메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 23, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 17-31

RAF expression in human astrocytic tumors

Author keywords

A RAF; Astrocytoma; B RAF; C RAF; Expression analysis; Glioblastoma multiforme; Glioma; Sequencing

Indexed keywords

A RAF KINASE; B RAF KINASE; PHOSPHOTRANSFERASE; PROTEIN C RAF; RAF PROTEIN; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; MESSENGER RNA; MUTANT PROTEIN;

EID: 61749097614     PISSN: 11073756     EISSN: 1791244X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3892/ijmm_00000097     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (29)

References (79)
  • 1
    • 7944234916 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pathology and molecular genetics of astrocytic gliomas
    • Reifenberger G and Collins VP: Pathology and molecular genetics of astrocytic gliomas. J Mol Med 82: 656-670, 2004.
    • (2004) J Mol Med , vol.82 , pp. 656-670
    • Reifenberger, G.1    Collins, V.P.2
  • 3
    • 0036569467 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prospective randomized trial of low-versus high-dose radiation therapy in adults with supratentorial low-grade glioma: Initial report of a North Central Cancer Treatment Group/ Radiation Therapy Oncology Group/Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group study
    • Shaw E, Arusell R, Scheithauer B, O'Fallon J, O'Neill B, Dinapoli R, Nelson D, Earle J, Jones C, Cascino T, Nichols D, Ivnik R, Hellman R, Curran W and Abrams R: Prospective randomized trial of low-versus high-dose radiation therapy in adults with supratentorial low-grade glioma: initial report of a North Central Cancer Treatment Group/ Radiation Therapy Oncology Group/Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group study. J Clin Oncol 20: 2267-2276, 2002.
    • (2002) J Clin Oncol , vol.20 , pp. 2267-2276
    • Shaw, E.1    Arusell, R.2    Scheithauer, B.3    O'Fallon, J.4    O'Neill, B.5    Dinapoli, R.6    Nelson, D.7    Earle, J.8    Jones, C.9    Cascino, T.10    Nichols, D.11    Ivnik, R.12    Hellman, R.13    Curran, W.14    Abrams, R.15
  • 4
    • 64849102990 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cavenee WK, Furnari FB, Nagane M, Huang H-JS, Newcomb EW, Bigner DD, Weller M, Berens ME, Plate KH, Israel MA, Noble MD and Kleihues P: Diffusely infiltrating astrocytomas. In: Pathology and Genetics of Tumors of the Nervous System. WHO Classification of Tumors. Kleihues P and Cavenee WK (eds.). IARC, Lyon, pp10-21, 2000.
    • Cavenee WK, Furnari FB, Nagane M, Huang H-JS, Newcomb EW, Bigner DD, Weller M, Berens ME, Plate KH, Israel MA, Noble MD and Kleihues P: Diffusely infiltrating astrocytomas. In: Pathology and Genetics of Tumors of the Nervous System. WHO Classification of Tumors. Kleihues P and Cavenee WK (eds.). IARC, Lyon, pp10-21, 2000.
  • 6
    • 32944479646 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Therapeutic advances in the treatment of glioblastoma: Rationale and potential role of targeted agents
    • Reardon DA and Wen PY: Therapeutic advances in the treatment of glioblastoma: rationale and potential role of targeted agents. Oncologist 11: 152-164, 2006.
    • (2006) Oncologist , vol.11 , pp. 152-164
    • Reardon, D.A.1    Wen, P.Y.2
  • 9
    • 64849095196 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kleihues P, Davis RL, Ohgaki H, Burger PC, Westphal M and Cavenee WK: Diffuse astrocytoma. In: Pathology and Genetics of Tumors of the Nervous System. World Health Organization Classification of Tumors. Kleihues P and Cavenee WK (eds.). IARC, Lyon, pp22-26, 2000.
    • Kleihues P, Davis RL, Ohgaki H, Burger PC, Westphal M and Cavenee WK: Diffuse astrocytoma. In: Pathology and Genetics of Tumors of the Nervous System. World Health Organization Classification of Tumors. Kleihues P and Cavenee WK (eds.). IARC, Lyon, pp22-26, 2000.
