메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 26, Issue 1, 2008, Pages 23-40

Role of Neurohormonal Modulators in Heart Failure with Relatively Preserved Systolic Function

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID; AMIODARONE; AMLODIPINE; ANGIOTENSIN RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST; ANTITHROMBOCYTIC AGENT; ATENOLOL; BETA ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; CANDESARTAN; CAPTOPRIL; CARVEDILOL; DIGOXIN; DIPEPTIDYL CARBOXYPEPTIDASE INHIBITOR; DIURETIC AGENT; ENALAPRIL; EPLERENONE; HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE; IRBESARTAN; LISINOPRIL; LOSARTAN; NEUROHORMONE; NITRIC ACID DERIVATIVE; PERINDOPRIL; PLACEBO; PROPRANOLOL; RAMIPRIL; SPIRONOLACTONE; TIMOLOL; TRANDOLAPRIL; UNINDEXED DRUG; VALSARTAN;

EID: 39649121908     PISSN: 07338651     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ccl.2007.11.001     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (9)

References (152)
  • 1
    • 2442674610 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • American Heart Association, American Heart Association, Dallas (TX)
    • American Heart Association. Heart disease and stroke statistics-2004 update (2003), American Heart Association, Dallas (TX)
    • (2003) Heart disease and stroke statistics-2004 update
  • 2
    • 0004312698 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • American Heart Association, American Heart Association, Dallas (TX)
    • American Heart Association. 2002 heart and stroke statistical update (2003), American Heart Association, Dallas (TX)
    • (2003) 2002 heart and stroke statistical update
  • 3
    • 0034755379 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemiology of heart failure
    • Miller L.W., and Missov E.D. Epidemiology of heart failure. Cardiol Clin 19 (2001) 547-555
    • (2001) Cardiol Clin , vol.19 , pp. 547-555
    • Miller, L.W.1    Missov, E.D.2
  • 4
    • 0032909341 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hospitalization of patients with heart failure: National Hospital Discharge Survey, 1985 to 1995
    • Haldeman G.A., Croft J.B., Giles W.H., et al. Hospitalization of patients with heart failure: National Hospital Discharge Survey, 1985 to 1995. Am Heart J 137 (1999) 352-360
    • (1999) Am Heart J , vol.137 , pp. 352-360
    • Haldeman, G.A.1    Croft, J.B.2    Giles, W.H.3
  • 5
    • 0842265892 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heart failure with preserved left ventricular systolic function: epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and prognosis
    • Hogg K., Swedlberg K., and McMurray J. Heart failure with preserved left ventricular systolic function: epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and prognosis. J Am Coll Cardiol 43 (2004) 317-327
    • (2004) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.43 , pp. 317-327
    • Hogg, K.1    Swedlberg, K.2    McMurray, J.3
  • 6
    • 0035876895 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of heart failure in Asturias (a region in the north of Spain)
    • Cortina A., Reguero J., Segovia E., et al. Prevalence of heart failure in Asturias (a region in the north of Spain). Am J Cardiol 87 (2001) 1417-1419
    • (2001) Am J Cardiol , vol.87 , pp. 1417-1419
    • Cortina, A.1    Reguero, J.2    Segovia, E.3
  • 7
    • 0032972473 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of heart failure and left ventricular dysfunction in the general population: the Rotterdam Study
    • Mosterd A., Hoes A.W., de Bruyne M.C., et al. Prevalence of heart failure and left ventricular dysfunction in the general population: the Rotterdam Study. Eur Heart J 20 (1999) 447-455
    • (1999) Eur Heart J , vol.20 , pp. 447-455
    • Mosterd, A.1    Hoes, A.W.2    de Bruyne, M.C.3
  • 8
    • 0034776593 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cross-sectional study estimating prevalence of heart failure and left ventricular systolic dysfunction in community patients at risk
    • Nielsen O.W., Hilden J., Larsen C.T., et al. Cross-sectional study estimating prevalence of heart failure and left ventricular systolic dysfunction in community patients at risk. Heart 86 (2001) 172-178
    • (2001) Heart , vol.86 , pp. 172-178
    • Nielsen, O.W.1    Hilden, J.2    Larsen, C.T.3
  • 9
    • 0034937944 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Left ventricular systolic dysfunction in 75-year-old men and women; a population-based study
    • Hedberg P., Lonnberg I., Jonason T., et al. Left ventricular systolic dysfunction in 75-year-old men and women; a population-based study. Eur Heart J 22 (2001) 676-683
    • (2001) Eur Heart J , vol.22 , pp. 676-683
    • Hedberg, P.1    Lonnberg, I.2    Jonason, T.3
  • 10
    • 0033528260 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence and clinical characteristics of left ventricular dysfunction among elderly patients in general practice setting: cross-sectional survey
    • Morgan S., Smith H., Simpson I., et al. Prevalence and clinical characteristics of left ventricular dysfunction among elderly patients in general practice setting: cross-sectional survey. BMJ 318 (1999) 368-372
    • (1999) BMJ , vol.318 , pp. 368-372
    • Morgan, S.1    Smith, H.2    Simpson, I.3
  • 11
    • 0031010013 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Congestive heart failure in old age: prevalence, mechanisms and 4-year prognosis in the Helsinki Ageing Study
    • Kupari M., Lindroos M., Iivanainen A.M., et al. Congestive heart failure in old age: prevalence, mechanisms and 4-year prognosis in the Helsinki Ageing Study. J Intern Med 241 (1997) 387-394
    • (1997) J Intern Med , vol.241 , pp. 387-394
    • Kupari, M.1    Lindroos, M.2    Iivanainen, A.M.3
  • 12
    • 0036674339 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of chronic heart failure in Southwestern Europe: the EPICA study
    • EPICA Investigators
    • Ceia F., Fonseca C., Mota T., et al., EPICA Investigators. Prevalence of chronic heart failure in Southwestern Europe: the EPICA study. Eur J Heart Fail 4 (2002) 531-539
    • (2002) Eur J Heart Fail , vol.4 , pp. 531-539
    • Ceia, F.1    Fonseca, C.2    Mota, T.3
  • 13
    • 0035865536 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Importance of heart failure with preserved systolic function in patients > or = 65 years of age. CHS Research Group. Cardiovascular Health Study
    • Kitzman D.W., Gardin J.M., Gottdiener J.S., et al. Importance of heart failure with preserved systolic function in patients > or = 65 years of age. CHS Research Group. Cardiovascular Health Study. Am J Cardiol 87 (2001) 413-419
    • (2001) Am J Cardiol , vol.87 , pp. 413-419
    • Kitzman, D.W.1    Gardin, J.M.2    Gottdiener, J.S.3
  • 14
    • 0034670140 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Congestive heart failure despite normal left ventricular systolic function in a population-based sample: the Strong Heart Study
    • Devereux R.B., Roman M.J., Liu J.E., et al. Congestive heart failure despite normal left ventricular systolic function in a population-based sample: the Strong Heart Study. Am J Cardiol 86 (2000) 1090-1096
    • (2000) Am J Cardiol , vol.86 , pp. 1090-1096
    • Devereux, R.B.1    Roman, M.J.2    Liu, J.E.3
  • 15
    • 0037425535 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Burden of systolic and diastolic ventricular dysfunction in the community: appreciating the scope of the heart failure epidemic
    • Redfield M.M., Jacobsen S.J., Burnett Jr. J.C., et al. Burden of systolic and diastolic ventricular dysfunction in the community: appreciating the scope of the heart failure epidemic. JAMA 289 (2003) 194-202
    • (2003) JAMA , vol.289 , pp. 194-202
    • Redfield, M.M.1    Jacobsen, S.J.2    Burnett Jr., J.C.3
  • 16
    • 0028839751 scopus 로고
    • Prevalence, clinical features and prognosis of diastolic heart failure: an epidemiologic perspective
    • Vasan R.S., Benjamin E.J., and Levy D. Prevalence, clinical features and prognosis of diastolic heart failure: an epidemiologic perspective. J Am Coll Cardiol 26 (1995) 1565-1574
    • (1995) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.26 , pp. 1565-1574
    • Vasan, R.S.1    Benjamin, E.J.2    Levy, D.3
  • 17
    • 0037738584 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Outcomes in heart failure patients with preserved ejection fraction: mortality, readmission, and functional decline
    • Smith G.L., Masoudi F.A., Vaccarino V., et al. Outcomes in heart failure patients with preserved ejection fraction: mortality, readmission, and functional decline. J Am Coll Cardiol 41 (2003) 1510-1518
    • (2003) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.41 , pp. 1510-1518
    • Smith, G.L.1    Masoudi, F.A.2    Vaccarino, V.3
  • 18
    • 0346271500 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Acute Decompensated Heart Failure National Registry (ADHERE): opportunities to improve care of patients hospitalized with acute decompensated heart failure
    • Fonarow GC for the ADHERE Scientific Advisory Committee
    • Fonarow GC for the ADHERE Scientific Advisory Committee. The Acute Decompensated Heart Failure National Registry (ADHERE): opportunities to improve care of patients hospitalized with acute decompensated heart failure. Rev Cardiovasc Med 4 Suppl 7 (2003) S21-S30
    • (2003) Rev Cardiovasc Med , vol.4 , Issue.SUPPL. 7
