Cognitive neuroscience of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: Current status and working hypotheses

Developmental Disabilities Research Reviews

Volumn 14, Issue 4, 2008, Pages 261-267

  Vaidya, Chandan J ^a,b   Stollstorff, Melanie ^a  

^a GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b CHILDREN S RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (United States)

Author keywords

Dopaminergic; Executive control; Functional brain imaging; Noradrenergic

Indexed keywords

ATOMOXETINE; CATECHOLAMINE; CENTRAL STIMULANT AGENT;

ATTENTION DEFICIT DISORDER; BRAIN FUNCTION; BRAIN REGION; COGNITION; FUNCTIONAL MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; GENETIC POLYMORPHISM; HUMAN; LIMBIC SYSTEM; MENTAL FUNCTION; MOTOR ACTIVITY; NEUROIMAGING; NEUROPATHOLOGY; NONHUMAN; PHENOTYPE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW;

EID: 58149148230     PISSN: 19405510     EISSN: 10982779     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/ddrr.40     Document Type: Review

References (80)

1. Arnsten AF. 2006. Stimulants: therapeutic actions in ADHD. Neuropsychopharmacology 31:2376-2383.
2. Aston-Jones G, Cohen JD. 2005. An integrative theory of locus coeruleus-norepinephrine function: adaptive gain and optimal performance. Annu Rev Neurosci 28:403-450.
3. Bellgrove MA, Chambers CD, Johnson KA, et al. 2007. Dopaminergic genotype biases spatial attention in healthy children. Mol Psychiatry 12:786-792.
4. Bellgrove MA, Hawi Z, Kirley A, et al. 2005. Dissecting the attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) phenotype: sustained attention, response variability and spatial attentional asymmetries in relation to dopamine transporter (DAT1) genotype. Neuropsychologia 43:1847-1857.
5. Berridge CW, Devilbiss DM, Andrzejewski ME, et al. 2006. Methylphenidate preferentially increases catecholamine neurotransmission within the prefrontal cortex at low doses that enhance cognitive function. Biol Psychiatry 60:1111-1120.
6. Bertolino A, Blasi G, Latorre V, et al. 2006. Additive effects of genetic variation in dopamine regulating genes on working memory cortical activity in human brain. J Neurosci 26:3918-3922.
7. Booth JR, Burman DD, Meyer JR, et al. 2005. Larger deficits in brain networks for response inhibition than for visual selective attention in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). J Child Psychol Psychiatry 46:94-111.
8. Brennan AR, Arnsten AF. 2008. Neuronal mechanisms underlying attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: the influence of arousal on prefrontal cortical function. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1129:236-245.
9. Bush G, Spencer TJ, Holmes J, et al. 2008. Functional magnetic resonance imaging of methylphenidate and placebo in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder during the multisource interference task. Arch Gen Psychiatry 65:102-114.
10. Bush G, Valera EM, Seidman LJ. 2005. Functional neuroimaging of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a review and suggested future directions. Biol Psychiatry 57:1273-1284.
11. Caldu X, Vendrell P, Bartres-Faz D, et al. 2007. Impact of the COMT Val108/158 Met and DAT genotypes on prefrontal function in healthy subjects. Neuroimage 37:1437-1444.
12. Castellanos FX, Margulies DS, Kelly C, et al. 2008. Cingulate-precuneus interactions: a new locus of dysfunction in adult attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder. Biol Psychiatry 63:332-337.
13. Castellanos FX, Sonuga-Barke EJ, Milham MP, et al. 2006. Characterizing cognition in ADHD: beyond executive dysfunction. Trends Cogn Sci 10:117-123.
14. Castellanos FX, Tannock R. 2002. Neuroscience of attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder: the search for endophenotypes. Nat Rev Neurosci 3:617-628.
15. Congdon E, Lesch KP, Canli T. 2008. Analysis of DRD4 and DAT polymorphisms and behavioral inhibition in healthy adults: implications for impulsivity. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 147:27-32.
16. Cornish KM, Manly T, Savage R, et al. 2005. Association of the dopamine transporter (DAT1) 10/10-repeat genotype with ADHD symptoms and response inhibition in a general population sample. Mol Psychiatry 10:686-698.
