Kupffer cells and alcoholic liver disease;Células de Kupffer y hepatopatía alcohólica

Revista Espanola de Enfermedades Digestivas

Volumn 98, Issue 6, 2006, Pages 460-472

  Cubero, Francisco Javier ^a   Nieto, N ^a  

^a MOUNT SINAI SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

Alcoholic liver disease; Hepatic stellate cells; Kupffer cells; Lipopolysaccharide; Reactive oxygen species

Indexed keywords

ALCOHOL; CYTOKINE; ENDOTOXIN; ICOSANOID; IMMUNOGLOBULIN ENHANCER BINDING PROTEIN; NEOMYCIN; POLYMYXIN B; PROPYLTHIOURACIL;

ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION; ALCOHOL LIVER DISEASE; ANTIGEN ANTIBODY COMPLEX; AUTOCRINE EFFECT; BINDING AFFINITY; BINDING SITE; CELL CULTURE; CELL FRACTIONATION; CELL FUNCTION; CELL ISOLATION; CELL POPULATION; CYTOKINE PRODUCTION; ENDOTOXEMIA; ENZYME ACTIVITY; HOMEOSTASIS; HUMAN; INTESTINE FLORA; KUPFFER CELL; MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX; NONHUMAN; OXIDATIVE STRESS; PARACRINE SIGNALING; PATHOGENESIS; PROTEIN BINDING; REVIEW; STELLATE CELL; ANIMAL; LIVER; PATHOLOGY;

ANIMALS; HUMANS; KUPFFER CELLS; LIVER; LIVER DISEASES, ALCOHOLIC;

EID: 33750110367     PISSN: 11300108     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.4321/S1130-01082006000600007     Document Type: Review

References (121)