  • 10
    • 0034649787 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Deregulation of the p14ARF/Mdm2/p53 pathway is a prerequisite for human astrocytic gliomas with G1-S transition control gene abnormalities
    • Ichimura K, Bolin MB, Goike HM, Schmidt EE, Moshref A and Collins VP: Deregulation of the p14ARF/Mdm2/p53 pathway is a prerequisite for human astrocytic gliomas with G1-S transition control gene abnormalities. Cancer Res 60: 417-424, 2000.
    • (2000) Cancer Res , vol.60 , pp. 417-424
    • Ichimura, K.1    Bolin, M.B.2    Goike, H.M.3    Schmidt, E.E.4    Moshref, A.5    Collins, V.P.6
  • 11
    • 0026772431 scopus 로고
    • Platelet-derived growth factor and its receptors in human glioma tissue: Expression of messenger RNA and protein suggests the presence of autocrine and paracrine loops
    • Hermanson M, Funa K, Hartman M, Claesson-Welsh L, Heldin CH, Westermark B and Nister M: Platelet-derived growth factor and its receptors in human glioma tissue: expression of messenger RNA and protein suggests the presence of autocrine and paracrine loops. Cancer Res 52: 3213-3219, 1992.
    • (1992) Cancer Res , vol.52 , pp. 3213-3219
    • Hermanson, M.1    Funa, K.2    Hartman, M.3    Claesson-Welsh, L.4    Heldin, C.H.5    Westermark, B.6    Nister, M.7
  • 12
    • 0028911678 scopus 로고
    • Expression of PDGF and PDGF receptors in human astrocytoma operation specimens supports the existence of an autocrine loop
    • Guha A, Dashner K, Black PM, Wagner JA and Stiles CD: Expression of PDGF and PDGF receptors in human astrocytoma operation specimens supports the existence of an autocrine loop. Int J Cancer 60: 168-173, 1995.
    • (1995) Int J Cancer , vol.60 , pp. 168-173
    • Guha, A.1    Dashner, K.2    Black, P.M.3    Wagner, J.A.4    Stiles, C.D.5
  • 13
    • 0031465906 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Proliferation of human malignant astrocytomas is dependent on Ras activation
    • Guha A, Feldkamp MM, Lau N, Boss G and Pawson A: Proliferation of human malignant astrocytomas is dependent on Ras activation. Oncogene 15: 2755-2765, 1997.
    • (1997) Oncogene , vol.15 , pp. 2755-2765
    • Guha, A.1    Feldkamp, M.M.2    Lau, N.3    Boss, G.4    Pawson, A.5
  • 14
    • 0034020459 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Combined activation of Ras and Akt in neural progenitors induces glioblastoma formation in mice
    • Holland EC, Celestino J, Dai C, Schaefer L, Sawaya RE and Fuller GN: Combined activation of Ras and Akt in neural progenitors induces glioblastoma formation in mice. Nat Genet 25: 55-57, 2000.
    • (2000) Nat Genet , vol.25 , pp. 55-57
    • Holland, E.C.1    Celestino, J.2    Dai, C.3    Schaefer, L.4    Sawaya, R.E.5    Fuller, G.N.6
  • 15
    • 0035328722 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Astrocyte specific expression of activated p21-ras results in malignant astrocytoma formation in a transgenic mouse model of human gliomas
    • Ding H, Roncari L, Shannon P, Wu X, Lau N, Karaskova J, Gutmann DH, Squire JA, Nagy A and Guha A: Astrocyte specific expression of activated p21-ras results in malignant astrocytoma formation in a transgenic mouse model of human gliomas. Cancer Res 61: 3826-3836, 2001.
    • (2001) Cancer Res , vol.61 , pp. 3826-3836
    • Ding, H.1    Roncari, L.2    Shannon, P.3    Wu, X.4    Lau, N.5    Karaskova, J.6    Gutmann, D.H.7    Squire, J.A.8    Nagy, A.9    Guha, A.10
  • 16
    • 0033604576 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Isotype-specific functions of Raf kinases
    • Hagemann C and Rapp UR: Isotype-specific functions of Raf kinases. Exp Cell Res 253: 34-46, 1999.
    • (1999) Exp Cell Res , vol.253 , pp. 34-46
    • Hagemann, C.1    Rapp, U.R.2
  • 17
    • 0034762203 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Raf/MEK/ERK pathway: New concepts of activation
    • Peyssonnaux C and Eychene A: The Raf/MEK/ERK pathway: new concepts of activation. Biol Cell 93: 53-62, 2001.
