메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 20, Issue 17, 2007, Pages 4316-4340

Global warming and the weakening of the tropical circulation

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ATMOSPHERIC MOVEMENTS; ATMOSPHERIC TEMPERATURE; ATMOSPHERIC THERMODYNAMICS; GREENHOUSE GASES; SEA LEVEL;

EID: 33846877118     PISSN: 08948755     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1175/JCLI4258.1     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (1045)

References (105)
  • 1
    • 18544387786 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Constraints on future changes in the hydrological cycle
    • Allen, M. R., and W. J. Ingram, 2002: Constraints on future changes in the hydrological cycle. Nature, 419, 224-228.
    • (2002) Nature , vol.419 , pp. 224-228
    • Allen, M.R.1    Ingram, W.J.2
  • 2
    • 34548037899 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Observed temperature trends in the Indian Ocean over 1960-1999 and associated mechanisms
    • doi:10.1029/2006GL028044
    • Alory, G., S. Wijffels, and G. Meyers, 2007: Observed temperature trends in the Indian Ocean over 1960-1999 and associated mechanisms. Geophys. Res. Lett., 34, L02606, doi:10.1029/2006GL028044.
    • (2007) Geophys. Res. Lett , vol.34
    • Alory, G.1    Wijffels, S.2    Meyers, G.3
  • 3
    • 0034209939 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interdecadal change of the structure of the ENSO mode and its impact on ENSO frequency
    • An, S.-I., and B. Wang, 2000: Interdecadal change of the structure of the ENSO mode and its impact on ENSO frequency. J. Climate, 13, 2044-2055.
    • (2000) J. Climate , vol.13 , pp. 2044-2055
    • An, S.-I.1    Wang, B.2
  • 4
    • 0004885105 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climate-convection feedbacks: Some further issues
    • Betts, A. K., 1998: Climate-convection feedbacks: Some further issues. Climatic Change, 39, 35-38.
    • (1998) Climatic Change , vol.39 , pp. 35-38
    • Betts, A.K.1
  • 5
    • 0024784970 scopus 로고
    • Climatic equilibrium of the atmospheric convective boundary layer over a tropical ocean
    • Betts, A. K., and W. Ridgway, 1989: Climatic equilibrium of the atmospheric convective boundary layer over a tropical ocean. J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 2621-2641.
    • (1989) J. Atmos. Sci , vol.46 , pp. 2621-2641
    • Betts, A.K.1    Ridgway, W.2
  • 7
    • 0027799971 scopus 로고
    • Climate change and the regulation of the surface moisture and energy budgets
    • Boer, G. J., 1993: Climate change and the regulation of the surface moisture and energy budgets. Climate Dyn., 8, 225-239.
    • (1993) Climate Dyn , vol.8 , pp. 225-239
    • Boer, G.J.1
  • 8
    • 28944450038 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Marine boundary layer clouds at the heart of tropical cloud feedback uncertainties in climate models
    • doi:10.1029/2005GL023851
    • Bony, S., and J.-L. Dufresne, 2005: Marine boundary layer clouds at the heart of tropical cloud feedback uncertainties in climate models. Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L20806, doi:10.1029/2005GL023851.
    • (2005) Geophys. Res. Lett , vol.32
    • Bony, S.1    Dufresne, J.-L.2
  • 10
    • 0000492412 scopus 로고
    • The response of an equatorial ocean to simple wind stress patterns. II: Numerical results
    • Cane, M. A., 1979: The response of an equatorial ocean to simple wind stress patterns. II: Numerical results. J. Mar. Res., 37, 253-299.
    • (1979) J. Mar. Res , vol.37 , pp. 253-299
    • Cane, M.A.1
  • 11
    • 0000128819 scopus 로고
    • Forced baroclinic ocean motions. Part II: The linear equatorial bounded case
    • Cane, M. A., and E. S. Sarachik, 1977: Forced baroclinic ocean motions. Part II: The linear equatorial bounded case. J. Mar. Res., 35, 395-432.
    • (1977) J. Mar. Res , vol.35 , pp. 395-432
    • Cane, M.A.1    Sarachik, E.S.2
  • 13
    • 33748780662 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spatial and temporal structure of tropical Pacific interannual variability in 20th century coupled simulations
    • Capotondi, A., A. T. Wittenberg, and S. Masina, 2006: Spatial and temporal structure of tropical Pacific interannual variability in 20th century coupled simulations. Ocean Modell., 15, 274-298.
    • (2006) Ocean Modell , vol.15 , pp. 274-298
    • Capotondi, A.1    Wittenberg, A.T.2    Masina, S.3
  • 14
    • 3042729270 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of global warming impacts on regional tropical precipitation
    • Chou, C., and J. D. Neelin, 2004: Mechanisms of global warming impacts on regional tropical precipitation. J. Climate, 17, 2688-2701.
