugars on starch gelatinisation'. Cer Chem. 1982, 59:128-131.
97. STERLING C.J. 'A low angle spacing in starch'. J. Poly. Sci. 1962, 56:S10-S12.
98. STUTE R. 'Hydrothermal modification of starches - the difference between annealing and heat-moisture treatment.'. Starch 1992, 44:205-214.
99. TANG H.-R., BRUN A., HILLS B. 'A proton NMR relaxation study of the gelatinisation and acid hydrolysis of native potato starch'. Carb Poly 2001, 46:7-18.
100. TATGE H., MARSHALL J., MARTIN C., EDWARDS E., SMITH A. 'Evidence that amylose synthesis occurs within the matrix of the starch granule in potato tubers'. Plant Cell and Env 1999, 22:543-550.
101. TESTER R. 'Properties of damaged starch granules: composition and swelling properties of maize, rice, pea and potato starch fractions in water at various temperatures'. Food Hydrocolloids 1997, 11:291-301.
102. TESTER R.F., DEBON S.J. 'Annealing of starch - a review'. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 2000, 27:1-12.
103. TESTER R.F., DEBON S., KARKALAS J. 'Annealing of wheat starch'. J Cer Sci. 1998, 28:259-272.
104. TESTER R.F., DEBON S., SOMMERVILLE M. 'Annealing of maize starch'. Carb Poly 2000, 42:287-299.
105. THOMPSON D.B. 'On the non-random nature of amylopectin branching'. Carbohydrate Polymers 2000, 43:223-239.
106. TOMKA I. Water Relationships in Starch 1991, 627-637. Plenum, New York. H. Levine, L. Slade (Eds.).
107. WAIGH T.A., JENKINS P.J., DONALD A.M. 'Quantification of water in carbohydrate lamellae using Sans'. Far Disc 1996, 103:325-337.
108. WAIGH T.A., HOPKINSON I.M., DONALD A.M., BUTLER M.F., HEIDELBACH F., RIEKEL C. 'Analysis of the native structure of starch granules with X-ray microfocus diffraction'. Macromols 1997, 30:3813-3820.
109. WAIGH T.A., RIEKEL C., GIDLEY M., DONALD A.M. 'Side chain liquid crystalline properties of starch'. Macromols 1998, 31.
110. WAIGH T.A., DONALD A.M., HEIDELBACH F., RIEKEL C., GIDLEY M.J. 'Analysis of the native structure of starch granules with SAXS microfocus diffraction'. Biopolymers 1999, 49:91-105.
111. WAIGH T.A., GIDLEY M.J., KOMANSHEK B.U., DONALD A.M. 'The phase transformations in starch during gelatinisation: a liquid crystalline approach'. Carb Res. 2000, 328:165-176.
112. WAIGH T.A., KATO K.L., DONALD A.M., GIDLEY M.J., RIEKEL C. 'Side-Chain Liquid-Crystalline Model for Starch'. Stärke 2000, 52:252-260.
113. WANG T.L., BARBER L., CRAIG J., DENYER K., HARRISON C., LLOYD J.R., MACLEOD M., SMITH A., HEDLEY C.L. Starch Structure and Functionality 1997, 188-195. RSC, Cambridge. P.J. Frazier, P. Richmond, A.M. Donald (Eds.).
114. WENIG W., BRAMER R. 'Die Bedeutung der mittleren probendichte für die quantitative interpretation der rontgenkleinwinkelstreuung teilkristalliner polymerer'. Colloid and Poly. Sci. 1978, 256:125.
115. YAMADA T., TAMAKI S., HISAMATSU M., TERANISHI K. Starch Structure and Functionality 1997, RSC, Cambridge. P. Frazier, P. Richmond, A. Donald (Eds.).
116. YOST D.A., HOSENEY R.C. 'Annealing and Tg of starch'. Starch 1986, 38:289.
117. ZEEMAN S.C., TIESSEN A., PILLING E., KATO K.L., DONALD A.M., SMITH A.M. 'Starch synthesis in arabidopsis. Granule synthesis, composition and structure'. Plant Phys 2002, 129:516-529.
118. ZIMM B., BRAGG J. J Chem Phys 1959, 31:526.
119. ZOBEL H.F. 'Molecules to granules: a comprehensive starch review'. Starch 1988, 40:44.