1. Rojkind M. Extracellular matrix. In: Arias IM, Jakoby WB, Popper H, Schachter D, Shafritz DA, editors. The liver: biology and pathobiology. New York: Raven Press; 1988. p. 707-16.
2. Wisse E, Knook DL, editors. Kupffer cells and other liver sinusoidal cells. Amsterdam: Elsevier/North Holland; 1977.
3. Kupffer CV. Ueber Sternzellen der Leber. Arch Miksrosk Anat 1876; 12: 353-8.
4. Wisse E. Observations on the fine structure and peroxidase cytochemistry of normal rat liver Kupffer cells. J Ultrastruct Res 1974; 46: 393-426.
5. Wisse E. Kupffer cell reactions in rat liver under various conditions as observed in the electron microscope. J Ultrastruct Res 1974; 46: 499-520.
6. Naito M, Hasegawa G, Ebe Y, Yamamoto T. Differentiation and function of Kupffer cells. Med Electron Microsc 2004; 37: 16-28.
7. Bouwens L, De Bleser P, Vanderkerken K, Geerts B, Wisse E. Liver cell heterogeneity: functions of non-parenchymal cells. Enzyme 1992; 46: 155-68.
8. Wake K, Decker K, Kirn A, Knook DL, McCuskey RS, Bouwens L, et al. Cell biology and kinetics of Kupffer cells in the liver. Int Rev Cytol 1989; 118: 173-229.
9. Laskin DL, Weinberger B, Laskin JD. Functional heterogeneity in liver and lung macrophages. J Leukoc Biol 2001; 70: 163-70.
10. Arii S, Imamura M. Physiological role of sinusoidal endothelial cells and Kupffer cells and their implication in the pathogenesis of liver injury. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg 2000; 7: 40-8.
11. Decker K. The response of liver macrophages to inflammatory stimulation. Keio J Med 1998; 47: 1-9.
12. Sleyster EC, Knook DL. Relation between localization and function of rat liver Kupffer cells. Lab Invest 1982; 47: 484-90.
13. Braet F, Wisse E. Structural functional aspects of liver sinusoidal endothelial cell fenestrae: a review. Comp Hepatol 2002; 23: 1.
14. Sleyster EC, Knook DL. Relation between localization and function of rat liver Kupffer cells. Lab Invest 1982; 47: 484-90.
15. Blouin A, Bolender RP, Weibel ER. Distribution of organelles and membranes between hepatocytes and non-hepatocytes in the rat liver parenchyma. J Cell Biol 1977; 72: 441-55.
16. Ramadori G, Dienes HP, Burger R, Meuer S, Rieder H. Expression of Ia-antigens on guinea pig Kupffer cells. Studies with monoclonal antibodies. J Hepatol 1986; 2: 208-17.
17. Lehrman MA, Hill RL. The binding of fructose-containing glycoproteins by hepatic lectins. J Biol Chem 1986; 261: 7419-25.
18. Kolb-Bachofen V, Schlepper-Schäfer J, Vogel W. Electron microscopic evidence for an asialoglycoprotein receptor on Kupffer cells: localization of lectin mediated endocytosis. Cell 1982; 29: 859-66.
19. Widmann JJ, Cotran RS, Fahimi HH. Mononuclear phagocytes (Kupffer cells) and endothelial cells. Identification of two functional cell types in rat liver sinusoids by endogenous peroxidase activity. J Cell Biol 1972; 52: 159-70.
20. Kono H, Rusyn I, Yin M, Gabele E, Yamashina S, Dikalova A. NADPH oxidase-derived free radicals are key oxidants in alcohol-induced liver disease. J Clin Invest 2000; 106: 867-72.
21. Steinberg P, Schlemper B, Molitor E, Platt KL, Seidel A, Oesch F. Rat liver endothelial and Kupffer cell mediated mutagenicity of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and aflatoxin B1. Environ Health Perspect 1990; 88: 71-6.
22. Koop DR, Chernosky A, Brass EP. Identification and induction of cytochrome P450 2E1 in rat Kupffer cells. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1991; 258: 1072-6.
23. Steinberg P, Schramm H, Schladt L, Robertson LW, Thomas H, Oesch F. The distribution, induction and isoenzyme profile of glutathione S transferase and glutathione peroxidase in isolated rat liver parenchymal, Kupffer and endothelial cells. Biochem J 1989; 264: 737-44.
24. Van Berkel TJC, Kruijt JK, Spanjer HH, Nagelkerke JF, Harkes L, Kempen HJM. The efficacy of a water-soluble tris-galactoside-terminated cholesterol derivative on the fate of low density lipoproteins and liposomes. J Biol Chem 1983; 260: 2694-9.
25. Ezekowitz RAB, Williams DJ, Koziel H, Armstrong MYK, Warner A, Richards FF, et al. Uptake of Pneumocystis carinii mediated by the macrophage mannose receptor. Nature 1991; 351: 155-8.
