메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 58, Issue 2, 2009, Pages 220-227

Impairment of the intestinal barrier is evident in untreated but absent in suppressively treated HIV-infected patients

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CASPASE 3; CLAUDIN 1; CYTOKINE; INTERLEUKIN 13; INTERLEUKIN 4; MANNITOL; PROTEINASE INHIBITOR; RITONAVIR; RNA DIRECTED DNA POLYMERASE INHIBITOR; TRITIUM; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA;

EID: 58949102533     PISSN: 00175749     EISSN: 14683288     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1136/gut.2008.150425     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (141)

References (63)
  • 1
    • 0028811367 scopus 로고
    • Loss of CD4 T lymphocytes in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 is more pronounced in the duodenal mucosa than in the peripheral blood. Berlin Diarrhea/Wasting Syndrome Study Group
    • Schneider T, Jahn HU, Schmidt W, et al. Loss of CD4 T lymphocytes in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 is more pronounced in the duodenal mucosa than in the peripheral blood. Berlin Diarrhea/Wasting Syndrome Study Group. Gut 1995;37:524-9.
    • (1995) Gut , vol.37 , pp. 524-529
    • Schneider, T.1    Jahn, H.U.2    Schmidt, W.3
  • 2
    • 6844258844 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HIV-1 p24 but not proviral load is increased in the intestinal mucosa compared with the peripheral blood in HIV-infected patients
    • Fackler OT, Schafer M, Schmidt W, et al. HIV-1 p24 but not proviral load is increased in the intestinal mucosa compared with the peripheral blood in HIV-infected patients. Aids 1998;12:139-46.
    • (1998) Aids , vol.12 , pp. 139-146
    • Fackler, O.T.1    Schafer, M.2    Schmidt, W.3
  • 3
    • 4644342929 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • C04+ T cell depletion during all stages of HIV disease occurs predominantly in the gastrointestinal tract
    • Brenchley JM, Schacker TW, Ruff LE, et al. C04+ T cell depletion during all stages of HIV disease occurs predominantly in the gastrointestinal tract. J Exp Med 2004;200:749-59.
    • (2004) J Exp Med , vol.200 , pp. 749-759
    • Brenchley, J.M.1    Schacker, T.W.2    Ruff, L.E.3
  • 4
    • 17844374605 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Massive infection and loss of memory CD4+ T cells in multiple tissues during acute SIV infection
    • Mattapallil JJ, Douek DC, Hill B, et al. Massive infection and loss of memory CD4+ T cells in multiple tissues during acute SIV infection. Nature 2005;434:1093-7.
    • (2005) Nature , vol.434 , pp. 1093-1097
    • Mattapallil, J.J.1    Douek, D.C.2    Hill, B.3
  • 5
    • 0142092389 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Severe CD4+ T-cell depletion in gut lymphoid tissue during primary human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection and substantial delay in restoration following highly active antiretroviral therapy
    • Guadalupe M, Reay E, Sankaran S, et al. Severe CD4+ T-cell depletion in gut lymphoid tissue during primary human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection and substantial delay in restoration following highly active antiretroviral therapy. J Virol 2003;77:11708-17.
    • (2003) J Virol , vol.77 , pp. 11708-11717
    • Guadalupe, M.1    Reay, E.2    Sankaran, S.3
  • 6
    • 33845532053 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microbial translocation is a cause of systemic immune activation in chronic HIV infection
    • Brenchley JM, Price DA, Schacker TW, et al. Microbial translocation is a cause of systemic immune activation in chronic HIV infection. Nat Med 2006:12:1365-71.
    • (2006) Nat Med , vol.12 , pp. 1365-1371
    • Brenchley, J.M.1    Price, D.A.2    Schacker, T.W.3
  • 7
    • 33645924682 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HIV disease: Fallout from a mucosal catastrophe?
    • Brenchley JM, Price DA, Douek DC. HIV disease: fallout from a mucosal catastrophe? Nat Immunol 2006;7:235-9.
    • (2006) Nat Immunol , vol.7 , pp. 235-239
    • Brenchley, J.M.1    Price, D.A.2    Douek, D.C.3
  • 8
    • 20544475417 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Viral and host factors in the pathogenesis of HIV infection
    • Derdeyn CA, Silvestri G. Viral and host factors in the pathogenesis of HIV infection. Curr Opin Immunol 2005;17:366-73.
