Depressed dopamine activity in caudate and preliminary evidence of limbic involvement in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

Archives of General Psychiatry

Volumn 64, Issue 8, 2007, Pages 932-940

  Volkow, Nora D ^a,b   Wang, Gene Jack ^c   Newcorn, Jeffrey ^d   Telang, Frank ^b   Solanto, Mary V ^d   Fowler, Joanna S ^c   Logan, Jean ^c   Ma, Yeming ^b   Schulz, Kurt ^d   Pradhan, Kith ^e   Wong, Christopher ^c   Swanson, James M ^f  

^a NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON DRUG ABUSE   (United States)

^b NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON ALCOHOL ABUSE AND ALCOHOLISM   (United States)

^c BROOKHAVEN NATIONAL LABORATORY   (United States)

^d MOUNT SINAI SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^e Stony Brook University   (United States)

^f UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CARBON 11; DOPAMINE; DOPAMINE 2 RECEPTOR; DOPAMINE 3 RECEPTOR; METHYLPHENIDATE; PLACEBO; RACLOPRIDE;

ADULT; ARTICLE; ATTENTION DEFICIT DISORDER; CAUDATE NUCLEUS; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CLINICAL FEATURE; CONTROLLED STUDY; CORRELATION ANALYSIS; DRUG BINDING; DRUG INHIBITION; FEMALE; HUMAN; ISOTOPE LABELING; LIMBIC CORTEX; MALE; OUTPATIENT CARE; POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; SELF REPORT;

ADULT; ATTENTION; ATTENTION DEFICIT DISORDER WITH HYPERACTIVITY; CARBON RADIOISOTOPES; CAUDATE NUCLEUS; CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM STIMULANTS; CORPUS STRIATUM; DOPAMINE; DOPAMINE PLASMA MEMBRANE TRANSPORT PROTEINS; FEMALE; FUNCTIONAL LATERALITY; HUMANS; LIMBIC SYSTEM; MALE; METHYLPHENIDATE; PLACEBOS; POSITRON-EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; PSYCHIATRIC STATUS RATING SCALES; RACLOPRIDE; RECEPTORS, DOPAMINE;

EID: 34547776915     PISSN: 0003990X     EISSN: 15383636     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1001/archpsyc.64.8.932     Document Type: Article

References (58)

