Differential effect of silibinin on E2F transcription factors and associated biological events in chronically UVB-exposed skin versus tumors in SKH-1 hairless mice

Molecular Cancer Therapeutics

Volumn 5, Issue 8, 2006, Pages 2121-2129

  Gu, Mallikarjuna ^a   Singh, Rana P ^a   Dhanalakshmi, Sivanandhan ^a   Mohan, Sarumathi ^a   Agarwal, Rajesh ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO CANCER CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CYCLIN DEPENDENT KINASE; CYCLIN DEPENDENT KINASE INHIBITOR; CYCLINE; MITOGEN ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE; PROTEIN KINASE B; PROTEIN P53; SILIBININ; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR E2F; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR E2F1; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR E2F2; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR E2F3;

ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANIMAL MODEL; ANIMAL TISSUE; APOPTOSIS; ARTICLE; CANCER INHIBITION; CANCER PREVENTION; CELL CYCLE REGULATION; CELL DAMAGE; CELL PROLIFERATION; CELL TRANSFORMATION; CONTROLLED STUDY; DNA DAMAGE; DNA REPAIR; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG MECHANISM; DRUG STRUCTURE; FEMALE; GENE INDUCTION; LONG TERM EXPOSURE; MOUSE; NONHUMAN; NUDE MOUSE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RADIATION EXPOSURE; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; SKIN CARCINOGENESIS; SKIN CELL; SKIN TUMOR; ULTRAVIOLET B RADIATION;

ANIMALS; APOPTOSIS; CELL CYCLE; CYCLIN-DEPENDENT KINASE INHIBITOR P21; CYCLIN-DEPENDENT KINASE INHIBITOR P27; E2F TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS; FEMALE; MICE; MICE, HAIRLESS; MICE, INBRED HRS; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; SILYMARIN; SKIN; SKIN NEOPLASMS; TUMOR SUPPRESSOR PROTEIN P53; ULTRAVIOLET RAYS;

EID: 33748370573     PISSN: 15357163     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-06-0052     Document Type: Article

References (34)

