Thioredoxin h system and wheat seed quality

Cereal Chemistry

Volumn 85, Issue 6, 2008, Pages 799-807

  Zahid, Abderrakib ^a   Afoulous, Samia ^a   Cazalis, Roland ^a  

^a UNIVERSITÉ DE TOULOUSE   (France)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AMINO ACIDS; QUALITY CONTROL; SEED;

CELLULAR REDOX; ELECTRON DONORS; KEY SYSTEMS; LIVING ORGANISMS; MULTIGENE FAMILIES; REDOX BALANCES; SEED QUALITY; THIOREDOXIN H SYSTEM; THIOREDOXINS; WHEAT SEEDS;

ENZYMES;

TRITICUM AESTIVUM;

EID: 57449092976     PISSN: 00090352     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1094/CCHEM-85-6-0799     Document Type: Review

References (119)

1. Alkhalfioui, F., Renard, M., Vensel, W. H., Wong, J., Tanaka, C. K., Hurkman, W. J., Buchanan, B. B., and Montrichard, F. 2007. Thioredoxin-linked proteins are reduced during germination of Medicago truncatula seeds. Plant Physiol. 144:1559-1579.
2. Balmer, Y., Koller, A., del Val, G., Manieri, W., Schürmann, P., and Buchanan, B. B. 2003. Proteomics gives insight into the regulatory function of chloroplast thioredoxins. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 100:370-375.
3. Balmer, Y., Koller, A., del Val, G., Schürmann, P., and Buchanan, B. B. 2004. Proteomics uncovers proteins interacting electrostatically with thioredoxin in chloroplasts. Photosynth. Res. 79:275-280,
4. Balmer, Y., Vensel, W. H., Cai, N., Manieri, W., Schürmann, P., Hurkman, W. J., and Buchanan, B. B. 2006a. A complete ferredoxin/thioredoxin system regulates fundamental processes in amyloplasts. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 103:2988-2993.
5. Balmer, Y., Vensel, W. H., Dupont, F. M., Buchanan, B. B., and Hurkman, W. J. 20066. Proteome of amyloplasts isolated from developing wheat endosperm presents evidence of broad metabolic capability. J. Exp. Bot. 57:1591-1602.
6. Barajas-López, J. D., Serrato, A. J. Olmedilla, A., Chueca, A., and Sahrawy. M. 2007. Localization in roots and flowers of pea chloroplastic thioredoxin f and thioredoxin m proteins reveals new roles in nonphotosynthetic organs. Plant Physiol. 145:946-960.
7. Berndt, C., Lillig, C. H., and Holmgren, A. 2008. Thioredoxins and glutaredoxins as facilitators of protein folding. BBA 1783:641-650.
8. Besse, I., Wong, J. H., Kobrehel, K., and Buchanan, B. B. 1996. Thiocalsin: A thioredoxin-linked, substrate-specific protease dependent on calcium. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 93:3169-3175.
9. Bewley, J. D., and Black, M. 1994. Seeds. Physiology and Germination. Plenum Press: New York.
10. Broin, M., and Rey, P. 2003. Potato plants lacking the cdsp32 plastidic thioredoxin exhibit overoxidation of the bas1 2-cysteine peroxiredoxin and increased lipid peroxidation in thylakoids under photooxidative stress. Plant Physiol. 132:1335-1343.
11. Bower, M. S., Matias, D. D., Fernandes-Carvalho, E., Mazzurco, M., Gu, T., Gu, T., Rothstein, S., and Goring, D. R. 1996. Two members of the thioredoxin-h family interact with the kinase domain of a Brassica S locus receptor kinase. Pant Cell 8:1641-1650.
12. Buchanan, B. B., and Balmer, Y. 2005. Redox regulation: A broadening horizon. Annu. Rev. Plant Biol. 56:187-220.
13. Buchanan, B. B., and Frick, O. L. 2007. Thioredoxin and food allergy J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 119:513-514.
14. Buchanan, B. B., Adamidi, C., Lozano, R. M., Yee, B. C., Momma, M., Kobrehel, K., Ermel, R., and Frick, O. L. 1997. Thioredoxin-linked mitigation of allergic responses to wheat. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 94:5372-5377.