  • 19
    • 0035195597 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ACC/AHA guidelines for the evaluation and management of chronic heart failure in the adult: executive summary. A report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Committee to revise the 1995 Guidelines for the Evaluation and Management of Heart Failure)
    • Hunt S.A., Baker D.W., Chin M.H., et al. ACC/AHA guidelines for the evaluation and management of chronic heart failure in the adult: executive summary. A report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Committee to revise the 1995 Guidelines for the Evaluation and Management of Heart Failure). J Am Coll Cardiol 38 (2001) 2101-2113
    • (2001) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.38 , pp. 2101-2113
    • Hunt, S.A.1    Baker, D.W.2    Chin, M.H.3
  • 20
    • 0015237841 scopus 로고
    • The natural history of congestive heart failure: the Framingham study
    • McKee P.A., Castelli W.P., McNamara P.M., et al. The natural history of congestive heart failure: the Framingham study. N Engl J Med 285 (1971) 1441-1446
    • (1971) N Engl J Med , vol.285 , pp. 1441-1446
    • McKee, P.A.1    Castelli, W.P.2    McNamara, P.M.3
  • 21
    • 1542723196 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New insights into diastolic heart failure: role of diabetes mellitus
    • Piccini J.P., Klein L., Gheorghiade M., et al. New insights into diastolic heart failure: role of diabetes mellitus. Am J Med 116 5A (2004) 64S-75S
    • (2004) Am J Med , vol.116 , Issue.5 A
    • Piccini, J.P.1    Klein, L.2    Gheorghiade, M.3
  • 22
    • 0038798086 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bedside B-type natriuretic peptide in the emergency diagnosis of heart failure with reduced or preserved ejection fraction. Results from the Breathing not Properly Multinational Study
    • Maisel A.S., McCord J., Nowak R.M., et al. Bedside B-type natriuretic peptide in the emergency diagnosis of heart failure with reduced or preserved ejection fraction. Results from the Breathing not Properly Multinational Study. J Am Coll Cardiol 41 (2003) 2018-2021
    • (2003) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.41 , pp. 2018-2021
    • Maisel, A.S.1    McCord, J.2    Nowak, R.M.3
  • 23
    • 0037133660 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New concepts in diastolic dysfunction and diastolic heart failure: part I: diagnosis, prognosis, and measurements of diastolic function
    • Zile M.R., and Brutsaert D.L. New concepts in diastolic dysfunction and diastolic heart failure: part I: diagnosis, prognosis, and measurements of diastolic function. Circulation 105 (2002) 1387-1393
    • (2002) Circulation , vol.105 , pp. 1387-1393
    • Zile, M.R.1    Brutsaert, D.L.2
  • 24
    • 3843094224 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diastolic heart failure-abnormalities in active relaxation and passive stiffness of the left ventricle
    • Zile M.R., Catalin F.B., and Gaasch W.H. Diastolic heart failure-abnormalities in active relaxation and passive stiffness of the left ventricle. N Engl J Med 350 (2004) 1953-1959
    • (2004) N Engl J Med , vol.350 , pp. 1953-1959
    • Zile, M.R.1    Catalin, F.B.2    Gaasch, W.H.3
  • 25
    • 0038523921 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: is this diastolic heart failure?
    • Zile M.R. Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: is this diastolic heart failure?. J Am Coll Cardiol 41 (2003) 1519-1522
    • (2003) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.41 , pp. 1519-1522
    • Zile, M.R.1
  • 26
    • 0032127076 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How to diagnose diastolic heart failure
    • European Study Group on Diastolic Heart Failure
    • European Study Group on Diastolic Heart Failure. How to diagnose diastolic heart failure. Eur Heart J 19 (1998) 990-1003
    • (1998) Eur Heart J , vol.19 , pp. 990-1003
  • 27
    • 0034595310 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Defining diastolic heart failure: a call for standardized diagnostic criteria
    • Vasan R.S., and Levy D. Defining diastolic heart failure: a call for standardized diagnostic criteria. Circulation 101 (2000) 2118-2121
    • (2000) Circulation , vol.101 , pp. 2118-2121
    • Vasan, R.S.1    Levy, D.2
  • 28
    • 0035804283 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The pathogenesis of acute pulmonary edema associated with hypertension
    • Gandhi S.K., Powers J.C., Nomeir A.M., et al. The pathogenesis of acute pulmonary edema associated with hypertension. N Engl J Med 344 (2001) 17-22
    • (2001) N Engl J Med , vol.344 , pp. 17-22
    • Gandhi, S.K.1    Powers, J.C.2    Nomeir, A.M.3
  • 29
    • 3042715684 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differences between patients with a preserved and a depressed left ventricular function: a report from the EuroHeart Failure Survey
    • Lenzen M.J., Scholte op Reimer W.J.M., Boersma E., et al. Differences between patients with a preserved and a depressed left ventricular function: a report from the EuroHeart Failure Survey. Eur Heart J 25 (2004) 1214-1220
    • (2004) Eur Heart J , vol.25 , pp. 1214-1220
    • Lenzen, M.J.1    Scholte op Reimer, W.J.M.2    Boersma, E.3
  • 30
    • 0037032384 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pathophysiological characterization of isolated diastolic heart failure in comparison to systolic heart failure
    • Kitzman D.W., Little W.C., Brubaker P.H., et al. Pathophysiological characterization of isolated diastolic heart failure in comparison to systolic heart failure. JAMA 288 (2002) 2144-2150
    • (2002) JAMA , vol.288 , pp. 2144-2150
    • Kitzman, D.W.1    Little, W.C.2    Brubaker, P.H.3
  • 31
    • 0036776201 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diastolic heart failure in the community: clinical profile, natural history, therapy, and impact of proposed diagnostic criteria
    • Chen H.H., Lainchbury J.G., Senni M., et al. Diastolic heart failure in the community: clinical profile, natural history, therapy, and impact of proposed diagnostic criteria. J Card Fail 8 (2002) 279-287
    • (2002) J Card Fail , vol.8 , pp. 279-287
    • Chen, H.H.1    Lainchbury, J.G.2    Senni, M.3
  • 32
    • 0029561989 scopus 로고
    • Hospitalized congestive heart failure patients with preserved versus abnormal left ventricular systolic function: clinical characteristics and drug therapy
    • McDermott M.M., Feinglass J., Sy J., et al. Hospitalized congestive heart failure patients with preserved versus abnormal left ventricular systolic function: clinical characteristics and drug therapy. Am J Med 99 (1995) 629-635
    • (1995) Am J Med , vol.99 , pp. 629-635
    • McDermott, M.M.1    Feinglass, J.2    Sy, J.3
  • 33
    • 0034560074 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Systolic versus diastolic heart failure in the community practice: clinical features, outcomes, and the use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors
    • Philbin E.F., Rocco T.A., Lindenmuth N.W., et al. Systolic versus diastolic heart failure in the community practice: clinical features, outcomes, and the use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors. Am J Med 109 (2000) 605-613
    • (2000) Am J Med , vol.109 , pp. 605-613
    • Philbin, E.F.1    Rocco, T.A.2    Lindenmuth, N.W.3
  • 34
    • 0031567876 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Course and prognosis in patients > or = 70 years of age with congestive heart failure and normal versus abnormal left ventricular ejection fraction
    • Pernenkil R., Vinson J.M., Shah A.S., et al. Course and prognosis in patients > or = 70 years of age with congestive heart failure and normal versus abnormal left ventricular ejection fraction. Am J Cardiol 79 (1997) 216-219
    • (1997) Am J Cardiol , vol.79 , pp. 216-219
    • Pernenkil, R.1    Vinson, J.M.2    Shah, A.S.3
  • 35
    • 0030713331 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Systolic function, readmission rates, and survival among consecutively hospitalized patients with congestive heart failure
    • McDermott M.M., Feinglass J., Lee P.I., et al. Systolic function, readmission rates, and survival among consecutively hospitalized patients with congestive heart failure. Am Heart J 134 (1997) 728-736
    • (1997) Am Heart J , vol.134 , pp. 728-736
    • McDermott, M.M.1    Feinglass, J.2    Lee, P.I.3
  • 36
    • 0032741126 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Congestive heart failure in subjects with normal versus reduced left ventricular ejection fraction: prevalence and mortality in a population-based cohort
    • Vasan R.S., Larson M.G., Benjamin E.J., et al. Congestive heart failure in subjects with normal versus reduced left ventricular ejection fraction: prevalence and mortality in a population-based cohort. J Am Coll Cardiol 33 (1999) 1948-1955
    • (1999) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.33 , pp. 1948-1955
    • Vasan, R.S.1    Larson, M.G.2    Benjamin, E.J.3
  • 37
    • 0032773173 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insights into the contemporary epidemiology and outpatient management of congestive heart failure
    • McAlister F.A., Teo K.K., Taher M., et al. Insights into the contemporary epidemiology and outpatient management of congestive heart failure. Am Heart J 138 (1999) 87-94