1. Melnikova VO, Ananthaswamy HN. Cellular and molecular events leading to the development of skin cancer. Mutat Res 2005;571:91-106.
2. Ramos J, Villa J, Ruiz A, Armstrong R, Matta J. UV dose determines key characteristics of nonmelanoma skin cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2004;13:2006-11.
3. Afaq F, Adhami VM, Mukhtar H. Photochemoprevention of ultraviolet B signaling and photocarcinogenesis. Mutat Res 2005;571:153-73.
4. Singh RP, Agarwal R. Mechanisms and preclinical efficacy of silibinin in preventing skin cancer. Eur J Cancer 2005;41:69-79.
5. Mazzatti DJ, Lee YJ, Halt CE, O'Reilly MA, Keng PC. p53 modulates radiation sensitivity independent of p21 transcriptional activation. Am J Clin Oncol 2005;28:43-50.
6. Bosco EE, Knudsen ES. Differential role of RB in response to UV and IR damage. Nucleic Acids Res 2005;33:1581-92.
7. Johnson PF. Molecular stop signs: regulation of cell-cycle arrest by C/ EBP transcription factors. J Cell Sci 2005;18:2545-55.
8. Stevaux O, Dyson NJ. A revised picture of the E2F transcriptional network and RB function. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2002;14:684-91.
9. Berton TR, Mitchell DL, Guo R, Johnson DG. Regulation of epidermal apoptosis and DNA repair by E2F1 in response to ultraviolet B radiation. Oncogene 2005;24:2449-60.
10. Rieber M, Rieber MS. N-Acetylcysteine enhances UV-mediated caspase-3 activation, fragmentation of E2F-4, and apoptosis in human C8161 melanoma: inhibition by ectopic Bcl-2 expression. Biochem Pharmacol 2003;65:1593-601.
11. Mallikarjuna G, Dhanalakshmi S, Singh RP, Agarwal C, Agarwal R. Silibinin protects against photocarcinogenesis via modulation of cell cycle regulators, mitogen-activated protein kinases, and Akt signaling. Cancer Res 2004;64:6349-56.
12. Dhanalakshmi S, Mallikarjuna GU, Singh RP, Agarwal R. Silibinin prevents ultraviolet radiation-caused skin damages in SKH-1 hairless mice via a decrease in thymine dimer positive cells and an up-regulation of p53-21/ Cip1 in epidermis. Carcinogenesis 2004;25:1459-65.
13. Gu M, Dhanalakshmi S, Mohan S, Singh RP, Agarwal R. Silibinin inhibits ultraviolet B radiation-induced mitogenic and survival signaling, and associated biological responses in SKH-1 mouse skin. Carcinogenesis 2005;26:1404-13.
14. Lin WC, Lin FT, Nevins JR. Selective induction of E2F1 in response to DNA damage, mediated by ATM-dependent phosphorylation. Genes Dev 2001;15:1833-44.
15. Stevens C, Smith L, La Thangue NB. Chk2 activates E2F-1 in response to DNA damage. Nat Cell Biol 2003;5:401-19.
16. Saavedra HI, Wu L, de Bruin A, et al. Specificity of E2F1, E2F2, and E2F3 in mediating phenotypes induced by loss of Rb. Cell Growth Differ 2002;13:215-25.
17. 2/ M transcription. EMBO J 2004; 23:4615-26.
18. Rounbehler RJ, Rogers PM, Conti CJ, Johnson DG. Inactivation of E2f1 enhances tumorigenesis in a Myc transgenic model. Cancer Res 2002;62:3276-81.
19. Ziegler A, Jonason AS, Leffell DJ, et al. Sunburn and p53 in the onset of skin cancer. Nature 1994;372:773-6.
20. Reagan-Shaw S, Afaq F, Aziz MH, Ahmad N. Modulations of critical cell cycle regulatory events during chemoprevention of ultraviolet B-mediated responses by resverstrol in SKH-1 hairless mouse skin. Oncogene 2004;23:5151-60.
21. Nip J, Strom DK, Eischen CM, Cleveland JL, Zambetti GP, Hiebert SW. E2F-1 induces the stabilization of p53 but blocks p53-mediated transactivation. Oncogene 2001;20:910-20.
22. Fotedar R, Bendjennat M, Fotedar A. Role of p21WAF1 in the cellular response to UV. Cell Cycle 2004;3:134-7.
23. Hong JT, Kim EJ, Ahn KS, et al. Inhibitory effect of glycolic acid on ultraviolet-induced skin tumorigenesis in SKH-1 hairless mice and its mechanism of action. Mol Carcinog 2001;31:152-60.
24. van Vugt MA, Bras A, Medema RH. Restarting the cell cycle when the checkpoint comes to a halt. Cancer Res 2005;65:7037-40.
25. Testa JR, Bellacosa A. Akt plays a central role in tumorigenesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2001;98:10983-95.
26. Katiyar SK, Korman NJ, Mukhtar H, Agarwal R. Protective effects of silymarin against photocarcinogenesis in a mouse skin model. J Natl Cancer Inst 1997;89:556-66.
27. Stevens C, La Thangue NB. A new role for E2F-1 in checkpoint control. Cell Cycle 2003;2:435-7.
28. Korenjak M, Brehm A. E2F-Rb complexes regulating transcription of genes important for differentiation and development. Curr Opin Genet Dev 2005;15:520-7.
29. Chang WY, Dagnino L. Analysis of E2F factors during epidermal differentiation. Methods Mol Biol 2005;289:147-56.
30. Powers JT, Hong S, Mayhew CN, Rogers PM, Knudsen ES, Johnson DG. E2F1 uses the ATM signaling pathway to induce p53 and Chk2 phosphorylation and apoptosis. Mol Cancer Res 2004;2:203-14.
31. Rogoff HA, Pickering MT, Frame FM, et al. Apoptosis associated with deregulated E2F activity is dependent on E2F1 and Atm/Nbs1/Chk2. Mol Cell Biol 2004;24:2968-77.
32. Gu M, Dhanalakshmi S, Singh RP, Agarwal R. Dietary feeding of silibinin prevents early biomarkers of UVB radiation-induced carcinogenesis in SKH-1 hairless mouse epidermis. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2005;14:1344-9.
33. Wikonkal NM, Remenyik E, Knezevic D, et al. Inactivating E2F1 reverts apoptosis resistance and cancer sensitivity in Trp53-deficient mice. Nat Cell Biol 2003;5:655-60.
34. McKay BC, Chen F, Perumalswami CR, Zhang F, Liungman M. The tumor suppressor p53 can both stimulate and inhibit ultraviolet light-induced apoptosis. Mol Biol Cell 2000;11:2543-51.