    • (2001) Biol Cell , vol.93 , pp. 53-62
    • Peyssonnaux, C.1    Eychene, A.2
  • 18
    • 27244457769 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Raf: A strategic target for therapeutic development against cancer
    • Beeram M, Patnaik A and Rowinsky EK: Raf: a strategic target for therapeutic development against cancer. J Clin Oncol 23: 6771-6790, 2005.
    • (2005) J Clin Oncol , vol.23 , pp. 6771-6790
    • Beeram, M.1    Patnaik, A.2    Rowinsky, E.K.3
  • 19
    • 27544453376 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mutations of C-RAF are rare in human cancer because C-RAF has a low basal kinase activity with B-RAF
    • Emuss V, Garnett M, Mason C and Marais R: Mutations of C-RAF are rare in human cancer because C-RAF has a low basal kinase activity with B-RAF. Cancer Res 65: 9719-9726, 2005.
    • (2005) Cancer Res , vol.65 , pp. 9719-9726
    • Emuss, V.1    Garnett, M.2    Mason, C.3    Marais, R.4
  • 21
    • 33846201272 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New insight into BRAF mutations in cancer
    • Dhomen N and Marais R: New insight into BRAF mutations in cancer. Curr Opin Genet Dev 17: 31-39, 2007.
    • (2007) Curr Opin Genet Dev , vol.17 , pp. 31-39
    • Dhomen, N.1    Marais, R.2
  • 23
    • 18444374405 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Davies H, Bignell G, Cox C, Stephens P, Edkins S, Clegg S, Teague J, Woffendin H, Garnett MJ, Bottomley W, Davis N, Dicks E, Ewing R, Floyd Y, Gray K, Hall S, Hawes R, Hughes J, Kosmidou V, Menzies A, Mould C, Parker A, Stevens C, Watt S, Hooper S, Wilson R, Jayatilake H, Gusterson BA, Cooper C, Shipley J, Hargrave D, Pritchard-Jones K, Maitland N, Chenevix-Trench G, Riggins GJ, Bigner DD, Palmieri G, Cossu A, Flanagan A, Nicholson A, Ho JWC, Leung SY, Yuen ST, Weber BL, Seigler HF, Darrow TL, Paterson H, Marais R, Marshall CJ, Wooster R, Stratton MR and Futreal PA: Mutations of the BRAF gene in human cancer. Nature 417: 949-954, 2002.
    • Davies H, Bignell G, Cox C, Stephens P, Edkins S, Clegg S, Teague J, Woffendin H, Garnett MJ, Bottomley W, Davis N, Dicks E, Ewing R, Floyd Y, Gray K, Hall S, Hawes R, Hughes J, Kosmidou V, Menzies A, Mould C, Parker A, Stevens C, Watt S, Hooper S, Wilson R, Jayatilake H, Gusterson BA, Cooper C, Shipley J, Hargrave D, Pritchard-Jones K, Maitland N, Chenevix-Trench G, Riggins GJ, Bigner DD, Palmieri G, Cossu A, Flanagan A, Nicholson A, Ho JWC, Leung SY, Yuen ST, Weber BL, Seigler HF, Darrow TL, Paterson H, Marais R, Marshall CJ, Wooster R, Stratton MR and Futreal PA: Mutations of the BRAF gene in human cancer. Nature 417: 949-954, 2002.
  • 24
    • 0038697566 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Raf proteins and cancer: B-Raf is identified as a mutational target
    • Mercer KE and Pritchard CA: Raf proteins and cancer: B-Raf is identified as a mutational target. Biochim Biophys Acta 1653: 25-40, 2003.
    • (2003) Biochim Biophys Acta , vol.1653 , pp. 25-40
    • Mercer, K.E.1    Pritchard, C.A.2
  • 25
    • 0027457349 scopus 로고
    • Oncogene activation: C-raf-1 gene mutations in experimental and naturally occurring tumors
    • Storm SM and Rapp UR: Oncogene activation: c-raf-1 gene mutations in experimental and naturally occurring tumors. Toxicol Lett 67: 201-210, 1993.