    • (1999) Am Heart J , vol.138 , pp. 87-94
    • McAlister, F.A.1    Teo, K.K.2    Taher, M.3
  • 38
    • 0032564326 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Congestive heart failure in the community: a study of all incident cases in Olmsted County, Minnesota, in 1991
    • Senni M., Tribouilloy C.M., Rodeheffer R.J., et al. Congestive heart failure in the community: a study of all incident cases in Olmsted County, Minnesota, in 1991. Circulation 98 (1998) 2282-2289
    • (1998) Circulation , vol.98 , pp. 2282-2289
    • Senni, M.1    Tribouilloy, C.M.2    Rodeheffer, R.J.3
  • 39
    • 0034853152 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of age on mortality, hospitalizations and response to digoxin in patients with heart failure: the DIG Study
    • Rich M.W., McSherry F., Williford W.O., et al. Effect of age on mortality, hospitalizations and response to digoxin in patients with heart failure: the DIG Study. J Am Coll Cardiol 38 (2001) 806-813
    • (2001) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.38 , pp. 806-813
    • Rich, M.W.1    McSherry, F.2    Williford, W.O.3
  • 40
    • 0036874032 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical features and prognosis associated with a preserved left ventricular systolic function in a large cohort of congestive heart failure outpatients managed by cardiologists: data from the Italian Network on Congestive Heart Failure
    • Tarantini L., Faggiano P., Senni M., et al. Clinical features and prognosis associated with a preserved left ventricular systolic function in a large cohort of congestive heart failure outpatients managed by cardiologists: data from the Italian Network on Congestive Heart Failure. Ital Heart J 3 (2002) 656-664
    • (2002) Ital Heart J , vol.3 , pp. 656-664
    • Tarantini, L.1    Faggiano, P.2    Senni, M.3
  • 41
    • 0031051347 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of digoxin on mortality and morbidity in patients with heart failure
    • The Digitalis Investigation Group
    • The Digitalis Investigation Group. The effect of digoxin on mortality and morbidity in patients with heart failure. N Engl J Med 336 (1997) 525-533
    • (1997) N Engl J Med , vol.336 , pp. 525-533
  • 42
    • 0025875661 scopus 로고
    • Congestive heart failure symptoms in patients with preserved left ventricular systolic function: analysis of the CASS registry
    • Judge K.W., Pawitan Y., Caldwell J., et al. Congestive heart failure symptoms in patients with preserved left ventricular systolic function: analysis of the CASS registry. J Am Coll Cardiol 18 (1991) 377-382
    • (1991) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.18 , pp. 377-382
    • Judge, K.W.1    Pawitan, Y.2    Caldwell, J.3
  • 43
    • 0026778596 scopus 로고
    • Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction as a cause of congestive heart failure: mechanisms and management
    • Bonow R.O., and Udelson J.E. Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction as a cause of congestive heart failure: mechanisms and management. Ann Intern Med 117 (1992) 502-510
    • (1992) Ann Intern Med , vol.117 , pp. 502-510
    • Bonow, R.O.1    Udelson, J.E.2
  • 44
    • 0014854017 scopus 로고
    • The shape and movements of the human left ventricle during systole: a study by cineangiography and by cineradiography of epicardial markers
    • McDonald I.G. The shape and movements of the human left ventricle during systole: a study by cineangiography and by cineradiography of epicardial markers. Am J Cardiol 26 (1970) 221-230
    • (1970) Am J Cardiol , vol.26 , pp. 221-230
    • McDonald, I.G.1
  • 45
    • 0016824666 scopus 로고
    • Measurement of midwall myocardial dynamics in intact man by radiography of surgically implanted markers
    • Ingels N.B., Daughters G.T., Stinson E.B., et al. Measurement of midwall myocardial dynamics in intact man by radiography of surgically implanted markers. Circulation 52 (1975) 859-867
    • (1975) Circulation , vol.52 , pp. 859-867
    • Ingels, N.B.1    Daughters, G.T.2    Stinson, E.B.3
  • 46
    • 0032526034 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Left ventricular systolic torsion and early diastolic filling by echocardiography in normal humans
    • Rothfeld J.M., LeWinter M.M., and Tischler M.D. Left ventricular systolic torsion and early diastolic filling by echocardiography in normal humans. Am J Cardiol 81 (1998) 1465-1469
    • (1998) Am J Cardiol , vol.81 , pp. 1465-1469
    • Rothfeld, J.M.1    LeWinter, M.M.2    Tischler, M.D.3
  • 47
    • 0035187526 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Noncircumferential myofiber function: impact on early diastolic filling in children
    • Michelfelder E.C., Khoury P., Witt S.A., et al. Noncircumferential myofiber function: impact on early diastolic filling in children. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 14 (2001) 1065-1069
    • (2001) J Am Soc Echocardiogr , vol.14 , pp. 1065-1069
    • Michelfelder, E.C.1    Khoury, P.2    Witt, S.A.3
  • 48
    • 0026557770 scopus 로고
    • Dissociation between left ventricular untwisting and filling: accentuation by catecholamines
    • Rademakers F.E., Buchalter M.B., Rogers W.J., et al. Dissociation between left ventricular untwisting and filling: accentuation by catecholamines. Circulation 85 (1992) 1572-1581
    • (1992) Circulation , vol.85 , pp. 1572-1581
    • Rademakers, F.E.1    Buchalter, M.B.2    Rogers, W.J.3
  • 49
    • 0025563383 scopus 로고
    • Minimum left ventricular pressure during beta-adrenergic stimulation in human subjects: evidence for elastic recoil and diastolic "suction" in the normal heart
    • Udelson J.E., Bacharach S.L., Cannon III R.O., et al. Minimum left ventricular pressure during beta-adrenergic stimulation in human subjects: evidence for elastic recoil and diastolic "suction" in the normal heart. Circulation 82 (1990) 1174-1182
    • (1990) Circulation , vol.82 , pp. 1174-1182
    • Udelson, J.E.1    Bacharach, S.L.2    Cannon III, R.O.3
  • 50
    • 0037177171 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New concepts in diastolic dysfunction and diastolic heart failure II. Causal mechanisms and treatment
    • Zile M.R., and Brutsaert D.L. New concepts in diastolic dysfunction and diastolic heart failure II. Causal mechanisms and treatment. Circulation 105 (2002) 1503-1508
    • (2002) Circulation , vol.105 , pp. 1503-1508
    • Zile, M.R.1    Brutsaert, D.L.2
  • 52
    • 0017706049 scopus 로고
    • Myocardial contracture and accumulation of mitochondrial calcium in ischemic rabbit heart
    • Henry P.D., Schuchleib R., Davis J., et al. Myocardial contracture and accumulation of mitochondrial calcium in ischemic rabbit heart. Am J Physiol 233 (1977) H677-H684
    • (1977) Am J Physiol , vol.233
    • Henry, P.D.1    Schuchleib, R.2    Davis, J.3
  • 53
    • 0016192280 scopus 로고
    • Incomplete relaxation between beats after myocardial hypoxia and ischemia
    • Weisfeldt M.L., Armstrong P., Scully H.E., et al. Incomplete relaxation between beats after myocardial hypoxia and ischemia. J Clin Invest 53 (1974) 1626-1636
    • (1974) J Clin Invest , vol.53 , pp. 1626-1636
    • Weisfeldt, M.L.1    Armstrong, P.2    Scully, H.E.3
  • 54
    • 0015594940 scopus 로고
    • Mitochondria and sarcoplasmic reticulum function in cardiac hypertrophy and failure
    • Sordahl L.A., McCollum W.B., Wood W.G., et al. Mitochondria and sarcoplasmic reticulum function in cardiac hypertrophy and failure. Am J Physiol 224 (1973) 497-502
    • (1973) Am J Physiol , vol.224 , pp. 497-502
    • Sordahl, L.A.1    McCollum, W.B.2    Wood, W.G.3
  • 55
    • 0016074587 scopus 로고
    • Intracellular calcium and myocardial contractility. V. Calcium uptake of sarcoplasmic reticulum fractions in hypertrophied and failing rabbit hearts
    • Ito Y., Suko J., and Chidsey C.A. Intracellular calcium and myocardial contractility. V. Calcium uptake of sarcoplasmic reticulum fractions in hypertrophied and failing rabbit hearts. J Mol Cell Cardiol 6 (1974) 237-247
    • (1974) J Mol Cell Cardiol , vol.6 , pp. 237-247
    • Ito, Y.1    Suko, J.2    Chidsey, C.A.3
  • 56
    • 0023189660 scopus 로고
    • Abnormal intracellular calcium handling in myocardium from patients with end-stage heart failure
    • Gwathmey J.K., Copelas L., MacKinnon R., et al. Abnormal intracellular calcium handling in myocardium from patients with end-stage heart failure. Circ Res 61 (1987) 70-76
    • (1987) Circ Res , vol.61 , pp. 70-76
    • Gwathmey, J.K.1    Copelas, L.2    MacKinnon, R.3
  • 57
    • 0033899508 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alterations in the determinants of diastolic suction during pacing tachycardia
    • Bell S.P., Nyland L., Tischler M.D., et al. Alterations in the determinants of diastolic suction during pacing tachycardia. Circ Res 87 (2000) 235-240
    • (2000) Circ Res , vol.87 , pp. 235-240
    • Bell, S.P.1    Nyland, L.2    Tischler, M.D.3
  • 58
    • 0033962880 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential expression of cardiac titin isoforms and modulation of cellular stiffness
    • Cazorla O., Freiburg A., Helmes M., et al. Differential expression of cardiac titin isoforms and modulation of cellular stiffness. Circ Res 86 (2000) 59-67
    • (2000) Circ Res , vol.86 , pp. 59-67
    • Cazorla, O.1    Freiburg, A.2    Helmes, M.3
  • 59
    • 0024410697 scopus 로고
