Whey and whey proteins-From 'gutter-to-gold'

International Dairy Journal

Volumn 18, Issue 7, 2008, Pages 695-704

  Smithers, Geoffrey W ^a  

^a CSIRO   (Australia)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

DAIRY PRODUCTS; NUTRITION; SEPARATION;

FUNCTIONAL VALUE; MEDICINAL AGENTS; WHEY;

PROTEINS;

EID: 44549084148     PISSN: 09586946     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2008.03.008     Document Type: Review

References (127)

1. Augustin M.A., Sanguansri L., and Bode O. Maillard reaction products as encapsulants for fish oil powders. Journal of Food Science 71 (2006) E25-E32
2. Ayers J.S., Elgar D.F., Palmano K.P., Pritchard M., and Bhaskar G.V. Process for separation of whey proteins using a novel anion exchanger. Patent No: WO 02/041584 (2002), Massey University and New Zealand Dairy Board, New Zealand
3. Ayers J.S., Elgar D.F., and Pritchard M. Production of an immunoglobulin enriched fraction from whey protein solutions. US Patent No: 6592905 (2003), Massey University and New Zealand Dairy Board, New Zealand
4. Ayers J.S., and Petersen M.J. Whey protein recovery using a range of novel ion-exchangers. New Zealand Journal of Dairy Science and Technology 20 (1985) 129-142
5. Baricelli A. De Lacteis (1623), Lazaro Scoriggio, Naples, Italy
6. Beecher J.W., Drake M.-A., and Foegeding E.A. Factors determining flavour and stability of acidic whey protein beverages. Proceedings of the fourth international whey conference, Chicago, USA (2006), American Dairy Products Institute, Elmhurst, IL, USA 279-291
7. Belford D.A., Rogers M.-L., Regester G.O., Francis G.L., Smithers G.W., Liepe I.J., et al. Milk-derived growth factors as serum supplements for the growth of fibroblast and epithelial cells. In Vitro Cellular and Developmental Biology Animal 31 (1995) 750-758
8. Bellamy W., Takase M., Wakabayashi H., Kawase K., and Tomita M. Antibacterial spectrum of lactoferricin B, a potent bactericidal peptide derived from the N-terminal region of bovine lactoferrin. Journal of Applied Bacteriology 73 (1992) 472-479
9. Bernal V., and Jelen P. Thermal stability of whey proteins-A calorimetric study. Journal of Dairy Science 68 (1985) 2847-2852
10. Boots J.-W., and Floris R. Lactoperoxidase: From catalytic mechanism to practical applications. International Dairy Journal 16 (2006) 1272-1276
11. Bounous G. A process for producing an undenatured whey protein concentrate (1996), Immunotec Research Corporation Limited, Canada Patent No: WO9635336
12. Bounous G., Baruchel S., Falutz J., and Gold P. Whey proteins as a food supplement in HIV-seropositive individuals. Clinical and Investigative Medicine 16 (1993) 204-209
13. Bounous G., Batist G., and Gold P. Whey proteins in cancer prevention. Cancer Letters 57 (1991) 91-94
14. Bounous G., and Gold P. Whey protein composition, a method for producing it and application of the whey protein composition. Patent No: EP0374390 (1990), Bounous, G., & Gold, P, Canada
15. Bounous G., and Gold P. Biologically active whey protein composition, a method for producing it and use of the composition. Patent No: EP0375852 (1991), Bounous, G., & Gold, P, Canada
16. Bounous G., Turgeon S., and Aurouze B. Process for producing an undernatured whey protein concentrate. Patent No: WO9413148 (1994), Immunotec Research Corporation Limited, Canada
17. Bramaud C., Aimar P., and Daufin G. Optimisation of a whey protein fractionation process based on the selective precipitation of a-lactalbumin. Lait 77 (1997) 411-423
18. Brock J.H. The physiology of lactoferrin. Biochemistry and Cell Biology 80 (2002) 1-6
19. ®) on running performance (1998), Australian Conference of Science and Medicine in Sport, Adelaide, South Australia