1. National Institutes of Health Consensus Development Conference Statement: diagnosis and treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2000;39(2):182-193.
2. Sagvolden T, Johansen EB, Aase H, Russell VA. A dynamic developmental theory of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) predominantly hyperactive/impulsive and combined subtypes. Behav Brain Sci. 2005;28(3):397-419.
3. Kuczenski R, Segal DS. Effects of methylphenidate on extracellular dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine: comparison with amphetamine. J Neurochem. 1997;68(5):2032-2037.
4. Zahniser NR, Doolen S. Chronic and acute regulation of Na+/Cl -dependent neurotransmitter transporters: drugs, substrates, presynaptic receptors, and signaling systems. Pharmacol Ther. 2001;92(1):21-55.
5. Spencer TJ, Biederman J, Madras BK, Faraone SV, Dougherty DD, Bonab AA, Fischman AJ. In vivo neuroreceptor imaging in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a focus on the dopamine transporter. Biol Psychiatry. 2005;57(11):1293-1300.
6. van Dyck CH, Quinlan DM, Cretella LM, Staley JK, Malison RT, Baldwin RM, Seibyl JP, Innis RB. Unaltered dopamine transporter availability in adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Am J Psychiatry. 2002;159(2):309-312.
7. Volkow ND, Wang GJ, Newcorn J, Fowler JS, Telang F, Solanto MV, Logan J, Wong C, Ma Y, Swanson JM, Schultz K, Pradhan K. Brain dopamine transporter levels in treatment and drug naive adults with ADHD. Neuroimage. 2007;34(3):1182-1190.
8. Hesse S, Ballaschkle O, Barthel H, von Cramon D, Sabri O. The striatal dopamine transporter availability is reduced in adults with attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder [abstract]. J Nucl Med. 2006;47:142.
9. Ernst M, Zametkin AJ, Matochik JA, Jons PH, Cohen RM. DOPA decarboxylase activity in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder adults: a [fluorine-18]fluorodopa positron emission tomographic study. J Neurosci. 1998;18(15):5901-5907.
10. Ernst M, Zametkin AJ, Matochik JA, Pascualvaca D, Jons PH, Cohen RM. High midbrain [18F]DOPA accumulation in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Am J Psychiatry. 1999;156(8):1209-1215.
11. Volkow ND, Wang GJ, Fowler JS, Logan J, Franceschi D, Maynard L, Ding YS, Gatley SJ, Gifford A, Zhu W, Swanson JM. Relationship between blockade of dopamine transporters by oral methylphenidate and the increases in extracellular dopamine: therapeutic implications. Synapse. 2002;43(3):181-187.
12. Rosa-Neto P, Lou HC, Cumming P, Pryds O, Karrebaek H, Lunding J, Gjedde A. Methylphenidate-evoked changes in striatal dopamine correlate with inattention and impulsivity in adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Neuroimage. 2005;25(3):868-876.
13. Dewey SL, Smith GS, Logan J, Brodie JD, Fowler JS, Wolf AP. Striatal binding of the PET ligand 11C-raclopride is altered by drugs that modify synaptic dopamine levels. Synapse. 1993;13(4):350-356.
14. Volkow ND, Wang GJ, Fowler JS, Logan J, Schlyer D, Hitzemann R, Lieberman J, Angrist B, Pappas N, MacGregor R. Imaging endogenous dopamine competition with [11C]raclopride in the human brain. Synapse. 1994;16(4):255-262.
15. Conners CK. Rating scales in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: use in assessment and treatment monitoring. J Clin Psychiatry. 1998;59(suppl 7):24-30.
16. Hamilton M. The assessment of anxiety states by rating. Br J Med Psychol. 1959;32(1):50-55.
17. Hamilton M. A rating scale for depression. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1960;23:56-62.
18. Wang GJ, Volkow ND, Hitzemann RJ, Wong C, Angrist B, Burr G, Pascani K, Pappas N, Lu A, Cooper T, Lieberman JA. Behavioral and cardiovascular effects of intravenous methylphenidate in normal subjects and cocaine abusers. Eur Addict Res. 1997;3:49-54.
19. Fischman MW, Foltin RW. Utility of subjective-effects measurements in assessing abuse liability of drugs in humans. Br J Addict. 1991;86(12):1563-1570.
20. Alexoff D, Shea C, Fowler JS, King P, Gatley SJ, Schlyer DJ, Wolf AP. Plasma input function determination for PET using a commercial laboratory robot. Nucl Med Biol. 1995;22(7):893-904.