26. Harkes L, van Berkel TJC. Quantitative role of parenchymal and non-parenchymal liver cells in the uptake of 14C-sucrose labeled low-density lipoprotein in vivo. Biochem J 1984; 224: 21-7.
27. Van Berkel TJC, De Rijke YB, Kruijt JK. Different fate in vivo of oxidatively modified low density lipoprotein and acetylated low density lipoprotein in rats. Recognition by various scavenger receptors on Kupffer and endothelial liver cells. J Biol Chem 1991; 266: 2282-9.
28. ¡-very lowdensity lipoproteins. Arterioscler Thromb 1992; 12: 41-9.
29. De Rijke YB, Jurgens G, Hessels EM, Hermann A, van Berkel TJC. In vivo fate and scavenger receptor recognition of oxidized lipoprotein[a] isoforms in rats. J Lipid Res 1992; 33: 1315-25.
30. Loegering DJ. Kupffer cell complement receptor clearance function and host defense. Cir Shock 1986; 20: 321-33.
31. Muro H, Shirasawa H, Maeda M, Nakamura S. Fc receptors of liver sinusoidal endothelium in normal rats and humans: a histological study with soluble immune complexes. Gastroenterology 1987; 83: 1078-85.
32. Rifai A, Mannik M. Clearance of circulating IgA immune complexes is mediated by a specific receptor on Kupffer cells in mice. J Exp Med 1984; 160: 125-37.
33. Sancho J, González E, Egido J. The importance of the Fc receptors for IgA in the recognition of IgA by mouse liver cells: its comparison with carbohydrate and secretory componentreceptors. Immunology 1986; 57: 31-42.
34. Steer CJ, Richman LK, Hague NE, Richman JA. Identification of receptors for immunoglobulin and complement on mouse Kupffer cells in vitro. Gastroenterology 1978; 75: 988-90.
35. Toth CA, Pohl D, Agnello V. Methods of detection of immune complexes by utilizing C1q or rheumatoid factors. In: Rose N, Friedman H, Fahey J, editors. Manual of clinical laboratory immunology. Washington DC: American Society for Microbiology; 1986. p. 204-10.
36. Uwatakos S, Mannik M. The location of binding sites on C1q for DNA. J Immunol 1990; 144: 3484-8.
37. Peerschke E, Ghebrehiwet B. Platelet C1q receptor interactions with collagen and C1q coated surfaces. J Immunol 1990; 145: 2984-8.
38. Betz S, Isliker H. Antibody independent interaction between E. coli and human complement components. J Immunol 1981; 127: 1748-54.
39. Hinglais N, Kazatchkine MD, Mandet C, Appay MD, Bariety J. Human liver Kupffer cells express CR1, CR3, and CR4 complement receptor antigens. An immunohistochemical study. Lab Invest 1989; 61: 509-14.
40. Chao W, Liu H, DeBuysere M, Hanahan DJ, Olson MS. Identification of receptors for platelet activating factor in rat Kupffer cells. J Biol Chem 1989; 264: 13591-8.
41. Thomas P, Zamcheck N. Role of the liver in clearance and excretion of circulating carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). Dig Dis Sci 1983; 28: 216-24.
42. Thomas P, Petrick AT, Toth CA, Fox ES, Elting JJ, Steele G, Jr. A peptide sequence on carcinoembryonic antigen binds to a 80kD protein on Kupffer cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1992; 188: 671-7.
43. Emlen W, Rifai A, Magilavy D, Mannik M. Hepatic binding of DNA is mediated by a receptor on nonparenchymal cells. Am J Pathol 1988; 133: 54-60.
44. Rous P, Beard JW. Selection with the magnet and cultivation of reticuloendothelial cells (Kupffer cells). J Exp Med 1934; 59: 577-91.
45. Anderson NG. The mass isolation of whole cells from rat liver. Science 1953; 117: 627-8.
46. Jacob ST, Bhargava PM. A new method for preparation of liver cell suspensions. Exp Cell Res 1962; 27: 453-67.
47. Rappaport K, Howze G. Dissociation of adult mouse liver by Na tetraphenyl boron: a potassium chelating agent. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 1966; 121: 1010-21.
48. St. George S, Friedman M, Byers SO. Mass separation of reticuloendothelial and parenchymal cells of rat's liver. Science 1954; 120: 463-4.
49. Berry MN, Friend DS. A high yield preparation of isolated rat liver parenchymal cells. J Cell Biol 1969; 43: 506-20.
50. Seglen PO, Gjessing R. Effects of temperature and divalent cations on the substratum attachment of rat hepatocytes in vitro. J Cell Sci 1978; 34: 117-31.
51. Arahuetes RM, Sierra E, Codesal J, García-Barrutia MS, Arza E, Cubero J, et al. Optimization of the technique to isolate fetal hepatocytes and assessment of their functionality by transplantation. Life Sciences 2001; 68: 763-72.