    • (2005) Curr Opin Immunol , vol.17 , pp. 366-373
    • Derdeyn, C.A.1    Silvestri, G.2
  • 9
    • 0032955651 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Shorter survival in advanced human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection is more closely associated with T lymphocyte activation than with plasma virus burden or virus chemokine coreceptor usage
    • Giorgi JV, Hultin LE, McKeating JA, et al. Shorter survival in advanced human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection is more closely associated with T lymphocyte activation than with plasma virus burden or virus chemokine coreceptor usage. J Infect Dis 1999;179:859-70.
    • (1999) J Infect Dis , vol.179 , pp. 859-870
    • Giorgi, J.V.1    Hultin, L.E.2    McKeating, J.A.3
  • 10
    • 0041327667 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hazenberg MD, Otto SA, van Benthem BH, et al. Persistent immune activation in HIV-1 infection is associated with progression to AIDS. Ads 2003;17:1881-8.
    • Hazenberg MD, Otto SA, van Benthem BH, et al. Persistent immune activation in HIV-1 infection is associated with progression to AIDS. Ads 2003;17:1881-8.
  • 11
    • 0027225487 scopus 로고
    • Intestinal permeability and function in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus. A comparison with coeliac disease
    • . Lim SG, Menzies IS, Lee CA, et al. Intestinal permeability and function in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus. A comparison with coeliac disease. Scand J Gastroenterol 1993;28:573-80.
    • (1993) Scand J Gastroenterol , vol.28 , pp. 573-580
    • Lim, S.G.1    Menzies, I.S.2    Lee, C.A.3
  • 12
    • 0028879979 scopus 로고
    • Intestinal absorptive capacity, intestinal permeability and jejunal histology in HIV and their relation to diarrhoea
    • Keating J, Bjarnason I. Somasundaram S, et al. Intestinal absorptive capacity, intestinal permeability and jejunal histology in HIV and their relation to diarrhoea. Gut 1995,37:623-9.
    • (1995) Gut , vol.37 , pp. 623-629
    • Keating, J.1    Bjarnason, I.2    Somasundaram, S.3
  • 13
    • 10144254414 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intestinal inflammation, ileal structure and function in HIV
    • Bjarnason I, Sharpstone DR, Francis N, et al. Intestinal inflammation, ileal structure and function in HIV. Aids 1996;10:1385-91.
    • (1996) Aids , vol.10 , pp. 1385-1391
    • Bjarnason, I.1    Sharpstone, D.R.2    Francis, N.3
  • 14
    • 0031982769 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Duodenal biopsies of HIV-infected patients with diarrhoea exhibit epithelial barrier defects but no active secretion
    • Stockmann M, Fromm M, Schmitz H, et al. Duodenal biopsies of HIV-infected patients with diarrhoea exhibit epithelial barrier defects but no active secretion. Aids 1998;12:43-51.
    • (1998) Aids , vol.12 , pp. 43-51
    • Stockmann, M.1    Fromm, M.2    Schmitz, H.3
  • 15
    • 0034519320 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of epithelial barrier impairment in HIV infection
    • Stockmann M, Schmitz H, Fromm M, et al. Mechanisms of epithelial barrier impairment in HIV infection. Ann NY Acad Sci 2000;915:293-303.
    • (2000) Ann NY Acad Sci , vol.915 , pp. 293-303
    • Stockmann, M.1    Schmitz, H.2    Fromm, M.3
  • 16
    • 0026101507 scopus 로고
    • AIDS enteropathy: Occult enteric infections and duodenal mucosal alterations in chronic diarrhea
    • Greenson JK, Belitsos PC, Yardley JH, et al. AIDS enteropathy: occult enteric infections and duodenal mucosal alterations in chronic diarrhea. Ann Intern Med 1991;114:366-72.
    • (1991) Ann Intern Med , vol.114 , pp. 366-372
    • Greenson, J.K.1    Belitsos, P.C.2    Yardley, J.H.3
  • 17
    • 0024336112 scopus 로고
    • Small intestinal structure and function in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV): Evidence for HIV-induced enteropathy
    • Ullrich R, Zeitz M, Heise W, et al. Small intestinal structure and function in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV): evidence for HIV-induced enteropathy. Ann Intern Med 1989;111:15-21.
