메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 86, Issue 1, 2006, Pages 1-23

Adventitious presence of GMOs: Scientific overview for Canadian grains

Author keywords

Cases of AP; Challenges; Detection methods; List of GM events; Tolerance; Traceability

Indexed keywords

CANOLA; COTTON; CULTIVATION; DETECTION METHOD; FRUIT; MAIZE; POTATO; SOYBEAN; STANDARD (REGULATION); TRANSGENIC PLANT;

EID: 33750532753     PISSN: 00084220     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.4141/P05-114     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (64)

References (94)
  • 1
    • 85039244546 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Available: [2005 May 18]
    • Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. 2003. Mustard seed: situation and outlook. [Online] Available: http://www.agr.gc.ca/maddam/e/bulletine/v16e/ v16n04_e.htm [2005 May 18].
    • (2003) Mustard Seed: Situation and Outlook. [Online]
  • 3
    • 4143137442 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of quantitative real-time and conventional PCR to assess the stability of the cp4 epsps transgene from Roundup Ready® canola in the intestinal, ruminal, and fecal contents of sheep
    • Alexander, T. W., Sharma, R., Deng, M. Y., Whetsell, A. J., Jennings, J. C., Wang, Y., Okine, E., Damgaard, D. and McAllister, T. A. 2004. Use of quantitative real-time and conventional PCR to assess the stability of the cp4 epsps transgene from Roundup Ready® canola in the intestinal, ruminal, and fecal contents of sheep. J. Biotechnol. 112: 255-266.
    • (2004) J. Biotechnol. , vol.112 , pp. 255-266
    • Alexander, T.W.1    Sharma, R.2    Deng, M.Y.3    Whetsell, A.J.4    Jennings, J.C.5    Wang, Y.6    Okine, E.7    Damgaard, D.8    McAllister, T.A.9
  • 5
    • 0000909098 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Roundup Ready® soybean event-specific real-time quantitative PCR assay and estimation of the practical detection and quantification limits in GMO analysis
    • Berdal, K. G. and Holst-Jensen, A. 2001. Roundup Ready® soybean event-specific real-time quantitative PCR assay and estimation of the practical detection and quantification limits in GMO analysis. Eur. Food Res. Technol. 213: 432-438.
    • (2001) Eur. Food Res. Technol. , vol.213 , pp. 432-438
    • Berdal, K.G.1    Holst-Jensen, A.2
  • 6
    • 0036562424 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction methods for four genetically modified maize varieties and maize DNA content in food
    • Brodmann, P. D., Ilg, E. C., Berthoud, H. and Herrmann, A. 2002. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction methods for four genetically modified maize varieties and maize DNA content in food. J. AOAC Int. 85: 646-653.
    • (2002) J. AOAC Int. , vol.85 , pp. 646-653
    • Brodmann, P.D.1    Ilg, E.C.2    Berthoud, H.3    Herrmann, A.4
  • 9
    • 85039247501 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Available: [15 May 2005]
    • Canadian Food Inspection Agency. 2002a. Novelty Discussion Document. [Online] Available: http://www.inspection.gc.ca/english/plaveg/bio/gatconsult/ novele.shtml [15 May 2005].
    • (2002) Novelty Discussion Document. [Online]
  • 13
    • 85039251955 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Available: [2005 May 19]
    • Canadian Food Inspection Agency. 2003. StarLink Monitoring activities. [Online] Available: http://www.inspection.gc.ca/english/fssa/invenq/inform/ 20030131e.shtml [2005 May 19].
    • (2003) StarLink Monitoring Activities. [Online]
  • 14
    • 85039247407 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Available: [2005 May 18]
    • Canadian Food Inspection Agency. 2004. Food, feed and seed products containing U.S. corn. [Online] Available: http://www.inspection.gc.ca/english/ fssa/invenq/inform/20041118e.shtml [2005 May 18].
    • (2004) Food, Feed and Seed Products Containing U.S. Corn. [Online]
  • 18
    • 85039243956 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Available: [2005 May 19]
    • Canadian Food Inspection Agency. 2005d. Unapproved release of experimental corn probed. [Online] Available: http://www.inspection.gc.ca/ english/corpaffr/newcom/2005/20050324e.shtml [2005 May 19].