20. Bullerman L.B., and Berry E.C. Use of cheese whey for vitamin B12 production. Applied Microbiology 14 (1966) 353-355
21. Carey K., Larsen A., Rowney M., and Cameron-Smith D. Application of whey proteins to enhance the molecular adaptations and strength gains following resistance exercise training. Proceedings of the fourth international whey conference, Chicago, USA (2006), American Dairy Products Institute, Elmhurst, IL, USA 36-46
22. Chatterton D.E.W. Digestion of novel milk protein ingredients for use in infant formulas: Relationship to bioactivity. Proceedings of the fourth international whey conference, Chicago, USA (2006), American Dairy Products Institute, Elmhurst, IL, USA 170-184
23. Chatterton D.E.W., Smithers G., Roupas P., and Brodkorb A. Bioactivity of β-lactoglobulin and α-lactalbumin-Technological implications for processing. International Dairy Journal 16 (2006) 1229-1240
24. Chiu C.K., and Etzel M.R. Fractionation of lactoperoxidase and lactoferrin from bovine whey using a cation exchange membrane. Journal of Food Science 62 (1997) 996-1000
25. Clark P.J. Concentrating proteins from milk and meat. Food Technology 59 (2005) 80-83
26. Clarke J., Butler R., Howarth G., Read L., and Regester G. Exposure of oral mucosa to bioactive milk factors reduces severity of chemotherapy-induced mucositis in the hamster. Oral Oncology 38 (2002) 478-485
27. Conti A., Napolitano L., Cantisani A.M., Davoli R., and Dall'Olio S. Bovine β-lactoglobulin H: Isolation by preparative isoelectric focusing in immobilized pH gradients and preliminary characterization. Journal of Biochemical and Biophysical Methods 16 (1988) 205-214
28. ®) on physical work capacity in cyclists. In Proceedings of Sports Medicine and Physical Education International Congress on Sport Science Pre-Olympic Congress, Brisbane, Australia.
29. Cornish J., Callon K.E., Naot D., Palmano K.P., Banovic T., Bava U., et al. Lactoferrin is a potent regulator of bone cell activity and increases bone formation in vivo. Endocrinology 145 (2004) 4366-4374
30. Crittenden R., Weerakkody R., Sanguansri L., and Augustin M.A. Synbiotic microcapsules that enhance microbial viability during non-refrigerated storage and gastrointestinal transit. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 72 (2006) 2280-2282
31. De Silva K.J., Stockmann R., and Smithers G.W. Isolation procedures for functional dairy components-Novel approaches to meeting the challenges. Australian Journal of Dairy Technology 58 (2003) 148-152
32. Devlieghere F., Vermeiren L., and Debevere J. New preservation technologies: Possibilities and limitations. International Dairy Journal 14 (2004) 273-285
33. Dionysius D.A., Herse J.B., and Grieve P.A. Extraction of lactoperoxidase and lactoferrin from whey using batch ion exchange techniques. Australian Journal of Dairy Technology 46 (1991) 72-76
34. Drake M.-A. Flavor and flavor carry-through of whey proteins in beverages. Proceedings of the fourth international whey conference, Chicago, USA (2006), American Dairy Products Institute, Elmhurst, IL, USA 292-300
35. Durham R.J., and Hourigan J.A. Waste management and co-product recovery in dairy processing. In: Waldron K. (Ed). Waste management and co-product recovery in food processing (2007), Woodhead Publishing, Cambridge, England 332-387
36. Durham R.J., Sleigh R.W., and Hourigan J.A. Blue sky to stainless steel: Commercialisation of a new dairy process. Australian Journal of Dairy Technology 58 (2003) 185
37. Durham R.J., Sleigh R.W., and Hourigan J.A. Pharmaceutical lactose: A new whey with no waste. Australian Journal of Dairy Technology 59 (2004) 138-141