    • Fibrillar collagen and myocardial stiffness in the intact hypertrophied rat left ventricle
    • Jalil J.E., Doering C.W., Janicki J.S., et al. Fibrillar collagen and myocardial stiffness in the intact hypertrophied rat left ventricle. Circ Res 64 (1989) 1041-1050
    • (1989) Circ Res , vol.64 , pp. 1041-1050
    • Jalil, J.E.1    Doering, C.W.2    Janicki, J.S.3
  • 60
    • 0025253590 scopus 로고
    • Myocardial fibrosis and pathologic hypertrophy in the rat with renovascular hypertension
    • Weber K.T., Janicki J.S., Pick R., et al. Myocardial fibrosis and pathologic hypertrophy in the rat with renovascular hypertension. Am J Cardiol 65 (1990) G1-G7
    • (1990) Am J Cardiol , vol.65
    • Weber, K.T.1    Janicki, J.S.2    Pick, R.3
  • 61
    • 0029135237 scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of collagen cross-linking: effects on fibrillar collagen and ventricular diastolic function
    • Kato S., Spinale F.G., Tanaka R., et al. Inhibition of collagen cross-linking: effects on fibrillar collagen and ventricular diastolic function. Am J Physiol 269 (1995) H863-H868
    • (1995) Am J Physiol , vol.269
    • Kato, S.1    Spinale, F.G.2    Tanaka, R.3
  • 62
    • 0028805184 scopus 로고
    • The cardiac renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and hypertensive cardiac hypertrophy
    • Raman V.K., Lee Y.A., and Lindpaintner K. The cardiac renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and hypertensive cardiac hypertrophy. Am J Cardiol 76 (1995) 18D-23D
    • (1995) Am J Cardiol , vol.76
    • Raman, V.K.1    Lee, Y.A.2    Lindpaintner, K.3
  • 63
    • 0027285976 scopus 로고
    • Tissue renin-angiotensin system in myocardial hypertrophy and failure
    • Dzau V.J. Tissue renin-angiotensin system in myocardial hypertrophy and failure. Arch Intern Med 153 (1993) 937-942
    • (1993) Arch Intern Med , vol.153 , pp. 937-942
    • Dzau, V.J.1
  • 64
    • 0025688895 scopus 로고
    • Increased rat cardiac angiotensin converting enzyme activity and mRNA expression in pressure overload left ventricular hypertrophy: effects on coronary resistance, contractility and relaxation
    • Schunkert H., Dzau V.J., Tang S.S., et al. Increased rat cardiac angiotensin converting enzyme activity and mRNA expression in pressure overload left ventricular hypertrophy: effects on coronary resistance, contractility and relaxation. J Clin Invest 86 (1990) 1913-1920
    • (1990) J Clin Invest , vol.86 , pp. 1913-1920
    • Schunkert, H.1    Dzau, V.J.2    Tang, S.S.3
  • 65
    • 0026533735 scopus 로고
    • Exacerbation of left ventricular ischemic diastolic dysfunction by pressure-overload hypertrophy: modification by specific inhibition of cardiac angiotensin converting enzyme
    • Eberli F.R., Apstein C.S., Ngoy S., et al. Exacerbation of left ventricular ischemic diastolic dysfunction by pressure-overload hypertrophy: modification by specific inhibition of cardiac angiotensin converting enzyme. Circ Res 70 (1992) 931-943
    • (1992) Circ Res , vol.70 , pp. 931-943
    • Eberli, F.R.1    Apstein, C.S.2    Ngoy, S.3
  • 66
    • 0026561589 scopus 로고
    • Exacerbation of ischemic dysfunction by angiotensin II in red cell-perfused rabbit hearts: Effects of coronary flow, contractility, and high-energy phosphate metabolism
    • Mochizuki T., Eberli F.R., Apstein C.S., et al. Exacerbation of ischemic dysfunction by angiotensin II in red cell-perfused rabbit hearts: Effects of coronary flow, contractility, and high-energy phosphate metabolism. J Clin Invest 89 (1992) 490-498
    • (1992) J Clin Invest , vol.89 , pp. 490-498
    • Mochizuki, T.1    Eberli, F.R.2    Apstein, C.S.3
  • 67
    • 0030918425 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tissue-specific expression of alpha and beta messenger ribonucleic acid isoforms of the human mineralocorticoid receptor in normal and pathological states
    • Zennaro M.C., Farman N., Bonbalet J.P., et al. Tissue-specific expression of alpha and beta messenger ribonucleic acid isoforms of the human mineralocorticoid receptor in normal and pathological states. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 82 (1997) 1345-1352
    • (1997) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.82 , pp. 1345-1352
    • Zennaro, M.C.1    Farman, N.2    Bonbalet, J.P.3
  • 68
    • 0035818917 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aldosterone in congestive heart failure
    • Weber K.T. Aldosterone in congestive heart failure. N Engl J Med 345 (2001) 1689-1697
    • (2001) N Engl J Med , vol.345 , pp. 1689-1697
    • Weber, K.T.1
  • 69
    • 0026692172 scopus 로고
    • Aldosterone regulation of gene transcription leading to control of ion transport
    • Horisberger J.D., and Rossier B.C. Aldosterone regulation of gene transcription leading to control of ion transport. Hypertension 19 (1992) 221-227
    • (1992) Hypertension , vol.19 , pp. 221-227
    • Horisberger, J.D.1    Rossier, B.C.2
  • 70
    • 0028360454 scopus 로고
    • Increased cardiac types I and III collagen mRNAs in aldosterone-salt hypertension
    • Robert V., Van Thiem N., Cheav S.L., et al. Increased cardiac types I and III collagen mRNAs in aldosterone-salt hypertension. Hypertension 24 (1994) 30-36
    • (1994) Hypertension , vol.24 , pp. 30-36
    • Robert, V.1    Van Thiem, N.2    Cheav, S.L.3
  • 71
    • 3042616446 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of aldosterone and aldosterone-receptor antagonists in heart failure
    • Khan N.U., and Movahed A. The role of aldosterone and aldosterone-receptor antagonists in heart failure. Rev Cardiovasc Med 5 (2004) 71-81
    • (2004) Rev Cardiovasc Med , vol.5 , pp. 71-81
    • Khan, N.U.1    Movahed, A.2
  • 72
    • 0023882927 scopus 로고
    • Microvascular changes in the heart during chronic arterial hypertension
    • Laine G.A. Microvascular changes in the heart during chronic arterial hypertension. Circ Res 62 (1988) 953-960
    • (1988) Circ Res , vol.62 , pp. 953-960
    • Laine, G.A.1
  • 73
    • 0028135690 scopus 로고
    • Aging and cardiovascular responsiveness to beta-agonist in humans: role of changes in beta-receptor responses versus baroreflex activity
    • White M., and Leenen F.H. Aging and cardiovascular responsiveness to beta-agonist in humans: role of changes in beta-receptor responses versus baroreflex activity. Clin Pharmacol Ther 56 (1994) 543-553
    • (1994) Clin Pharmacol Ther , vol.56 , pp. 543-553
    • White, M.1    Leenen, F.H.2
  • 74
    • 0020149031 scopus 로고
    • Myocardial aging: functional alterations and related cellular mechanisms
    • Lakatta E.G., and Yin F.C. Myocardial aging: functional alterations and related cellular mechanisms. Am J Physiol 242 (1982) H927-H941
    • (1982) Am J Physiol , vol.242
    • Lakatta, E.G.1    Yin, F.C.2
  • 75
    • 0034841190 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diastolic heart failure, diastolic left ventricular dysfunction and exercise intolerance
    • O'Rourke M.F. Diastolic heart failure, diastolic left ventricular dysfunction and exercise intolerance. J Am Coll Cardiol 38 (2001) 803-805
    • (2001) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.38 , pp. 803-805
    • O'Rourke, M.F.1
  • 76
    • 0032903774 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diastolic dysfunction in hypertensive heart disease is associated with altered myocardial metabolism
    • Lamb H.J., Beyerbacht H.P., van der Laarse A., et al. Diastolic dysfunction in hypertensive heart disease is associated with altered myocardial metabolism. Circulation 99 (1999) 2261-2267
    • (1999) Circulation , vol.99 , pp. 2261-2267
    • Lamb, H.J.1    Beyerbacht, H.P.2    van der Laarse, A.3
  • 77
    • 0029125732 scopus 로고
    • Bioenergetic consequences of left ventricular remodeling
    • Zhang J., and McDonald K.M. Bioenergetic consequences of left ventricular remodeling. Circulation 92 (1995) 1011-1019
    • (1995) Circulation , vol.92 , pp. 1011-1019
    • Zhang, J.1    McDonald, K.M.2
  • 78
    • 0026560978 scopus 로고
    • Relaxation abnormalities in single cardiac myocytes from renovascular hypertensive rats
    • Yelamarty R.V., Moore R.L., Yu F.T., et al. Relaxation abnormalities in single cardiac myocytes from renovascular hypertensive rats. Am J Physiol 262 (1992) C980-C990
    • (1992) Am J Physiol , vol.262
    • Yelamarty, R.V.1    Moore, R.L.2    Yu, F.T.3
  • 79
    • 0033178717 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Afterload induced changes in myocardial relaxation: a mechanism for diastolic dysfunction
    • Leite-Moreira A.F., Correia-Pinto J., and Gillebert T.C. Afterload induced changes in myocardial relaxation: a mechanism for diastolic dysfunction. Cardiovasc Res 43 (1999) 344-353
    • (1999) Cardiovasc Res , vol.43 , pp. 344-353
    • Leite-Moreira, A.F.1    Correia-Pinto, J.2    Gillebert, T.C.3
  • 80
    • 0027722248 scopus 로고
    • Autocrine release of angiotensin II mediates stretch-induced hypertrophy of cardiac myocytes in vitro
    • Sadoshima J., Xu Y., Slayter H.S., et al. Autocrine release of angiotensin II mediates stretch-induced hypertrophy of cardiac myocytes in vitro. Cell 75 (1993) 977-984
    • (1993) Cell , vol.75 , pp. 977-984
    • Sadoshima, J.1    Xu, Y.2    Slayter, H.S.3
  • 81
    • 0029163388 scopus 로고
    • Intracellular signaling and genetic reprogramming during agonist-induced hypertrophy of cardiomyocytes