15. Buchanan, B. B., Kobrehel, K., Yee, B. C., Wong, J. H., Lozano, R., Jiao, J., and Shin, S. 2000. Use of thiol redox proteins for reducing protein intramolecular disulfide bonds, for improving the quality of cereal products, dough and baked goods and for inactivating snake, bee and scorpion toxins. US patent 6113951.
16. Cabrillac, D., Cock, J. M., Dumas, C., and Gaude, T. 2001. The S-locus receptor kinase is inhibited by thioredoxins and activated by pollen coat proteins. Nature 410:220-223.
17. Capitani, G., Markovi-Housley, Z., DelVal, G., Morris, M., Jansonius, J. N., and Schürmann, P. 2000. Crystal structures of two functionally different thioredoxins in spinach chloroplasts J. Mol. Bol. 302:135-154.
18. Cazalis, R., Pulido, P., Aussenac, T., Pérez-Ruiz, J. M., and Cejudo, F. J. 2006. Cloning and characterization of three thioredoxin h isoforms from wheat showing differential expression in seeds. J. Exp. Bot. 57:2165-2172.
19. Chivers, P. T., Prehoda, K. E., and Raines, R. T. 1997. The CXXC motif: a rheostat in the active site. Biochemistry 36:4061-4066.
20. Cho, M.-J, Wong, J. H., Marx, C., Jiang, W., Lemaux, P. G., and Buchanan, B. B. 1999. Overexpression of thioredoxin h leads to enhanced activity of starch debranching enzyme (pullulanase) in barley grain. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 96:14641-14646.
21. Collin, V., Lamkemeyer, P., Miginiac-Maslow, M., Hirasawa, M., Knav, D. B., Dietz, K. J., and Issakidis-Bourguet, E. 2004. Characterization of plastidial thioredoxins from Arabidopsis belonging to the new y type. Plant Physiol. 136:4088-4095.
22. Crowley, P. B., and Carrondo, M. A. 2004. The architecture of the binding site in redox protein complexes: Implications for fast dissociation. Proteins 55:603-612.
23. Del Val, G., Yee, B. C., Lozano, R. M., Buchanan, B. B., Ermel, R. W., Lee, Y.-M., and Frick, O. L. 1999. Thioredoxin treatment increases digestibility and lowers allergenicity of milk. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 103:690-669.
24. Draper, J., Mur, L. A. J., Jenkins, G., Ghosh-Biswas, G. C., Bablak, P., Hasterok, R., and Routledge, A. P. M. 2001. Brachypodium distachyon: A new model system for functional genomics in grasses. Plant Physiol. 127:1539-1555.
25. Fisher, D. B., Wu, Y., and Ku, M. S. 1992. Turnover of soluble proteins in the wheat tube sieve. Plant Physiol. 100:349-356.
26. Florencio, F. J., Yee, B. C., Johnson, T. C., and Buchanan, B. B. 1988. An NADP/thioredoxin system in leaves: Purification and characterization of NADP-thioredoxin reductase and thioredoxin h from spinach. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 266:496-507.
27. Fomenko, D. E., and Gladyshev, V. N. 2003. Identity and functions of CxxC-derived motifs. Biochemistry 42:11214-11225.
28. Gautier, M.-F., Lullien-Pellerin, V., de Lamotte-Guéry, F., Guirao, A., and Joudrier, P. 1998. Characterization of wheat thioredoxin h cDNA and production of an active Triticum aestivum protein in Escherichia coli. Eur. J. Biochem. 252:314-324.
29. Gelhaye, E., Rouhier N., and Jacquot, J.-P. 2003. Evidence for a subgroup of thioredoxin h that requires GSH/Grx for its reduction. FEBS Lett. 555:443-448.
30. Gelhaye, E., Rouhier, N., and Jacquot, J.-P. 2004a. The thioredoxin h system of higher plants. Plant Physiol. Biochem. 42:265-271.
31. Gelhaye, E., Rouhier, N., Gérard, J., Jolivet, Y., Gualberto, J., Navrot, N., Ohlsson, P. I., Wingsle, G., Hirasawa, M., Knaff, D. B., Wang, H., Dizengremel, P., Meyer, Y., and Jacquot, J.-P. 2004b. A specific form of thioredoxin h occurs in plant mitochondria and regulates the alternative oxidase Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 101:14545-14550.
32. Gelhaye, E., Rouhier, N., Navrot, N., and Jacquot, J.-P. 2005. The plant thioredoxin system. Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 62:24-35.