21. Logan J, Fowler JS, Volkow ND, Wolf AP, Dewey SL, Schlyer DJ, MacGregor RR, Hitzemann R, Bendriem B, Gatley SJ. Graphical analysis of reversible radioligand binding from time-activity measurements applied to [N-11C-methyl]-(-)-cocaine PET studies in human subjects. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 1990;10(5):740-747.
22. Friston KJ, Holmes AP, Worsley KJ, Poline JB, Frith CD, Frackowiak RSJ. Statistical parametric maps in functional imaging: a general linear approach. Hum Brain Mapp. 1995;2:189-210.
23. Lancaster JL, Woldorff MG, Parsons LM, Liotti M, Freitas CS, Rainy L, Kochunov PV, Nickerson D, Mikiten SA, Fox PT. Automated Talairach atlas labels for functional brain mapping. Hum Brain Mapp. 2000;10(3):120-131.
24. Efron B, Tibshirani R. An Introduction to the Bootstrap. Boca Raton, FL: Chapman & Hall/CRC Press; 1993.
25. Casella G, Berger RL. Statistical Inference. 2nd ed. Pacific Grove, CA: Duxbury; 2002.
26. Volkow ND, Wang GJ, Fowler JS, Gatley SJ, Logan J, Ding YS, Hitzemann R, Pappas N. Dopamine transporter occupancies in the human brain induced by therapeutic doses of oral methylphenidate. Am J Psychiatry. 1998;155(10):1325-1331.
27. Volkow ND, Wang GJ, Fowler JS, Gatley SJ, Logan J, Ding YS, Dewey SL, Hitzemann R, Gifford AN, Pappas NR. Blockade of striatal dopamine transporters by intravenous methylphenidate is not sufficient to induce self-reports of "high." J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1999;288(1):14-20.
28. Bush G, Valera EM, Seidman LJ. Functional neuroimaging of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a review and suggested future directions. Biol Psychiatry. 2005;57(11):1273-1284.
29. Lou HC, Andresen J, Steinberg B, McLaughlin T, Friberg L. The striatum in a putative cerebral network activated by verbal awareness in normals and in ADHD children. Eur J Neurol. 1998;5(1):67-74.
30. Karreman M, Moghaddam B. The prefrontal cortex regulates the basal release of dopamine in the limbic striatum: an effect mediated by ventral tegmental area. J Neurochem. 1996;66(2):589-598.
31. Kolachana BS, Saunders RC, Weinberge DR. Augmentation of prefrontal cortical monoaminergic activity inhibits dopamine release in the caudate nucleus: an in vivo neurochemical assessment in the rhesus monkey. Neuroscience. 1995;69(3):859-868.
32. Seamans JK, Yang CR. The principal features and mechanisms of dopamine modulation in the prefrontal cortex. Prog Neurobiol. 2004;74(1):1-58.
33. Gjedde A, Wong DF, Rosa-Neto P, Cumming P. Mapping neuroreceptors at work: on the definition and interpretation of binding potentials after 20 years of progress. Int Rev Neurobiol. 2005;63:1-20.
34. Wong DF, Pearlson GD, Tune LE, Young LT, Meltzer CC, Dannals RF, Ravert HT, Reith J, Kuhar MJ, Gjedde A. Quantification of neuroreceptors in the living human brain: IV. Effect of aging and elevations of D2-like receptors in schizophrenia and bipolar illness. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 1997;17(3):331-342.
35. Ilgin N, Senol S, Gucuyener K, Gokcora N, Sener S. Is increased D2 receptor availability associated with response to stimulant medication in ADHD. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2001;43(11):755-760.
36. Volkow ND, Wang GJ, Fowler JS, Logan J, Gatley SJ, MacGregor RR, Schlyer DJ, Hitzemann R, Wolf AP. Measuring age-related changes in dopamine D2 receptors with 11C-raclopride and 18F-N-methylspiroperidol. Psychiatry Res. 1996; 67(1):11-16.
37. Vaidya CJ, Bunge SA, Dudukovic NM, Zalecki CA, Elliott GR, Gabrieli JD. Altered neural substrates of cognitive control in childhood ADHD: evidence from functional magnetic resonance imaging. Am J Psychiatry. 2005;162(9):1605-1613.
38. Lou HC, Rosa P, Pryds O, Karrebaek H, Lunding J, Cumming P, Gjedde A. ADHD: increased dopamine receptor availability linked to attention deficit and low neonatal cerebral blood flow. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2004;46(3):179-183.
39. Benke T, Delazer M, Bartha L, Auer A. Basal ganglia lesions and the theory of fronto-subcortical loops: neuropsychological findings in two patients with left caudate lesions. Neurocase. 2003;9(1):70-85.
40. Tseng KY, O'Donnell P. Dopamine modulation of prefrontal cortical interneurons changes during adolescence. Cereb Cortex. 2007;17(5):1235-1240.
41. Andersen SL, LeBlanc CJ, Lyss PJ. Maturational increases in c-fos expression in the ascending dopamine systems. Synapse. 2001;41(4):345-350.