    • Van Heugten H.A., De Jonge H.W., Bezstarosti K., et al. Intracellular signaling and genetic reprogramming during agonist-induced hypertrophy of cardiomyocytes. Ann N Y Acad Sci 752 (1995) 343-352
    • (1995) Ann N Y Acad Sci , vol.752 , pp. 343-352
    • Van Heugten, H.A.1    De Jonge, H.W.2    Bezstarosti, K.3
  • 82
    • 0032910950 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Longitudinal changes and prognostic implications of left ventricular diastolic function in first acute myocardial infarction
    • Poulsen S.H., Jensen S.E., and Egstrup K. Longitudinal changes and prognostic implications of left ventricular diastolic function in first acute myocardial infarction. Am Heart J 137 (1999) 910-918
    • (1999) Am Heart J , vol.137 , pp. 910-918
    • Poulsen, S.H.1    Jensen, S.E.2    Egstrup, K.3
  • 83
    • 0031436295 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atrial fibrillation is associated with a lower exercise capacity in male chronic heart failure patients
    • Pardaens K., Van Cleemput J., Vanhaecke J., et al. Atrial fibrillation is associated with a lower exercise capacity in male chronic heart failure patients. Heart 78 (1997) 564-568
    • (1997) Heart , vol.78 , pp. 564-568
    • Pardaens, K.1    Van Cleemput, J.2    Vanhaecke, J.3
  • 84
    • 0034024274 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predictors of congestive heart failure in the elderly: the Cardiovascular Health Study
    • Gottdiener J.S., Arnold A.M., Aurigemma G.P., et al. Predictors of congestive heart failure in the elderly: the Cardiovascular Health Study. J Am Coll Cardiol 35 (2000) 1628-1637
    • (2000) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.35 , pp. 1628-1637
    • Gottdiener, J.S.1    Arnold, A.M.2    Aurigemma, G.P.3
  • 85
    • 0036919498 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relevance of subgroup-specific treatment effects: the Studies of Left Ventricular Dysfunction (SOLVD) revisited
    • Parker A.B., Yusuf S., and Naylor C.D. The relevance of subgroup-specific treatment effects: the Studies of Left Ventricular Dysfunction (SOLVD) revisited. Am Heart J 144 (2002) 941-947
    • (2002) Am Heart J , vol.144 , pp. 941-947
    • Parker, A.B.1    Yusuf, S.2    Naylor, C.D.3
  • 86
    • 0037432304 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevention of heart failure in patients in the Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation (HOPE) study
    • Arnold J.M., Yusuf S., Young J., et al. Prevention of heart failure in patients in the Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation (HOPE) study. Circulation 107 (2003) 1284-1290
    • (2003) Circulation , vol.107 , pp. 1284-1290
    • Arnold, J.M.1    Yusuf, S.2    Young, J.3
  • 87
    • 0017391405 scopus 로고
    • Diabetic cardiomyopathy: the preclinical phase
    • Seneviratne B.I. Diabetic cardiomyopathy: the preclinical phase. BMJ 1 (1977) 1444-1446
    • (1977) BMJ , vol.1 , pp. 1444-1446
    • Seneviratne, B.I.1
  • 88
    • 0028304920 scopus 로고
    • Which left ventricular function is impaired earlier in the evolution of diabetic cardiomyopathy?: an echocardiographic study of young type I diabetic patients
    • Raev D.C. Which left ventricular function is impaired earlier in the evolution of diabetic cardiomyopathy?: an echocardiographic study of young type I diabetic patients. Diabetes Care 17 (1994) 633-639
    • (1994) Diabetes Care , vol.17 , pp. 633-639
    • Raev, D.C.1
  • 89
    • 0035252663 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of diastolic dysfunction in normotensive, asymptomatic patients with well-controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus
    • Zabalgoitia M., Ismaeil M.F., Anderson L., et al. Prevalence of diastolic dysfunction in normotensive, asymptomatic patients with well-controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus. Am J Cardiol 87 (2001) 320-323
    • (2001) Am J Cardiol , vol.87 , pp. 320-323
    • Zabalgoitia, M.1    Ismaeil, M.F.2    Anderson, L.3
  • 90
    • 0035369432 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of diabetes on left ventricular filling pattern in normotensive and hypertensive adults: the Strong Heart Study
    • Liu J.E., Palmieri V., Roman M.J., et al. The impact of diabetes on left ventricular filling pattern in normotensive and hypertensive adults: the Strong Heart Study. J Am Coll Cardiol 37 (2001) 1943-1949
    • (2001) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.37 , pp. 1943-1949
    • Liu, J.E.1    Palmieri, V.2    Roman, M.J.3
  • 91
    • 0020504978 scopus 로고
    • Effect of correction of hyperglycemia on left ventricular function in non-insulin-dependent (type 2) diabetics
    • Uusitupa M., Siitonen O., Aro A., et al. Effect of correction of hyperglycemia on left ventricular function in non-insulin-dependent (type 2) diabetics. Acta Med Scand 213 (1983) 363-368
    • (1983) Acta Med Scand , vol.213 , pp. 363-368
    • Uusitupa, M.1    Siitonen, O.2    Aro, A.3
  • 92
    • 0030037306 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The myocardial and vascular pathology of diabetic cardiomyopathy
    • Hardin N. The myocardial and vascular pathology of diabetic cardiomyopathy. Coron Artery Dis 7 (1996) 99-108
    • (1996) Coron Artery Dis , vol.7 , pp. 99-108
    • Hardin, N.1
  • 93
    • 0037117651 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adaptation and maladaptation of the heart in diabetes. II. Potential mechanisms
    • Young M.E., McNulty P., and Taegtmeyer H. Adaptation and maladaptation of the heart in diabetes. II. Potential mechanisms. Circulation 105 (2002) 1861-1870
    • (2002) Circulation , vol.105 , pp. 1861-1870
    • Young, M.E.1    McNulty, P.2    Taegtmeyer, H.3
  • 94
    • 0028225979 scopus 로고
    • Modification of myosin isozymes and SR Ca(2 +)-pump ATPase of the diabetic rat heart by lipid-lowering interventions
    • Rupp H., Elimban V., and Dhalla N.S. Modification of myosin isozymes and SR Ca(2 +)-pump ATPase of the diabetic rat heart by lipid-lowering interventions. Mol Cell Biochem 132 (1994) 69-80
    • (1994) Mol Cell Biochem , vol.132 , pp. 69-80
    • Rupp, H.1    Elimban, V.2    Dhalla, N.S.3
  • 95
    • 0007436490 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Why does the myocardium fail?: insights from basic science
    • Bristow M.R. Why does the myocardium fail?: insights from basic science. Lancet 352 (1998) S8-S14
    • (1998) Lancet , vol.352
    • Bristow, M.R.1
  • 96
    • 0033841128 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Streptozotocin-induced changes in cardiac gene expression in the absence of severe contractile dysfunction
    • Depre C., Young M.E., Ying J., et al. Streptozotocin-induced changes in cardiac gene expression in the absence of severe contractile dysfunction. J Mol Cell Cardiol 32 (2000) 985-996
    • (2000) J Mol Cell Cardiol , vol.32 , pp. 985-996
    • Depre, C.1    Young, M.E.2    Ying, J.3
  • 97
    • 0032835881 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential changes in cardiac myofibrillar and sarcoplasmic reticular gene expression in alloxan-induced diabetes
    • Golfman L., Dixon I.M., Takeda N., et al. Differential changes in cardiac myofibrillar and sarcoplasmic reticular gene expression in alloxan-induced diabetes. Mol Cell Biochem 200 (1999) 15-25
    • (1999) Mol Cell Biochem , vol.200 , pp. 15-25
    • Golfman, L.1    Dixon, I.M.2    Takeda, N.3
  • 98
    • 0029756774 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mitochondrial dysfunction accompanies diastolic dysfunction in diabetic rat heart
    • Flarsheim C.E., Grupp I.L., and Matlib M.A. Mitochondrial dysfunction accompanies diastolic dysfunction in diabetic rat heart. Am J Physiol 271 (1996) H192-H202
    • (1996) Am J Physiol , vol.271
    • Flarsheim, C.E.1    Grupp, I.L.2    Matlib, M.A.3
  • 99
    • 0034638797 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Etomoxir: a new approach to treatment of chronic heart failure
    • Bristow M. Etomoxir: a new approach to treatment of chronic heart failure. Lancet 356 (2000) 1621-1622
    • (2000) Lancet , vol.356 , pp. 1621-1622
    • Bristow, M.1
  • 100
    • 0041408234 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of candesartan in patients with chronic HF and preserved left-ventricular ejection fraction: the CHARM-Preserved Trial
    • Yusuf S., Pfeffer M.A., Swedberg K., et al. Effects of candesartan in patients with chronic HF and preserved left-ventricular ejection fraction: the CHARM-Preserved Trial. Lancet 362 (2003) 777-781
    • (2003) Lancet , vol.362 , pp. 777-781
    • Yusuf, S.1    Pfeffer, M.A.2    Swedberg, K.3
  • 101
    • 0344373794 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Major outcomes in high-risk hypertensive patients randomized to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or calcium channel blocker vs diuretic: the Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial (ALLHAT)
    • Officers ALLHAT and Coordinators for the ALLHAT Collaborative Research Group
    • Officers ALLHAT and Coordinators for the ALLHAT Collaborative Research Group. Major outcomes in high-risk hypertensive patients randomized to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or calcium channel blocker vs diuretic: the Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial (ALLHAT). JAMA 288 (2002) 2981-2997