    • (2004) J. Climate , vol.17 , pp. 2688-2701
    • Chou, C.1    Neelin, J.D.2
  • 15
    • 0030517156 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term changes in equatorial Pacific trade winds
    • Clarke, A. J., and A. Lebedev, 1996: Long-term changes in equatorial Pacific trade winds. J. Climate, 9, 1020-1029.
    • (1996) J. Climate , vol.9 , pp. 1020-1029
    • Clarke, A.J.1    Lebedev, A.2
  • 16
    • 0031177727 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interannual and decadal changes in equatorial wind stress in the Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific Oceans and the eastern ocean coastal response
    • Clarke, A. J., and A. Lebedev, 1997: Interannual and decadal changes in equatorial wind stress in the Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific Oceans and the eastern ocean coastal response. J. Climate, 10, 1722-1729.
    • (1997) J. Climate , vol.10 , pp. 1722-1729
    • Clarke, A.J.1    Lebedev, A.2
  • 17
    • 0033493974 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climate and the tropical oceans
    • Clement, A., and R. Seager, 1999: Climate and the tropical oceans. J. Climate, 12, 3383-3401.
    • (1999) J. Climate , vol.12 , pp. 3383-3401
    • Clement, A.1    Seager, R.2
  • 19
    • 0035365082 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A central tropical Pacific coral demonstrates Pacific, Indian, and Atlantic decadal climate connections
    • Cobb, K. M., C. D. Charles, and D. E. Hunter, 2001: A central tropical Pacific coral demonstrates Pacific, Indian, and Atlantic decadal climate connections. Geophys. Res. Lett., 28, 2209-2212.
    • (2001) Geophys. Res. Lett , vol.28 , pp. 2209-2212
    • Cobb, K.M.1    Charles, C.D.2    Hunter, D.E.3
  • 20
    • 0042593383 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • El Niño/Southern Oscillation and tropical Pacific climate during the last millennium
    • Cobb, K. M., C. D. Charles, H. Cheng, and R. L. Edwards, 2003: El Niño/Southern Oscillation and tropical Pacific climate during the last millennium. Nature, 424, 271-276.
    • (2003) Nature , vol.424 , pp. 271-276
    • Cobb, K.M.1    Charles, C.D.2    Cheng, H.3    Edwards, R.L.4
  • 21
    • 33744490657 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Community Climate System Model version 3 (CCSM3)
    • Collins, W. D., and Coauthors, 2006: The Community Climate System Model version 3 (CCSM3). J. Climate, 19, 2122-2143.
    • (2006) J. Climate , vol.19 , pp. 2122-2143
    • Collins, W.D.1
  • 22
    • 33645219567 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GFDLs CM2 global coupled climate models. Part I: Formulation and simulation characteristics
    • Delworth, T. L., and Coauthors, 2006: GFDLs CM2 global coupled climate models. Part I: Formulation and simulation characteristics. J. Climate, 19, 643-674.
    • (2006) J. Climate , vol.19 , pp. 643-674
    • Delworth, T.L.1
  • 23
    • 4444259428 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pacific interdecadal climate variability: Linkages between the Tropics and North Pacific during boreal winter since 1900
    • Deser, C., A. S. Phillips, and J. W. Hurrell, 2004: Pacific interdecadal climate variability: Linkages between the Tropics and North Pacific during boreal winter since 1900. J. Climate, 17, 3109-3124.
    • (2004) J. Climate , vol.17 , pp. 3109-3124
    • Deser, C.1    Phillips, A.S.2    Hurrell, J.W.3
  • 24
    • 27544504396 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dynamic and thermodynamic changes in mean and extreme precipitation under changed climate
    • doi:10.1029/2005GL023272
    • Emori, S., and S. J. Brown, 2005: Dynamic and thermodynamic changes in mean and extreme precipitation under changed climate. Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L17706, doi:10.1029/2005GL023272.
    • (2005) Geophys. Res. Lett , vol.32
    • Emori, S.1    Brown, S.J.2
  • 27
    • 0034025893 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The simulation of SST, sea ice extents and ocean heat transport in a version of the Hadley Centre coupled model without flux adjustments
    • Gordon, C., and Coauthors, 2000: The simulation of SST, sea ice extents and ocean heat transport in a version of the Hadley Centre coupled model without flux adjustments. Climate Dyn., 16, 147-168.
    • (2000) Climate Dyn , vol.16 , pp. 147-168
    • Gordon, C.1
  • 28
    • 0043111109 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rep. 60, CSIRO Atmospheric Research, Aspendale, Victoria, Australia, 134 pp
    • Gordon, H. B., and Coauthors, 2002: The CSIRO Mk3 climate system model. Tech. Rep. 60, CSIRO Atmospheric Research, Aspendale, Victoria, Australia, 134 pp.