38. Etzel M.R. Manufacture and use of dairy protein fractions. Journal of Nutrition 134 (2004) 996S-1002S
39. FAO. (2006). Food outlook no. 2, December 2006 〈http://www.fao.org/docrep/009/j8126e/j8126e11.htm〉.
40. Farnfield M.M., Carey K.A., and Cameron-Smith D. Whey protein supplementation and resistance training to enhance muscle growth in young and older adults. Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition 14 Suppl. (2005) S69
41. Farnaud S., and Evans R.W. Lactoferrin-A multifunctional protein with antimicrobial properties. Molecular Immunology 40 (2003) 395-405
42. Foegeding E.A., Davis J.P., Doucet D., and McGuffey M.K. Advances in modifying and understanding whey protein functionality. Trends in Food Science and Technology 13 (2002) 151-159
43. Francis G.L., Regester G.O., Webb H.A., and Ballard F.J. Extraction from cheese whey by cation-exchange chromatography of factors that stimulate the growth of mammalian cells. Journal of Dairy Science 78 (1995) 1209-1218
44. Gaenzle, M. G., Haase, G., & Jelen, P. (2008). Lactose-Crystallization, hydrolysis and value-added derivatives. International Dairy Journal, this issue, doi:10.1016/j.idairyj.2008.03.003.
45. Gill H.S., and Cross M.L. Anticancer properties of bovine milk. British Journal of Nutrition 84 (2000) S161-S166
46. Guengerich C., and Hutson G. Demineralization of whey and whey products. Bulletin of the International Dairy Federation 311 (1996) 11-12
47. Ha E., and Zemel M.B. Functional properties of whey, whey components, and essential amino acids: Mechanisms underlying health benefits for active people. Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry 14 (2003) 251-258
48. Hakkak R., Korourian S., Martin S., Ronis J.J., Johnston J.M., and Badger T.M. Dietary whey protein protects against azoxymethane-induced colon tumours in male rats. Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention 10 (2001) 555-558
49. Harper W.J. Model food system approaches for evaluating whey protein functionality. Journal of Dairy Science 67 (1984) 2745-2756
50. Heine W.E., Klein P.D., and Reeds P.J. The importance of alpha-lactalbumin in infant nutrition. Journal of Nutrition 121 (1991) 277-283
51. Hoek K.S., Milne J.M., Grieve P.A., Dionysius D.A., and Smith R. Antimicrobial activity in bovine lactoferrin-derived peptides. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 41 (1997) 54-59
52. Hoffmann K.F. On the history of whey cures, especially in the 17th, 18th, and 19th centuries. Medizinische Monatsschrift 15 (1961) 411-414 (in German)
53. Houldsworth D.W. Demineralization of whey by means of ion exchange and electrodialysis. Journal of the Society of Dairy Technology 33 (1980) 45-51
54. Huffman L.M. Processing whey protein for use as a food ingredient. Food Technology 50 (1996) 49-52
55. Huffman L.M., and Harper W.J. Maximizing the value of milk through separation technologies. Journal of Dairy Science 82 (1999) 2238-2244
56. Jeantet R., Rodríguez J., and Garem A. Nanofiltration of sweet whey by spiral wound organic membranes: Impact of hydrodynamics. Lait 80 (2000) 155-163
57. Jelen P. Whey cheeses and beverages. In: Zadow J.G. (Ed). Whey and lactose processing (1992), Elsevier, New York, NY, USA 157-193
58. Jelen P. Whey processing-Utilization and products. In: Roginski H., Fuquay J.W., and Fox P.F. (Eds). Encyclopedia of dairy sciences (2003), Academic Press, London, UK 2739-2745
59. Jelen P., and Buchheim W. Norwegian whey "cheese". Food Technology 30 (1976) 62-74
60. Jelen P., and Rattray W. Thermal denaturation of whey proteins. In: Fox P. (Ed). Heat-induced changes in milk. 2nd ed (1995), International Dairy Federation, Brussels, Belgium 66-85
61. Jelen P., and Tossavainen O. Low lactose and lactose-free milk and dairy products: Prospects, technologies and applications. Australian Journal of Dairy Technology 58 (2003) 161-165
62. Johnson M.A., Jelen P., Mitchell I.R., Regester G.O., and Smithers G.W. High protein whey drinks. Food Australia 48 (1996) 360-361
63. Jost R., and Jelen P. Crossflow microfiltration-An extension of membrane processing of milk and whey. Bulletin of the International Dairy Federation 320 (1997) 9-15
64. Ju Z.Y., Hettiarachchy N., and Kilara A. Thermal properties of whey protein aggregates. Journal of Dairy Science 82 (1999) 1882-1889
65. Just-food.com. (2006). Global market review of functional foods-Forecasts to 2012. Report {music sharp sign}44028, August 2006.
