메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 89, Issue 6, 2008, Pages 855-864

The consequences of not knowing low- and high-latitude Climate sensitivity

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CLIMATE SENSITIVITY; GLOBAL CLIMATES;

EID: 49249122249     PISSN: 00030007     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1175/2007BAMS2520.1     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (30)

References (68)
  • 1
    • 24044553940 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polar amplification of surface warming on an aquaplanet in "ghost forcing" experiments without sea ice feedbacks
    • Alexeev, V. A., P. L. Langen, and J. R. Bates, 2005: Polar amplification of surface warming on an aquaplanet in "ghost forcing" experiments without sea ice feedbacks. Climate Dyn., 24, 655-666.
    • (2005) Climate Dyn , vol.24 , pp. 655-666
    • Alexeev, V.A.1    Langen, P.L.2    Bates, J.R.3
  • 2
    • 33747500599 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sensitivity of global warming to the pattern of torpical ocean warming
    • Barsugli, J. J., S.-I. Shin, and P. D. Sardeshmukh, 2006: Sensitivity of global warming to the pattern of torpical ocean warming. Climate Dyn., 26, 483-492.
    • (2006) Climate Dyn , vol.26 , pp. 483-492
    • Barsugli, J.J.1    Shin, S.-I.2    Sardeshmukh, P.D.3
  • 3
  • 5
    • 33645824121 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How well do we understand and evaluate climate change feedback processes?
    • Bony, S., and Coauthors, 2006: How well do we understand and evaluate climate change feedback processes? J. Climate, 19, 3445-3482.
    • (2006) J. Climate , vol.19 , pp. 3445-3482
    • Bony, S.1
  • 6
    • 33645986481 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dynamical greenhouse-plus feedback and polar warming amplification. Part I: A dry radiative-transportive climate model
    • Cai, M., 2006: Dynamical greenhouse-plus feedback and polar warming amplification. Part I: A dry radiative-transportive climate model. Climate Dyn., 26, 661-675.
    • (2006) Climate Dyn , vol.26 , pp. 661-675
    • Cai, M.1
  • 7
    • 0028184613 scopus 로고
    • Glacial-interglacial changes in moisture sources for Greenland: Influences on the ice core record
    • Charles, C. D., D. Rind, J. Jouzel, R. Koster, and R. G. Fairbanks, 1994: Glacial-interglacial changes in moisture sources for Greenland: Influences on the ice core record. Science, 263, 508-510.
    • (1994) Science , vol.263 , pp. 508-510
    • Charles, C.D.1    Rind, D.2    Jouzel, J.3    Koster, R.4    Fairbanks, R.G.5
  • 8
    • 0006922333 scopus 로고
    • Carbon Dioxide and Climate: A Scientific Assessment
    • 22 pp
    • Charney, J. G., and Coauthors, 1979: Carbon Dioxide and Climate: A Scientific Assessment. National Academy of Sciences, 22 pp.
    • (1979) National Academy of Sciences
    • Charney, J.G.1
  • 9
    • 0036468676 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence for strengthening of the tropical generation circulation in the 1990s
    • Chen, J., B. E. Carlson, and A. D. DelGenio, 2002: Evidence for strengthening of the tropical generation circulation in the 1990s. Science, 295, 838-841.
    • (2002) Science , vol.295 , pp. 838-841
    • Chen, J.1    Carlson, B.E.2    DelGenio, A.D.3
  • 10
    • 33746393235 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Greenland warming of 1920-1930 and 1995-2005
    • doi:10.1029/2006GL026510
    • Chylek, P., M. K. Dubey, and G. Lesins, 2006: Greenland warming of 1920-1930 and 1995-2005. Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L11707, doi:10.1029/2006GL026510.