52. Knook DL, Sleyster EC. Isolated parenchymal, Kupffer and endothelial rat liver cells characterized by their lysosomal enzyme content. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1980; 96: 250-7.
53. Smedsrod B, Pertoft H. Preparation of pure hepatocytes and reticuloendothelial cells in high yield from a single rat liver by means of percoll centrifugation and selective adherence. J Leuk Biol 1985; 38: 213-30.
54. Brouwer A, De Leeuw AM, Praaning-van Dalen DP, Knook DL. Isolation and culture of sinusoidal liver cells: summary of a round table discussion. In: Knook DL, Wisse E, editors. Sinusoidal liver cells. Amsterdam: Elsevier/North Holland; 1982. p. 509-16.
55. Morin O, Patry P, Lafleur L. Heterogeneity of endothelial cells of adult rat liver as resolved by sedimentation velocity and flow cytometry. J Cell Physiol 1984; 119: 327-34.
56. Kesova IG, Ho YS, Thung S, Cederbaum AI. Alcohol-induced liver injury in mice lacking Cu, Zn-superoxide dismutase. Hepatology 2003; 38: 1136-45.
57. Cao Q, Mak KM, Lieber CS. Dilinoleoylphosphatidylcholine decreases acetaldehyde-induced TNF-alpha generation in Kupffer cells of ethanol-fedrats. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2002; 299: 459-64.
58. Nakamura Y, Yokoyama H, Higuchi S, Hara S, Kato S, Ishi H. Acetaldehyde accumulation suppresses Kupffer cell release of TNF-α and modifies acute hepatic inflammation in rats. J Gastroenterol 2004; 39:140-7.
59. Nanji AA. Role of Kupffer cells in alcoholic hepatitis. Alcohol 2002; 27: 13-5.
60. Fox ES, Cantrell CH, Leingang KA. Inhibition of the Kupffer cell inflammatory response by acute ethanol: NF-kappa B activation and subsequent cytokine production. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1996; 5: 134-40.
61. Hijioka T, Goto M, Lemasters JJ, Thurman RG. Effect of short-term ethanol treatment on voltage-dependent calcium channels in Kupffer cells. Hepatology 1993; 18: 400-5.
62. Enomoto N, Ikejima K, Bradford B, Rivera C, Kono H, Brenner DA, et al. Alcohol causes both tolerance and sensitization of rat kupffer cells via mechanism dependent on endotoxin. Gastroenterology 1998; 115: 443-51.
63. Shibayama Y, Asaka S, Nakata K. Endotoxin hepatotoxicity augmented by ethanol. Exp Mol Pathol 1991; 55: 196-202.
64. Dey A, Cederbaum AI. Alcohol and oxidative liver injury. Hepatology 2006; 46: S63-74.
65. Wu D, Cederbaum AI. Oxidative stress mediated toxicity exerted by ethanol-inducible CYP2E1.Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2005; 207: 70-6.
66. Wu D, Cederbaum AI. Alcohol, oxidative stress, and free radical damage. Alcohol Res Health 2003; 27: 277-84.
67. Caro AA, Cederbaum AI. Oxidative stress, toxicology, and pharmacology of CYP2E1. Anu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 2004; 44: 27-42.
68. Carmiel-Haggai M, Cederbaum AI, Nieto N. Binge ethanol exposure increases liver injury in obese rats. Gastroenterology 2003; 125: 1818-33.
69. Rojkind M, Domínguez-Rosales JA, Nieto N, Greenwel P. Role of hydrogen peroxide and oxidative stress in healing responses. Cell Mol Life Sci 2002; 59: 1872-91.
70. Nieto N, Friedman SL, Cederbaum AI. Stimulation and proliferation of primary rat hepatic stellate cells by cytochrome P450 2E1-derived reactive oxygen species. Hepatology 2002; 35: 62-73.
71. Wheeler MD, Kono H, Yin M, Nakagami M, Uesugi T, Arteel GE, et al. The role of Kupffer cell oxidant production in early ethanol-induced liver disease. Free Radic Biol Med 2001; 31: 1544-9.
72. Kaplowitz N. Liver biology and pathobiology. Hepatology 2006; 43: S235-8.
73. Han D, Matsumaru K, Rettori D, Kaplowitz N. Usnic acid-induced necrosis of cultured mouse hepatocytes: inhibition of mitochondrial function and oxidative stress. Biochem Pharmacol 2004; 67: 439-51.
74. Kaplowitz N. Biochemical and cellular mechanisms of toxic liver injury. Semin Liver Dis 2002; 22: 137-44.
75. Fernández-Checa JC, Kaplowitz N. Hepatic mitochondrial glutathione: transport and roleindiseaseandtoxicity. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2005; 204: 263-73.
76. Fernandez-Checa JC. Alcohol-induced liver disease: when fat and oxidative stress meet. Ann Hepatol 2003; 2: 69-75.
77. Granger DN, Grisham MB, Kvietys PR. Mechanisms of microvascular injury. In: Johnson LR, Alpers DH, Christensen J, Jacobson ED, Walsh JH, editors. Physiology of the gastrointestinal tract. New York: Raven Press; 1994. p. 1693-722.