17. Denckla MB, Rudel RG. 1978. Anomalies of motor development in hyperactive boys. Ann Neurol 3:231-233.
18. Devito EE, Blackwell AD, Kent L, et al. 2008. The effects of methylphenidate on decision making in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Biol Psychiatry 64:636-639.
19. Dickstein SG, Bannon K, Castellanos FX, et al. 2006. The neural correlates of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: an ALE meta-analysis. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 47:1051-1062.
20. Durston S, Davidson MC, Mulder MJ, et al. 2007. Neural and behavioral correlates of expectancy violations in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 48:881-889.
21. Durston S, Fossella JA, Casey BJ, et al. 2005. Differential effects of DRD4 and DAT1 genotype on fronto-striatal gray matter volumes in a sample of subjects with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, their unaffected siblings, and controls. Mol Psychiatry 10:678-685.
22. Durston S, Fossella JA, Mulder MJ, et al. 2008. Dopamine transporter genotype conveys familial risk of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder through striatal activation. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 47:61-67.
23. Durston S, Tottenham NT, Thomas KM, et al. 2003. Differential patterns of striatal activation in young children with and without ADHD. Biol Psychiatry 53:871-878.
24. Easton N, Marshall F, Fone K, et al. 2007. Atom-oxetine produces changes in cortico-basal thalamic loop circuits: assessed by phMRI BOLD contrast. Neuropharmacology 52: 812-826.
25. Easton N, Shah YB, Marshall FH, et al. 2006. Guanfacine produces differential effects in frontal cortex compared with striatum: assessed by phMRI BOLD contrast. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 189:369-385.
26. Ernst M, Kimes AS, London ED, et al. 2003. Neural substrates of decision making in adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Am J Psychiatry 160:1061-1070.
27. Ernst M, Zametkin AJ, Matochik JA, et al. 1998. DOPA decarboxylase activity in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder adults. A [fluorine-18]fluorodopa positron emission tomographic study. J Neurosci 18:5901-5907.
28. Ernst M, Zametkin AJ, Matochik JA, et al. 1999. High midbrain [18F]DOPA accumulation in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Am J Psychiatry 156:1209-1215.
29. Faraone SV, Perlis RH, Doyle AE, et al. 2005. Molecular genetics of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Biol Psychiatry 57: 1313-1323.
30. Fassbender C, Schweitzer JB. 2006. Is there evidence for neural compensation in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder? A review of the functional neuroimaging literature. Clin Psychol Rev 26:445-465.
31. Frank MJ, Santamaria A, O'Reilly RC, et al. 2007. Testing computational models of dopamine and noradrenaline dysfunction in attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Neuropsychopharmacology 32:1583-1599.
32. Holroyd CB, Baker TE, Kerns KA, et al. 2008. Electrophysiological evidence of atypical motivation and reward processing in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Neuropsychologia 46:2234-2242.
33. Jonkman LM, Kemner C, Verbaten MN, et al. 1997. Effects of methylphenidate on event-related potentials and performance of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder children in auditory and visual selective attention tasks. Biol Psychiatry 41:690-702.
34. Kieling C, Roman T, Doyle AE, et al. 2006. Association between DRD4 gene and performance of children with ADHD in a test of sustained attention. Biol Psychiatry 60:1163-1165.
35. Korostenskaja M, Kicic D, Kahkonen S. 2008. The effect of methylphenidate on auditory information processing in healthy volunteers: a combined EEG/MEG study. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 197:475-486.
36. Leth-Steensen C, Elbaz ZK, Douglas VI. 2000. Mean response times, variability, and skew in the responding of ADHD children: a response time distributional approach. Acta Psychol (Amst) 104:167-190.
37. Luman M, Oosterlaan J, Sergeant JA. 2005. The impact of reinforcement contingencies on AD/HD: a review and theoretical appraisal. Clin Psychol Rev 25:183-213.
38. Madras BK, Miller GM, Fischman AJ. 2005. The dopamine transporter and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Biol Psychiatry 57:1397-1409.