    • (2002) The CSIRO Mk3 climate system model. Tech
    • Gordon, H.B.1
  • 29
    • 0028571653 scopus 로고
    • Decadal-scale climate variability in the tropical and North Pacific during the 1970s and 1980s: Observations and model results
    • Graham, N. E., 1994: Decadal-scale climate variability in the tropical and North Pacific during the 1970s and 1980s: Observations and model results. Climate Dyn., 10 (3), 135-162.
    • (1994) Climate Dyn , vol.10 , Issue.3 , pp. 135-162
    • Graham, N.E.1
  • 30
    • 32444442755 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • El Niño-mean state-seasonal cycle interactions in a multi-model ensemble
    • Guilyardi, E., 2006: El Niño-mean state-seasonal cycle interactions in a multi-model ensemble. Climate Dyn., 26, 329-348.
    • (2006) Climate Dyn , vol.26 , pp. 329-348
    • Guilyardi, E.1
  • 32
    • 0005136353 scopus 로고
    • Post World War II trends in tropical Pacific surface trades
    • Harrison, D. E., 1989: Post World War II trends in tropical Pacific surface trades. J. Climate, 2, 1561-1563.
    • (1989) J. Climate , vol.2 , pp. 1561-1563
    • Harrison, D.E.1
  • 33
    • 0035866869 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • El Niño and La Niña: Equatorial Pacific surface temperature and thermocline variability, 1986-98
    • Harrison, D. E., and G. A. Vecchi, 2001: El Niño and La Niña: Equatorial Pacific surface temperature and thermocline variability, 1986-98. Geophys. Res. Lett., 28, 1051-1054.
    • (2001) Geophys. Res. Lett , vol.28 , pp. 1051-1054
    • Harrison, D.E.1    Vecchi, G.A.2
  • 34
    • 85081148572 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An important constraint on tropical cloud-climate feedback
    • doi:10.1029/2002GL015835
    • Hartmann, D. L., and K. Larson, 2002: An important constraint on tropical cloud-climate feedback. Geophys. Res. Lett., 29, 1951, doi:10.1029/2002GL015835.
    • (2002) Geophys. Res. Lett , vol.29 , pp. 1951
    • Hartmann, D.L.1    Larson, K.2
  • 35
    • 20044368416 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • K-1 coupled model (MIROC) description
    • Hasumi, H, and S. Emori, Eds, Center for Climate System Research, University of Tokyo, 34 pp
    • Hasumi, H., and S. Emori, Eds., 2004: K-1 coupled model (MIROC) description. K-1 Tech. Rep. 1, Center for Climate System Research, University of Tokyo, 34 pp.
    • (2004) K-1 Tech. Rep , vol.1
  • 36
    • 33750617761 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Robust responses of the hydrological cycle to global warming
    • Held, I. M., and B. J. Soden, 2006: Robust responses of the hydrological cycle to global warming. J. Climate, 19, 5686-5699.
    • (2006) J. Climate , vol.19 , pp. 5686-5699
    • Held, I.M.1    Soden, B.J.2
  • 37
    • 0030775923 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An equatorial ocean recharge paradigm for ENSO. Part I: Conceptual model
    • Jin, F.-F., 1997: An equatorial ocean recharge paradigm for ENSO. Part I: Conceptual model. J. Atmos. Sci., 54, 811-829.
    • (1997) J. Atmos. Sci , vol.54 , pp. 811-829
    • Jin, F.-F.1
  • 39
    • 33645805222 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ocean circulation and tropical variability in the coupled model ECHAM5/MPI-OM
    • Jungclaus, J., and Coauthors, 2006: Ocean circulation and tropical variability in the coupled model ECHAM5/MPI-OM. J. Climate, 19, 3952-3972.
    • (2006) J. Climate , vol.19 , pp. 3952-3972
    • Jungclaus, J.1
  • 41
    • 4043130795 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predictability of tropical Pacific decadal variability in an intermediate model
    • Karspeck, A. R., R. Seager, and M. A. Cane, 2004: Predictability of tropical Pacific decadal variability in an intermediate model. J. Climate, 17, 2842-2850.
    • (2004) J. Climate , vol.17 , pp. 2842-2850
    • Karspeck, A.R.1    Seager, R.2    Cane, M.A.3
  • 42
    • 0036692303 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A coupled climate model simulation of the Last Glacial Maximum. Part I: Transient multi-decadal response
    • Kim, S.-J., G. M. Flato, G. J. de Boer, and N. A. McFarlane, 2002: A coupled climate model simulation of the Last Glacial Maximum. Part I: Transient multi-decadal response. Climate Dyn., 19, 515-537.