    • (2005) Unapproved Release of Experimental Corn Probed. [Online]
  • 19
    • 85039243169 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Available: [2005 May 12]
    • Canadian Grain Commission. 2000. Memorandum no. 2000-14. Re: StarLink™ corn. [Online] Available: http://grainscanada.gc.ca/newsroom/ trade_memos/2000/2000-14-e.htm [2005 May 12].
    • (2000) Memorandum No. 2000-14. Re: StarLink™ Corn. [Online]
  • 20
    • 85039249231 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Available: [2005 May 19]
    • Canadian Grain Commission. 2002. Memorandum no. 2002-09. StarLink™ corn. [Online] Available: http://grainscanada.gc.ca/newsroom/trade_memos/2002/ 2002-09-e.htm [2005 May 19].
    • (2002) Memorandum No. 2002-09. StarLink™ Corn. [Online]
  • 22
    • 85039250726 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Available: [2005 Aug. 05]
    • Checkbiotech. 2005a. Monsanto unlikely to launch GM wheat. [Online] Available: http://www.checkbiotech.org/root/index.cfm?fuseaction= news&doc_id=10732&start=181&control=118&page_start= 101&page_nr=201&pg=2 [2005 Aug. 05].
    • (2005) Monsanto Unlikely to Launch GM Wheat. [Online]
  • 23
    • 85039247166 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Available: [2005 Apr. 18]
    • Checkbiotech. 2005b. Illegal GM ingredient Bt10 unlikely to pose risk, says EFSA. [Online] Available:http://www.checkbiotech.org/root/index.cfm? fuseaction=news&doc_id=10111&start=61&control=218&page_start= 1&page_nr=101&pg=1 [2005 Apr. 18].
    • (2005) Illegal GM Ingredient Bt10 Unlikely to Pose Risk, Says EFSA. [Online]
  • 24
    • 0036261734 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Study on the detection method of six varieties of genetically modified maize and processed foods
    • Chiueh, L. C., Chen, Y. L. and Shih, D. Y. C. 2002. Study on the detection method of six varieties of genetically modified maize and processed foods. J. Food Drug Anal. 10: 25-33.
    • (2002) J. Food Drug Anal. , vol.10 , pp. 25-33
    • Chiueh, L.C.1    Chen, Y.L.2    Shih, D.Y.C.3
  • 25
    • 0002109268 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection of four types of genetically modified maize by polymerase chain reaction and immuno-kit methods
    • Chiueh, L. C., Chen, Y. L., Yu, Y. H. and Shih, D. Y. C. 2001. Detection of four types of genetically modified maize by polymerase chain reaction and immuno-kit methods. J. Food Drug Anal. 9: 50-57.
    • (2001) J. Food Drug Anal. , vol.9 , pp. 50-57
    • Chiueh, L.C.1    Chen, Y.L.2    Yu, Y.H.3    Shih, D.Y.C.4
  • 26
    • 19644388959 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Poorer nations turn to publicly developed GM crops
    • Cohen, J. I. 2005. Poorer nations turn to publicly developed GM crops. Nature Biotech. 23: 27-33.
    • (2005) Nature Biotech. , vol.23 , pp. 27-33
    • Cohen, J.I.1
  • 27
    • 85039245409 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Article 4. [Online] Available: [2005 May 19]
    • Convention on Biological Diversity. 2000. Protocol on Biosafety. Text of the Protocol. Article 4. [Online] Available: http://www.biodiv.org/biosafety/ protocol.asp [2005 May 19].
    • (2000) Protocol on Biosafety. Text of the Protocol
  • 30
    • 0036803444 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of a polymerase chain reaction assay for detection of three canola transgenes
    • Demeke, T., Giroux, R. W., Reitmeier, S. and Simon, S. L. 2002. Development of a polymerase chain reaction assay for detection of three canola transgenes. JAOCS 79: 1015-1019.
    • (2002) JAOCS , vol.79 , pp. 1015-1019
    • Demeke, T.1    Giroux, R.W.2    Reitmeier, S.3    Simon, S.L.4
  • 31
    • 85039251470 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Available: [2005 May 17]
    • EurofinsUS. 2005. GeneScanUSA - Bt10. [Online] Available: http://www.eurofinsus.com/Item.aspx?item=News/News%20(2005-05-02).xml [2005 May 17].