    • (2002) JAMA , vol.288 , pp. 2981-2997
  • 102
    • 0034688194 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of an angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor, ramipril, on cardiovascular events in high-risk patients
    • The Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation Investigators
    • The Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation Investigators. Effects of an angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor, ramipril, on cardiovascular events in high-risk patients. N Engl J Med 342 (2000) 145-153
    • (2000) N Engl J Med , vol.342 , pp. 145-153
  • 103
    • 0028143970 scopus 로고
    • Emerging role of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors in cardiac and vascular protection
    • Lonn E.M., Yusuf S., Jha P., et al. Emerging role of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors in cardiac and vascular protection. Circulation 90 (1994) 2056-2069
    • (1994) Circulation , vol.90 , pp. 2056-2069
    • Lonn, E.M.1    Yusuf, S.2    Jha, P.3
  • 104
    • 0034724305 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expression of angiotensin II and interleukin 6 in human coronary atherosclerotic plaques: potential implications for inflammation and plaque instability
    • Schieffer B., Schieffer E., Hilfiker-Kleiner D., et al. Expression of angiotensin II and interleukin 6 in human coronary atherosclerotic plaques: potential implications for inflammation and plaque instability. Circulation 101 (2000) 1372-1378
    • (2000) Circulation , vol.101 , pp. 1372-1378
    • Schieffer, B.1    Schieffer, E.2    Hilfiker-Kleiner, D.3
  • 105
    • 0042330455 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of perindopril in reduction of cardiovascular events among patients with stable coronary artery disease: randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre trial (the EUROPA study)
    • The European trial on reduction of cardiac events with perindopril in stable coronary artery disease Investigators
    • The European trial on reduction of cardiac events with perindopril in stable coronary artery disease Investigators. Efficacy of perindopril in reduction of cardiovascular events among patients with stable coronary artery disease: randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre trial (the EUROPA study). Lancet 362 (2003) 782-788
    • (2003) Lancet , vol.362 , pp. 782-788
  • 106
    • 0033609470 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trandolapril reduces the incidence of atrial fibrillation after acute myocardial infarction in patients with left ventricular dysfunction
    • Pedersen O.D., Bagger H., Kober L., et al. Trandolapril reduces the incidence of atrial fibrillation after acute myocardial infarction in patients with left ventricular dysfunction. Circulation 100 (1999) 376-380
    • (1999) Circulation , vol.100 , pp. 376-380
    • Pedersen, O.D.1    Bagger, H.2    Kober, L.3
  • 107
    • 0038649984 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enalapril decreases the incidence of atrial fibrillation in patients with left ventricular dysfunction: insight from the Studies Of Left Ventricular Dysfunction (SOLVD) trials
    • Vermes E., Tardif J.C., Bourassa M.G., et al. Enalapril decreases the incidence of atrial fibrillation in patients with left ventricular dysfunction: insight from the Studies Of Left Ventricular Dysfunction (SOLVD) trials. Circulation 10 (2003) 2926-2931
    • (2003) Circulation , vol.10 , pp. 2926-2931
    • Vermes, E.1    Tardif, J.C.2    Bourassa, M.G.3
  • 108
    • 0033034404 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of angiotensin-converting- enzyme inhibition compared with conventional therapy on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in hypertension: the Captopril Prevention Project (CAPPP) randomised trial
    • Hansson L., Lindholm L.H., Niskanen L., et al. Effect of angiotensin-converting- enzyme inhibition compared with conventional therapy on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in hypertension: the Captopril Prevention Project (CAPPP) randomised trial. Lancet 353 (1999) 611-616
    • (1999) Lancet , vol.353 , pp. 611-616
    • Hansson, L.1    Lindholm, L.H.2    Niskanen, L.3
  • 109
    • 0142085752 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of eplerenone, enalapril, and eplerenone/enalapril in patients with essential hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy. The 4E-left ventricular hypertrophy study
    • Pitt B., Reichek N., Willenbrock R., et al. Effects of eplerenone, enalapril, and eplerenone/enalapril in patients with essential hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy. The 4E-left ventricular hypertrophy study. Circulation 108 (2003) 1831-1838
    • (2003) Circulation , vol.108 , pp. 1831-1838
    • Pitt, B.1    Reichek, N.2    Willenbrock, R.3
  • 110
    • 0034687149 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lisionpril-mediated regression of myocardial fibrosis in patients with hypertensive heart disease
    • Brilla C.G., Funck R.C., and Rupp H. Lisionpril-mediated regression of myocardial fibrosis in patients with hypertensive heart disease. Circulation 102 (2000) 1388-1393
    • (2000) Circulation , vol.102 , pp. 1388-1393
    • Brilla, C.G.1    Funck, R.C.2    Rupp, H.3
  • 111
    • 2942635317 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Outcomes in hypertensive patients at high cardiovascular risk treated with regimens based on valsartan or amlodipine: the VALUE randomised trial
    • VALUE trial group
    • Julius S., Kjeldsen S.E., Weber M., et al., VALUE trial group. Outcomes in hypertensive patients at high cardiovascular risk treated with regimens based on valsartan or amlodipine: the VALUE randomised trial. Lancet 363 (2004) 2022-2031
    • (2004) Lancet , vol.363 , pp. 2022-2031
    • Julius, S.1    Kjeldsen, S.E.2    Weber, M.3
  • 112
    • 0037160968 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in the Losartan Intervention For Endpoint reduction in hypertension study (LIFE): a randomised trial against atenolol
    • LIFE Study Group
    • Dahlof B., Devereux R.B., Kjeldsen S.E., et al., LIFE Study Group. Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in the Losartan Intervention For Endpoint reduction in hypertension study (LIFE): a randomised trial against atenolol. Lancet 359 (2002) 995-1003
    • (2002) Lancet , vol.359 , pp. 995-1003
    • Dahlof, B.1    Devereux, R.B.2    Kjeldsen, S.E.3
  • 113
    • 0037534905 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Study on Cognition and Prognosis in the Elderly (SCOPE): principal results of a randomized double-blind intervention trial
    • Lithell H., Hansson L., Skoog I., et al. The Study on Cognition and Prognosis in the Elderly (SCOPE): principal results of a randomized double-blind intervention trial. J Hypertens 21 (2003) 875-886
    • (2003) J Hypertens , vol.21 , pp. 875-886
    • Lithell, H.1    Hansson, L.2    Skoog, I.3
  • 114
    • 0037118662 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of irbesartan to maintain sinus rhythm in patients with long-lasting persistent atrial fibrillation: a prospective and randomized study
    • Madrid A.H., Bueno M.G., Rebollo J.M., et al. Use of irbesartan to maintain sinus rhythm in patients with long-lasting persistent atrial fibrillation: a prospective and randomized study. Circulation 106 (2002) 331-336
    • (2002) Circulation , vol.106 , pp. 331-336
    • Madrid, A.H.1    Bueno, M.G.2    Rebollo, J.M.3
  • 115
    • 4243830132 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regression of hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy by angiotensin receptor blockade versus beta-blockade: the LIFE trial (abstract)
    • Devereux R.B., Gerdts E., Wachtell K., et al. Regression of hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy by angiotensin receptor blockade versus beta-blockade: the LIFE trial (abstract). Am J Hypertens 15 (2002) 15A
    • (2002) Am J Hypertens , vol.15
    • Devereux, R.B.1    Gerdts, E.2    Wachtell, K.3
  • 116
    • 0022469583 scopus 로고
    • Randomised trial of treatment of hypertension in elderly patients in primary care
    • Coope J., and Warrender T.S. Randomised trial of treatment of hypertension in elderly patients in primary care. BMJ 293 (1986) 1145-1151
    • (1986) BMJ , vol.293 , pp. 1145-1151
    • Coope, J.1    Warrender, T.S.2
  • 117
    • 0027078047 scopus 로고
    • Antihypertensive efficacy and side effects of three beta-blockers and a diuretic in elderly hypertensives: a report from the STOP-Hypertension study
    • Ekbom T., Dahlof B., Hansson L., et al. Antihypertensive efficacy and side effects of three beta-blockers and a diuretic in elderly hypertensives: a report from the STOP-Hypertension study. J Hypertens 10 (1992) 1525-1530
    • (1992) J Hypertens , vol.10 , pp. 1525-1530
    • Ekbom, T.1    Dahlof, B.2    Hansson, L.3
  • 118
    • 0026512315 scopus 로고
    • Medical Research Council trial of treatment of hypertension in older adults: principal results
    • MRC Working Party
    • MRC Working Party. Medical Research Council trial of treatment of hypertension in older adults: principal results. BMJ 304 (1992) 405-412
    • (1992) BMJ , vol.304 , pp. 405-412
  • 119
    • 2442490999 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beta-blockers in hypertension: is carvedilol different?