    • (2002) Climate Dyn , vol.19 , pp. 515-537
    • Kim, S.-J.1    Flato, G.M.2    de Boer, G.J.3    McFarlane, N.A.4
  • 43
    • 0031177794 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oceanic Rossby wave dynamics and the ENSO period in a coupled model
    • Kirtman, B., 1997: Oceanic Rossby wave dynamics and the ENSO period in a coupled model. J. Climate, 10, 1690-1704.
    • (1997) J. Climate , vol.10 , pp. 1690-1704
    • Kirtman, B.1
  • 44
    • 0027801384 scopus 로고
    • The seasonal cycle of low stratiform clouds
    • Klein, S. A., and D. L. Hartmann, 1993: The seasonal cycle of low stratiform clouds. J. Climate, 6, 1587-1606.
    • (1993) J. Climate , vol.6 , pp. 1587-1606
    • Klein, S.A.1    Hartmann, D.L.2
  • 45
    • 0029538321 scopus 로고
    • 2 in a coupled ocean-atmosphere model
    • 2 in a coupled ocean-atmosphere model. J. Climate, 8, 2181-2199.
    • (1995) J. Climate , vol.8 , pp. 2181-2199
    • Knutson, T.R.1    Manabe, S.2
  • 46
    • 0038128200 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interactions among cloud, water vapor, radiation, and large-scale circulation in the tropical climate. Part I: Sensitivity to uniform sea surface temperature changes
    • Larson, K., and D. L. Hartmann, 2003: Interactions among cloud, water vapor, radiation, and large-scale circulation in the tropical climate. Part I: Sensitivity to uniform sea surface temperature changes. J. Climate, 16, 1425-1440.
    • (2003) J. Climate , vol.16 , pp. 1425-1440
    • Larson, K.1    Hartmann, D.L.2
  • 47
    • 0033172679 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of clouds, water vapor, circulation, and boundary layer structure in the sensitivity of the tropical climate
    • Larson, K., D. L. Hartmann, and S. A. Klein, 1999: The role of clouds, water vapor, circulation, and boundary layer structure in the sensitivity of the tropical climate. J. Climate, 12, 2359-2374.
    • (1999) J. Climate , vol.12 , pp. 2359-2374
    • Larson, K.1    Hartmann, D.L.2    Klein, S.A.3
  • 48
    • 0025523995 scopus 로고
    • Some coolness concerning global warming
    • Lindzen, R. S., 1990: Some coolness concerning global warming. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 71, 288-299.
    • (1990) Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc , vol.71 , pp. 288-299
    • Lindzen, R.S.1
  • 49
    • 0042264954 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the role of ocean in the transient response of tropical climatology to global warming
    • Liu, Z., 1998: On the role of ocean in the transient response of tropical climatology to global warming. J. Climate, 11, 864-875.
    • (1998) J. Climate , vol.11 , pp. 864-875
    • Liu, Z.1
  • 50
    • 0032443493 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Why is there a tritium maximum in the central equatorial Pacific thermocline?
    • Liu, Z., and B. Huang, 1998: Why is there a tritium maximum in the central equatorial Pacific thermocline? J. Phys. Oceanogr., 28, 1527-1533.
    • (1998) J. Phys. Oceanogr , vol.28 , pp. 1527-1533
    • Liu, Z.1    Huang, B.2
  • 51
    • 30144437350 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rethinking tropical oceanic response to global warming: The enhanced equatorial warming
    • Liu, Z., S. Varvus, F. He, N. Wen, and Y. Zhong, 2005: Rethinking tropical oceanic response to global warming: The enhanced equatorial warming. J. Climate, 18, 4684-4700.
    • (2005) J. Climate , vol.18 , pp. 4684-4700
    • Liu, Z.1    Varvus, S.2    He, F.3    Wen, N.4    Zhong, Y.5
  • 52
    • 34249907055 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expansion of the Hadley cell under global warming
    • doi:10.1029/2006GL028443
    • Lu, J., G. A. Vecchi, and T. Reichler, 2007: Expansion of the Hadley cell under global warming. Geophys. Res. Lett., 34, L06805, doi:10.1029/2006GL028443.
    • (2007) Geophys. Res. Lett , vol.34
    • Lu, J.1    Vecchi, G.A.2    Reichler, T.3
  • 53
    • 3843121519 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of mean climate trends in the northern hemisphere between National Centers for Environmental Prediction and two atmosphere-ocean model forced runs
    • doi:10.1029/2001JD001247
    • Lucarini, L., and G. L. Russell, 2002: Comparison of mean climate trends in the northern hemisphere between National Centers for Environmental Prediction and two atmosphere-ocean model forced runs. J. Geophys. Res., 107, 4269, doi:10.1029/2001JD001247.