66. Kelly P.M., Horton B.S., and Burling H. Partial demineralization of whey by nanofiltration. New Applications of Membrane Processes (International Dairy Federation-Special Issue) 9201 (1992) 130-140
67. Kelly P.M., Kelly J., Mehra R., Oldfield D.J., Raggett E., and O'Kennedy B.T. Implementation of integrated membrane processes for pilot scale development of fractionated milk components. Lait 80 (2000) 139-153
68. Kim J.I., Choi D.Y., and Row K.H. Separation of whey proteins by anion-exchange membranes. Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering 20 (2003) 538-541
69. Kinsella J.E., and Whitehead D.M. Proteins in whey: Chemical, physical, and functional properties. Advances in Food and Nutrition Research 33 (1989) 343-438
70. Korhonen H. Technological and health aspects of bioactive components of milk. International Dairy Journal 16 (2006) 1227-1426
71. Korhonen H., and Pihlanto A. Food-Derived bioactive peptides-Opportunities for designing future foods. Current Pharmaceutical Design 9 (2003) 1297-1308
72. Korhonen H., Pihlanto-Leppälä A., Rantamäki P., and Tupasela T. Impact of processing on bioactive proteins and peptides. Trends in Food Science and Technology 9 (1998) 307-319
73. Kuwata T., Pham A.M., Ma C.Y., and Nakai S. Elimination of β-lactoglobulin from whey to simulate human-milk protein. Journal of Food Science 50 (1985) 605-609
74. Mangino M.E., Kim J.H., Dunkerley J.A., and Zadow J.G. Factors important to the gelation of whey protein concentrates. Food Hydrocolloids 1 (1987) 277-282
75. Marshall K.R., and Harper W.J. The treatment of wastes from the dairy industry. In: Barnes D., Forster S.T., and Hurdley S.E. (Eds). Surveys in industrial wastewater treatment-Food and allied industries Vol. 1 (1984), Pitman Publishing, London, UK 296-376
76. Marshall K.R., and Harper W.J. Whey protein concentrates. Bulletin of the International Dairy Federation 233 (1988) 22-32
77. Mather I.H. A review and proposed nomenclature for major proteins of the milkfat globule membrane. Journal of Dairy Science 83 (2000) 203-247
78. Maubois J.-L. Ultrafiltration of whey. Journal of the Society of Dairy Technology 33 (1980) 55-58
79. Maubois J.-L., Pierre A., Fauquant J., and Piot M. Industrial fractionation of main whey proteins. Bulletin of the International Dairy Federation 212 (1987) 154-159
80. McIntosh G.H., Regester G.O., Le Leu R.K., Royle P.J., and Smithers G.W. Dairy proteins protect against dimethylhydrazine-induced intestinal cancers in rats. Journal of Nutrition 125 (1995) 809-816
81. McIntosh G.H., Royle P.J., Le Leu R.K., Regester G.O., Johnson M.A., Grinsted R.L., et al. Whey proteins as functional food ingredients?. International Dairy Journal 8 (1998) 425-434
82. Mehra R., Marnila P., and Korhonen H. Milk immunoglobulins for health promotion. International Dairy Journal 16 (2006) 1262-1271
83. Meisel H. Bioactive peptides from milk proteins: A perspective for consumers and producers. Australian Journal of Dairy Technology 56 (2001) 83-92
84. Meisel H. Biochemical properties of peptides encrypted in bovine milk proteins. Current Medicinal Chemistry 12 (2005) 1905-1919
85. Mero A., Miikkulainen H., Rishi J., Pakkanen R., Aalto J., and Takala T. Effects of bovine colostrum supplementation on serum IGF-1, IgG, hormone and saliva IgA during training. Journal of Applied Physiology 83 (1997) 1144-1158
86. Mitchell H.H. A method of determining the biological value of protein. Journal of Biological Chemistry 58 (1924) 873-903
87. Naidu, A.S., Tulpinski, J., Gustilo, K., Knowles, J.R., Tips, P.D., & Nimmagudda, R., 2003. Activated lactoferrin-A natural antimicrobial intervention for beef safety. In Proceedings of the 49th international congress of meat science and technology, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