    • (2006) Geophys. Res. Lett , vol.33
    • Chylek, P.1    Dubey, M.K.2    Lesins, G.3
  • 11
    • 26844475767 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The sensitivity of the tropical-mean radiation budget
    • Clement, A. C., and B. Soden, 2005: The sensitivity of the tropical-mean radiation budget. J. Climate, 18, 3189-3203.
    • (2005) J. Climate , vol.18 , pp. 3189-3203
    • Clement, A.C.1    Soden, B.2
  • 12
    • 0003852758 scopus 로고
    • Seasonal Reconstruction of the Earth's Surface at the Last Glacial Maximum
    • CLIMAP, Geological Society of America
    • CLIMAP, 1981: Seasonal Reconstruction of the Earth's Surface at the Last Glacial Maximum. Map and Chart Series Vol. 36, Geological Society of America.
    • (1981) Map and Chart Series , vol.36
  • 13
    • 0035862128 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of the Siberian high in Northern Hemisphere climate variability
    • Cohen, J., K. Saito, and D. Entekhabi, 2001: The role of the Siberian high in Northern Hemisphere climate variability. Geophys. Res. Lett., 28, 299-302.
    • (2001) Geophys. Res. Lett , vol.28 , pp. 299-302
    • Cohen, J.1    Saito, K.2    Entekhabi, D.3
  • 14
    • 0037095826 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A dynamical framework to understand and predict the major Northern Hemisphere mode
    • doi:10.1029/2001GL014117
    • Cohen, J., D. Salstein, and K. Saito, 2002: A dynamical framework to understand and predict the major Northern Hemisphere mode. Geophys. Res. Lett., 29, 1412, doi:10.1029/2001GL014117.
    • (2002) Geophys. Res. Lett , vol.29 , pp. 1412
    • Cohen, J.1    Salstein, D.2    Saito, K.3
  • 15
    • 0029729061 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Middle Pliocene sea surface temperatures: A global reconstruction
    • Dowsett, H., J. Barron, and R. Poore, 1996: Middle Pliocene sea surface temperatures: A global reconstruction. Mar. Micropaleontol., 27, 13-25.
    • (1996) Mar. Micropaleontol , vol.27 , pp. 13-25
    • Dowsett, H.1    Barron, J.2    Poore, R.3
  • 16
    • 4143077644 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2 forcing as simulated by global climate models
    • 2 forcing as simulated by global climate models. Climate Dyn., 23, 229-241.
    • (2004) Climate Dyn , vol.23 , pp. 229-241
    • Flato, G.1
  • 17
    • 33845563044 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New insight into the disappearing Arctic sea ice
    • Francis, J. A., and E. Hunter, 2006: New insight into the disappearing Arctic sea ice. Eos, Trans. Amer. Geophys. Union, 87, 509-511.
    • (2006) Eos, Trans. Amer. Geophys. Union , vol.87 , pp. 509-511
    • Francis, J.A.1    Hunter, E.2
  • 18
    • 33744461291 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enhanced mid-latitude tropospheric warming in satellite measurements
    • Fu, Q., C. M. Johanson, J. M. Wallace, and T. Reichler, 2006: Enhanced mid-latitude tropospheric warming in satellite measurements. Science, 312, 1179.
    • (2006) Science , vol.312 , pp. 1179
    • Fu, Q.1    Johanson, C.M.2    Wallace, J.M.3    Reichler, T.4
  • 19
    • 85081148572 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An important constraint on tropical cloud-climate feedback
    • doi:10.1029/2002GL015835
    • Hartmann, D. L., and K. Larson, 2002: An important constraint on tropical cloud-climate feedback. Geophys. Res. Lett., 29, 1951, doi:10.1029/2002GL015835.
    • (2002) Geophys. Res. Lett , vol.29 , pp. 1951
    • Hartmann, D.L.1    Larson, K.2
  • 20
    • 26244435015 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Warmer tropics during the mid-Pliocene? Evidence from alkenone paleothermometry and a fully coupled ocean-atmosphere GCM
    • doi:10.1029/2004GC000799
    • Haywood, A. M., P. Dekends, A. C. Ravelo, and M. Williams, 2005: Warmer tropics during the mid-Pliocene? Evidence from alkenone paleothermometry and a fully coupled ocean-atmosphere GCM. Geochem. Geophys. Geosys., 6, Q03010, doi:10.1029/2004GC000799.