    • (2002) J. Geophys. Res , vol.107 , pp. 4269
    • Lucarini, L.1    Russell, G.L.2
  • 54
    • 34648839416 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Marti, O, and Coauthors, 2005: The new IPSL climate system model: IPSL-CM4. Tech. Rep, Institut Pierre Simon Laplace des Sciences de l'Environment Global, IPSL, Case 101, Paris, France
    • Marti, O., and Coauthors, 2005: The new IPSL climate system model: IPSL-CM4. Tech. Rep., Institut Pierre Simon Laplace des Sciences de l'Environment Global, IPSL, Case 101, Paris, France.
  • 55
    • 0002693476 scopus 로고
    • TOGA-TAO and the 1991-93 El Niño-Southern Oscillation event
    • McPhaden, M. J., 1993: TOGA-TAO and the 1991-93 El Niño-Southern Oscillation event. Oceanography, 6, 36-44.
    • (1993) Oceanography , vol.6 , pp. 36-44
    • McPhaden, M.J.1
  • 56
    • 0033548168 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genesis and evolution of the 1997-98 El Niño
    • McPhaden, M. J., 1999: Genesis and evolution of the 1997-98 El Niño. Science, 283, 950-954.
    • (1999) Science , vol.283 , pp. 950-954
    • McPhaden, M.J.1
  • 57
    • 0037034026 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Slowdown of the meridional overturning circulation in the upper Pacific Ocean
    • McPhaden, M. J., and D. Zhang, 2002: Slowdown of the meridional overturning circulation in the upper Pacific Ocean. Nature, 415, 603-608.
    • (2002) Nature , vol.415 , pp. 603-608
    • McPhaden, M.J.1    Zhang, D.2
  • 58
    • 10644220289 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pacific Ocean circulation rebounds
    • doi:10.1029/2004GL020727
    • McPhaden, M. J., and D. Zhang, 2004: Pacific Ocean circulation rebounds. Geophys. Res. Lett., 31, L18301, doi:10.1029/2004GL020727.
    • (2004) Geophys. Res. Lett , vol.31
    • McPhaden, M.J.1    Zhang, D.2
  • 60
    • 33645306256 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Future changes of El Niño in two global coupled climate models
    • Meehl, G. A., H. Teng, and G. Branstator, 2006: Future changes of El Niño in two global coupled climate models. Climate Dyn., 26, 549-566.
    • (2006) Climate Dyn , vol.26 , pp. 549-566
    • Meehl, G.A.1    Teng, H.2    Branstator, G.3
  • 61
    • 33646380970 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2 doubling in a multimodel ensemble
    • 2 doubling in a multimodel ensemble. J. Climate, 19, 4009-4027.
    • (2006) J. Climate , vol.19 , pp. 4009-4027
    • Merryfield, W.J.1
  • 62
    • 0031445221 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tropical thermostats and low cloud cover
    • Miller, R. L., 1997: Tropical thermostats and low cloud cover. J. Climate, 10, 409-440.
    • (1997) J. Climate , vol.10 , pp. 409-440
    • Miller, R.L.1
  • 63
    • 27744569445 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Internal variability in a 1000-yr control simulation with the coupled model ECHO-G-I: Near-surface temperature, precipitation and mean sea level pressure
    • Min, S.-K., S. Legutke, A. Hense, and W.-T. Kwon, 2005: Internal variability in a 1000-yr control simulation with the coupled model ECHO-G-I: Near-surface temperature, precipitation and mean sea level pressure. Tellus, 57A, 605-621.
    • (2005) Tellus , vol.57 A , pp. 605-621
    • Min, S.-K.1    Legutke, S.2    Hense, A.3    Kwon, W.-T.4
  • 64
    • 0034452421 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • U/Th-dated sclerosponges from the Indonesian Seaway record subsurface adjustments to west Pacific winds
    • Moore, M. D., C. D. Charles, J. L. Rubenstone, and R. G. Fair-banks, 2000: U/Th-dated sclerosponges from the Indonesian Seaway record subsurface adjustments to west Pacific winds. Paleoceanography, 15, 404-416.
    • (2000) Paleoceanography , vol.15 , pp. 404-416
    • Moore, M.D.1    Charles, C.D.2    Rubenstone, J.L.3    Fair-banks, R.G.4
  • 65
    • 29244461457 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trends in upper-level cloud cover and surface wind divergence over the tropical Indo-Pacific Ocean between 1952 and 1997
    • doi:10.1029/2005JD006183
    • Norris, J. R., 2005: Trends in upper-level cloud cover and surface wind divergence over the tropical Indo-Pacific Ocean between 1952 and 1997. J. Geophys. Res., 110, D21110, doi:10.1029/2005JD006183.
    • (2005) J. Geophys. Res , vol.110
    • Norris, J.R.1
  • 66
    • 0019356108 scopus 로고
    • The response of equatorial oceans to a relaxation of the trade winds
    • Philander, S. G. H., 1981: The response of equatorial oceans to a relaxation of the trade winds. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 11, 176-189.