78. Cepinskas G, Rui T, Kvietys PR. Interaction between reactive oxygen metabolites and nitric oxide in oxidant tolerance. Free Radical Biology & Medicine 2002; 4: 433-40.
79. Grisham MB, Jourd'heuil D, Wink DA. Nitric oxide. I. Chemistry of nitric oxide and its metabolites: implications in inflammation. Am J Physiol 1999; 276: G315-G321.
80. Muriel P. Regulation of nitric oxide synthesis in the liver. J Appl Toxicol 2000; 20: 189-95.
81. Kaur H, Halliwell B. Evidence for nitric oxide-mediated oxidative damage in chronic inflammation. Nitrotyrosine in serum and synovial fluid from rheumatoid patients. FEBS Lett 1004; 350: 9-12.
82. Szabo C, Salzman AL, Ischiropoulos H. Endotoxin triggers the expression of an inducible isoform of nitric oxide synthase and the formation of peroxynitrite in the rat aorta in vivo. FEBS Lett 1995; 363: 235-8.
83. Rachmilewitz D, Stamler JS, Karmeli F, Mullins ME, Singel DJ, Loscalzo J, et al. Peroxynitrite-induced rat colitis -a new model of colonic inflammation. Gastroenterology 1993; 105: 1681-8.
84. Oury TD, Piantadosi CA, Crapo JD. Cold-induced brain edema in mice. Involvement of extracellular superoxide dismutase and nitric oxide. J Biol Chem 1993; 268: 15394-8.
85. Foresti R, Sarathchandra P, Clark JE, Green CJ, Motterlini R. Peroxynitrite induces haemoxygenase-1 in vascular endothelial cells: a link to apoptosis. Biochem J 1999; 339: 729-36.
86. Lefer DJ, Scalia R, Campbell B, Nossuli T, Hayward R, Salamon M, et al. Peroxynitrite inhibits leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions and protects against ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. J Clin Invest 1997; 99: 684-91.
87. Naseem KM, Bruckdorfer KR. Hydrogen peroxide at low concentrations strongly enhances the inhibitory effect of nitric oxide on platelets. Biochem J 1995; 310: 149-53.
88. Bautista AP. Acute ethanol binge followed by withdrawal regulates production of reactive oxygen species and cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant and liver injury during reperfusion after hepatic ischemia. Antioxid Redox Signal 2002; 4: 721-31.
89. Coll O, Colell A, García-Ruiz C, Kaplowitz N, Fernández- Checa JC. Sensitivity of the 2-oxoglutarate carrier to alcohol intake contributes to mitochondrial glutathione depletion. Hepatology 2003; 38: 692-702.
90. Fernández-Checa JC. Redox regulation and signaling lipids in mitochondrial apoptosis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2003; 9: 304: 471-9.
91. Masini A, Ceccarelli D, Gallesi D, Giovannini F, Trenti T. Lipid hydroperoxide induced mitochondrial dysfunction following acute ethanol intoxication in rats. The critical role for mitochondrial reduced glutathione. Biochem Pharmacol 1994; 47: 217-24.
92. Shaw KP, Lieber CS. Depressed hepatic glutathione and increased diene conjugates in alcoholic liver disease. Evidence of lipid peroxidation. Dig Dis Sci 1983, 28: 585-9.
93. Kawase T, Kato S, Lieber CS. Lipid peroxidation and antioxidant defense systems in rat liver after chronic ethanol feeding. Hepatology 1989; 10: 815-21.
94. Stewart SF, Day CP. The management of alcoholic liver disease. J Hepatol 2003; 38: 2-13.
95. Kuiper J, Zijlstra FJ, Kamps JAAM, van Berkel TJC. Identification of prostaglandin D2 as the major eicosanoid from liver endothelial and Kupffer cells. Biochim Biophys Acta 1988; 959: 143-52.
96. Caro AA, Cederbaum AI. Role of cytochrome P450 in phospholipase A2- and arachidonic acid-mediated cytotoxicity. Free Rad Biol Med 2006; 40: 364-75.
97. Neyrinck AM, Margagliotti S, Gomez C, Delzenne NM. Kupffer cell-derived prostaglandin E2 is involved in regulation of lipid synthesis in ratlivertissue. Cell Biochem Funct 2004; 22: 327-32.
98. Nieto N, Greenwel P, Friedman SL, Zhang F, Dannenberg AJ, Cederbaum AI. Ethanol and arachidonic acid increase alpha 2(I) collagen expression in rat hepatic stellate cells overexpressing cytochrome P450 2E1. Role of H2O2 and cyclooxigenase-2. J Biol Chem 2000; 275: 20136-45.
99. Ouwendijk RJ, Zijlstra FJ, van den Broek AM, Brouwer A, Wilson JH, Vincent JE. Comparison of the production of eicosanoids by human and rat peritoneal macrophages and rat Kupffer cells. Prostaglandins 1988; 35: 437-46.