    • (1993) Toxicol Lett , vol.67 , pp. 201-210
    • Storm, S.M.1    Rapp, U.R.2
  • 27
    • 33645472347 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Combined inhibition of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt and Ras/mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways results in synergistic effects in glioblastoma cells
    • Edwards LA, Verreault M, Thiessen B, Dragowska WH, Hu Y, Yeung JHF, Dedhar S and Bally MB: Combined inhibition of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt and Ras/mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways results in synergistic effects in glioblastoma cells. Mol Cancer Ther 5: 645-654, 2006.
    • (2006) Mol Cancer Ther , vol.5 , pp. 645-654
    • Edwards, L.A.1    Verreault, M.2    Thiessen, B.3    Dragowska, W.H.4    Hu, Y.5    Yeung, J.H.F.6    Dedhar, S.7    Bally, M.B.8
  • 29
    • 8844252330 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mutation analysis of the Ras pathway genes NRAS, HRAS, KRAS and BRAF in glioblastomas
    • Knobbe CB, Reifenberger J and Reifenberger G: Mutation analysis of the Ras pathway genes NRAS, HRAS, KRAS and BRAF in glioblastomas. Acta Neuropathol 108: 467-470, 2004.
    • (2004) Acta Neuropathol , vol.108 , pp. 467-470
    • Knobbe, C.B.1    Reifenberger, J.2    Reifenberger, G.3
  • 31
    • 33751541721 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of Raf-1 siRNA on human cerebral microvascular endothelial cells: A potential therapeutic strategy for inhibition of tumor angiogenesis
    • Culmsee C, Gasser E, Hansen S, Tonn J-C, Wagner E and Goldbrunner R: Effects of Raf-1 siRNA on human cerebral microvascular endothelial cells: a potential therapeutic strategy for inhibition of tumor angiogenesis. Brain Res 1125: 147-154, 2006.
    • (2006) Brain Res , vol.1125 , pp. 147-154
    • Culmsee, C.1    Gasser, E.2    Hansen, S.3    Tonn, J.-C.4    Wagner, E.5    Goldbrunner, R.6
  • 32
    • 34547100321 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • RAS/RAF pathway activation in gliomas: The result of copy number gains rather than activating mutations
    • Jeuken J, van den Broecke C, Gijsen S, Boots-Sprenger S and Wesseling P: RAS/RAF pathway activation in gliomas: the result of copy number gains rather than activating mutations. Acta Neuropathol 114: 121-133, 2007.
    • (2007) Acta Neuropathol , vol.114 , pp. 121-133
    • Jeuken, J.1    van den Broecke, C.2    Gijsen, S.3    Boots-Sprenger, S.4    Wesseling, P.5
  • 35
    • 0023737022 scopus 로고
    • Characteristics of human and rat glioma cells grown in a defined medium
    • Akslen LA, Andersen KJ and Bjerkvig R: Characteristics of human and rat glioma cells grown in a defined medium. Anticancer Res 8: 797-803, 1988.
    • (1988) Anticancer Res , vol.8 , pp. 797-803
    • Akslen, L.A.1    Andersen, K.J.2    Bjerkvig, R.3
  • 38
    • 64849113544 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MAFFT Version 6. Multiple alignment program for amino acid or nucleotide sequences online/server
    • MAFFT Version 6. Multiple alignment program for amino acid or nucleotide sequences [http://align.bmr.kyushu-u.ac.jp/mafft/online/server/]
  • 40
    • 48749130712 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expression analysis of the autosomal recessive primary microcephaly genes MCPH1 (Microcephalin) and MCPH5 (ASPM, abnormal spindle-like, microcephaly associated) in human malignant gliomas
    • Hagemann C, Stojic J, Gerngras S, Kühnel S, Said HM, Patel R, Kämmerer U, Vordermark D, Roosen K and Vince GH: Expression analysis of the autosomal recessive primary microcephaly genes MCPH1 (Microcephalin) and MCPH5 (ASPM, abnormal spindle-like, microcephaly associated) in human malignant gliomas. Oncol Rep 20: 301-308, 2008.