    • (1989) Ann Intern Med , vol.111 , pp. 15-21
    • Ullrich, R.1    Zeitz, M.2    Heise, W.3
  • 19
    • 0021157562 scopus 로고
    • Enteropathy associated with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
    • Kotler DP, Gaetz HP, Lange M, et al. Enteropathy associated with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Ann Intern Med 1984;101:421-8.
    • (1984) Ann Intern Med , vol.101 , pp. 421-428
    • Kotler, D.P.1    Gaetz, H.P.2    Lange, M.3
  • 20
    • 0026538163 scopus 로고
    • Effects of zidovudine treatment on the small intestinal mucosa in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus
    • Ullrich R, Heise W, Bergs C, et al. Effects of zidovudine treatment on the small intestinal mucosa in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. Gastroenterology 1992:102:1483-92.
    • (1992) Gastroenterology , vol.102 , pp. 1483-1492
    • Ullrich, R.1    Heise, W.2    Bergs, C.3
  • 21
    • 7344227275 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HIV enteropathy: Comparative morphometry of the jejunal mucosa of HIV infected patients resident in the United Kingdom and Uganda
    • Batman PA, Kapembwa MS, Miller AR, et al. HIV enteropathy: comparative morphometry of the jejunal mucosa of HIV infected patients resident in the United Kingdom and Uganda. Gut 1998;43:350-5.
    • (1998) Gut , vol.43 , pp. 350-355
    • Batman, P.A.1    Kapembwa, M.S.2    Miller, A.R.3
  • 22
    • 0037012994 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Supernatants of HIV-infected immune cells affect the barrier function of human HT-29/B6 intestinal epithelial cells
    • Schmitz H, Rokos K, Florian P, et al. Supernatants of HIV-infected immune cells affect the barrier function of human HT-29/B6 intestinal epithelial cells. Aids 2002;16:983-91.
    • (2002) Aids , vol.16 , pp. 983-991
    • Schmitz, H.1    Rokos, K.2    Florian, P.3
  • 23
    • 0004749463 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low edge damage container insert that adjusts intestinal forceps biopsies into Ussing chamber systems
    • Stockmann M, Gitter AH, Sorgenfrei D, et al. Low edge damage container insert that adjusts intestinal forceps biopsies into Ussing chamber systems. Pflugers Arch 1999;438:107-12.
    • (1999) Pflugers Arch , vol.438 , pp. 107-112
    • Stockmann, M.1    Gitter, A.H.2    Sorgenfrei, D.3
  • 24
    • 0031718257 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impedance analysis for the determination of epithelial and subepithelial resistance in intestinal tissues
    • Gitter AH, Fromm M, Schulzke JD. Impedance analysis for the determination of epithelial and subepithelial resistance in intestinal tissues. J Biochem Biophys Methods 1998;37:35-46.
    • (1998) J Biochem Biophys Methods , vol.37 , pp. 35-46
    • Gitter, A.H.1    Fromm, M.2    Schulzke, J.D.3
  • 25
    • 0036320054 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of diarrhea in collagenous colitis
    • Burgel N, Bojarski C, Mankertz J, et al. Mechanisms of diarrhea in collagenous colitis. Gastroenterology 2002;123:433-43.
    • (2002) Gastroenterology , vol.123 , pp. 433-443
    • Burgel, N.1    Bojarski, C.2    Mankertz, J.3
  • 26
    • 0029926563 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • + secretion in human distal colon driven by prostaglandin E2
    • + secretion in human distal colon driven by prostaglandin E2. Am J Physiol 1996:271 :G669-74.
    • (1996) Am J Physiol , vol.271
    • Schmitz, H.1    Fromm, M.2    Bode, H.3
  • 27
    • 0035129369 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rahner C, Mitic LL, Anderson JM. Heterogeneity in expression and subcellular localization of claudins 2, 3, 4, and 5 in the rat liver, pancreas, and gut. Gastroenterology 2001:120:411-22.
    • Rahner C, Mitic LL, Anderson JM. Heterogeneity in expression and subcellular localization of claudins 2, 3, 4, and 5 in the rat liver, pancreas, and gut. Gastroenterology 2001:120:411-22.