100. Lieber CS. Alcoholic fatty liver: its pathogenesis and mechanism of progression to inflammation and fibrosis. Alcohol 2004; 34: 9-19.
101. Carmiel-Haggai M, Cederbaum AI, Nieto N. A high-fat diet leads to the progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in obese rats. FASEB J 2005; 19: 136-8.
102. Tsukamoto H. Redox regulation of cytokine expression in Kupffer cells. Antioxid Redox Signal 2002; 4: 741-8.
103. Uesugi T, Froh M, Arteel GE, Bradford BU, Gabele E, Wheeler MD, et al. Delivery of IkappaB superrepressor gene with adenovirus reduces early alcohol-induced liver injury in rats. Hepatology 2001; 34: 1149-57.
104. Wheeler MD, Yamashina S, Froh M, Rusyn I, Thurman RG. Adenoviral gene delivery can inactivate Kupffer cells: role of oxidants in NF-kappaB activation and cytokine production. J Leukoc Biol 2001; 69: 622-30.
105. Zhou Z, Wang L, Song Z, Lambert JC, McClain CJ, Kang YJ. A critical involvement of oxidative stress in acute alcohol-induced hepatic TNF-alpha production. Am J Pathol 2003; 163: 1137-46.
106. Lee FY, Li Y, Zhu H, Yang S, Lin HZ, Trush M, et al. Tumor necrosis factor increases mitochondrial oxidant production and induces expression of uncoupling protein-2 in the regenerating mice liver. Hepatology 1999; 29: 677-87.
107. Schulze-Osthoff K, Beyaert R, Vandevoorde V, Haegeman G, Fiers W. Depletion of the mitochondrial electron transport abrogates the cytotoxic and gene-inductive effects of TNF-α. EMBO J 1993; 12: 3095-104.
108. McClain CJ, Barve S, Barve S, Deaciuc I, Hill DB. Tumor necrosis factor and alcoholic liver disease. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 1998; 22: 248S-52S.
109. Jokelainen K, Thomas P, Lindros K, Nanji AA. Acetaldehyde inhibits NF-kappaB activation through IkappaBalpha preservation in rat Kupffer cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1998; 253: 834-6.
110. Fox ES, Leingang KA. Inhibition of LPS-mediated activation in rat Kupffer cells by N-acetylcysteine occurs subsequent to NF-kappaB translocation and requires protein synthesis. J Leukoc Biol 1998; 63: 509-14.
111. Akita K, Okuno M, Enya M, Imai S, Moriwaki H, Kawada N, et al. Impaired liver regeneration in mice by lipopolysaccharide via TNF-alpha/kallikrein- mediated activation of latent TGF-beta. Gastroenterology 2002; 123: 352-64.
112. Cao Q, Mak KM, Lieber CS. DLPC and SAMe combined prevent leptin-stimulated TIMP-1 production in LX-2 human hepatic stellate cells by inhibiting HO-mediated signaltransduction. Liver Int 2006; 26: 221-31.
113. Wu J, Kuncio GS, Zern MA. Human liver growth in fibrosis and cirrhosis. In: Strain AJ, Diehl AM, editors. Liver growth and repair. London: Chapman and Hall; 1998. p. 558-76.
114. Gressner AM. Cytokines and cellular crosstalk involved in the activation of fat-storing cells. J Hepatol 1995; 22: S28-36.
115. Wu J, Zern MA. Hepatic stellate cells: a target for the treatment of liver fibrosis. J Gastroenterol 2000; 35: 665-72.
116. Nieto N, Cederbaum AI. S-adenosylmethionine blocks collagen I production by preventing transforming growth factor-beta induction of the COL1A2 promoter. J Biol Chem 2005; 280: 30963-74.
117. Gong P, Cederbaum AI, Nieto N. Increased expression of cytochrome P450 2E1 induces heme-oxygenase-1 through ERK MAPK pathway. J Biol Chem 2003; 278: 29693-700.
118. Nieto N, Cederbaum AI. Increased Sp1-dependent transactivation of the LAM gamma 1 promoter in hepatic stellate cells co-cultured with HepG2 cells overexpressing cytochrome P4502E1. J Biol Chem 2003; 278: 15360-72.
119. Nieto N, Mari M, Cederbaum AI. Cytochrome P450 2E1 responsiveness in the promoter of glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit. Hepatology 2003; 37: 96-106.
120. Nieto N, Domínguez-Rosales JA, Fontana L, Salazar A, Armendariz-Borunda J, Greenwel P, et al. Rat hepatic stellate cells contribute to the acute-phase response with increased expression of alpha1 (I) and alpha1(IV) collagens, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1, and matrix-metalloproteinase-2 messengerRNAs. Hepatology 2001; 3: 597-607.
121. Nieto N, Friedman SL, Greenwel P, Cederbaum AI. CYP2E1-mediated oxidative stress induces collagen type I expression in rat hepatic stellate cells. Hepatology 1999; 30: 987-96.