    • (2008) Oncol Rep , vol.20 , pp. 301-308
    • Hagemann, C.1    Stojic, J.2    Gerngras, S.3    Kühnel, S.4    Said, H.M.5    Patel, R.6    Kämmerer, U.7    Vordermark, D.8    Roosen, K.9    Vince, G.H.10
  • 42
    • 0031418089 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transfection and dye premarking of human and rat glioma cell lines affects adhesion, migration and proliferation
    • Goldbrunner RH, Bouterfa H, Vince GH, Bernstein JJ, Roosen K and Tonn J-C: Transfection and dye premarking of human and rat glioma cell lines affects adhesion, migration and proliferation. Anticancer Res 17: 4467-4471, 1997.
    • (1997) Anticancer Res , vol.17 , pp. 4467-4471
    • Goldbrunner, R.H.1    Bouterfa, H.2    Vince, G.H.3    Bernstein, J.J.4    Roosen, K.5    Tonn, J.-C.6
  • 44
    • 0026653195 scopus 로고
    • Quail neuroretina c-Rmil (B-raf) proto-oncogene cDNAs encode two proteins of 93.5 and 95 kDa resulting from alternative splicing
    • Eychène A, Barnier JV, Dezélée P, Marx M, Laugier D, Calogeraki I and Clothy G: Quail neuroretina c-Rmil (B-raf) proto-oncogene cDNAs encode two proteins of 93.5 and 95 kDa resulting from alternative splicing. Oncogene 7: 1315-1323, 1992.
    • (1992) Oncogene , vol.7 , pp. 1315-1323
    • Eychène, A.1    Barnier, J.V.2    Dezélée, P.3    Marx, M.4    Laugier, D.5    Calogeraki, I.6    Clothy, G.7
  • 45
    • 0028809479 scopus 로고
    • The mouse B-raf gene encodes multiple protein isoforms with tissue-specific expression
    • Barnier JV, Papin C, Eychène A, Lecoq O and Calothy G: The mouse B-raf gene encodes multiple protein isoforms with tissue-specific expression. J Biol Chem 270: 23381-23389, 1995.
    • (1995) J Biol Chem , vol.270 , pp. 23381-23389
    • Barnier, J.V.1    Papin, C.2    Eychène, A.3    Lecoq, O.4    Calothy, G.5
  • 47
    • 0026521394 scopus 로고
    • Amplified and rearranged epidermal growth factor receptor genes in human glioblastomas reveal deletions of sequences encoding portions of the N- and/or C-terminal tails
    • Ekstrand AJ, Sugawa N, James CD and Collins VP: Amplified and rearranged epidermal growth factor receptor genes in human glioblastomas reveal deletions of sequences encoding portions of the N- and/or C-terminal tails. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 89: 4309-4313, 1992.
    • (1992) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.89 , pp. 4309-4313
    • Ekstrand, A.J.1    Sugawa, N.2    James, C.D.3    Collins, V.P.4
  • 48
    • 0028237507 scopus 로고
    • Functional characterization of an EGF receptor with a truncated extracellular domain expressed in glioblastomas with EGFR gene amplification
    • Ekstrand AJ, Longo N, Hamid ML, Olson JJ, Liu L, Collins VP and James CD: Functional characterization of an EGF receptor with a truncated extracellular domain expressed in glioblastomas with EGFR gene amplification. Oncogene 9: 2313-2320, 1994.
    • (1994) Oncogene , vol.9 , pp. 2313-2320
    • Ekstrand, A.J.1    Longo, N.2    Hamid, M.L.3    Olson, J.J.4    Liu, L.5    Collins, V.P.6    James, C.D.7
  • 50
    • 0029022018 scopus 로고
    • Mutations of ras gene in human tumours (review)
    • Kiaris H and Spandidos DA: Mutations of ras gene in human tumours (review). Int J Oncol 7: 413-421, 1995.
    • (1995) Int J Oncol , vol.7 , pp. 413-421
    • Kiaris, H.1    Spandidos, D.A.2
  • 51
    • 0033013388 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sporadic p53 mutations and absence of Ras mutations in glioblastomas
    • Gömöri E, Dóczi T, Pajor L and Matolcsy A: Sporadic p53 mutations and absence of Ras mutations in glioblastomas. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 141: 593-599, 1999.