33. Guo, H. X., Yin, J., Ren, J. P., Wang, Z. Y., and Chen, H. L. 2007. Changes in proteins within germinating seeds of transgenic wheat with an antisense construct directed against the thioredoxin. J. Plant Physiol. Mol. Biol. 33:18-24.
34. Häberlein, I., Wolf, M., Mohr, L., and Follmann, H. 1995. Differentiation of six distinct thioredoxins in seeds of soybean. J. Plant Physiol. 146:385-392.
35. Hartman, H., Syvanen, M., and Buchanan, B. B. 1990. Contrasting evolutionary histories of chloroplast thioredoxins f and m. Mol. Biol. Evol. 7:247-254.
36. Holmgren, A. 1979. Reduction of disulfides by thioredoxin. Exceptional reactivity of insulin and suggested functions of thioredoxin in mechanism of hormone action. J. Biol. Chem. 254:9113-9119.
37. Holmgren, A., Söderberg, B. O., Eklund, H., and Bränden, C. I. 1975. Three dimensional structure of Escherichia coli thioredoxin-S2 to 2.8 Angström resolution. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 72:2305-2309.
38. Holmgren, A., Ohlsson, I., and Grankvist, M. L. 1978. Thioredoxin from Escherichia coli. Radioimmunological and enzymatic determinations in wild type cells and mutants defective in phage T7 DNA replication. J. Biol. Chem. 253:430-436.
39. Ishiwatari, Y., Honda, C., Kawashima, I., Nakamura, S., Hirano, H., Mori, S., Fijowara, T., Hayashi, H., and Chino, M. 1995. Thioredoxin h is one of the major proteins in rice phloem sap. Planta 195:456-463.
40. Ishiwatari, Y., Fijiwara, T., McFarland, K. C., Nemoto, K., Hayashi, H,. Chino, M., and Lucas, W. J. 1998. Rice phloem thioredoxin h has the capacity to mediate its own cell-to-cell transport through plasmodesmata. Planta 205:12-22.
41. Jacquot, J. P., Vidal, J., Gadal, P, and Schürmann, P.1978. Evidence for the existence of several enzyme-specific thioredoxins in plants. FEBS Lett. 94:243-246.
42. Jacquot, J. P., Rivera-Madrid, R., Marinho, P., Kollarova, M., Le Maréchal, P., Miginiac-Maslow, M., and Meyer, Y. 1994. Arabidopsis thaliana NADPH thioredoxin reductase. cDNA characterization and expression of the recombinant protein in Escherichia coli. J. Mol. Biol. 235:1357-1363.
43. Jeng, M. F., Campbell, A. P., Begley, T., Holmgren, A., Case, D. A., Wright, P. E., and Dyson, H. J. 1994. High-resolution solution structures of oxidized and reduced Escherichia coli thioredoxin. Structure 2:853-868.
44. Joudrier, P., Gautier, M. F., de Lamotte, F., and Kobrehel, K. 2005. The thioredoxin systems :potential applications. Biotechnol. Adv. 23:81-85.
45. Juarez-Diaz, J. A., McClure, B., Vazquez-Santana, S., Guevara-Garcia, A., Leon-Mejia, P., Marquez-Guzman, J., and Cruz-Garcia, F. 2006. A novel thioredoxin h is secreted in Nicotiana alata and reduces S-RNase in vitro. J. Biol. Chem. 281:3418-3424.
46. Juttner, J., Olde, D., Langridge, P., and Baumann, U. 2000. Cloning and expression of a distinct subclass of plant thioredoxins. Eur. J. Biochem. 267:7109-7117.
47. Kobrehel, K., Wong, J. H., Balogh, A., Kiss, F., Yee, B. C., and Buchanan, B. B. 1992. Specific reduction of wheat storage proteins by thioredoxin h. Plant Physiol. 99:919-924.
48. Laloi, C., Rayapuram, N., Chartier, Y., Grienenberger, J. M., and Bonnard, G., Meyer, Y 2001. Identification and characterization of a mitochondrial thioredoxin system in plants. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 98:14144-14149.
49. Lemaire, S. D., Collin, V., Keryer, E., Quesada, A. L., and Miginiac-Maslow, M. 2003 Characterization of thioredoxin y, a new type of thioredoxin identified in the genome of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. FEBS Lett. 543:87-92.
50. Lemaire, S. D., Guillon, B., Le Marechal, P., Keryer, E., Miginiac-Maslow, M., and Decottignies, P. 2004. New thioredoxin targets in the unicellular photosynthetic eukaryote Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 101:7475-7480.