  • 28
    • 15644372144 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased immunoglobulin G production by short term cultured duodenal biopsy samples from HIV infected patients
    • Schneider T, Zippel T, Schmidt W, et al. Increased immunoglobulin G production by short term cultured duodenal biopsy samples from HIV infected patients. Gut 1998;42:357-61.
    • (1998) Gut , vol.42 , pp. 357-361
    • Schneider, T.1    Zippel, T.2    Schmidt, W.3
  • 29
    • 0019403643 scopus 로고
    • The conventional short-circuiting technique under-short-circuits most epithelia
    • Tai YH, Tai CY. The conventional short-circuiting technique under-short-circuits most epithelia. J Membr Biol 1981;59:173-7.
    • (1981) J Membr Biol , vol.59 , pp. 173-177
    • Tai, Y.H.1    Tai, C.Y.2
  • 30
    • 23244455992 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • lnterleukin-13 is the key effector Th2 cytokine in ulcerative colitis that affects epithelial tight junctions, apoptosis, and cell restitution
    • Heller F, Florian P, Bojarski C, et al. lnterleukin-13 is the key effector Th2 cytokine in ulcerative colitis that affects epithelial tight junctions, apoptosis, and cell restitution. Gastroenterology 2005;129:550-64.
    • (2005) Gastroenterology , vol.129 , pp. 550-564
    • Heller, F.1    Florian, P.2    Bojarski, C.3
  • 31
    • 0033378297 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The HIV protease inhibitors saquinavir, ritonavir, and nelfinavir but not indinavir impair the epithelial barrier in the human intestinal cell line HT-29/B6
    • Bode H, Schmidt W, Schulzke JD, et al. The HIV protease inhibitors saquinavir, ritonavir, and nelfinavir but not indinavir impair the epithelial barrier in the human intestinal cell line HT-29/B6. Aids 1999;13:2595-7.
    • (1999) Aids , vol.13 , pp. 2595-2597
    • Bode, H.1    Schmidt, W.2    Schulzke, J.D.3
  • 32
    • 0032952440 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rapid mucosal CD4(+) T-cell depletion and enteropathy in simian immunodeficiency virus-infected rhesus macaques
    • Kewenig S, Schneider T, Hohloch K, et al. Rapid mucosal CD4(+) T-cell depletion and enteropathy in simian immunodeficiency virus-infected rhesus macaques. Gastroenterology 1999;116:1115-23.
    • (1999) Gastroenterology , vol.116 , pp. 1115-1123
    • Kewenig, S.1    Schneider, T.2    Hohloch, K.3
  • 33
    • 0020634676 scopus 로고
    • Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome with severe gastrointestinal manifestations in Haiti
    • Malebranche R, Arnoux E, Guerin JM, et al. Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome with severe gastrointestinal manifestations in Haiti. Lancet 1983;2:873-8.
    • (1983) Lancet , vol.2 , pp. 873-878
    • Malebranche, R.1    Arnoux, E.2    Guerin, J.M.3
  • 34
    • 4344700784 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Downregulation of epithelial apoptosis and barrier repair in active Crohn's disease by tumour necrosis factor alpha antibody treatment
    • Zeissig S, Bojarski C, Buergel N, et al. Downregulation of epithelial apoptosis and barrier repair in active Crohn's disease by tumour necrosis factor alpha antibody treatment. Gut 2004;53:1295-302.
    • (2004) Gut , vol.53 , pp. 1295-1302
    • Zeissig, S.1    Bojarski, C.2    Buergel, N.3
  • 35
    • 0035449868 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Permeability of human HT-29/B6 colonic epithelium as a function of apoptosis
    • Bojarski C, Gitter AH, Bendfeldt K, et al. Permeability of human HT-29/B6 colonic epithelium as a function of apoptosis. J Physiol 2001;535:541-52.
    • (2001) J Physiol , vol.535 , pp. 541-552
    • Bojarski, C.1    Gitter, A.H.2    Bendfeldt, K.3
  • 36
    • 0033818743 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Leaks in the epithelial barrier caused by spontaneous and TNF-alpha-induced single-cell apoptosis
    • Gitter AH, Bendfeldt K, Schulzke JD, et al. Leaks in the epithelial barrier caused by spontaneous and TNF-alpha-induced single-cell apoptosis. FASEB J 2000;14:1749-53.