    • Messerli F., and Grossman E. Beta-blockers in hypertension: is carvedilol different?. Am J Cardiol 93 Suppl (2004) 7B-12B
    • (2004) Am J Cardiol , vol.93 , Issue.SUPPL
    • Messerli, F.1    Grossman, E.2
  • 120
    • 0019459311 scopus 로고
    • Timolol-induced reduction in mortality and reinfarction in patients surviving acute myocardial infarction
    • Norwegian Multicenter Study Group
    • Norwegian Multicenter Study Group. Timolol-induced reduction in mortality and reinfarction in patients surviving acute myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med 304 (1981) 801-807
    • (1981) N Engl J Med , vol.304 , pp. 801-807
  • 121
    • 0020078179 scopus 로고
    • A randomized trial of propranolol in patients with acute myocardial infarction: I. Mortality results
    • Beta-Blocker Heart Attack Trial Research Group
    • Beta-Blocker Heart Attack Trial Research Group. A randomized trial of propranolol in patients with acute myocardial infarction: I. Mortality results. JAMA 247 (1982) 1707-1714
    • (1982) JAMA , vol.247 , pp. 1707-1714
  • 122
    • 0021038370 scopus 로고
    • A randomized trial of propranolol in patients with acute myocardial infarction: II. Morbidity results
    • Beta-Blocker Heart Attack Trial Research Group
    • Beta-Blocker Heart Attack Trial Research Group. A randomized trial of propranolol in patients with acute myocardial infarction: II. Morbidity results. JAMA 250 (1983) 2814-2819
    • (1983) JAMA , vol.250 , pp. 2814-2819
  • 123
    • 0031033495 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Additive beneficial effects of beta-blockers to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors in the Survival and Ventricular Enlargement (SAVE) Study. SAVE Investigators
    • Vantrimpont P., Rouleau J.L., Wun C.C., et al. Additive beneficial effects of beta-blockers to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors in the Survival and Ventricular Enlargement (SAVE) Study. SAVE Investigators. J Am Coll Cardiol 29 (1997) 229-236
    • (1997) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.29 , pp. 229-236
    • Vantrimpont, P.1    Rouleau, J.L.2    Wun, C.C.3
  • 124
    • 0032995096 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beta-blocker treatment and other prognostic variables in patients with clinical evidence of heart failure after acute myocardial infarction: evidence from the AIRE study
    • Spargias K.S., Hall A.S., Greenwood D.C., et al. Beta-blocker treatment and other prognostic variables in patients with clinical evidence of heart failure after acute myocardial infarction: evidence from the AIRE study. Heart 81 (1999) 25-32
    • (1999) Heart , vol.81 , pp. 25-32
    • Spargias, K.S.1    Hall, A.S.2    Greenwood, D.C.3
  • 125
    • 0037028022 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparison of rate control and rhythm control in patients with atrial fibrillation
    • Wyse D.G., Waldo A.L., DiMarco J.P., et al. A comparison of rate control and rhythm control in patients with atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med 347 (2002) 1825-1833
    • (2002) N Engl J Med , vol.347 , pp. 1825-1833
    • Wyse, D.G.1    Waldo, A.L.2    DiMarco, J.P.3
  • 126
    • 11144356188 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Atrial Fibrillation Follow-Up Investigation of Rhythm Management (AFFIRM) study approaches to control rate in atrial fibrillation
    • Olshansky B., Rosenfeld L.E., Warner A.L., et al. The Atrial Fibrillation Follow-Up Investigation of Rhythm Management (AFFIRM) study approaches to control rate in atrial fibrillation. J Am Coll Cardiol 43 (2004) 1201-1208
    • (2004) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.43 , pp. 1201-1208
    • Olshansky, B.1    Rosenfeld, L.E.2    Warner, A.L.3
  • 127
    • 0343680211 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of metoprolol CR/XL to maintain sinus rhythm after conversion from persistent atrial fibrillation: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
    • Kuhlkamp V., Schirdewan A., Stangl K., et al. Use of metoprolol CR/XL to maintain sinus rhythm after conversion from persistent atrial fibrillation: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. J Am Coll Cardiol 36 (2000) 139-146
    • (2000) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.36 , pp. 139-146
    • Kuhlkamp, V.1    Schirdewan, A.2    Stangl, K.3
  • 128
    • 0031908811 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Update on reversal of left ventricular hypertrophy in essential hypertension (a meta-analysis of all randomized double-blind studies until December 1996)
    • Schmieder R.E., Schlaich M.P., Klingbeil A.U., et al. Update on reversal of left ventricular hypertrophy in essential hypertension (a meta-analysis of all randomized double-blind studies until December 1996). Nephrol Dial Transplant 13 (1998) 564-569
    • (1998) Nephrol Dial Transplant , vol.13 , pp. 564-569
    • Schmieder, R.E.1    Schlaich, M.P.2    Klingbeil, A.U.3
  • 129
    • 3142654434 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of carvedilol therapy on restrictive diastolic filling pattern in chronic heart failure
    • Palazzuoli A., Carrera A., Calabria P., et al. Effects of carvedilol therapy on restrictive diastolic filling pattern in chronic heart failure. Am Heart J 147 (2004) 1-7
    • (2004) Am Heart J , vol.147 , pp. 1-7
    • Palazzuoli, A.1    Carrera, A.2    Calabria, P.3
  • 130
    • 0034110740 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beta-blockade therapy in chronic heart failure: diastolic function and mitral regurgitation improvement by carvedilol
    • Capomolla S., Febo O., Gnemmi M., et al. Beta-blockade therapy in chronic heart failure: diastolic function and mitral regurgitation improvement by carvedilol. Am Heart J 139 (2000) 596-608
    • (2000) Am Heart J , vol.139 , pp. 596-608
    • Capomolla, S.1    Febo, O.2    Gnemmi, M.3
  • 131
    • 1342284053 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of carvedilol on diastolic function in patients with diastolic heart failure and preserved systolic function. Results of the Swedish Doppler-echocardiographic study (SWEDIC)
    • Bergstrom A., Andersson B., Edner M., et al. Effect of carvedilol on diastolic function in patients with diastolic heart failure and preserved systolic function. Results of the Swedish Doppler-echocardiographic study (SWEDIC). Eur J Heart Fail 6 (2004) 453-461
    • (2004) Eur J Heart Fail , vol.6 , pp. 453-461
    • Bergstrom, A.1    Andersson, B.2    Edner, M.3
  • 132
    • 1342346695 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Eplerenone (Inspra) for hypertension
    • Taylor C.T. Eplerenone (Inspra) for hypertension. Am Fam Physician 69 (2004) 915-916
    • (2004) Am Fam Physician , vol.69 , pp. 915-916
    • Taylor, C.T.1
  • 133
    • 1842688311 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of eplerenone versus enalapril as monotherapy in systemic hypertension
    • Williams G.H., Burgess E., Kolloch R.E., et al. Efficacy of eplerenone versus enalapril as monotherapy in systemic hypertension. Am J Cardiol 93 (2004) 990-996
    • (2004) Am J Cardiol , vol.93 , pp. 990-996
    • Williams, G.H.1    Burgess, E.2    Kolloch, R.E.3
  • 134
    • 0038673178 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of the selective aldosterone blocker eplerenone versus the calcium antagonist amlodipine in systolic hypertension
    • White W.B., Duprez D., St. Hillaire R., et al. Effects of the selective aldosterone blocker eplerenone versus the calcium antagonist amlodipine in systolic hypertension. Hypertension 41 (2003) 1021-1026
    • (2003) Hypertension , vol.41 , pp. 1021-1026
    • White, W.B.1    Duprez, D.2    St. Hillaire, R.3
  • 135
    • 0037414091 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and tolerability of eplerenone and losartan in hypertensive black and white patients
    • Flack J.M., Oparil S., Pratt J.H., et al. Efficacy and tolerability of eplerenone and losartan in hypertensive black and white patients. J Am Coll Cardiol 41 (2003) 1148-1155
    • (2003) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.41 , pp. 1148-1155
    • Flack, J.M.1    Oparil, S.2    Pratt, J.H.3
  • 136
    • 0032588244 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Angiotensin AT1 receptor subtype as a cardiac target of aldosterone: role in aldosterone-salt induced fibrosis
    • Robert V., Heymes C., Silvestre J.S., et al. Angiotensin AT1 receptor subtype as a cardiac target of aldosterone: role in aldosterone-salt induced fibrosis. Hypertension 33 (1999) 981-986