    • (2005) Geochem. Geophys. Geosys , vol.6
    • Haywood, A.M.1    Dekends, P.2    Ravelo, A.C.3    Williams, M.4
  • 21
    • 0142137724 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polar amplification of climate change in coupled models
    • Holland, M. M., and C. M. Bitz, 2003: Polar amplification of climate change in coupled models. Climate Dyn., 21, 221-232.
    • (2003) Climate Dyn , vol.21 , pp. 221-232
    • Holland, M.M.1    Bitz, C.M.2
  • 22
    • 0036770853 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tropical and extratropical SST effects on the midlatitude storm track
    • Inatsu, M., H. Mukougawa, and S-P. Xie, 2002: Tropical and extratropical SST effects on the midlatitude storm track. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 80, 1069-1076.
    • (2002) J. Meteor. Soc. Japan , vol.80 , pp. 1069-1076
    • Inatsu, M.1    Mukougawa, H.2    Xie, S.-P.3
  • 24
    • 33645990919 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in winter cyclone frequencies and strengths simulated in enhanced greenhouse warming experiments: Results from the models participating in the IPCC diagnostic exercise
    • Lambert, S. J. and J. C. Fyfe, 2006: Changes in winter cyclone frequencies and strengths simulated in enhanced greenhouse warming experiments: results from the models participating in the IPCC diagnostic exercise. Climate Dyn., 26, 713-728.
    • (2006) Climate Dyn , vol.26 , pp. 713-728
    • Lambert, S.J.1    Fyfe, J.C.2
  • 25
    • 0033172679 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of clouds, water vapor, circulation, and boundary layer structure in the sensitivity of the tropical climate
    • Larson, K., and S. A. Klein, 1999: The role of clouds, water vapor, circulation, and boundary layer structure in the sensitivity of the tropical climate. J. Climate, 12, 2357-2374.
    • (1999) J. Climate , vol.12 , pp. 2357-2374
    • Larson, K.1    Klein, S.A.2
  • 26
  • 27
    • 34249907055 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expansion of the Hadley cell under global warming
    • doi:10.1029/2006GL028443
    • Lu, J., G. A. Vecchi, and T. Reichler, 2007: Expansion of the Hadley cell under global warming. Geophys. Res. Lett., 34, L06805, doi:10.1029/2006GL028443.
    • (2007) Geophys. Res. Lett , vol.34
    • Lu, J.1    Vecchi, G.A.2    Reichler, T.3
  • 28
    • 33644669342 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Past and future polar amplification of climate change: Climate model intercomparisons and ice-core constraints
    • Masson-Delmotte, V., and Coauthors, 2006: Past and future polar amplification of climate change: Climate model intercomparisons and ice-core constraints. Climate Dyn., 26, 513-529.
    • (2006) Climate Dyn , vol.26 , pp. 513-529
    • Masson-Delmotte, V.1
  • 29
    • 33646380970 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2 doubling in a multimodel ensemble
    • 2 doubling in a multimodel ensemble. J. Climate, 19, 4009-4027.
    • (2006) J. Climate , vol.19 , pp. 4009-4027
    • Merryfield, W.1
  • 30
    • 33748317132 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multimodel analysis of the water vapor feedback in the tropical upper troposphere
    • Minschwaner, K., A. E. Dessler, and P. Sawaengphokhai, 2006: Multimodel analysis of the water vapor feedback in the tropical upper troposphere. J. Climate, 19, 5455-5464.