    • (2005) GeneScanUSA - Bt10. [Online]
  • 33
    • 85039250748 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Available: [2005 Apr. 25]
    • Europa. 2005b. EU detection method for Bt10 validated. [Online] Available: http://europa.eu.int/comm/dgs/health_consumer/dyna/enews/enews.cfm? al_id=18 [2005 Apr. 25].
    • (2005) EU Detection Method for Bt10 Validated. [Online]
  • 34
    • 33750498964 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DNA-based methods for detection and quantification of GMOs: Principles and standards
    • F. E. Ahmed, ed. Food Products Press, New York, NY
    • Fagan, J. 2004. DNA-based methods for detection and quantification of GMOs: Principles and standards. Pages 163-220 in F. E. Ahmed, ed. Testing of genetically modified organisms in food. Food Products Press, New York, NY.
    • (2004) Testing of Genetically Modified Organisms in Food , pp. 163-220
    • Fagan, J.1
  • 38
    • 85039244697 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • European Commission Research Project. [Online] Available: [2005 May 19]
    • GMOchips. 2002. European Commission Research Project. [Online] Available: http://www.gmochips.org/gmochips/ [2005 May 19].
    • (2002)
  • 40
    • 3042737470 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is confidence in the monitoring of GE foods justified?
    • Heinemann, J. A., Sparrow, A. D. and Traavik, T. 2004. Is confidence in the monitoring of GE foods justified? Trends Biotechnol. 22: 331-336.
    • (2004) Trends Biotechnol. , vol.22 , pp. 331-336
    • Heinemann, J.A.1    Sparrow, A.D.2    Traavik, T.3
  • 41
    • 0346009307 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of real-time PCR systems based on SYBR® Green I, Amplifluor™ and TaqMan® technologies for specific quantitative detection of the transgenic maize event GA21
    • Hernández, M., Esteve, T., Prat, S. and Pla, M. 2004. Development of real-time PCR systems based on SYBR® Green I, Amplifluor™ and TaqMan® technologies for specific quantitative detection of the transgenic maize event GA21. J. Cereal Sci. 39: 99-107.
    • (2004) J. Cereal Sci. , vol.39 , pp. 99-107
    • Hernández, M.1    Esteve, T.2    Prat, S.3    Pla, M.4
  • 42
    • 0038732762 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A specific real-time quantitative PCR detection system for event MON810 in maize YieldGard® based on the 3′-transgene integration sequence
    • Hernández, M., Pla, M., Esteve, T., Prat, S., Puigdomènech, P. and Ferrando, A. 2003. A specific real-time quantitative PCR detection system for event MON810 in maize YieldGard® based on the 3′-transgene integration sequence. Transgenic Res. 12: 179-189.
    • (2003) Transgenic Res. , vol.12 , pp. 179-189
    • Hernández, M.1    Pla, M.2    Esteve, T.3    Prat, S.4    Puigdomènech, P.5    Ferrando, A.6
  • 43
    • 0037279480 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Determination of percentage of Roundup Ready soya in flour using real-time polymerase chain reaction: Interlaboratory study
    • Hird, H., Powell, J., Johnson, M-L. and Oehlschlager, S. 2003. Determination of percentage of Roundup Ready soya in flour using real-time polymerase chain reaction: Interlaboratory study. J. AOAC Int. 86: 66-71.
    • (2003) J. AOAC Int. , vol.86 , pp. 66-71
    • Hird, H.1    Powell, J.2    Johnson, M.-L.3    Oehlschlager, S.4
  • 44
    • 0038167336 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 5′-Nuclease PCR for quantitative event-specific detection of the genetically modified MON810 MaisGard maize
    • Holck, A., Vaïtilingom, M., Didierjean, L. and Rudi, K. 2002. 5′-Nuclease PCR for quantitative event-specific detection of the genetically modified MON810 MaisGard maize. Eur. Food Res. Technol. 214: 449-454.
    • (2002) Eur. Food Res. Technol. , vol.214 , pp. 449-454
    • Holck, A.1    Vaïtilingom, M.2    Didierjean, L.3    Rudi, K.4
  • 45
    • 2542456043 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection of genetically modified maize MON810 and NK603 by multiplex and real-time polymerase chain reaction methods
    • Huang, H. Y. and Pan, T. M. 2004. Detection of genetically modified maize MON810 and NK603 by multiplex and real-time polymerase chain reaction methods. J. Agric. Food Chem. 52: 3264-3268.