51. Lemaire, S. D., Michelet, L., ZaVagnini, M., Massot, V., and Issakidis-Bourguet, E. 2007. Thioredoxins in chloroplasts. Curr. Genet. 51:343-365.
52. Liu, L., Yin, J., Ren, J. P., and Han, J. F., 2004. Effects of antisense trxs on germination of transgenic wheat seeds. Acta Agron. Sin. 30:801-805.
53. Lozano, R. M., Wong, J. H., Yee, B. C., Peters, A., Kobrehel, K., and Buchanan, B. B. 1996. New evidence for a role for thioredoxin h in germination and seedling development. Planta 200:100-106.
54. Maeda, K., Finnie, C., Ostergaard, O., and Svensson, B. 2003. Identification, cloning and characterization of two thioredoxin h isoforms. HvTrx h1 and HvTrx h2, from barley seed proteome. Eur. J. Biochem. 270:2633-2643.
55. Maeda, K., Finnie, C., and Svensson, B. 2004. Cy5 maleimide labelling for sensitive detection of free thiols in native protein extracts: Identification of seed proteins targeted by barley thioredoxin h isoforms. Biochem. J. 378:497-507.
56. Maeda, K., Finnie, C., and Svensson, B. 2005. Identification of thioredoxin h reducible disulphides in proteomes by differential labelling of cysteines: Insight into recognition and regulation of proteins in barley seeds by thioredoxin h. Proteomics 5:1634-1644.
57. Maeda, K., Hägglund, P., Finnie, C., Svensson, B., and Henriksen, A. 2006. Structural basis for target protein recognition by the protein disulfide reductase thioredoxin. Structure 14:1701-1710.
58. Maeda, K., Hägglund, P., Finnie, C., Svensson, B., and Henriksen, A. 2008. Crystal structures of barley thioredoxin h isoforms HvTrxh1 andHvTrxh2 reveal features involved in protein recognition and possibly in discriminating the isoform specificity. Protein Sci. 17:1015-1024.
59. Martin, J. L. 1995. Thioredoxin: A fold for all reasons. Structure 3:245-250.
60. Marx, C., Wong, J. H., and Buchanan, B. B. 2003. Thioredoxin and germinating barley: targets and protein redox changes. Planta 216:454-460.
61. Matsumoto, K., Masutani, H., Nishiyama, A., Hashimoto, S., Gon, Y., Horie, T., and Yodoi, J. 2002. C-propeptide region of human pro alpha 1 type 1 collagen interacts with thioredoxin. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 295:663-667.
62. Mazzurco, M., Sulaman, W., Elina, H., Cock, J. M., and Goring, D. R. 2001. Identification of a cysteine required for the interaction of two thioredoxin h proteins with the kinase domain of the S locus receptor kinase. Plant Mol. Biol. 45:365-376.
63. Mestre-Ortega, D., and Meyer, Y. 1999. The Arabidopsis thaliana genome encodes at least four thioredoxins m and a new prokaryotic-like thioredoxin. Gene 240:7109-7117.
64. Meyer, Y., Vignols, F., and Reichheld, J. P. 2002. Classification of plant thioredoxins by sequence similarity and intron position. Methods Enzymol. 347:394-402.
65. Meyer, Y., Reichheld, J.-P., and Vignols, F. 2005. Thioredoxins in Arabidopsis and other plants. Photosynth. Res. 86:419-433.
66. Meyer, Y., Riondet, C., Constans, L., Abdelgawwad, M. R., Reichheld, J.-P., and Vignols, F. 2006. Evolution of redoxin genes in the green lineage. Photosynth. Res. 89:179-192.
67. Michelet, L., Zaffagnini, M., Massot, V., Keryer, E., Vanacker, H., Miginiac-Maslow, M., Issakidis-Bourguet, E., and Lemaire, S. D. 2006. Thioredoxins, glutaredoxins, and glutathionylation: New crosstalks to explore. Photosynth. Res. 89:225-245.
68. Monteiro, G., Horta, B. B., Pimenta, D. C., Augusto, O., and Netto, L. E. S. 2007. Reduction of 1-cys peroxiredoxins by ascorbate changes the thiol-specific antioxidant paradigm, revealing another function of vitamin c, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 104:4886-4891.