    • (1999) Acta Neurochir (Wien) , vol.141 , pp. 593-599
    • Gömöri, E.1    Dóczi, T.2    Pajor, L.3    Matolcsy, A.4
  • 53
    • 29144462587 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wild-type and mutant B-Raf activate c-Raf through distinct machanisms involving heterodimerization
    • Garnett MJ, Rana S, Paterson H, Barford D and Marais R: Wild-type and mutant B-Raf activate c-Raf through distinct machanisms involving heterodimerization. Mol Cell 20: 963-969, 2005.
    • (2005) Mol Cell , vol.20 , pp. 963-969
    • Garnett, M.J.1    Rana, S.2    Paterson, H.3    Barford, D.4    Marais, R.5
  • 54
    • 30344463327 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • BuCy RAFs drive cells into MEK addiction
    • Rapp UR, Götz R and Albert S: BuCy RAFs drive cells into MEK addiction. Cancer Cell 9: 9-12, 2006.
    • (2006) Cancer Cell , vol.9 , pp. 9-12
    • Rapp, U.R.1    Götz, R.2    Albert, S.3
  • 57
    • 0037202154 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic alterations associated with adult diffuse astrocytic tumors
    • Shapiro JR: Genetic alterations associated with adult diffuse astrocytic tumors. Am J Med Genet 115: 194-201, 2002.
    • (2002) Am J Med Genet , vol.115 , pp. 194-201
    • Shapiro, J.R.1
  • 58
    • 0029397626 scopus 로고
    • Molecular pathways in the formation of gliomas
    • Von Deimling A, Louis DN and Wiestler OD: Molecular pathways in the formation of gliomas. Glia 15: 328-338, 1995.
    • (1995) Glia , vol.15 , pp. 328-338
    • Von Deimling, A.1    Louis, D.N.2    Wiestler, O.D.3
  • 60
    • 25444468866 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • BRAF kinase activation via chromosomal rearrangement in radiation-induced and sporadic thyroid cancer
    • Ciampi R, Knauf JA, Rabes HM, Fagin JA and Nikiforov YE: BRAF kinase activation via chromosomal rearrangement in radiation-induced and sporadic thyroid cancer. Cell Cycle 4: 547-548, 2005.
    • (2005) Cell Cycle , vol.4 , pp. 547-548
    • Ciampi, R.1    Knauf, J.A.2    Rabes, H.M.3    Fagin, J.A.4    Nikiforov, Y.E.5
  • 61
    • 0009373146 scopus 로고
    • Transformation by Raf and myc oncogenes
    • Aaronson SA, et al eds, Japan Scl Soc Press, Tokyo/VNU Sci Press, Utrecht, pp
    • Rapp UR, Cleveland JL, Storm SM, Beck TW and Huleihel M: Transformation by Raf and myc oncogenes. In: Oncogenes and Cancer. Aaronson SA, et al (eds.) Japan Scl Soc Press, Tokyo/VNU Sci Press, Utrecht, pp53-74, 1987.
    • (1987) Oncogenes and Cancer , pp. 53-74
    • Rapp, U.R.1    Cleveland, J.L.2    Storm, S.M.3    Beck, T.W.4    Huleihel, M.5
  • 62
    • 34250221735 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expression patterns of the hypoxia-related genes osteopontin, CA9, erythropoietin, VEGF and HIF-1 (in human glioma in vitro and in vivo
    • Said HM, Hagemann C, Staab A, Stojic J, Kühnel S, Vince GH, Flentje M, Roosen K and Vordermark D: Expression patterns of the hypoxia-related genes osteopontin, CA9, erythropoietin, VEGF and HIF-1 (in human glioma in vitro and in vivo. Radiother Oncol 83: 398-405, 2007.
    • (2007) Radiother Oncol , vol.83 , pp. 398-405
    • Said, H.M.1    Hagemann, C.2    Staab, A.3    Stojic, J.4    Kühnel, S.5    Vince, G.H.6    Flentje, M.7    Roosen, K.8    Vordermark, D.9
  • 64
    • 34249880794 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DA-Raf1, a competent intrinsic dominant-negative antagonist of the Ras-ERK pathway, is required for myogenic differentiation
    • Yokoyama T, Takano K, Yoshida A, Katada F, Sun P, Takenawa T, Andoh T and Endo T: DA-Raf1, a competent intrinsic dominant-negative antagonist of the Ras-ERK pathway, is required for myogenic differentiation. J Cell Biol 177: 781-793, 2007.