    • (2004) J. Agric. Food Chem. , vol.52 , pp. 3264-3268
    • Huang, H.Y.1    Pan, T.M.2
  • 46
    • 0033426508 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantitative competitive PCR for the detection of genetically modified organisms
    • Hübner, P., Studer, E. and Lüthy, J. 1999. Quantitative competitive PCR for the detection of genetically modified organisms. Food Control. 10: 353-358.
    • (1999) Food Control. , vol.10 , pp. 353-358
    • Hübner, P.1    Studer, E.2    Lüthy, J.3
  • 47
    • 85039244410 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Available: [2005 May 10]
    • Institute for Reference Materials and Measurements. 2005. IRMM materials [Online] Available: http://www.irmm.jrc.be/html/reference_materials_catalogue/ catalogue/IRMM/index.htm [2005 May 10].
    • (2005) IRMM Materials [Online]
  • 49
    • 33750505987 scopus 로고
    • ISO. International Organization for Standardization, Geneva, Switzerland
    • ISO. 1990. ISO 542: Oilseeds - sampling. International Organization for Standardization, Geneva, Switzerland.
    • (1990) ISO 542: Oilseeds - Sampling
  • 55
    • 0141631455 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reliable detection and identification of genetically modified maize, soybean, and canola by multiplex PCR analysis
    • James, D., Schmidt, A-M., Wall, E., Green, M. and Marsi, S. 2003. Reliable detection and identification of genetically modified maize, soybean, and canola by multiplex PCR analysis. J. Agric. Food Chem. 51: 5829-5834.
    • (2003) J. Agric. Food Chem. , vol.51 , pp. 5829-5834
    • James, D.1    Schmidt, A.-M.2    Wall, E.3    Green, M.4    Marsi, S.5
  • 57
    • 33750513709 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Methods to detect genetic modification in seed
    • Kahlert, B. 2002. Methods to detect genetic modification in seed. ISTA News Bulletin. 124: 10-11.
    • (2002) ISTA News Bulletin , vol.124 , pp. 10-11
    • Kahlert, B.1
  • 58
    • 0034220947 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Validation of an immunoassay for detection and quantification of a genetically modified soybean in food and food fractions using reference materials: Interlaboratory study
    • Lipp, M., Anklam, E. and Stave, J. W. 2000. Validation of an immunoassay for detection and quantification of a genetically modified soybean in food and food fractions using reference materials: Interlaboratory study. J. AOAC Int. 83: 919-927.
    • (2000) J. AOAC Int. , vol.83 , pp. 919-927
    • Lipp, M.1    Anklam, E.2    Stave, J.W.3
  • 59
    • 0033158899 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • IUPAC collaborative trial study of a method to detect genetically modified soybeans and maize in dried powder
    • Lipp, M., Brodmann, P., Pietsch, K., Pauwels, J. and Anklam, E. 1999. IUPAC collaborative trial study of a method to detect genetically modified soybeans and maize in dried powder. J. AOAC Int. 82: 923-929.
    • (1999) J. AOAC Int. , vol.82 , pp. 923-929
    • Lipp, M.1    Brodmann, P.2    Pietsch, K.3    Pauwels, J.4    Anklam, E.5
  • 61
    • 15844400888 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US launches probe into sales of unapproved transgenic corn
    • Macilwain, C. 2005a. US launches probe into sales of unapproved transgenic corn. Nature 434: 423.
    • (2005) Nature , vol.434 , pp. 423
    • Macilwain, C.1
  • 62
    • 15844384044 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stray seeds had antibiotic-resistance genes
    • Macilwain, C. 2005b. Stray seeds had antibiotic-resistance genes. Nature 434: 548.
    • (2005) Nature , vol.434 , pp. 548
    • Macilwain, C.1
  • 63
    • 0037335531 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Encoding technical information in GM organisms
    • Marillonnet, S., Klimyuk, V. and Gleba, Y. 2003. Encoding technical information in GM organisms. Nat. Biotechnol. 21: 224-226.
    • (2003) Nat. Biotechnol. , vol.21 , pp. 224-226
    • Marillonnet, S.1    Klimyuk, V.2    Gleba, Y.3
  • 67
    • 85039253505 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Available: [2005 Mar. 19]
    • Meristem Land and Science. 2005. Road map to the future: 2005 PRRCG Report. [Online] Available: http://www.meristem.com/prrcg05/PRRCG2005Web.pdf [2005 Mar. 19].