    • (1999) Hypertension , vol.33 , pp. 981-986
    • Robert, V.1    Heymes, C.2    Silvestre, J.S.3
  • 137
    • 0032169994 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inverse relationship between aldosterone and large artery compliance in chronically treated heart failure patients
    • Duprez D.A., DeBuyzere M.L., Rietzschel E.R., et al. Inverse relationship between aldosterone and large artery compliance in chronically treated heart failure patients. Eur Heart J 19 (1998) 1371-1376
    • (1998) Eur Heart J , vol.19 , pp. 1371-1376
    • Duprez, D.A.1    DeBuyzere, M.L.2    Rietzschel, E.R.3
  • 138
    • 0037116558 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Addition of spironolactone to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition in heart failure improves endothelial vasomotor dysfunction: role of vascular superoxide anion formation and endothelial nitric oxide synthase expression
    • Bauersachs J., Heck M., Fraccarollo D., et al. Addition of spironolactone to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition in heart failure improves endothelial vasomotor dysfunction: role of vascular superoxide anion formation and endothelial nitric oxide synthase expression. J Am Coll Cardiol 39 (2002) 351-358
    • (2002) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.39 , pp. 351-358
    • Bauersachs, J.1    Heck, M.2    Fraccarollo, D.3
  • 139
    • 0027499223 scopus 로고
    • Antifibrotic effects of spironolactone in preventing myocardial fibrosis in systemic arterial hypertension
    • Brilla C.G., Matsubara L.S., and Weber K.T. Antifibrotic effects of spironolactone in preventing myocardial fibrosis in systemic arterial hypertension. Am J Cardiol 71 (1993) 12A-16A
    • (1993) Am J Cardiol , vol.71
    • Brilla, C.G.1    Matsubara, L.S.2    Weber, K.T.3
  • 140
    • 0027227646 scopus 로고
    • Anti-aldosterone treatment and prevention of myocardial fibrosis in primary and secondary hyperaldosteronism
    • Brilla C.G., Matsubara L.S., and Weber K.T. Anti-aldosterone treatment and prevention of myocardial fibrosis in primary and secondary hyperaldosteronism. J Mol Cell Cardiol 25 (1993) 563-575
    • (1993) J Mol Cell Cardiol , vol.25 , pp. 563-575
    • Brilla, C.G.1    Matsubara, L.S.2    Weber, K.T.3
  • 141
    • 0035131479 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevention of aortic and cardiac fibrosis by spironolactone in old normotensive rats
    • Lacolley P., Safar M.E., Lucet B., et al. Prevention of aortic and cardiac fibrosis by spironolactone in old normotensive rats. J Am Coll Cardiol 37 (2001) 662-667
    • (2001) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.37 , pp. 662-667
    • Lacolley, P.1    Safar, M.E.2    Lucet, B.3
  • 142
    • 0034727695 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Limitation of excessive extracellular matrix turnover may contribute to survival benefit of spironolactone therapy in patients with congestive heart failure
    • Zannad F., Alla F., Dousset B., et al. Limitation of excessive extracellular matrix turnover may contribute to survival benefit of spironolactone therapy in patients with congestive heart failure. Circulation 102 (2000) 2700-2706
    • (2000) Circulation , vol.102 , pp. 2700-2706
    • Zannad, F.1    Alla, F.2    Dousset, B.3
  • 143
    • 0034636189 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serum carboxy-terminal propeptide of procollagen type I is a marker of myocardial fibrosis in hypertensive heart disease
    • Querejeta R., Varo N., Lopez B., et al. Serum carboxy-terminal propeptide of procollagen type I is a marker of myocardial fibrosis in hypertensive heart disease. Circulation 101 (2000) 1729-1735
    • (2000) Circulation , vol.101 , pp. 1729-1735
    • Querejeta, R.1    Varo, N.2    Lopez, B.3
  • 144
    • 0003100633 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of the selective mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist, eplerenone, in a model of aldosterone-induced hypertension and cardiac fibrosis
    • [abstract]
    • Frierdich G., Schuh J., Brown M., et al. Effects of the selective mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist, eplerenone, in a model of aldosterone-induced hypertension and cardiac fibrosis. [abstract]. Am J Hypertens 11 (1998) 94
    • (1998) Am J Hypertens , vol.11 , pp. 94
    • Frierdich, G.1    Schuh, J.2    Brown, M.3
  • 145
    • 0037016007 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of long-term monotherapy with eplerenone, a novel aldosterone blocker, on progression of left ventricular dysfunction and remodeling in dogs with heart failure
    • Suzuki G., Morita H., Mishima T., et al. Effects of long-term monotherapy with eplerenone, a novel aldosterone blocker, on progression of left ventricular dysfunction and remodeling in dogs with heart failure. Circulation 106 (2002) 2967-2972
    • (2002) Circulation , vol.106 , pp. 2967-2972
    • Suzuki, G.1    Morita, H.2    Mishima, T.3
  • 146
    • 1342324062 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Review of aldosterone- and angiotensin II-induced target organ damage and prevention
    • Struthers A.D., and MacDonald T.M. Review of aldosterone- and angiotensin II-induced target organ damage and prevention. Cardiovasc Res 61 (2004) 663-670
    • (2004) Cardiovasc Res , vol.61 , pp. 663-670
    • Struthers, A.D.1    MacDonald, T.M.2
  • 147
    • 0028883828 scopus 로고
    • Prevention of coronary heart disease with pravastatin in men with hypercholesterolemia. West of Scotland Coronary Prevention Study Group
    • Shepherd J., Cobbe S.M., Ford I., et al. Prevention of coronary heart disease with pravastatin in men with hypercholesterolemia. West of Scotland Coronary Prevention Study Group. N Engl J Med 333 (1995) 1301-1307
    • (1995) N Engl J Med , vol.333 , pp. 1301-1307
    • Shepherd, J.1    Cobbe, S.M.2    Ford, I.3
  • 148
    • 0037031061 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MRC/BHF Heart Protection Study of cholesterol lowering with simvastatin in 20,536 high-risk individuals: a randomised placebo-controlled trial
    • Heart Protection Study Collaborative Group
    • Heart Protection Study Collaborative Group. MRC/BHF Heart Protection Study of cholesterol lowering with simvastatin in 20,536 high-risk individuals: a randomised placebo-controlled trial. Lancet 360 (2002) 7-22
    • (2002) Lancet , vol.360 , pp. 7-22
  • 149
    • 0027987849 scopus 로고
    • Randomised trial of cholesterol lowering in 4444 patients with coronary heart disease: the Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study (4S)
    • Randomised trial of cholesterol lowering in 4444 patients with coronary heart disease: the Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study (4S). Lancet 344 (1994) 1383-1389
    • (1994) Lancet , vol.344 , pp. 1383-1389
  • 150
    • 0342981862 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of pravastatin on coronary events after myocardial infarction in patients with average cholesterol levels. Cholesterol and Recurrent Events Trial investigators
    • Sacks F.M., Pfeffer M.A., Moye L.A., et al. The effect of pravastatin on coronary events after myocardial infarction in patients with average cholesterol levels. Cholesterol and Recurrent Events Trial investigators. N Engl J Med 335 (1996) 1001-1009
    • (1996) N Engl J Med , vol.335 , pp. 1001-1009
    • Sacks, F.M.1    Pfeffer, M.A.2    Moye, L.A.3
  • 151
    • 0032487931 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevention of cardiovascular events and death with pravastatin in patients with coronary heart disease and a broad range of initial cholesterol levels. The Long-Term Intervention with Pravastatin in Ischaemic Disease (LIPID) Study Group
    • Prevention of cardiovascular events and death with pravastatin in patients with coronary heart disease and a broad range of initial cholesterol levels. The Long-Term Intervention with Pravastatin in Ischaemic Disease (LIPID) Study Group. N Engl J Med 339 (1998) 1349-1357
    • (1998) N Engl J Med , vol.339 , pp. 1349-1357
  • 152
    • 0035810983 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glycemic control and heart failure among adult patients with diabetes
    • Iribarren C., Karter A.J., Go A.S., et al. Glycemic control and heart failure among adult patients with diabetes. Circulation 103 (2001) 2668-2673
    • (2001) Circulation , vol.103 , pp. 2668-2673
    • Iribarren, C.1    Karter, A.J.2    Go, A.S.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.