    • (1981) J. Phys. Oceanogr , vol.11 , pp. 176-189
    • Philander, S.G.H.1
  • 67
    • 0742305193 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global analyses of sea surface temperature, sea ice, and night marine air temperature since the late nineteenth century
    • doi:10.1029/2002JD002670
    • Rayner, N. A., D. E. Parker, E. B. Horton, C. K. Folland, L. V. Alexander, D. P. Rowell, E. C. Kent, and A. Kaplan, 2003: Global analyses of sea surface temperature, sea ice, and night marine air temperature since the late nineteenth century. J. Geophys. Res., 108, 4407, doi:10.1029/2002JD002670.
    • (2003) J. Geophys. Res , vol.108 , pp. 4407
    • Rayner, N.A.1    Parker, D.E.2    Horton, E.B.3    Folland, C.K.4    Alexander, L.V.5    Rowell, D.P.6    Kent, E.C.7    Kaplan, A.8
  • 69
    • 34648871218 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Description and validation of the CNRM-CM3 global coupled model
    • in press
    • Salas y Mélia, D., and Coauthors, 2006: Description and validation of the CNRM-CM3 global coupled model. Climate, Dyn., in press.
    • (2006) Climate, Dyn
    • Salas1    Mélia, D.2
  • 70
    • 33644680703 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Present-day atmospheric simulations using GISS ModelE: Comparison to in situ, satellite, and reanalysis data
    • Schmidt, G. A., and Coauthors, 2006: Present-day atmospheric simulations using GISS ModelE: Comparison to in situ, satellite, and reanalysis data. J. Climate, 19, 153-192.
    • (2006) J. Climate , vol.19 , pp. 153-192
    • Schmidt, G.A.1
  • 71
    • 33745447750 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Decadal variability of the Indian Ocean cross-equatorial exchange in SODA
    • doi:10.1029/2006GL025891
    • Schoenefeldt, R., and F. A. Schott, 2006: Decadal variability of the Indian Ocean cross-equatorial exchange in SODA. Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L08602, doi:10.1029/2006GL025891.
    • (2006) Geophys. Res. Lett , vol.33
    • Schoenefeldt, R.1    Schott, F.A.2
  • 73
    • 3242698027 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improved extended reconstruction of SST (1854-1997)
    • Smith, T. M., and R. W. Reynolds, 2004: Improved extended reconstruction of SST (1854-1997). J. Climate, 17, 2466-2477.
    • (2004) J. Climate , vol.17 , pp. 2466-2477
    • Smith, T.M.1    Reynolds, R.W.2
  • 74
    • 0034143861 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The sensitivity of the tropical hydrological cycle to ENSO
    • Soden, B. J., 2000: The sensitivity of the tropical hydrological cycle to ENSO. J. Climate, 13, 538-549.
    • (2000) J. Climate , vol.13 , pp. 538-549
    • Soden, B.J.1
  • 75
    • 33646848186 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An assessment of climate feedbacks in coupled ocean-atmosphere models
    • Soden, B. J., and I. M. Held, 2006: An assessment of climate feedbacks in coupled ocean-atmosphere models. J. Climate, 19, 3354-3360.
    • (2006) J. Climate , vol.19 , pp. 3354-3360
    • Soden, B.J.1    Held, I.M.2
  • 77
    • 34347250692 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Indian Ocean variability in the GFDL Coupled Climate Model
    • Song, O. N., G. A. Vecchi, and A. Rosati, 2007a: Indian Ocean variability in the GFDL Coupled Climate Model. J. Climate, 20, 2895-2916.
    • (2007) J. Climate , vol.20 , pp. 2895-2916
    • Song, O.N.1    Vecchi, G.A.2    Rosati, A.3
  • 78
    • 34347264155 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of the Indonesian Through-flow in the Indo-Pacific climate variability in the GFDL Coupled Climate Model
    • Song, O. N., G. A. Vecchi, and A. Rosati, 2007b: The role of the Indonesian Through-flow in the Indo-Pacific climate variability in the GFDL Coupled Climate Model. J. Climate, 20, 2434-2451.
    • (2007) J. Climate , vol.20 , pp. 2434-2451
    • Song, O.N.1    Vecchi, G.A.2    Rosati, A.3
  • 79
    • 2042526025 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trend and inter-annual variability of Walker, monsoon and Hadley circulations defined by velocity potential in the upper troposphere
    • Tanaka, H. L., N. Ishizaki, and A. Kitoh, 2004: Trend and inter-annual variability of Walker, monsoon and Hadley circulations defined by velocity potential in the upper troposphere. Tellus, 56A, 250-269.