    • (2000) FASEB J , vol.14 , pp. 1749-1753
    • Gitter, A.H.1    Bendfeldt, K.2    Schulzke, J.D.3
  • 37
    • 0141590653 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Proteinase-activated receptor 1 activation induces epithelial apoptosis and increases intestinal permeability
    • Chin AC, Vergnolle N, MacNaughton WK, et al. Proteinase-activated receptor 1 activation induces epithelial apoptosis and increases intestinal permeability. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2003;100:11104-9.
    • (2003) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.100 , pp. 11104-11109
    • Chin, A.C.1    Vergnolle, N.2    MacNaughton, W.K.3
  • 38
    • 36549065297 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of epithelial gaps in human small and large intestine by confocal endomicroscopy
    • Kiesslich R, Goetz M, Angus EM, et al. Identification of epithelial gaps in human small and large intestine by confocal endomicroscopy. Gastroenterology 2007;133:1769-78.
    • (2007) Gastroenterology , vol.133 , pp. 1769-1778
    • Kiesslich, R.1    Goetz, M.2    Angus, E.M.3
  • 39
    • 24144465134 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epithelial barrier function in vivo is sustained despite gaps in epithelial layers
    • Watson AJ, Chu S, Sieck L, et al. Epithelial barrier function in vivo is sustained despite gaps in epithelial layers. Gastroenterology 2005;129:902-12.
    • (2005) Gastroenterology , vol.129 , pp. 902-912
    • Watson, A.J.1    Chu, S.2    Sieck, L.3
  • 40
    • 16244421402 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Keynote review: Epithelial and endothelial barriers in human disease
    • Mullin JM, Agostino N, Rendon-Huerta E, et al. Keynote review: epithelial and endothelial barriers in human disease. Drug Discov Today 2005;10:395-408.
    • (2005) Drug Discov Today , vol.10 , pp. 395-408
    • Mullin, J.M.1    Agostino, N.2    Rendon-Huerta, E.3
  • 41
    • 0035991935 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular complexity of vertebrate tight junctions
    • D'Atri F, Citi S. Molecular complexity of vertebrate tight junctions. Mol Membr Biol 2002;19:103-12.
    • (2002) Mol Membr Biol , vol.19 , pp. 103-112
    • D'Atri, F.1    Citi, S.2
  • 42
    • 0033376599 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Claudin-1 contributes to the epithelial barrier function in MDCK cells
    • Inai T, Kobayashi J, Shibata Y. Claudin-1 contributes to the epithelial barrier function in MDCK cells. Eur J Cell Biol 1999;78:849-55.
    • (1999) Eur J Cell Biol , vol.78 , pp. 849-855
    • Inai, T.1    Kobayashi, J.2    Shibata, Y.3
  • 43
    • 0037128938 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Claudin-based tight junctions are crucial for the mammalian epidermal barrier: A lesson from claudin-1-deficient mice
    • Furuse M, Hata M, Furuse K, et al. Claudin-based tight junctions are crucial for the mammalian epidermal barrier: a lesson from claudin-1-deficient mice. J Cell Biol 2002;156:1099-111.
    • (2002) J Cell Biol , vol.156 , pp. 1099-1111
    • Furuse, M.1    Hata, M.2    Furuse, K.3
  • 44
    • 0037115724 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Claudin-2 expression induces cation-selective channels in tight junctions of epithelial cells
    • Amasheh S, Meiri N, Gitter AH, et al. Claudin-2 expression induces cation-selective channels in tight junctions of epithelial cells. J Cell Sci 2002;115:4969-76.
    • (2002) J Cell Sci , vol.115 , pp. 4969-4976
    • Amasheh, S.1    Meiri, N.2    Gitter, A.H.3
  • 45
    • 0033571047 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Manner of interaction of heterogeneous claudin species within and between tight junction strands
    • Furuse M, Sasaki H, Tsukita S. Manner of interaction of heterogeneous claudin species within and between tight junction strands. J Cell Biol 1999;147:891-903.
    • (1999) J Cell Biol , vol.147 , pp. 891-903
    • Furuse, M.1    Sasaki, H.2    Tsukita, S.3
  • 46
    • 0032854183 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synergistic effects of interferon gamma and tumour necrosis factor alpha on T84 cell function
    • Fish SM, Proujansky R, Reenstra WW. Synergistic effects of interferon gamma and tumour necrosis factor alpha on T84 cell function. Gut 1999;45:191-8.