    • (2006) J. Climate , vol.19 , pp. 5455-5464
    • Minschwaner, K.1    Dessler, A.E.2    Sawaengphokhai, P.3
  • 31
    • 17744400492 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Has the Hadley cell been strengthening in recent decades?
    • doi:10.1029/2004GL021765
    • Mitas, C. M., and A. Clement, 2005: Has the Hadley cell been strengthening in recent decades? Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L03809, doi:10.1029/2004GL021765.
    • (2005) Geophys. Res. Lett , vol.32
    • Mitas, C.M.1    Clement, A.2
  • 32
    • 0029412925 scopus 로고
    • Thermostats, radiator fins, and the local runaway greenhouse
    • Pierrehumbert, R. T., 1995: Thermostats, radiator fins, and the local runaway greenhouse. J. Atmos. Sci., 52, 4537-4540.
    • (1995) J. Atmos. Sci , vol.52 , pp. 4537-4540
    • Pierrehumbert, R.T.1
  • 33
    • 0242501553 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Observationally based assessment of polar amplification of global warming
    • doi:10.1029/2001GL011111
    • Polyakov, I. V., and Coauthors, 2002: Observationally based assessment of polar amplification of global warming. Geophys. Res. Lett., 29, 1878, doi:10.1029/2001GL011111.
    • (2002) Geophys. Res. Lett , vol.29 , pp. 1878
    • Polyakov, I.V.1
  • 34
    • 0024571868 scopus 로고
    • Cloud-radiative forcing and climate: Results from the Earth Radiation Budget Experiment
    • Ramanathan, V., R. D. Cess, E. F. Harrison, P. Minnis, B. R. Barkstrom, and D. L. Hartmann, 1989: Cloud-radiative forcing and climate: Results from the Earth Radiation Budget Experiment. Science, 243, 57-63.
    • (1989) Science , vol.243 , pp. 57-63
    • Ramanathan, V.1    Cess, R.D.2    Harrison, E.F.3    Minnis, P.4    Barkstrom, B.R.5    Hartmann, D.L.6
  • 35
    • 0037692715 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Confronting models with data: The GEWEX Cloud Systems Study
    • Randall, D., and Coauthors, 2003: Confronting models with data: The GEWEX Cloud Systems Study. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 84, 455-469.
    • (2003) Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc , vol.84 , pp. 455-469
    • Randall, D.1
  • 36
    • 0029728968 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mid-Pliocene warmth: Stronger greenhouse and stronger conveyor
    • Raymo, M. E., B. Grant, M. Horowitz, and G. H. Rau, 1996: Mid-Pliocene warmth: Stronger greenhouse and stronger conveyor. Mar. Micropaleontol., 27, 313-326.
    • (1996) Mar. Micropaleontol , vol.27 , pp. 313-326
    • Raymo, M.E.1    Grant, B.2    Horowitz, M.3    Rau, G.H.4
  • 37
    • 0022923656 scopus 로고
    • The dynanucs of warm and cold climates
    • Rind, D., 1986: The dynanucs of warm and cold climates. J. Atmos. Sci., 43, 3-24.
    • (1986) J. Atmos. Sci , vol.43 , pp. 3-24
    • Rind, D.1
  • 38
    • 0023528905 scopus 로고
    • 2 climate: Impact of the sea surface temperature gradient
    • 2 climate: Impact of the sea surface temperature gradient. J. Atmos. Sci., 44, 3235-3268.
    • (1987) J. Atmos. Sci , vol.44 , pp. 3235-3268
    • Rind, D.1
  • 39
    • 0032571207 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Latitudinal temperature gradient and climate change
    • Rind, D., 1998: Latitudinal temperature gradient and climate change. J. Geophys. Res., 103, 5943-5971.
    • (1998) J. Geophys. Res , vol.103 , pp. 5943-5971
    • Rind, D.1
  • 40
    • 0021639884 scopus 로고
    • The effects of physical processes on the Hadley circulation
    • Rind, D., and W. Rossow, 1984: The effects of physical processes on the Hadley circulation. J. Atmos. Sci., 41, 479-507.