88. Ohr L.M. Nutraceuticals and functional foods. Food Technology 58 (2004) 71-74
89. Patel M.T., Kilara A., Huffman L.M., Hewitt S.A., and Houlihan A.V. Studies on whey protein concentrates. 1. Compositional and thermal properties. Journal of Dairy Science 73 (1990) 1439-1449
90. Pearce R.J. Thermal separation of β-lactoglobulin and α-lactalbumin in bovine Cheddar cheese whey. Australian Journal of Dairy Technology 38 (1983) 144-149
91. Pearce R.J. Fractionation of whey proteins. Australian Journal of Dairy Technology 42 (1987) 75-78
92. Pearce R.J. Fractionation of whey proteins. Bulletin of the International Dairy Federation 212 (1988) 150-153
93. Pearce R.J. Enriched whey protein fractions and method for the production thereof. US Patent No: 5455331 (1995), Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Australia
94. Peterson J.A., Scallan C.D., Ceriani R.L., and Hamosh M. Structural and functional aspects of three major glycoproteins of the human milk fat globule membrane. In: Newburg D.S. (Ed). Bioactive components of human milk (2001), Springer, New York, NY, USA 179-188
95. Picot A., and Lacroix C. Encapsulation of bifidobacteria in whey protein-based microcapsules and survival in simulated gastrointestinal conditions and in yoghurt. International Dairy Journal 14 (2004) 505-515
96. Pierre A., and Fauquant J. Principes pour un procédé industriel de fractionnement des protéines du lactosérum. Lait 66 (1986) 405-419 (in French)
97. Pins J.J., Harminder K., and Keenan J.M. The effects of hydrolyzed whey peptides on cardiovascular disease risk factors in mildly hypertensive men and women. Proceedings of the fourth international whey conference, Chicago, USA (2006), American Dairy Products Institute, Elmhurst, IL, USA 99-114
98. Pintado M.E., Macedo A.C., Malcata F.X., Macedo A.C., and Malcata F.X. Review: Technology, chemistry and microbiology of whey cheeses. Food Science and Technology International 7 (2001) 105-116
99. Písecký J. Spray drying in the cheese industry. International Dairy Journal 15 (2005) 531-536
100. Playford R.J., Floyd D.N., Macdonald C.E., Calnan D.P., Adenekan R.O., Johnson W., et al. Bovine colostrum is a health food supplement which prevents NSAID induced gut damage. Gut 44 (1999) 653-658
101. Playne M.J., Bennett L.E., and Smithers G.W. Functional dairy foods and ingredients. Australian Journal of Dairy Technology 58 (2003) 242-264
102. Pouliot Y., and Gauthier S.F. Milk growth factors as health products: Some technological aspects. International Dairy Journal 16 (2006) 1415-1420
103. Rankin D., and Darragh A. Dietary protein in an endurance exercise recovery beverage-What is the value of whey?. Proceedings of the fourth international whey conference, Chicago, USA (2006), American Dairy Products Institute, Elmhurst, IL, USA 13-24
104. Rayner T.E., Cowin A.J., Robertson J.G., Cooter R.D., Harries R.C., Regester G.O., et al. Mitogenic whey extract stimulates wound repair activity in vitro and promotes healing of rat incisional wounds. American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrated and Comparative Physiology 278 (2000) R1651-R1660
105. Regester G.O., and Belford D.A. New therapeutics from a dairy byproduct-Cheese whey. Drug Development Research 46 (1999) 286-291
106. Regester G.O., Belford D.A., West R.J., and Goddard C. Development of minor dairy components as therapeutic agents: Whey growth factor extract, a case study. Australian Journal of Dairy Technology 58 (2003) 104-106