    • (2004) Tellus , vol.56 A , pp. 250-269
    • Tanaka, H.L.1    Ishizaki, N.2    Kitoh, A.3
  • 80
    • 0028580006 scopus 로고
    • Decadal atmosphere-ocean variations in the Pacific
    • Trenberth, K. E., and J. W. Hurrell, 1994: Decadal atmosphere-ocean variations in the Pacific. Climate Dyn., 9, 303-319.
    • (1994) Climate Dyn , vol.9 , pp. 303-319
    • Trenberth, K.E.1    Hurrell, J.W.2
  • 81
    • 22444434391 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trends and variability in column integrated atmospheric water vapor
    • Trenberth, K. E., J. Fasullo, and L. Smith, 2005: Trends and variability in column integrated atmospheric water vapor. Climate Dyn., 24, 741-758.
    • (2005) Climate Dyn , vol.24 , pp. 741-758
    • Trenberth, K.E.1    Fasullo, J.2    Smith, L.3
  • 82
    • 0034718838 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of mean climate change on climate variability from a 155-year tropical Pacific coral record
    • Urban, F. E., J. E. Cole, and J. T. Overpeck, 2000: Influence of mean climate change on climate variability from a 155-year tropical Pacific coral record. Nature, 407, 989-993.
    • (2000) Nature , vol.407 , pp. 989-993
    • Urban, F.E.1    Cole, J.E.2    Overpeck, J.T.3
  • 83
    • 33644749474 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • El Niño in a changing climate: A multi-model study
    • van Oldenborgh, G. J., S. Y. Philip, and M. Collins, 2005: El Niño in a changing climate: A multi-model study. Ocean Sci., 1, 81-95.
    • (2005) Ocean Sci , vol.1 , pp. 81-95
    • van Oldenborgh, G.J.1    Philip, S.Y.2    Collins, M.3
  • 84
    • 34250746868 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased tropical Atlantic wind shear in model projections of global warming
    • doi:10.1029/2006GL028905
    • Vecchi, G. A., and B. J. Soden, 2007: Increased tropical Atlantic wind shear in model projections of global warming. Geophys. Res. Lett., 34, L08702, doi:10.1029/2006GL028905.
    • (2007) Geophys. Res. Lett , vol.34
    • Vecchi, G.A.1    Soden, B.J.2
  • 85
    • 33646927242 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Weakening of tropical Pacific atmospheric circulation due to anthropogenic forcing
    • Vecchi, G. A., B. J. Soden, A. T. Wittenberg, I. M. Held, A. Leetmaa, and M. J. Harrison, 2006: Weakening of tropical Pacific atmospheric circulation due to anthropogenic forcing. Nature, 441, 73-76.
    • (2006) Nature , vol.441 , pp. 73-76
    • Vecchi, G.A.1    Soden, B.J.2    Wittenberg, A.T.3    Held, I.M.4    Leetmaa, A.5    Harrison, M.J.6
  • 86
    • 13644269450 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • El Niño reproduction in coupled general circulation model
    • Volodin, E. M., and N. A. Diansky, 2004: El Niño reproduction in coupled general circulation model. Russ. Meteor. Hydrol., 12, 5-14.
    • (2004) Russ. Meteor. Hydrol , vol.12 , pp. 5-14
    • Volodin, E.M.1    Diansky, N.A.2
  • 90
    • 0033756966 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Parallel climate model (PCM) control and transient simulations
    • Washington, W. M., and Coauthors, 2000: Parallel climate model (PCM) control and transient simulations. Climate Dyn., 16, 755-774.
    • (2000) Climate Dyn , vol.16 , pp. 755-774
    • Washington, W.M.1
  • 91
    • 33644666197 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the contribution of local feedback mechanisms to the range of climate sensitivity in two GCM ensembles
    • Webb, M. J., and Coauthors, 2006: On the contribution of local feedback mechanisms to the range of climate sensitivity in two GCM ensembles. Climate Dyn., 27, 17-38.
    • (2006) Climate Dyn , vol.27 , pp. 17-38
    • Webb, M.J.1
  • 92
    • 0033598342 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coupled ocean-atmosphere dynamics in the Indian Ocean during 1997-98
    • Webster, P. J., A. M. Moore, J. P. Loschnigg, and R. R. Leben, 1999: Coupled ocean-atmosphere dynamics in the Indian Ocean during 1997-98. Nature, 401, 356-360.
    • (1999) Nature , vol.401 , pp. 356-360
    • Webster, P.J.1    Moore, A.M.2    Loschnigg, J.P.3    Leben, R.R.4
  • 93
    • 0034719490 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Precise climate monitoring using complementary satellite data sets
    • Wentz, F. J., and M. Schabel, 2000: Precise climate monitoring using complementary satellite data sets. Nature, 403, 414-416.