    • (1999) Gut , vol.45 , pp. 191-198
    • Fish, S.M.1    Proujansky, R.2    Reenstra, W.W.3
  • 47
    • 0027245531 scopus 로고
    • IFN-gamma modulation of epithelial barrierb function. Time course, reversibility, and site of cytokine binding
    • Adams RB, Planchon SM, Roche JK. IFN-gamma modulation of epithelial barrierb function. Time course, reversibility, and site of cytokine binding. J Immunol 1993;150:2356-63.
    • (1993) J Immunol , vol.150 , pp. 2356-2363
    • Adams, R.B.1    Planchon, S.M.2    Roche, J.K.3
  • 48
    • 0024553788 scopus 로고
    • Interferon-gamma directly affects barrier function of cultured intestinal epithelial monolayers
    • Madara JL, Stafford J. Interferon-gamma directly affects barrier function of cultured intestinal epithelial monolayers. J Clin Invest 1989;83:724-7.
    • (1989) J Clin Invest , vol.83 , pp. 724-727
    • Madara, J.L.1    Stafford, J.2
  • 49
    • 0000418018 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) regulates the epithelial barrier in the human intestinal cell line HT-29/B6
    • Schmitz H, Fromm M, Bentzel CJ, et al. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) regulates the epithelial barrier in the human intestinal cell line HT-29/B6. J Cell Sci 1999;112:137-46.
    • (1999) J Cell Sci , vol.112 , pp. 137-146
    • Schmitz, H.1    Fromm, M.2    Bentzel, C.J.3
  • 50
    • 0345447585 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Proinflammatory cytokines disrupt epithelial barrier function by apoptosis-independent mechanisms
    • Bruewer M, Luegering A, Kucharzik T, et al. Proinflammatory cytokines disrupt epithelial barrier function by apoptosis-independent mechanisms. J Immunol 2003;171:6164-72.
    • (2003) J Immunol , vol.171 , pp. 6164-6172
    • Bruewer, M.1    Luegering, A.2    Kucharzik, T.3
  • 51
    • 0034519916 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of TNF alpha and IFN gamma on epithelial barrier function in rat rectum in vitro
    • Grotjohann I, Schmitz H, Fromm M, et al. Effect of TNF alpha and IFN gamma on epithelial barrier function in rat rectum in vitro. Ann NY Acad Sci 2000;915:282-6.
    • (2000) Ann NY Acad Sci , vol.915 , pp. 282-286
    • Grotjohann, I.1    Schmitz, H.2    Fromm, M.3
  • 52
    • 50949104303 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cytokine expression in the colonic mucosa of HIV-infected individuals before and during nine months of antiretroviral therapy
    • Schulbin H, Bode H, Stocker H, et al. Cytokine expression in the colonic mucosa of HIV-infected individuals before and during nine months of antiretroviral therapy. Antimicmb Agents Chemother 2008.
    • (2008) Antimicmb Agents Chemother
    • Schulbin, H.1    Bode, H.2    Stocker, H.3
  • 53
    • 0028593633 scopus 로고
    • Variation in the expression of human immunodeficiency virus RNA and cytokine mRNA in rectal mucosa during the progression of infection
    • Reka S, Garro ML, Kotler DP. Variation in the expression of human immunodeficiency virus RNA and cytokine mRNA in rectal mucosa during the progression of infection. Lymphokine Cytokine Res 1994;13:391-8.
    • (1994) Lymphokine Cytokine Res , vol.13 , pp. 391-398
    • Reka, S.1    Garro, M.L.2    Kotler, D.P.3
  • 54
    • 0027378703 scopus 로고
    • Detection and localization of HIV RNA and TNF mRNA in rectal biopsies from patients with AIDS
    • Reka S, Kotler DP. Detection and localization of HIV RNA and TNF mRNA in rectal biopsies from patients with AIDS. Cytokine 1993;5:305-8.
    • (1993) Cytokine , vol.5 , pp. 305-308
    • Reka, S.1    Kotler, D.P.2
  • 55
    • 0028072532 scopus 로고
    • Cytokine gene expression in HIV-infected intestinal mucosa
    • McGowan I, Radford-Smith G, Jewell DP. Cytokine gene expression in HIV-infected intestinal mucosa. Aids 1994;8:1569-75.