107. Regester G.O., Pearce R.J., Lee V.W., and Mangino M.E. Heat-related changes to the hydrophobicity of cheese whey correlate with levels of native beta-lactoglobulin and alpha-lactalbumin. Journal of Dairy Research 59 (1992) 527-532
108. Regester G.O., and Smithers G.W. Seasonal changes in the β-lactoglobulin, α-lactalbumin, glycomacropeptide, and casein content of whey protein concentrate. Journal of Dairy Science 74 (1991) 796-802
109. Rosenberg M. Milk derived whey protein-based microencapsulating agents and a method of use. US Patent No: 5601760 (1997), Regents of the University of California, USA
110. Rowney M., Hobman P., Read L., and Denichilo M. Commercialisation of whey growth factor extract-A case study. Australian Journal of Dairy Technology 60 (2005) 183-184
111. Saboya L.V., and Maubois J.-L. Current developments of microfiltration technology in the dairy industry. Lait 80 (2000) 541-553
112. Shoveller A.K., Stoll B., Ball R.O., and Burrin D.G. Nutritional and functional importance of intestinal sulphur amino acid metabolism. Journal of Nutrition 135 (2005) 1609-1612
113. Sienkiewicz T., and Riedel C.-L. Whey and whey utilization: Possibilities for utilization in agriculture and foodstuffs production (1990), Gelsenkirchen-Buer, Berlin, Germany Verlag Th. Mann
114. Siso M.I.G. The biotechnological utilization of cheese whey: A review. Bioresource Technology 57 (1996) 1-11
115. Skudder P.J. Evaluation of a porous silica-based ion-exchange medium for the production of protein fractions from rennet and acid whey. Journal of Dairy Research 52 (1985) 167-181
116. Smilowitz J.T., Dillard C.J., and German J.B. Milk beyond essential nutrients: The metabolic food. Australian Journal of Dairy Technology 60 (2005) 77-83
117. Smithers G.W. Isolation of growth factors from whey and their application in the food and biotechnology industries-A brief review. Bulletin of the International Dairy Federation 389 (2004) 16-19
118. Smithers G.W., Ballard F.J., Copeland A.D., De Silva K.J., Dionysius D.A., Francis G.L., et al. New opportunities from the isolation and utilization of whey proteins. Journal of Dairy Science 79 (1996) 1454-1459
119. Tenovuo J. Clinical applications of antimicrobial host proteins lactoperoxidase, lysozyme and lactoferrin in xerostomia: Efficacy and safety. Oral Diseases 8 (2002) 23-29
120. Tipton K.D., Elliott T.A., Cree M.G., Wolf S.E., Sanford A.P., and Wolfe R.R. Ingestion of casein and whey proteins result in muscle anabolism after resistance exercise. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 36 (2004) 2073-2081
121. Tome D. Whey proteins and their consequences in weight control, glucose homeostasis, and insulin sensitivity. Proceedings of the fourth international whey conference, Chicago, USA (2006), American Dairy Products Institute, Elmhurst, IL, USA 70-81
122. van Steenberghe D., Van den Eynde E., Jacobs R., and Quirynen M. Effect of a lactoperoxidase containing toothpaste in radiation-induced xerostomia. International Dental Journal 44 (1994) 133-138
123. Vorland L.H. Lactoferrin: A multifunctional glycoprotein. Acta Pathologica Microbiologica et Immunologica Scandinavica 107 (1999) 971-981
124. Wakabayashi H., Yamauchi K., and Takase M. Lactoferrin research, technology and applications. International Dairy Journal 16 (2006) 1241-1251
125. In: Zadow J.G. (Ed). Whey and lactose processing (1992), Elsevier, New York, NY, USA 489pp
126. Zadow, J. G. (1994). Utilization of milk components: Whey. In R. K. Robinson (Ed.), Modern dairy technology, advances in milk processing, Vol. 1 (2nd ed.) (pp. 313-373). London, UK: Chapman & Hall.
127. Zemel M.B. Role of calcium and dairy products in energy partitioning and weight management. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 79 Suppl. (2004) 907S-912S