    • (1984) J. Atmos. Sci , vol.41 , pp. 479-507
    • Rind, D.1    Rossow, W.2
  • 41
    • 0022179249 scopus 로고
    • Terrestrial conditions at the last glacial maximum and CLIMAP sea-surface temperature estimates: Are they consistent?
    • Rind, D., and D. Peteet, 1985: Terrestrial conditions at the last glacial maximum and CLIMAP sea-surface temperature estimates: Are they consistent? Quat. Res., 24, 1-22.
    • (1985) Quat. Res , vol.24 , pp. 1-22
    • Rind, D.1    Peteet, D.2
  • 42
    • 0026288771 scopus 로고
    • Increased ocean heat transports and warmer climate
    • Rind, D., and M. Chandler, 1991: Increased ocean heat transports and warmer climate. J. Geophys. Res., 96, 7436-7461.
    • (1991) J. Geophys. Res , vol.96 , pp. 7436-7461
    • Rind, D.1    Chandler, M.2
  • 43
    • 49249119442 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rind, D., and J. Perlwitz, 2004: The response of the Hadley circulation to climate changes, past and future. The Hadley Circulation: Present, Past and Future, H. F. Diaz and R. S. Bradley, Eds., Advances in Global Change Research, 21, Springer, 511 pp.
    • Rind, D., and J. Perlwitz, 2004: The response of the Hadley circulation to climate changes, past and future. The Hadley Circulation: Present, Past and Future, H. F. Diaz and R. S. Bradley, Eds., Advances in Global Change Research, Vol. 21, Springer, 511 pp.
  • 44
    • 0025585394 scopus 로고
    • Potential evapotranspiration and the likelihood of future drought
    • 9983-10 004
    • Rind, D., R. Goldbert, J. Hansen, C. Rosenzweig, and R. Ruedy, 1990: Potential evapotranspiration and the likelihood of future drought. J. Geophys. Res., 95, 9983-10 004.
    • (1990) J. Geophys. Res , vol.95
    • Rind, D.1    Goldbert, R.2    Hansen, J.3    Rosenzweig, C.4    Ruedy, R.5
  • 45
    • 0029527164 scopus 로고
    • 2 climate model sensitivity. Part I: The total influence of sea ice thickness and extent
    • 2 climate model sensitivity. Part I: The total influence of sea ice thickness and extent. J. Climate, 8, 449-463.
    • (1995) J. Climate , vol.8 , pp. 449-463
    • Rind, D.1    Healy, R.2    Parkinson, C.3    Martinson, D.4
  • 46
    • 0031171109 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2 climate model sensitivity: Part II: Hemisphere dependence of sea ice thickness and extent
    • 2 climate model sensitivity: Part II: Hemisphere dependence of sea ice thickness and extent. Geophys. Res. Lett., 24, 1491-1494.
    • (1997) Geophys. Res. Lett , vol.24 , pp. 1491-1494
    • Rind, D.1    Healy, R.2    Parkinson, C.3    Martinson, D.4
  • 48
    • 0034782153 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climate change in the Middle Atmosphere: Part V: The paleostratosphere in warm and cold climates
    • Rind, D., P. Lonergan, J. Lerner, and M. Chandler, 2001a: Climate change in the Middle Atmosphere: Part V: The paleostratosphere in warm and cold climates. J. Geophys. Res., 106, 20 195-20 212.
    • (2001) J. Geophys. Res , vol.106
    • Rind, D.1    Lonergan, P.2    Lerner, J.3    Chandler, M.4
  • 49
    • 0034773901 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climate response to basin-specific changes in latitudinal temperature gradients and implications for sea ice variability
    • Rind, D., M. Chandler, J. Lerner, D. G. Martinson, and X. Yuan, 2001b: Climate response to basin-specific changes in latitudinal temperature gradients and implications for sea ice variability. J. Geophys. Res., 106, 20 161-20 173.