39. Makris N, Buka SL, Biederman J, et al. 2008. Attention and executive systems abnormalities in adults with childhood ADHD: a DT-MRI study of connections. Cereb Cortex 18:1210-1220.
40. Martinussen R, Hayden J, Hogg-Johnson S, et al. 2005. A meta-analysis of working memory impairments in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 44:377-384.
41. Moll GH, Heinrich H, Trott G, et al. 2000. Deficient intracortical inhibition in drug-naive children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder is enhanced by methylphenidate. Neurosci Lett 284(1/2):121-125.
42. Mostofsky SH, Newschaffer CJ, Denckla MB. 2003. Overflow movements predict impaired response inhibition in children with ADHD. Percept Mot Skills 97(3 Pt 2):1315-1331.
43. Mostofsky SH, Rimrodt SL, Schafer JG, et al. 2006. Atypical motor and sensory cortex activation in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a functional magnetic resonance imaging study of simple sequential finger tapping. Biol Psychiatry 59:48-56.
44. Pietrzak RH, Mollica CM, Maruff P, et al. 2006. Cognitive effects of immediate-release methylphenidate in children with attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 30:1225-1245.
45. Rosa-Neto P, Lou HC, Cumming P, et al. 2005. Methylphenidate-evoked changes in striatal dopamine correlate with inattention and impulsivity in adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Neuroimage 25:868-876.
46. Rubia K, Overmeyer S, Taylor E, et al. 1999. Hypofrontality in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder during higher-order motor control: a study with functional MRI. Am J Psychiatry 156:891-896.
47. Rubia K, Smith AB, Brammer MJ, et al. 2007. Temporal lobe dysfunction in medication-naive boys with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder during attention allocation and its relation to response variability. Biol Psychiatry 62:999-1006.
48. Sagvolden T, Johansen EB, Aase H, et al. 2005. A dynamic developmental theory of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) predominantly hyperactive/impulsive and combined subtypes. Behav Brain Sci 28:397-419; discussion 419-368.
49. Scheres A, Milham MP, Knutson B, et al. 2006. Ventral striatal hyporesponsiveness during reward anticipation in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Biol Psychiatry 61:720-724.
50. Schmidt LA, Fox NA, Perez-Edgar K, et al. 2001. Association of DRD4 with attention problems in normal childhood development. Psychiatr Genet 11:25-29.
51. Schulz KP, Fan J, Tang CY, et al. 2004. Response inhibition in adolescents diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder during childhood: an event-related FMRI study. Am J Psychiatry 161:1650-1657.
52. Schulz KP, Newcorn JH, Fan J, et al. 2005a. Brain activation gradients in ventrolateral prefrontal cortex related to persistence of ADHD in adolescent boys. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 44:47-54.
53. Schulz KP, Tang CY, Fan J, et al. 2005b. Differential prefrontal cortex activation during inhibitory control in adolescents with and without childhood attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Neuropsychology 19:390-402.
54. Schweitzer JB, Faber TL, Grafton ST, et al. 2000. Alterations in the functional anatomy of working memory in adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Am J Psychiatry 157:278-280.
55. Seeman P, Madras B. 2002. Methylphenidate elevates resting dopamine which lowers the impulse-triggered release of dopamine: a hypothesis. Behav Brain Res 130(1/2):79-83.
56. Seidman LJ, Valera EM, Makris N. 2005. Structural brain imaging of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Biol Psychiatry 57:1263-1272.
57. Shafritz KM, Marchione KE, Gore JC, et al. 2004. The effects of methylphenidate on neural systems of attention in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Am J Psychiatry 161:1990-1997.
58. Shaw P, Eckstrand K, Sharp W, et al. 2007a. Attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder is characterized by a delay in cortical maturation. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 104:19649- 19654.
59. Shaw P, Gornick M, Lerch J, et al. 2007b. Polymorphisms of the dopamine D4 receptor, clinical outcome, and cortical structure in attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder. Arch Gen Psychiatry 64:921-931.