69. Motohashi, K., Kondoh, A., Stumpp, M. T., and Hisabori, T. 2001. Comprehensive survey of proteins targeted by chloroplast thioredoxin. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 98:11224-11229.
70. Mustacich, D., and Powis, G. 2000. Thioredoxin reductase. Biochem. J. 346:1-8.
71. Navrot, N., Collin, V., Gualberto, J., Gelhaye, E., Hirasawa, M., Rey, P., Knaff, D. B., Issakidis, E., Jacquot, J.-P., and Rouhier, N. 2006. Plant glutathione peroxidase are functional peroxiredoxins distributed in several subcellular compartments and regulated during hiotic and ahiotic stresses. Plant Physiol. 142:1364-1379.
72. 3 up-regulated protein 1 as a negative regulator of thioredoxin function and expression J. Biol. Chem. 274:21645-21650.
73. Nuruzzaman, M., Gupta, M., Zhang, C., Wang, L., Xie, W., Xiong, L., Zhang, Q., and Lian. X. 2008. Sequence and expression analysis of the thioredoxin protein gene family in rice. Mol. Genet. Genomics 280:139-151.
74. Pagano, E. A., Chueca, A., and Lopez-Gorge, J. 2000. Expression of thioredoxins f and m, and of their targets fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase and NADP-malate dehydrogenase, in pea plants grown under normal and light/temperature stress conditions. J. Exp. Bot. 51:1299-1307.
75. Qin, J., Clore, G. M., and Gronenbom, A. M. 1994. The high-resolution three-dimensional solution structures of the oxidized and reduced states of human thioredoxin. Structure 2:503-522.
76. Quan, S., Schneider, I., Pan, J., Von Hecht, I., and Bardwell, J. C. A. 2007. The CXXC motif is more than a redox rheostat. J. Bio. Chem. 282:28823-28833.
77. Quimby, B. B., and Dasso, M. 2003. The small GTPase ran: Interpreting the signs. Curr. Opin. Cell. Biol. 15:338-344.
78. Rancourt, R. C., Tai, S., King, M., Heltshe, S. L., Penvari, C., Accurso, F. J., and White, C. W. 2004. Thioredoxin liquefies and decreases the viscoelasticity of cystic fibrosis sputum. Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell Mol. Physiol. 286:L931-L938.
79. Reichheld, J. P., Meyer, E., Khafif, M., Bonnard, G., and Meyer, Y. 2005. AtNTRB is the major mitochondrial thioredoxin reductase in Arabidopsis thaliana. FEBS Lett. 579:337-342.
80. Reichheld, J.-P., Khafif, M., Riondet, C., Droux, M., Bonnard, G., and Meyer, Y. 2007. Inactivation of thioredoxin reductases reveals a complex interplay between thioredoxin and glutathione pathways in Arabidopsis development. Plant Cell 19:1851-1865.
81. Rhazi, L., Cazalis, R., and Aussenac, Y. 2003. Sulfhydryl-disulfide changes in storage proteins of developing wheat grain; influence on the SDS-unextractable glutenin polymer formation. J. Cereal Sci. 38:3-13.
82. Rouhier, N., Gelhaye, E., Sautiere, P. E., Brun, A., Laurent, P., Tagu, D., Gerard, J., de Fäy, E., Meyer, Y., and Jacquot, J. P. 2001. Isolation and characterization of a new peroxiredoxin from poplar sieve a tube that uses either glutaredoxin or thioredoxin as a proton donor. Plant Physiol. 127:1299-1309.
83. Rouhier, N., Villarejo, A., Srivastav, M., Gelhaye, E., Keech, O., Droux, M., Finkemeier, I., Samuelsson, G., Dietz, K. J., Jacquot, J. P., and Wingsle, G. 2005. Identification of plant glutaredoxin targets. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 7:919-929.
84. Rouhier, N., Vieira Dos Santos, C., Tarrago, L., and Rey, P. 2006. Plant methionine sulfoxide reductase a and b multigenic families, Photosynth. Res. 89:247-262.
85. Rouhier, N., Kauffmann, B., Tete-Favier, F., Palladino, P., Gans, P., Branlant, G., Jacquot, J., and Boschi-Muller, S. 2007. Functional and structural aspects of poplar cytosolic and plastidial type a methionine sulfoxide reductases, J. Biol. Chem. 282:3367-3378.