    • (2005) Road Map to the Future: 2005 PRRCG Report. [Online]
  • 68
    • 1842523060 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DNA extraction from bulked samples of canola seed and the use of multiplex PCR for detection of adventitious contamination with genetically modified seed
    • Middleton, A. T. and Stone E. M. 2003. DNA extraction from bulked samples of canola seed and the use of multiplex PCR for detection of adventitious contamination with genetically modified seed. Seed Sci. Technol. 31: 487-495.
    • (2003) Seed Sci. Technol. , vol.31 , pp. 487-495
    • Middleton, A.T.1    Stone, E.M.2
  • 70
    • 85039249794 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Available: [2005 May 19]
    • Monsanto Press Release. 2001. Quest canola seed replacement offered. [Online] Available: http://www.monsantoag.com/monsanto/layout/media/01/04-25- 01b.asp [2005 May 19].
    • (2001) Quest Canola Seed Replacement Offered. [Online]
  • 74
    • 1542498414 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A simple procedure for quantification of genetically modified organisms using hybrid amplicon standards
    • Pardigol, A., Guillet, S. and Popping, B. 2003. A simple procedure for quantification of genetically modified organisms using hybrid amplicon standards. Eur. Food Res. Technol. 216: 412-420.
    • (2003) Eur. Food Res. Technol. , vol.216 , pp. 412-420
    • Pardigol, A.1    Guillet, S.2    Popping, B.3
  • 75
    • 0037205603 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection and quantification of transgenes in grains by multiplex and real-time PCR
    • Permingeat, H. R., Reggiardo, M. I. and Vallejos, R. H. 2002. Detection and quantification of transgenes in grains by multiplex and real-time PCR. J. Agric. Food Chem. 50: 4431-4436.
    • (2002) J. Agric. Food Chem. , vol.50 , pp. 4431-4436
    • Permingeat, H.R.1    Reggiardo, M.I.2    Vallejos, R.H.3
  • 76
    • 0345154013 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Event specific real-time quantitative PCR for genetically modified Bt11 maize (Zea mays)
    • Rønning, S., Vaitilingom, M., Berdal, K. and Holst-Jensen, A. 2003. Event specific real-time quantitative PCR for genetically modified Bt11 maize (Zea mays). Eur Food Res Technol. 216: 347-354.
    • (2003) Eur Food Res Technol. , vol.216 , pp. 347-354
    • Rønning, S.1    Vaitilingom, M.2    Berdal, K.3    Holst-Jensen, A.4
  • 77
    • 0038268050 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A novel multiplex quantitative DNA array based PCR (MQDA-PCR) for quantification of transgenic maize in food and feed
    • Rudi, K., Rud, I. and Holck, A. 2003. A novel multiplex quantitative DNA array based PCR (MQDA-PCR) for quantification of transgenic maize in food and feed. Nucleic Acids Res. 31 (11): e62.
    • (2003) Nucleic Acids Res. , vol.31 , Issue.11
    • Rudi, K.1    Rud, I.2    Holck, A.3
  • 80
    • 0036726564 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Validation of real-time PCR analyses for line-specific quantitation of genetically modified maize and soybean using new reference molecules
    • Shindo, Y., Kuribara, H., Matsuoka, T., Futo, S., Sawada, C., Shono, J., Akiyama, H., Goda, Y., Toyoda, M. and Hino, A. 2002. Validation of real-time PCR analyses for line-specific quantitation of genetically modified maize and soybean using new reference molecules. J. AOAC Int. 85: 1119-1126.
    • (2002) J. AOAC Int. , vol.85 , pp. 1119-1126
    • Shindo, Y.1    Kuribara, H.2    Matsuoka, T.3    Futo, S.4    Sawada, C.5    Shono, J.6    Akiyama, H.7    Goda, Y.8    Toyoda, M.9    Hino, A.10
  • 82
    • 84902036426 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protein-based methods: Case Studies
    • F. E. Ahmed, ed. Food Products Press, New York, NY
    • Stave, J. W. 2004. Protein-based methods: Case Studies. Pages 147-161 in F. E. Ahmed, ed. Testing of genetically modified organisms in food. Food Products Press, New York, NY.
    • (2004) Testing of Genetically Modified Organisms in Food , pp. 147-161
    • Stave, J.W.1
  • 83
    • 85039254829 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • St. Louis Post Dispatch. Available: food. [2005 May 19]
    • St. Louis Post Dispatch. 2002. Monsanto says gene-altered canola may be in US. [Online] Available: food. http://www.biotech-info.net/US_canola.html. [2005 May 19].