    • (1994) Aids , vol.8 , pp. 1569-1575
    • McGowan, I.1    Radford-Smith, G.2    Jewell, D.P.3
  • 56
    • 4644251822 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased HIV-1 mucosal replication is associated with generalized mucosal cytokine activation
    • McGowan I, Elliott J, Fuerst M, et al. Increased HIV-1 mucosal replication is associated with generalized mucosal cytokine activation. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2004;37:1228-36.
    • (2004) J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr , vol.37 , pp. 1228-1236
    • McGowan, I.1    Elliott, J.2    Fuerst, M.3
  • 57
    • 0027398244 scopus 로고
    • Differences in cytokine secretion by intestinal mononuclear cells, peripheral blood monocytes and alveolar macrophages from HIV-infected patients
    • Steffen M, Reinecker HC, Petersen J, et al. Differences in cytokine secretion by intestinal mononuclear cells, peripheral blood monocytes and alveolar macrophages from HIV-infected patients. Clin Exp Immunol 1993;91:30-6.
    • (1993) Clin Exp Immunol , vol.91 , pp. 30-36
    • Steffen, M.1    Reinecker, H.C.2    Petersen, J.3
  • 58
    • 0028955191 scopus 로고
    • Diarrhoea in HIV-infected patients: No evidence of cytokine-mediated inflammation in jejunal mucosa
    • Snijders F, van Deventer SJ, Bartelsman JF, etal. Diarrhoea in HIV-infected patients: no evidence of cytokine-mediated inflammation in jejunal mucosa. Aids 1995;9:367-73.
    • (1995) Aids , vol.9 , pp. 367-373
    • Snijders, F.1    van Deventer, S.J.2    Bartelsman, J.F.3
  • 59
    • 0031568392 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A major role for matrix metalloproteinases in T cell injury in the gut
    • Pender SL, Tickle SP, Docherty AJ, et al. A major role for matrix metalloproteinases in T cell injury in the gut. J Immunol 1997;158:1582-90.
    • (1997) J Immunol , vol.158 , pp. 1582-1590
    • Pender, S.L.1    Tickle, S.P.2    Docherty, A.J.3
  • 60
    • 0347721125 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tumor necrosis factor alpha disrupts tight junction assembly
    • Poritz LS, Garver Kl, Tilberg AF, et al. Tumor necrosis factor alpha disrupts tight junction assembly. J Surg Res 2004;116:14-8.
    • (2004) J Surg Res , vol.116 , pp. 14-18
    • Poritz, L.S.1    Garver, K.2    Tilberg, A.F.3
  • 61
    • 33645014120 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interferon-gamma modulate epithelial barrier function in Madin-Darby canine kidney cells through mitogen activated protein kinase signaling
    • Patrick DM, Leone AK, Shellenberger JJ, et al. Proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interferon-gamma modulate epithelial barrier function in Madin-Darby canine kidney cells through mitogen activated protein kinase signaling. BMC Physiol 2006;6:2.
    • (2006) BMC Physiol , vol.6 , pp. 2
    • Patrick, D.M.1    Leone, A.K.2    Shellenberger, J.J.3
  • 62
    • 19044381573 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interferon gamma induces translocation of commensal Escherichia coli across gut epithelial cells via a lipid raft-mediated process
    • Clark E, Hoare C, Tanianis-Hughes J, et al. Interferon gamma induces translocation of commensal Escherichia coli across gut epithelial cells via a lipid raft-mediated process. Gastroenterology 2005;128:1258-67.
    • (2005) Gastroenterology , vol.128 , pp. 1258-1267
    • Clark, E.1    Hoare, C.2    Tanianis-Hughes, J.3
  • 63
    • 0037303876 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glutamine deprivation facilitates tumour necrosis factor induced bacterial translocation in Caco-2 cells by depletion of enterocyte fuel substrate
    • Clark EC, Patel SD, Chadwick PR, et al. Glutamine deprivation facilitates tumour necrosis factor induced bacterial translocation in Caco-2 cells by depletion of enterocyte fuel substrate. Gut 2003;52:224-30.
    • (2003) Gut , vol.52 , pp. 224-230
    • Clark, E.C.1    Patel, S.D.2    Chadwick, P.R.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.