86. Sahrawy, M., Hecht, V., López-Jaramillo, J., Chueca, A., Chartier, Y., and Meyer, Y. 1996. Intron position as an evolutionary marker of thioredoxins and thioredoxin domains. J. Mol. Evol. 42:422-431.
87. Saitoh, M., Nishitoh, H., Fujii, M., Takeda, K., Tobiume, K., Sawada, Y., Kawabata, M., Miyazono, K., and Ichijo, H. 1998. Mammalian thioredoxin is a direct inhibitor of apoptosis signal-regulating kinase (ASK) 1. EMBO J. 17:2596-2606.
88. Sakuth, T., Schobert, C., Pecsvaradi, A., Eichholz, A., Komor, E., and Orlich, G. 1993. Specific proteins in the sieve tube exudates of Ricinus communis L. seedlings: Separation, characterization and in vivo labeling. Planta 91:207-213.
89. Schopfer, C. R., Nasrallah, M. E., and Nasrallah, J. B. 1999. The male determinant of self-incompatibility in Brassica. Science 286:1697-1700.
90. Schürmann, P., and Buchanan, B. B. 2008. The ferredoxin/thioredoxin system of oxygenic photosynthesis. ARS 10:1235-1274.
91. Schürmann, P., and Jacquot, J.-P. 2000. Plant thioredoxin systems revisited. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. Plant Mol. Biol. 51:371-400.
92. Serrato, A. J., and Cejudo, F. J. 2003. Type-h thioredoxins accumulate in the nucleus of developing wheat seed tissues suffering oxidative stress. Planta 217:392-399.
93. Serrato, A. J. Crespo, J. L., Florencio, F. J., and Cejudo, F. J. 2001. Characterization of two thioredoxins h with predominant localization in the nucleus of aleurone and scutellum cells of germinating wheat seeds. Plant Mol. Biol. 46:361-371.
94. Serrato, A. J., Pérez-Ruiz, J. M., and Cejudo, F. J. 2002. Cloning of thioredoxin h reductase and characterization of the thioredoxin reductase-thioredoxin h system from wheat. Biochem. J. 367:491-497.
95. Serrato, A. J., Pérez-Ruiz, J. M., Spínola, M. C., and Cejudo, F. J. 2004. A novel NADPH thioredoxin reductase, localized in the chloroplast, which deficiency causes hypersensitivity to abiotic stress in Arabidopsis thaliana. J. Biol. Chem. 279:43821-43827.
96. Serrato, A. J., Guilleminot, J., Meyer, Y., and Florence Vignols, F. 2008. AtCXXS: Atypical members of the Arabidopsis thaliana thioredoxin h family with a remarkably high disulfide isomerase activity. Physiol. Plant. 133:611-622.
97. Shahpiri, A., Svensson, B., and Finnie, C. 2008. The NADPH-dependent thioredoxin reductase/thioredoxin system in germinating barley seeds: Gene expression, protein profiles, and interactions between isoforms of thioredoxin h and thioredoxin reductase. Plant Physiol. 146:789-799.
98. Shewry, P. R., and Tatham, A. S. 1997. Disulphide bonds in wheat gluten proteins. J. Cereal Sci. 25:207-227.
99. Shi, J., and. Bhattacharyya, M. K. 1996. A novel plasma membrane-bound thioredoxin from soybean. Plant Mol. Biol. 32:653-662.
100. Traverso, J. A., Vignols, F., Cazalis, R., Pulido, A., Sahrawy, M., Cejudo, F. J., Meyer, Y., and Chueca, A. 2007. PsTRXh1 and PsTRXh2 are both pea h-type thioredoxins with antagonistic behavior in redox imbalances. Plant Physiol. 143:300-311.
101. Traverso, J. A., Vignols, F., Cazalis, R., Serrato, A. J., Pulido, P., Sahrawy, M., Meyer, Y., Cejudo, F. J., and Chueca, A. 2008. Immunocytochemical localization of Pisum sativum TRXs f and m in non-photosynthetic tissues J. Exp. Bot. 59:1267-1277.
102. Trost, P., Fermani, S., Marri, L., Zaffagnini, M., Falini, G., Scagliarini, S., Pupillo, P., and Sparla, F. 2006. Thioredoxin-dependent regulation of photosynthetic glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase: autonomous vs. CP12-dependent mechanisms. Photosynth. Res. 89:263-275.