    • (2000) Nature , vol.403 , pp. 414-416
    • Wentz, F.J.1    Schabel, M.2
  • 94
    • 2942541026 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An intersection of oceanic waveguides: Variability in the Indonesian Throughflow region
    • Wijffels, S., and G. Meyers, 2004: An intersection of oceanic waveguides: Variability in the Indonesian Throughflow region. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 34, 1232-1253.
    • (2004) J. Phys. Oceanogr , vol.34 , pp. 1232-1253
    • Wijffels, S.1    Meyers, G.2
  • 96
    • 33644612687 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GFDL's CM2 global coupled climate models. Part III: Tropical Pacific climate and ENSO
    • Wittenberg, A. T., A. Rosati, N.-C. Lau, and J. J. Ploshay, 2006: GFDL's CM2 global coupled climate models. Part III: Tropical Pacific climate and ENSO. J. Climate, 19, 698-722.
    • (2006) J. Climate , vol.19 , pp. 698-722
    • Wittenberg, A.T.1    Rosati, A.2    Lau, N.-C.3    Ploshay, J.J.4
  • 97
    • 0000753313 scopus 로고
    • El Niño - The dynamic response of the equatorial Pacific Ocean to atmospheric forcing
    • Wyrtki, K., 1975: El Niño - The dynamic response of the equatorial Pacific Ocean to atmospheric forcing. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 5, 572-584.
    • (1975) J. Phys. Oceanogr , vol.5 , pp. 572-584
    • Wyrtki, K.1
  • 99
    • 3042683726 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global coupled ocean-atmosphere general circulation models in LASG/IAP
    • Yu, Y., X. Zhang, and Y. Guo, 2004: Global coupled ocean-atmosphere general circulation models in LASG/IAP. Adv. Atmos. Sci., 21, 444-455.
    • (2004) Adv. Atmos. Sci , vol.21 , pp. 444-455
    • Yu, Y.1    Zhang, X.2    Guo, Y.3
  • 100
    • 27744566961 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improvements in the Meteorological Research Institute Global Ocean-Atmosphere Coupled GCM (MRI-CGCM2) and its climate sensitivity
    • Tech. Rep. 10, NIES, Japan, 8 pp
    • Yukimoto, S., and A. Noda, 2002: Improvements in the Meteorological Research Institute Global Ocean-Atmosphere Coupled GCM (MRI-CGCM2) and its climate sensitivity. Tech. Rep. 10, NIES, Japan, 8 pp.
    • (2002)
    • Yukimoto, S.1    Noda, A.2
  • 101
    • 0000335201 scopus 로고
    • A model El Niño-Southerrn Oscillation
    • Zebiak, S. E., and M. A. Cane, 1987: A model El Niño-Southerrn Oscillation. Mon. Wea. Rev., 115, 2262-2278.
    • (1987) Mon. Wea. Rev , vol.115 , pp. 2262-2278
    • Zebiak, S.E.1    Cane, M.A.2
  • 102
    • 1842634953 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relationship between sea surface temperature and thermocline depth in the eastern equatorial Pacific
    • Zelle, H., G. Appeldoorn, G. Burgers, and G. J. van Oldenborgh, 2004: The relationship between sea surface temperature and thermocline depth in the eastern equatorial Pacific. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 34, 643-655.
    • (2004) J. Phys. Oceanogr , vol.34 , pp. 643-655
    • Zelle, H.1    Appeldoorn, G.2    Burgers, G.3    van Oldenborgh, G.J.4
  • 103
    • 33750618996 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Decadal variability of the shallow Pacific meridional overturning circulation: Relation to tropical sea surface temperatures in observations and climate change models
    • Zhang, D., and M. J. McPhaden, 2006: Decadal variability of the shallow Pacific meridional overturning circulation: Relation to tropical sea surface temperatures in observations and climate change models. Ocean Modell., 15, 250-273.
    • (2006) Ocean Modell , vol.15 , pp. 250-273
    • Zhang, D.1    McPhaden, M.J.2
  • 104
    • 33750628903 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence of deceleration of atmospheric vertical overturning circulation over the tropical Pacific
    • doi:10.1029/2006GL025942
    • Zhang, M., and H. Song, 2006: Evidence of deceleration of atmospheric vertical overturning circulation over the tropical Pacific. Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L12701, doi:10.1029/2006GL025942.
    • (2006) Geophys. Res. Lett , vol.33
    • Zhang, M.1    Song, H.2
  • 105
    • 0030731329 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ENSO-like interdecadal variability: 1900-93
    • Zhang, Y., J. M. Wallace, and D. S. Battisti, 1997: ENSO-like interdecadal variability: 1900-93. J. Climate, 10, 1004-1020.
    • (1997) J. Climate , vol.10 , pp. 1004-1020
    • Zhang, Y.1    Wallace, J.M.2    Battisti, D.S.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.