    • (2001) J. Geophys. Res , vol.106
    • Rind, D.1    Chandler, M.2    Lerner, J.3    Martinson, D.G.4    Yuan, X.5
  • 51
    • 23244442668 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • AO/NAO response to climate change: 1. Respective influences of stratospheric and tropospheric climate changes
    • doi:10.1029/2004JD005103
    • Rind, D., J. Lerner, and P. Lonergan, 2005a: AO/NAO response to climate change: 1. Respective influences of stratospheric and tropospheric climate changes. J. Geophys. Res., 110, D12107, doi:10.1029/2004JD005103.
    • (2005) J. Geophys. Res , vol.110
    • Rind, D.1    Lerner, J.2    Lonergan, P.3
  • 52
    • 23244434813 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • AO/NAO response to climate change: 2. Relative importance of low- and high-latitude temperature changes
    • doi:10.1029/2004JD005686
    • Rind, D., J. Lerner, P. Lonergan, and J. Lerner, 2005b: AO/NAO response to climate change: 2. Relative importance of low- and high-latitude temperature changes. J. Geophys. Res., 110, D12108, doi:10.1029/2004JD005686.
    • (2005) J. Geophys. Res , vol.110
    • Rind, D.1    Lerner, J.2    Lonergan, P.3    Lerner, J.4
  • 53
    • 0032499232 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased polar stratospheric ozone losses and delayed eventual recovery owing to increasing greenhouse-gas concentrations
    • Shindell, D., D. Rind, and P. Lonergan, 1998: Increased polar stratospheric ozone losses and delayed eventual recovery owing to increasing greenhouse-gas concentrations. Nature, 392, 589-592.
    • (1998) Nature , vol.392 , pp. 589-592
    • Shindell, D.1    Rind, D.2    Lonergan, P.3
  • 54
    • 0033519653 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simulations of recent northern winter climate trends by greenhouse-gas forcing
    • Shindell, D., R. L. Miller, G. Schmidt, and G. Pandolfo, 1999: Simulations of recent northern winter climate trends by greenhouse-gas forcing. Nature, 399, 452-455.
    • (1999) Nature , vol.399 , pp. 452-455
    • Shindell, D.1    Miller, R.L.2    Schmidt, G.3    Pandolfo, G.4
  • 55
    • 49249107134 scopus 로고
    • Carbon Dioxide and Climate: A Second Assessment
    • 72 pp
    • Smagorinsky, J., and Coauthors, 1982: Carbon Dioxide and Climate: A Second Assessment. National Academy of Sciences, 72 pp.
    • (1982) National Academy of Sciences
    • Smagorinsky, J.1
  • 57
    • 34247370602 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Solomon, S, D. Qin, M. Manning, Z. Chen, M. Marquis, K. B. Avery, M. Tignor, and H. L. Miller, Eds, Cambridge University Press, 996 pp
    • Solomon, S., D. Qin, M. Manning, Z. Chen, M. Marquis, K. B. Avery, M. Tignor, and H. L. Miller, Eds., 2007: Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Cambridge University Press, 996 pp.
    • (2007) Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis
  • 58
    • 0036994078 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The CloudSat mission and the A-Train: A new dimension of space-based observations of clouds and precipitation
    • Stephens, G. L., and Coauthors, 2002: The CloudSat mission and the A-Train: A new dimension of space-based observations of clouds and precipitation. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 83, 1771-1790.
    • (2002) Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc , vol.83 , pp. 1771-1790
    • Stephens, G.L.1
  • 59
    • 0032076790 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Arctic Oscillation signature in the wintertime geopotential height and temperature fields
    • Thompson, D. W. J., and J. M. Wallace, 1998: The Arctic Oscillation signature in the wintertime geopotential height and temperature fields. Geophys. Res. Lett., 25, 1297-1300.