    • (2007) J Cell Biol , vol.177 , pp. 781-793
    • Yokoyama, T.1    Takano, K.2    Yoshida, A.3    Katada, F.4    Sun, P.5    Takenawa, T.6    Andoh, T.7    Endo, T.8
  • 67
    • 2942607408 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Constitutive activation of the Ras-Raf signaling pathway in metastatic melanoma is associated with poor prognosis
    • Houben R, Becker JC, Kappel A, Terheyden P, Bröcker E-B, Goetz R and Rapp UR: Constitutive activation of the Ras-Raf signaling pathway in metastatic melanoma is associated with poor prognosis. J Carcinog 3: 6, 2004.
    • (2004) J Carcinog , vol.3 , pp. 6
    • Houben, R.1    Becker, J.C.2    Kappel, A.3    Terheyden, P.4    Bröcker, E.-B.5    Goetz, R.6    Rapp, U.R.7
  • 69
    • 0030835430 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Raf-induced proliferation or cell cycle arrest is determined by the level of Raf activity with arrest mediated by p21Cip1
    • Woods D, Parry D, Cherwinski H, Bosch E, Lees E and McMahon M: Raf-induced proliferation or cell cycle arrest is determined by the level of Raf activity with arrest mediated by p21Cip1. Mol Cell Biol 17: 5598-5611, 1997.
    • (1997) Mol Cell Biol , vol.17 , pp. 5598-5611
    • Woods, D.1    Parry, D.2    Cherwinski, H.3    Bosch, E.4    Lees, E.5    McMahon, M.6
  • 70
    • 0032522816 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High-intensity Raf signals convert mitotic cell cycling into cellular growth
    • Kerkhoff E and Rapp UR: High-intensity Raf signals convert mitotic cell cycling into cellular growth. Cancer Res 58: 1636-1640, 1998.
    • (1998) Cancer Res , vol.58 , pp. 1636-1640
    • Kerkhoff, E.1    Rapp, U.R.2
  • 71
    • 5444227865 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Guilty as charged: B-Raf is a human oncogene
    • Garnett MJ and Marais R: Guilty as charged: B-Raf is a human oncogene. Cancer Cell 6: 313-319, 2004.
    • (2004) Cancer Cell , vol.6 , pp. 313-319
    • Garnett, M.J.1    Marais, R.2
  • 73
    • 38849168162 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oncogenic BRAF induces senescence and apoptosis through pathways mediated by the secreted protein IGFBP7
    • Wajapeyee N, Serra RW, Zhu X, Mahalingam M and Green MR: Oncogenic BRAF induces senescence and apoptosis through pathways mediated by the secreted protein IGFBP7. Cell 132: 363-374, 2008.
    • (2008) Cell , vol.132 , pp. 363-374
    • Wajapeyee, N.1    Serra, R.W.2    Zhu, X.3    Mahalingam, M.4    Green, M.R.5
  • 74
    • 0027221138 scopus 로고
    • A signal transduction pathway for activation of the mdr1 promoter involves the proto-oncogene c-raf kinase
    • Cornwell MM and Smith DE: A signal transduction pathway for activation of the mdr1 promoter involves the proto-oncogene c-raf kinase. J Biol Chem 268: 15347-15350, 1993.
    • (1993) J Biol Chem , vol.268 , pp. 15347-15350
    • Cornwell, M.M.1    Smith, D.E.2
  • 76
    • 12444279265 scopus 로고
    • On the origin of cancer cells
    • Warburg O: On the origin of cancer cells. Science 123: 309-314, 1956.
    • (1956) Science , vol.123 , pp. 309-314
    • Warburg, O.1
  • 78
    • 37549020279 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of pyruvate kinase type M2 by A-Raf: A possible glycolytic stop or go mechanism
    • Mazurek S, Drexler HC, Troppmair J, Eigenbrodt E and Rapp UR: Regulation of pyruvate kinase type M2 by A-Raf: a possible glycolytic stop or go mechanism. Anticancer Res 27: 3963-3971, 2007.
    • (2007) Anticancer Res , vol.27 , pp. 3963-3971
    • Mazurek, S.1    Drexler, H.C.2    Troppmair, J.3    Eigenbrodt, E.4    Rapp, U.R.5


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.