    • (2002) Monsanto Says Gene-altered Canola May Be in US. [Online]
  • 85
    • 0000159137 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Event-specific detection of Roundup Ready soya using two different real time PCR detection chemistries
    • Terry, C. F. and Harris, N. 2001. Event-specific detection of Roundup Ready soya using two different real time PCR detection chemistries. Eur. Food Res. Technol. 213: 425-431.
    • (2001) Eur. Food Res. Technol. , vol.213 , pp. 425-431
    • Terry, C.F.1    Harris, N.2
  • 86
    • 85039249597 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • United States Department of Agriculture, Grain Inspection, Packers and Stockyards Administration, Federal Grain Inspection Service. Available: [2005 May 19]
    • United States Department of Agriculture, Grain Inspection, Packers and Stockyards Administration, Federal Grain Inspection Service. 2002. Directive 9181.1 3-25-02: Testing for StarLink™ corn - lateral flow test strip method. [Online] Available: http://151.121.3.117/reference-library/directives/ 9181-1.pdf [2005 May 19].
    • (2002) Directive 9181.1 3-25-02: Testing for StarLink™ Corn - Lateral Flow Test Strip Method. [Online]
  • 87
    • 85039249699 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • United States Department of Agriculture, Grain Inspection, Packers and Stockyards Administration, Federal Grain Inspection Service. [Online] Available: [2005 Mar. 11]
    • United States Department of Agriculture, Grain Inspection, Packers and Stockyards Administration, Federal Grain Inspection Service. 2005. [Online] Available: http://151.121.3.117/tech-servsup/metheqp/testkit.htm#Biotechnology [2005 Mar. 11].
    • (2005)
  • 88
    • 10844250352 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Real-time polymerase chain reaction-based approach for quantification of the pat gene in the T25 Zea mays event
    • Weighardt, F., Barbati, C., Paoletti, C., Querci, M., Kay, S., De Beuckeleer, M. and van den Eede, G. 2004. Real-time polymerase chain reaction-based approach for quantification of the pat gene in the T25 Zea mays event. J. AOAC Int. 87: 1342-1355.
    • (2004) J. AOAC Int. , vol.87 , pp. 1342-1355
    • Weighardt, F.1    Barbati, C.2    Paoletti, C.3    Querci, M.4    Kay, S.5    De Beuckeleer, M.6    Van Den Eede, G.7
  • 89
    • 85039251881 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Western Producer. Western Producer. [Online] Available: [2005 May 18]
    • Western Producer. 1997. Canola seed recalled because of genetic contamination. Western Producer. [Online] Available: http://www.btinternet.com/ ~nlpwessex/Documents/canola.htm [2005 May 18].
    • (1997) Canola Seed Recalled because of Genetic Contamination
  • 90
    • 33750517401 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Western Producer. Available: [2005 Apr. 08]
    • Western Producer. 2003. GM canola found in mustard load. [Online] Available: http://archives.foodsafetynetwork.ca/agnet/2003/3-2003/agnet_march-8. htm [2005 Apr. 08].
    • (2003) GM Canola Found in Mustard Load. [Online]
  • 93
    • 32944464447 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • International trade in GMO's and GM products: National and multilateral legal frameworks
    • United Nations, New York. [Online] Available: [2005 May 18]
    • Zarrilli, S. 2005. International trade in GMO's and GM products: National and multilateral legal frameworks. UNCTAD Policy issues in international trade and commodities study series No.29, United Nations, New York. [Online] Available: http://www.unctad.org/en/docs/itcdtab30_en.pdf [2005 May 18].
    • (2005) UNCTAD Policy Issues in International Trade and Commodities Study Series No.29
    • Zarrilli, S.1
  • 94
    • 0000160336 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Validation of real-time PCR methods for the quantification of transgenic contaminants in rape seed
    • Zeitler, R., Pietsch, K. and Waiblinger, H-U. 2002. Validation of real-time PCR methods for the quantification of transgenic contaminants in rape seed. Eur. Food Res. Technol. 214: 346-351.
    • (2002) Eur. Food Res. Technol. , vol.214 , pp. 346-351
    • Zeitler, R.1    Pietsch, K.2    Waiblinger, H.-U.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.