42. Andersen SL. Changes in the second messenger cyclic AMP during development may underlie motoric symptoms in attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Behav Brain Res. 2002;130(1-2):197-201.
43. Biederman J, Mick E, Faraone SV. Age-dependent decline of symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: impact of remission definition and symptom type. Am J Psychiatry. 2000;157(5):816-818.
44. Volkow ND, Swanson JM. Variables that affect the clinical use and abuse of methylphenidate in the treatment of ADHD. Am J Psychiatry. 2003;160(11):1909-1918.
45. Kessler RC, Adler L, Barkley R, Biederman J, Conners CK, Demler O, Faraone SV, Greenhill LL, Howes MJ, Secnik K, Spencer T, Ustun TB, Walters EE, Zaslavsky AM. The prevalence and correlates of adult ADHD in the United States: results from the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. Am J Psychiatry. 2006;163(4):716-723.
46. Volkow ND, Wang GJ, Fowler JS, Logan J, Gatley SJ, Hitzemann R, Chen AD, Dewey SL, Pappas N. Decreased striatal dopaminergic responsiveness in detoxified cocaine-dependent subjects. Nature. 1997;386(6627):830-833.
47. Martinez D, Gil R, Slifstein M, Hwang DR, Huang Y, Perez A, Kegeles L, Talbot P, Evans S, Krystal J, Laruelle M, Abi-Dargham A. Alcohol dependence is associated with blunted dopamine transmission in the ventral striatum. Biol Psychiatry. 2005;58(10):779-786.
48. Wilens TE, Faraone SV, Biederman J, Gunawardene S. Does stimulant therapy of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder beget later substance abuse? a metaanalytic review of the literature. Pediatrics. 2003;111(1):179-185.
49. Plessen KJ, Bansal R, Zhu H, Whiteman R, Amat J, Quackenbush GA, Martin L, Durkin K, Blair C, Royal J, Hugdahl K, Peterson BS. Hippocampus and amygdala morphology in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2006;63(7):795-807.
50. Ernst M, Kimes AS, London ED, Matochik JA, Eldreth D, Tata S, Contoreggi C, Leff M, Bolla K. Neural substrates of decision making in adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Am J Psychiatry. 2003;160(6):1061-1070.
51. Aalto S, Bruck A, Laine M, Nagren K, Rinne JO. Frontal and temporal dopamine release during working memory and attention tasks in healthy humans: a positron emission tomography study using the high-affinity dopamine D2 receptor ligand [11C]FLB 457. J Neurosci. 2005;25(10):2471-2477.
52. Dowson JH, McLean A, Bazanis E, Toone B, Young S, Robbins TW, Sahakian BJ. Impaired spatial working memory in adults with attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder: comparisons with performance in adults with borderline personality disorder and in control subjects. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2004;110(1):45-54.
53. Breier A, Su TP, Saunders R, Carson RE, Kolachana BS, de Bartolomeis A, Weinberger DR, Weisenfeld N, Malhotra AK, Eckelman WC, Pickar D. Schizophrenia is associated with elevated amphetamine-induced synaptic dopamine concentrations: evidence from a novel positron emission tomography method. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1997;94(6):2569-2574.
54. Castellanos FX, Giedd JN, Marsh WL, Hamburger SD, Vaituzis AC, Dickstein DP, Sarfatti SE, Vauss YC, Snell JW, Lange N, Kaysen D, Krain AL, Ritchie GF, Rajapakse JC, Rapoport JL. Quantitative brain magnetic resonance imaging in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1996;53(7):607-616.
55. Castellanos FX, Giedd JN, Berquin PC, Walter JM, Sharp W, Tran T, Vaituzis AC, Blumenthal JD, Nelson J, Bastain TM, Zijdenbos A, Evans AC, Rapoport JL. Quantitative brain magnetic resonance imaging in girls with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2001;58(3):289-295.
56. Filipek PA, Semrud-Clikeman M, Steingard RJ, Renshaw PF, Kennedy DN, Biederman J. Volumetric MRI analysis comparing subjects having attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder with normal controls. Neurology. 1997;48(3):589-601.
57. Rousset OG, Ma Y, Evans AC. Correction for partial volume effects in PET: principle and validation. J Nucl Med. 1998;39(5):904-911.
58. Wang GJ, Volkow ND, Levy AV, Fowler JS, Logan J, Alexoff D, Hitzemann RJ, Schyler DJ. MR-PET image coregistration for quantitation of striatal dopamine D2 receptors. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 1996;20(3):423-428.