103. Verdoucq, L., Vignols, F., Jacquot, J. P., Hartier, Y., and Meyer, Y. 1999. In vivo characterization of a thioredoxin h target protein defines a new peroxiredoxin family. J. Biol. Chem. 274:19714-19722.
104. Vieira Dos Santos, C., Laugier, E., Tarrago, L., Massot, V., Issakidis-Bourguet, E., Rouhier, N., and Rey, P. 2007. Specificity of thioredoxins and glutaredoxins as electron donors to two distinct classes of Arabidopsis plastidial methionine sulfoxide reductases b. FEBS Lett. 581:4371-4376.
105. Vignols, F., Bréhélin, C., Surdin-Kerjan, Y., Thomas, D., and Meyer, Y. 2005. A yeast two-hybrid knockout strain to explore thioredoxin-interacting proteins in vivo. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 102:16729-16734.
106. Wedel, N., Soll, J., and Paap, B. K. 1997. CP12 provides a new mode of light regulation of Calvin cycle activity in higher plants. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 94:10479-10484.
107. Weichel, M., Glaser, A. G., Ballmer-Weber, B. K., Schmid-Grendelmeier, P., and Crameri, R. 2006. Wheat and maize thioredoxins: A novel cross-reactive cereal allergen family related to baker's asthma. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 117:676-681.
108. Weichsel, A., Gasdaska, J. R., Powis, G., and Montfort, W. R. 1996. Crystal structures of reduced, oxidized, and mutated human thioredoxins: evidence for a regulatory homodimer. Structure 4:735-751.
109. Williams, C. H., Arscott, L. D., Müller, S., Lennon, B. W., Ludwig, M. L., Wang, P.-F., Veine, D. M., Becker, K., and Schirmer, R. H. 2000. Thioredoxin reductase. Two modes of catalysis have evolved. Eur. J. Biochem. 267:6110-6117.
110. Wong, J. H., Kobrehel, K., Nimbona, C., Yee, B. C., Balogh, A., Kiss, F., and Buchanan, B. B. 1993. Thioredoxin and bread wheat. Cereal Chem. 70:113-114.
111. Wong, J. H., Jiao, J.-A., Kobrehel, K., and Buchanan, B. B. 1995. Thioredoxin-dependent deinhibition of pullulanase of barley malt by inactivation of a specific inhibitor protein. Plant Physiol. 108:67.
112. Wong, J. H., Kim, Y. B., Ren, P-S., Cai, N., Cho, M.-J., Heden, P., Lemaux, P. G., and Buchanan, B. B. 2002. Transgenic barley grain overexpressing thioredoxin shows evidence of communication between the endosperm and the embryo and aleurone. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 99:16325-16330.
113. Wong, J. H., Balmer, Y., Cai, N., Tanaka, C. K., Vensel, W. H., Hurkman, W. J., and Buchanan, B. B. 2003. Unraveling thioredoxin linked metabolic processes of cereal starchy endosperm using proteomics. FEBS Lett. 547:151-156.
114. Wong, J. H., Cai, N., Tanaka, C. K., Vensel, W. H., Hurkman, W. J., and Buchanan, B. B. 2004. Thioredoxin reduction alters the solubility of proteins of wheat starchy endosperm: An early event in cereal germination. Plant Cell Physiol. 45:407-415.
115. Yamanaka, H., Maehira, F., Oshiro, M., Asato, T., Yanagawa, V., Takei, H., and Nakashima, Y. 2000. A possible interaction of thioredoxin with VDUP1 in HeLa cells detected in a yeast two-hybrid system Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 271:796-500.
116. Yamazaki, D., Motohashi, K., Kasama, T., Hara, Y., and Hisabori, T. 2004. Target proteins of the cytosolic thioredoxins in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Cell. Physiol. 45:18-27.
117. Yano, H., Wong, J. H., Cho, M.-J., and Buchanan, B. B. 2001a. Redox changes accompanying the degradation of seed storage proteins in germinating rice. Plant Cell Physiol. 42:879-883.
118. Yano, H., Wong, J. H., Lee, Y. M., Cho, M.-J., and Buchanan, B. B. 2001b. A strategy for the identification of proteins targeted by thioredoxin. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 98:4794-4799.
119. Zahid, A., Gabarrou, J.-F., and Cazalis, R. 2008. Reducing and cross-linking wheat seed storage proteins with thioredoxin h. In: Consumer Driven Cereal Innovation: Where Science Meets Industry. ICC: Vienna.