60. Shaw P, Lerch J, Greenstein D, et al. 2006. Longitudinal mapping of cortical thickness and clinical outcome in children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Arch Gen Psychiatry 63:540-549.
61. Silk T, Vance A, Rinehart N, et al. 2005. Frontoparietal activation in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, combined type: functional magnetic resonance imaging study. Br J Psychiatry 187:282-283.
62. Sonuga-Barke EJ. 2002. Psychological heterogeneity in AD/HD - a dual pathway model of behaviour and cognition. Behav Brain Res 130(1/2):29-36.
63. Sonuga-Barke EJ, Dalen L, Remington B. 2003. Do executive deficits and delay aversion make independent contributions to preschool attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder symptoms? J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 42:1335-1342.
64. Sowell ER, Thompson PM, Welcome SE, et al. 2003. Cortical abnormalities in children and adolescents with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Lancet 362:1699-1707.
65. Spencer T, Biederman J. 2002. Non-stimulant treatment for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. J Atten Disord 6 (Suppl 1):S109-S119.
66. Spencer TJ, Biederman J, Madras BK, et al. 2005. In vivo neuroreceptor imaging in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a focus on the dopamine transporter. Biol Psychiatry 57:1293-1300.
67. Stevens MC, Pearlson GD, Kiehl KA. 2007. An FMRI auditory oddball study of combinedsubtype attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Am J Psychiatry 164:1737-1749.
68. Strohle A, Stoy M, Wrase J, et al. 2008. Reward anticipation and outcomes in adult males with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Neuroimage 39:966-972.
69. Swanson JM, Gupta S, Williams L, et al. 2002. Efficacy of a new pattern of delivery of methylphenidate for the treatment of ADHD: effects on activity level in the classroom and on the playground. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 41:1306-1314.
70. Tamm L, Menon V, Reiss AL. 2006. Parietal attentional system aberrations during target detection in adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: event-related fMRI evidence. Am J Psychiatry 163:1033-1043.
71. Vaidya CJ. 2002. Application of pharmacological fMRI to developmental psychiatric disorders. Dev Sci 5:310-317.
72. Vaidya CJ, Austin G, Kirkorian G, et al. 1998. Selective effects of methylphenidate in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a functional magnetic resonance study. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 95:14494-14499.
73. Vaidya CJ, Bunge SA, Dudukovic NM, et al. 2005. Altered neural substrates of cognitive control in childhood ADHD: evidence from functional magnetic resonance imaging. Am J Psychiatry 162:1605-1613.
74. Vance A, Silk TJ, Casey M, et al. 2007. Right parietal dysfunction in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, combined type: a functional MRI study. Mol Psychiatry 12:826-832, 793.
75. Volkow ND, Wang GJ, Fowler JS, et al. 2002. "Nonhedonic" food motivation in humans involves dopamine in the dorsal striatum and methylphenidate amplifies this effect. Synapse 44:175-180.
76. Volkow ND, Wang GJ, Fowler JS, et al. 2004. Evidence that methylphenidate enhances the saliency of a mathematical task by increasing dopamine in the human brain. Am J Psychiatry 161:1173-1180.
77. Volkow ND, Wang GJ, Newcorn J, et al. 2007. Depressed dopamine activity in caudate and preliminary evidence of limbic involvement in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Arch Gen Psychiatry 64:932-940.
78. Willcutt EG, Doyle AE, Nigg JT, et al. 2005. Validity of the executive function theory of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a meta-analytic review. Biol Psychiatry 57:1336-1346.
79. Wolosin SM, Richardson ME, Hennessey JG, et al. 2005. Abnormal cerebral cortex structure in children with ADHD. Hum Brain Mapp DOI 10.1002/hbm.20996.
80. Yang B, Chan RC, Jing J, et al. 2007. A meta-analysis of association studies between the 10-repeat allele of a VNTR polymorphism in the 3′-UTR of dopamine transporter gene and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 144B:541-550.