    • (1998) Geophys. Res. Lett , vol.25 , pp. 1297-1300
    • Thompson, D.W.J.1    Wallace, J.M.2
  • 60
    • 0033876462 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Annular modes in the extratropical circulation. Part I: Month-to-month variability
    • Thompson, D. W. J., and J. M. Wallace, 2000: Annular modes in the extratropical circulation. Part I: Month-to-month variability. J. Climate, 13, 1000-1016.
    • (2000) J. Climate , vol.13 , pp. 1000-1016
    • Thompson, D.W.J.1    Wallace, J.M.2
  • 61
    • 0032412980 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Temperature dependence of low cloud optical thickness in the GISS GCM: Contributing mechanisms and climate implications
    • Tselioudis, G., A. Del Genio, W. Kovari Jr., and M. S. Yao, 1998: Temperature dependence of low cloud optical thickness in the GISS GCM: Contributing mechanisms and climate implications. J. Climate, 11, 3268-3281.
    • (1998) J. Climate , vol.11 , pp. 3268-3281
    • Tselioudis, G.1    Del Genio, A.2    Kovari Jr., W.3    Yao, M.S.4
  • 62
    • 33846877118 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global warming and the weakening of the tropical circulation
    • Vecchi, G. A., and B. J. Soden, 2007: Global warming and the weakening of the tropical circulation. J. Climate, 20, 4316-4340.
    • (2007) J. Climate , vol.20 , pp. 4316-4340
    • Vecchi, G.A.1    Soden, B.J.2
  • 63
    • 29244474948 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Agricultural drought in a future climate: Results from 15 global climate models participating in the IPCC 4th assessment
    • Wang, G., 2005: Agricultural drought in a future climate: Results from 15 global climate models participating in the IPCC 4th assessment. Climate Dyn., 25, 739-753.
    • (2005) Climate Dyn , vol.25 , pp. 739-753
    • Wang, G.1
  • 64
    • 23044489603 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Permanent El Niño conditions during the Pliocene warm period
    • Wara, M., A. C. Ravelo, and M. L. Delaney, 2005: Permanent El Niño conditions during the Pliocene warm period. Science, 309, 758-761.
    • (2005) Science , vol.309 , pp. 758-761
    • Wara, M.1    Ravelo, A.C.2    Delaney, M.L.3
  • 65
    • 0030621062 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of ocean heat transport on the climate of the Last Glacial Maximum
    • Webb, R. S., S. J. Lehman, D. Rind, R. Healy, and D. Sigman, 1997: Influence of ocean heat transport on the climate of the Last Glacial Maximum. Nature, 385, 695-699.
    • (1997) Nature , vol.385 , pp. 695-699
    • Webb, R.S.1    Lehman, S.J.2    Rind, D.3    Healy, R.4    Sigman, D.5
  • 66
    • 33644666197 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the contribution of local feedback mechanisms to the range of climate sensitivity in two GCM ensembles
    • Webb, M. J., and Coauthors, 2006: On the contribution of local feedback mechanisms to the range of climate sensitivity in two GCM ensembles. Climate Dyn., 27, 17-38.
    • (2006) Climate Dyn , vol.27 , pp. 17-38
    • Webb, M.J.1
  • 67
    • 33645211541 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Surface albedo feedback estimates for the AR4 climate models
    • Winton, M., 2006: Surface albedo feedback estimates for the AR4 climate models. J. Climate, 19, 359-365.
    • (2006) J. Climate , vol.19 , pp. 359-365
    • Winton, M.1
  • 68
    • 27744475160 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A consistent poleward shift of the storm tracks in the simulations of 21st century climate
    • doi:10.1029/2005GL023684
    • Yin, J. H., 2005: A consistent poleward shift of the storm tracks in the simulations of 21st century climate. Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L18701, doi:10.1029/2005GL023684.
    • (2005) Geophys. Res. Lett , vol.32
    • Yin, J.H.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.